DOCSLIB.ORG

Kırklareli) Biosphere Project Area

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Kırklareli) Biosphere Project Area Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2013) 37: 225-269 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/bot-1111-5 The flora of Yıldız Mountains (Kırklareli) Biosphere Project area 1, 1 2 2 Emine AKALIN URUŞAK *, Fatma Neriman ÖZHATAY , Necmettin GÜLER , Hüseyin ERSOY , 2 1 3 1 Nesibe BAŞAK , Yeter YEŞİL , Dilek ORAL , Serpil DEMİRCİ 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul University, 34116, İstanbul, Turkey 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey 3 Department of Forest Botany, Faculty of Forestry, İstanbul University, 34473, İstanbul, Turkey Received: 03.11.2011 Accepted: 08.10.2012 Published Online: 15.03.2013 Printed: 15.04.2013 Abstract: A floristic study of the Yıldız Mountains Biosphere Project was undertaken between May and October 2009. The project area is located in the north-eastern part of European Turkey, within flora square A1–A2 (E) (Kırklareli), and covers about 1300 km2. The list of vascular plants was prepared mainly based on specimens collected during the flora surveys of the Project and supplemented by earlier gathered specimens kept in the EDTU, ISTE, and ISTO herbaria. In the project area 1315 taxa, belonging to 505 genera and 113 families, were determined. Among these, 18 taxa are Pteridophytes, 4 Gymnospermae, 1035 Dicotyledones, and 258 Monocotyledones. The 3 largest families are Compositae (153 taxa; 11.5%), Leguminosae (119 taxa; 9.1%), and Graminae (102 taxa; 7.9%). The richest genus is Trifolium (62 taxa). Among the more significant finds of this floristic survey of the research area are 15 endemic taxa for Turkey and 29 taxa that are not recorded in the Asiatic part of Turkey, a new species for plant science (Allium rumelicum M.Koçyiğit & N.Özhatay), 3 new records for Turkey (Allium saxatile M.Bieb., Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss., and Elatine triandra Schkuhr), and 8 new records for European Turkey. Key words: Yıldız mountains, European Turkey, flora, Biosphere Reserve 1. Introduction with humid northern slopes supporting Fagus orientalis Turkey-in-Europe (Thrace, European Turkey) occupies the Lipsky. forest and Rhododendron ponticum L. scrub. The south-eastern extension of the Balkan Peninsula, towards forests of Yıldız Mountain (Strandzha) belong to the Asia, and is separated from it by 2 straits—the Bosphorus south Euxine floristic subregion of the Central European and the Dardanelles—and the Sea of Marmara. It covers an floristic region (Horvat et al., 1974). The floristic study of area of 23,500 km2 and is surrounded by the sea in the north- the Istranca (Yıldız) mountains was carried out by Yarcı in east, east, and south. In comparison with Turkey’s general 1996 and 1997, and the results were published (Yarcı, 1997, topography, it typically has only low elevations; however, 1999). The studied area is a part of the Yıldız Mountains the landscape and habitat diversity is greater (mountains, Biosphere Project area. Yarcı’s collection is kept in the forests, wet and dry plains, lakes, rivers, marshes, and sea EDTU and is cited in the list given in the appendix. shores). This contributes to the formation of a rich flora that The Yıldız Mountains Biosphere Reserve Project is comprises about 2350 species (2550 taxa, taking account of located in the north-west corner of Turkey, in European subspecies and varieties) according to the list of Webb (1966) Turkey. The overall aim of the project is “sustainable and Flora of Turkey (Davis 1965–1985; Davis et al., 1988; cross-border cooperation, developed and strengthened Güner et al., 2000), as well as recently published papers and for conservation and sustainable development of natural the specimens kept in the ISTE and EDTU. resources and biodiversity of the Yıldız mountains”. Its In the north-east of the region, the Yıldız mountain purpose is to deliver landscape-scale protection of the range (Istranca mountains) extends from south-east biodiversity of the Yıldız mountains in the long term. Bulgaria into European Turkey, where its highest elevation As part of the inventory and management planning of reaches 1035 m (Mahya Dağı). This range borders the the biosphere reserve, plant diversity was investigated Black Sea and represents a low westerly continuation using the available data and field work. The majority of of Anatolia’s northern Black Sea mountains. It is largely the Bulgarian region of the mountains (1161 km2) was composed of schists and covered with forest vegetation established as the Strandzha Natural Park in 1995. * Correspondence: [email protected] 225 AKALIN URUŞAK et al. / Turk J Bot 2. Materials and methods 2.2. Database In order to prepare a list of the vascular plants within the 2.2.1. Survey of related literature and available herbarium Yıldız Mountains Biosphere Project area, plant specimens records and computerisation were collected from the study area, which covers 1300 Earlier herbarium records of specimens collected from 2 km (Figure 1). Additionally, all relevant records from key the Project area and kept in the ISTE and EDTU herbaria herbaria and related literature have been computerised. were computerised, and a database was created. 2.1. Field work 2.2.2. Previously published papers The field work focused on hot spots determined (Figure 1) Several projects, theses, and papers were published on the during the project development phase, due to the limited flora of the Project area and neighbouring areas (Stefanoff, time and resources available. The sites were identified 1921, 1924; Turrill, 1924; Stojanov, 1928; Tutin et al., by botanical experts as confirmed or potential plant hot 1964–1980; Davis 1965–1985; Davis et al., 1988; Webb, spots based on one or more of the following criteria: 1- the 1966; Dönmez, 1968; Demiriz et al., 1969; Baytop, 1973a, presence of populations of rare, threatened, or endemic 1973b, 1981, 1986; Özhatay, 1975; Kurter, 1983; Seçmen species; 2- the presence of an exceptionally high diversity & Leblebici, 1991; Başak, 1993; Alpınar, 1994; Baytop & of species; and 3- the presence of threatened habitat(s). Byfield, 1997; Yarcı, 1997, 1999; Güner et al., 2000; Grauter Hot spots 1–4 were investigated from a floristic point & Raus, 2002; Özhatay et al., 2003; Başak & Kıyıcı, 2004; of view during other recently completed projects (GEF Tzonev et al., 2005; Özhatay & Kültür, 2006; Kavgacı, 2007; II and UNESCO). Plant specimens were collected from Kavgacı et al., 2007; Yılmaz & Dane, 2007; Özhatay et al., hot spots 5–12 during May–October 2009 by the project 2009; Yıldız, 2009; Doğan et al., 2010; Güler et al., 2010; teams. In total, 2547 plant specimens were collected from Özhatay et al., 2011; Akçiçek et al., 2012). 266 localities during 52 days of field work. Two projects were carried out in the research area. Specimens collected at different times from the Project One of them is GEF II Project, coordinated by Prof. Dr. area by Project teams and various researchers following H. Duman in 2005: Flora and Vegetation of Republic of herbaria EDTU, ISTE, ISTF, ISTO, and MUFE. All Turkey, Ministry of Nature and Forestry, Biodiversity and locations are summarised in Appendix I. Natural Resource Management Project. The other Project 1. İğnead a 2. Dupnsa Cave 3. Taxus baccata forest 4. Balaban Rver and vcnty 5. Mutlu (Rezve) Rıver 6. Demrköy Foundry 7. Mahya Mountan 8. Kasatura Bay 9. Panayır Rver 10. Tekkaya 11. Dereköy 12. Kıyıköy Coasts Figure 1. Hot spots determined during project proposal in the research area. 226 AKALIN URUŞAK et al. / Turk J Bot is UNESCO Project, The List of the Project Conservation macedonica (Balkan), Lychnis viscaria (Pontic species), and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity in Stranca (Yildiz)/ Peucedanum obtusifolium, (Balkan), Pyrus bulgarica Strandza Mountain – Challenges and Opportunities for (Balkan), Rorippa thracica (Balkan), Salvia nutans, Satureja Promotion and Implementation of the Transboundary coerulea (Balkan), Senecio papposus subsp. papposus Biosphere Reserve Concept by Dr Metin Karadağ and (Balkan), Sideritis scardica subsp. scardica (Balkan), Mehtap Öztekin MSc in 2009. Taraxacum gracilens (Balkan), Verbascum banaticum, Verbascum haussknechtii (=V. degenii) (Balkan), Veronica 3. Results and discussion crinita [=V. austriaca L. subsp. teucrium (L.) D.A.Webb], A total of 1364 vascular plant taxa, 796 of those determined and Veronica turrilliana (Balkan). by the current project, are listed from the Project area The following habitat types were observed in the (Appendix II). This inventory was prepared mainly based Project area: coastal dunes, wetlands, grasslands, shrubs on the 2547 specimens collected during the flora surveys (heathland), cliffs, forests [beech forest, oak-hornbeam and supplemented with taxa records cited in Flora of forests, Euxino-Thracian mixed forests, Pinus nigra forests, Turkey (Davis, 1965–1985; Davis et al., 1988; Güner et floodplain forests (longose)], and coastal lagoons. al., 2000), The Flora of European Turkey (Webb, 1966), Significant findings include a new species (Allium related papers, Project reports, theses, and the collected rumelicum M. Koçyiğit & N. Özhatay) for plant science specimens kept in the ANKO, EDTU, GAZI, ISTE, ISTF, (Özhatay et al., 2010), 3 new records for the Turkish flora, ISTO, and MUFE herbaria. and 8 new records for the flora of European Turkey. In the Project area 1315 taxa, 1227 species, 286 I. New records for the flora of Turkey subspecies, and 111 varieties belonging to 505 genera 1. Allium saxatile M.Bieb., Tabl. Prov. Casp. 114 (1798). and 113 families were determined. There were 18 taxa Specimens examined: A1(E) Kırklareli: Demirköy, belonging to Pteridophyta; the remaining 1297 taxa Mahya Mount., Sarpdere village, 358 m, 03.10.2009, are Spermatophyta, including 4 Gymnospermae taxa, E.Akalın & Y.Yeşil (ISTE 92497!); Dupnisa cave, 458 m, 1035 Dicotyledonae taxa, and 258 Monocotyledonae 26.10.2009, E.Akalın, Y.Yeşil, M.Koçyiğit (ISTE 93421!); taxa. The largest families in terms of number of genera ibid., 20.07.2010, N.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Apiaceae) - Beds, Old Cambs, Hunts, Northants and Peterborough
    CHECKLIST OF UMBELLIFERS (APIACEAE) - BEDS, OLD CAMBS, HUNTS, NORTHANTS AND PETERBOROUGH Scientific name Common Name Beds old Cambs Hunts Northants and P'boro Aegopodium podagraria Ground-elder common common common common Aethusa cynapium Fool's Parsley common common common common Ammi majus Bullwort very rare rare very rare very rare Ammi visnaga Toothpick-plant very rare very rare Anethum graveolens Dill very rare rare very rare Angelica archangelica Garden Angelica very rare very rare Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica common frequent frequent common Anthriscus caucalis Bur Chervil occasional frequent occasional occasional Anthriscus cerefolium Garden Chervil extinct extinct extinct very rare Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley common common common common Apium graveolens Wild Celery rare occasional very rare native ssp. Apium inundatum Lesser Marshwort very rare or extinct very rare extinct very rare Apium nodiflorum Fool's Water-cress common common common common Astrantia major Astrantia extinct very rare Berula erecta Lesser Water-parsnip occasional frequent occasional occasional x Beruladium procurrens Fool's Water-cress x Lesser very rare Water-parsnip Bunium bulbocastanum Great Pignut occasional very rare Bupleurum rotundifolium Thorow-wax extinct extinct extinct extinct Bupleurum subovatum False Thorow-wax very rare very rare very rare Bupleurum tenuissimum Slender Hare's-ear very rare extinct very rare or extinct Carum carvi Caraway very rare very rare very rare extinct Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil common common common common Cicuta virosa Cowbane extinct extinct Conium maculatum Hemlock common common common common Conopodium majus Pignut frequent occasional occasional frequent Coriandrum sativum Coriander rare occasional very rare very rare Daucus carota Wild Carrot common common common common Eryngium campestre Field Eryngo very rare, prob.
    [Show full text]
  • TOURISM and TRADE DIMENSIONS of TURKISH-GREEK RELATIONS Under ERDOGAN GOVERNMENTS
    EAST-WEST Journal of ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS Journal of Economics and Business Vol. XIX – 2016, No 2 TOURISM and TRADE DIMENSIONS of TURKISH-GREEK RELATIONS under ERDOGAN GOVERNMENTS Nazlı USTA LAZARIS Erciyes University, Turkey Abstract As it is known, after the parliamentary elections of 2002, Justice and Development Party (AKP) came to power in Turkey and the country has been governed by three Erdogan’s cabinets between 14 March 2003 and 29 August 2014 until he was elected president of the republic. In this period, not only the basic features of politics but also Turkish-Greek relations have been altered and tourism and trading have helped to this change. In this study, the alteration of the Turkish- Greek relations will be examined in the context of trade and tourism with the use of Keohane and Nye’s theory of complex interdependence. According to this theory, states which have controversial issues or historical problems may avoid the tension and conflicts under economic interdependency. In this context, the aim of this study is to put forward the alterations and progress among these states through economic relations under Erdogan governments between 2002 and 2014. In conjunction with the progress, it can be claimed that the economic relations are getting better every passing day. Key words: Greece, Turkey, Prime Minister Erdogan, Justice and Development Party, trade, tourism. INTRODUCTION In 1997, Turkey's current president of the republic Recep Tayyip Erdogan, recited a religiously discriminatory poem of pan-Turkist poet and theorist of early 20th century, Ziya Gökalp in a meeting as the mayor of Istanbul (Milliyet 1998).
    [Show full text]
  • PINARHİSAR ALANININ JEOLOJİSİ (Geology of the Pınarhisar Area)
    P I N A R H İ S A R A L A N I N I N J E O LO J İ S İ (Geology of the Pınarhisar Area) Cengiz Keskin Türkiye Petrolleri A.O., Ankara ÖZ : Istranca dağlarının güney etekleri boyunca uzanan resifal kireçtaşları, son on yıl içinde ve özellikle Trakya’da petrol arayan şirketlerin dikka- tini çekmişlerdir. Havza içinde ümitli bir hazne kaya olabileceği kabul edilen bu birimin incelenmesini özellikle amaç edinmiş çalışmalar var- dır. Bahis konusu kireçtaşlarının en ayırtman bölümü, Pınarhisar ve do- laylarındadır. Bu alanda Paleozoik veya daha eski bir Temel Karmaşığı üzerinde güneye az eyimli homoklinal yapıdaki Tersiyer çökelleri var- dır. Eosene ait kırıntılılar ve marnlar (İslambeyli formasyonu] ile üzeri- ne konkordan gelen resifal kireçtaşları (Kırklareli kireçtaşı) ve bunlarla diskordanslı bulunan Oligosenin oolitli kireçtaşları (Pınarhisar formas- yonu) incelenen tortul istifi oluşturmuşlardır. Çalışma kuzeyde Temel Karmaşığı güneyde Pınarhisar formasyonu üstünde konkordan duran Miyosen tabakalarının kontağıyle sınırlanmıştır. Mostrası inceleme ala- nının 2/3’sini kaplayan Pınarhisar resif karmaşığı karbonatları, saha ve mikroskop incelemelerine dayanılarak asbölümlere ayrılmıştır. Karbonat numunelerine (sahada kullanılan terimler dışında) genellikle Folk’un kireçtaşı sınıflaması uygulanmış ve çoğun Dunham'ın sınıfla- masındaki karşılıkları da birlikte sunulmuştur. ABSTRACT : The reefoid limestones which crop out along the Southern foot- hills of Istranca Mountains have become attractive in the last decade, especially for petroleum exploration companies. There exist some works which are particularly focussed on those limestones contemplated as a promising reservoir rock for oil exploration in the Ergene Basin. The most characteristic portions of the reefoid limestones are located in the Pınarhisar and vicinity. İn that sector the gentle southerly dipping homocline of Tertiary deposits, overlies the metamorphic basement of Paleozoic or older (basement comlex) rocks.
    [Show full text]
  • Bio 308-Course Guide
    COURSE GUIDE BIO 308 BIOGEOGRAPHY Course Team Dr. Kelechi L. Njoku (Course Developer/Writer) Professor A. Adebanjo (Programme Leader)- NOUN Abiodun E. Adams (Course Coordinator)-NOUN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Office No. 5 Dar es Salaam Street Off Aminu Kano Crescent Wuse II, Abuja e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.nou.edu.ng Published by National Open University of Nigeria Printed 2013 ISBN: 978-058-434-X All Rights Reserved Printed by: ii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ……………………………………......................... iv What you will Learn from this Course …………………............ iv Course Aims ……………………………………………............ iv Course Objectives …………………………………………....... iv Working through this Course …………………………….......... v Course Materials ………………………………………….......... v Study Units ………………………………………………......... v Textbooks and References ………………………………........... vi Assessment ……………………………………………….......... vi End of Course Examination and Grading..................................... vi Course Marking Scheme................................................................ vii Presentation Schedule.................................................................... vii Tutor-Marked Assignment ……………………………….......... vii Tutors and Tutorials....................................................................... viii iii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE INTRODUCTION BIO 308: Biogeography is a one-semester, 2 credit- hour course in Biology. It is a 300 level, second semester undergraduate course offered to students admitted in the School of Science and Technology, School of Education who are offering Biology or related programmes. The course guide tells you briefly what the course is all about, what course materials you will be using and how you can work your way through these materials. It gives you some guidance on your Tutor- Marked Assignments. There are Self-Assessment Exercises within the body of a unit and/or at the end of each unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing the Aspects of International Migration in Turkey by Using 2000
    MiReKoc MIGRATION RESEARCH PROGRAM AT THE KOÇ UNIVERSITY ______________________________________________________________ MiReKoc Research Projects 2005-2006 Analyzing the Aspects of International Migration in Turkey by Using 2000 Census Results Yadigar Coşkun Address: Kırkkonoaklar Mah. 202. Sokak Utku Apt. 3/1 06610 Çankaya Ankara / Turkey Email: [email protected] Tel: +90. 312.305 1115 / 146 Fax: +90. 312. 311 8141 Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu 34450 Sarıyer Istanbul Turkey Tel: +90 212 338 1635 Fax: +90 212 338 1642 Webpage: www.mirekoc.com E.mail: [email protected] Table of Contents Abstract....................................................................................................................................................3 List of Figures and Tables .......................................................................................................................4 Selected Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................5 1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Literature Review and Possible Data Sources on International Migration..........................................6 2.1 Data Sources on International Migration Data in Turkey..............................................................6 2.2 Studies on International Migration in Turkey..............................................................................11
    [Show full text]
  • Nature Conservation
    J. Nat. Conserv. 11, – (2003) Journal for © Urban & Fischer Verlag http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/jnc Nature Conservation Constructing Red Numbers for setting conservation priorities of endangered plant species: Israeli flora as a test case Yuval Sapir1*, Avi Shmida1 & Ori Fragman1,2 1 Rotem – Israel Plant Information Center, Dept. of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology,The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Present address: Botanical Garden,The Hebrew University, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Abstract A common problem in conservation policy is to define the priority of a certain species to invest conservation efforts when resources are limited. We suggest a method of constructing red numbers for plant species, in order to set priorities in con- servation policy. The red number is an additive index, summarising values of four parameters: 1. Rarity – The number of sites (1 km2) where the species is present. A rare species is defined when present in 0.5% of the area or less. 2. Declining rate and habitat vulnerability – Evaluate the decreasing rate in the number of sites and/or the destruction probability of the habitat. 3. Attractivity – the flower size and the probability of cutting or exploitation of the plant. 4. Distribution type – scoring endemic species and peripheral populations. The plant species of Israel were scored for the parameters of the red number. Three hundred and seventy (370) species, 16.15% of the Israeli flora entered into the “Red List” received red numbers above 6. “Post Mortem” analysis for the 34 extinct species of Israel revealed an average red number of 8.7, significantly higher than the average of the current red list.
    [Show full text]
  • Circumscription of Apiaceae Tribe Oenantheae
    South African Journal of Botany 2004, 70(3): 393–406 Copyright © NISC Pty Ltd Printed in South Africa — All rights reserved SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY ISSN 0254–6299 Circumscription of Apiaceae tribe Oenantheae TM Hardway1, K Spalik2, MF Watson3, DS Katz-Downie1 and SR Downie1* 1 Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, United States of America 2 Department of Plant Systematics and Geography, Warsaw University, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland 3 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland, United Kingdom * Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Received 18 August 2003, accepted in revised form 17 November 2003 Previous molecular systematic investigations into the Sium and Trepocarpus. Relationships inferred from higher-level relationships of Apiaceae subfamily phylogenetic analyses of nuclear rDNA ITS sequences Apioideae have revealed a strongly supported clade from 64 accessions representing all 17 genera reveal recognised as tribe Oenantheae Dumort. These plants that four genera are not monophyletic. Bifora and may have clusters of fibrous or tuberous-thickened Cryptotaenia have members that fall outside of the tribe; roots, corky-thickened fruits, and other adaptations for Berula and Sium each comprise two or more lineages existence in wet or aquatic habitats. In some species, within Oenantheae. The St Helena endemics, Sium the leaves may be finely dissected or linear-septate and bracteatum and S. burchellii, ally with African Berula much reduced. We have initiated collaborative studies erecta; this clade is sister to the African endemic to produce a comprehensive estimate of phylogeny of species Sium repandum and Afrocarum imbricatum, the tribe, but such investigations are thwarted because and this entire group is allied closely with north tem- information on the composition of the tribe is lacking.
    [Show full text]
  • Texto Completo
    NOTULAE TAXINOMICAE, CHOROLOGICAE, NOMENCLATURALES, BIBLIOGRAPHICAE AUT PHILOLOGICAE IN OPUS "FLORA IBERICA" INTENDENTES * MÁS, ACERCA DE VIOLA PUBERULA LANGE A raíz de la nótula en que decidíamos olvidar- — cf. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 50(1): 132. nos, por el momento al menos — cf. Anales Jard. 1992 — y, suponemos, las nevadenses de Mar- Bot. Madrid 49(1) 147. 1991 — , del susodicho tens. Recuento foráneo como el que señalába- binomen, resultaron del todo infructuosos in- mos, ¿qué probabilidades tiene de corresponder tentos varios de resolver el enigma en la Sierra a canina y no a riviniana? De la tal "puberula", de Alfacar. Es posible que, aunque HUTER insistimos, aparecen pliegos claros de toda la — cf. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 54: 337. 1904 — no parece zona, como el de G. Montserrat, 23-IV-1992, mal orientado, la muestra hubiera sido colectada ("Viola gr. riviniana"), colectado ya en la provin- en la inmediata Sierra de Harana, pues el que cia de Albacete, 30TWH56; o el de Ves (Jaén), hace un cesto hace un ciento — cf. Flora iberica 2: 30TWH42, Talavera, 25-VI-1988, que su colector 183. 1990 — ; pero ha sido una planta de la Sierra determinaba como riviniana y bajo ese nombre, de Baza — G. Blanca, 27-IV-1992 — , puberula aunque dubitativamente, figura en Bocconea 1: ella y más bien raquítica, la que nos hizo pensar 283. 1991. En cambio, diversos otros pliegos otra vez en rupestris... Una recolección subsi- regionales — como el granadino del puerto de la guiente de C. Aedo, C. Navarro & F. Muñoz Ragua citado por VALDÉS & TALAVERA en la Garmendia, 18-VI-1992, en la exactísima locali- misma página de Bocconea — son de riviniana dad bastetana en cuestión — la Canaleja baja, muy normalita, glabra o casi; a un lado los que se 1600 m, exposición norte, substrato calcáreo, citaron como de "reichenbachiana" y correspon- suelo humífero — , así como algún otro material den también, al parecer, a la tan extendida espe- salido luego a flote, dejan claro que la planta cie tetraploide — cf.
    [Show full text]
  • “Dynamic Speciation Processes in the Mediterranean Orchid Genus Ophrys L
    “DYNAMIC SPECIATION PROCESSES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN ORCHID GENUS OPHRYS L. (ORCHIDACEAE)” Tesi di Dottorato in Biologia Avanzata, XXIV ciclo (Indirizzo Sistematica Molecolare) Universitá degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Facoltá di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Naturali Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale 1st supervisor: Prof. Salvatore Cozzolino 2nd supervisor: Prof. Serena Aceto PhD student: Dott. Hendrik Breitkopf 1 Cover picture: Pseudo-copulation of a Colletes cunicularius male on a flower of Ophrys exaltata ssp. archipelagi (Marina di Lesina, Italy. H. Breitkopf, 2011). 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: MULTI-LOCUS NUCLEAR GENE PHYLOGENY OF THE SEXUALLY DECEPTIVE ORCHID GENUS OPHRYS L. (ORCHIDACEAE) CHAPTER 2: ANALYSIS OF VARIATION AND SPECIATION IN THE OPHRYS SPHEGODES SPECIES COMPLEX CHAPTER 3: FLORAL ISOLATION IS THE MAIN REPRODUCTIVE BARRIER AMONG CLOSELY RELATED SEXUALLY DECEPTIVE ORCHIDS CHAPTER 4: SPECIATION BY DISTURBANCE: A POPULATION STUDY OF CENTRAL ITALIAN OPHRYS SPHEGODES LINEAGES CONTRIBUTION OF CO-AUTHORS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ORCHIDS With more than 22.000 accepted species in 880 genera (Pridgeon et al. 1999), the family of the Orchidaceae is the largest family of angiosperm plants. Recently discovered fossils document their existence for at least 15 Ma. The last common ancestor of all orchids has been estimated to exist about 80 Ma ago (Ramirez et al. 2007, Gustafsson et al. 2010). Orchids are cosmopolitan, distributed on all continents and a great variety of habitats, ranging from deserts and swamps to arctic regions. Two large groups can be distinguished: Epiphytic and epilithic orchids attach themselves with aerial roots to trees or stones, mostly halfway between the ground and the upper canopy where they absorb water through the velamen of their roots.
    [Show full text]
  • Woolsey Fire Cleanup Sampling and Analysis Plan
    Woolsey Fire Cleanup Sampling and Analysis Plan Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area Paramount Ranch, Peter Strauss Ranch, Morrison Ranch, Rocky Oaks, Cooper Brown, Dragon Property, Miller Property, Arroyo Sequit, Circle X Ranch Prepared by Terraphase Engineering, Inc. 5/27/2020 Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area May 27, 2020 Page | i Signatories: [Federal Government Lead] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Cleanup Lead] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Legal Lead] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Regional Coordinator] [Signature] [Date Signed] [Contaminated Sites Program] [Signature] [Date Signed] By signing above, the signatories verify that they understand and concur with the information, procedures, and recommendations presented herein. Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area May 27, 2020 Page | ii Table of Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... v 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 CERCLA and National Park Service (NPS) Authority ................................................... 1-1 1.2 Purpose of Field Sampling...................................................................................................... 1-2 2 Site Description
    [Show full text]
  • The Orchids of the Isle of Formentera
    Jour. Eur. Orch. 37 (4): 501 – 528. 2005. Barbara Klahr Translated by Dr.Eckhard Kiehl The Orchids of the Isle of Formentera Keywords Orchidaceae; Aceras anthropophorum, Barlia robertiana, Gennaria diphylla, Neotinea maculata, Ophrys bombyliflora, O. dyris, O. cf. fabrella, O. fusca, O. speculum, O. tenthredinifera, Orchis collina, O. fragrans, Serapias parviflora; Formentera, Pityuses, Balearic Islands; distribution; ecology; endangerment; protection. Summary Klahr, B. (2005): The orchids of Formentera.- Jour. Eur. Orch. 37 (4): 501 XXX. A short review of history and geography of Formentera is given; aspects of flora and fauna of a south mediterranean Island, survival of plants in a half-arid zone without any wells or fresh ground water. As the most southern Island of the Pityuses, Formentera belongs climatically more to Africa than to Europe. It is a very rocky eroded Island after having had a long period without agriculture. Endemic species in flora and fauna are mentioned. Wild Orchids are growing on this small Island mainly in the higher regions of the plateau La Mola and Cap de Barbaria. There is not as much pastureland as in other mediterranean countries. Ophrys and Orchis predominate.. Most areas of Formentera were explored during the whole year, also difficult to reach regions like “Torrentes” (Canyons). The period of my observation is 2002 - 2005. The Orchids are endangered as a result of the reinforced agriculture and chemical fertilizing, subsidized by the EU, and by increasing building activities. Centuries fallow agricultural land that makes very interesting biotopes will be destroyed. The orchids of Formentera are bibliographically quoted; the results are to be supplemented with four new found species and new sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Sommaire Liste Des Tableaux
    SOMMAIRE LISTE DES TABLEAUX ............................................................................................................................ II LISTE DES FIGURES ............................................................................................................................... III LISTE DES PLANCHES PHOTOS ............................................................................................................... III LISTE DES ABREVIATIONS UTILISEES .................................................................................................... IV A. LA BIODIVERSITE TERRESTRE .......................................................................................... 1 A.1 LA BIODIVERSITE VEGETALE............................................................................................ 1 A.1.1 FLORE SPONTANEE ................................................................................................................ 1 A.1.1.1 Flore autochtone .............................................................................................................. 1 A.1.1.1.1 Richesse spécifique ................................................................................................................... 1 A.1.1.1.2 Espèces endémiques ................................................................................................................. 5 A.1.1.1.3 Espèces très rares, rares, assez rares ....................................................................................... 13 A.1.1.1.4 Espèces menacées
    [Show full text]