Initial Environmental Examination
Project Number: 41220-013 August 2020
PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project Subproject: Rehabilitation of Ga-ang Footpath Ga-ang, Tanudan, Kalinga
Prepared by the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga for the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Asian Development Bank. i i
This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 15 July 2020) The date of the currency equivalents must be within 2 months from the date on the cover. Currency unit – peso (PhP) PhP 1.00 = $ 0.02023 $1.00 = PhP 49.4144
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB Asian Development Bank BDC barangay development council BUB bottom-up budgeting CNC certificate of non-coverage COVID corona virus disease CSC construction supervision consultant CSO civil society organization DA Department of Agriculture DED detailed engineering design DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development ECA environmentally critical area ECC environmental compliance certificate ECP environmentally critical project EHSM environmental health and safety manager EIA environmental impact assessment EIS environmental impact statement EMB environmental management bureau ESS environmental safeguards specialist FMR farm to market road GAD gender and development IEE initial environmental examination IATF Inter-Agency Task Force INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project IP indigenous people IROW infrastructure right of way LGU Local Government Unit MDC municipal development council MPN most probable number NAAQ national ambient air quality guidelines NCB national competitive bidding NECA non-environmental critical area NECP non-environmental critical project NIA national irrigation administration NOL no objection letter NPCO National Project Coordinating Office NRIMP National Road Improvement and Management Program NRM natural resources management OCM overhead, contingencies and miscellaneous iii
PCCP portland cement concrete pavement PDR project description report PMIC project management implementation consultant PPMO Provincial Project Management Offices PMO Project Management Office PMU Project Management Unit POs peoples’ organizations PSA Philippine Statistics Authority PWD persons with disability RC reinforced concrete RCPC reinforced concrete pipe culvert RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Offices REA rapid environmental assessment ROW right of way SB sangguniang bayan SBD standard bidding document SEMS social and environmental management systems SPMU Subproject Management Unit SPS safeguard policy statement SSS social safeguards specialist TA technical assistance TDS total dissolved solids TOR terms of reference TSP total suspended particulates WMA watershed management area WMC Watershed Management Council WMPCO Watershed Management and Project Coordination Offices
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
˚C – degree centigrade ha – hectare km – kilometer m – meter m asl – meter above sea level mm – millimeter mg/L – milligram per liter mg/Nm3 – milligram per normal cubic meter ppt – parts per thousand μg/Nm3 – microgram per normal cubic meter µS/cm – microSiemens/cm % – percent
NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.
iv TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK...... 2 A. Environmental Clearance Requirements ...... 2 Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines ...... 2 ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements ...... 5 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 6 A. Overview ...... 6 B. Project Location ...... 7 C. Project Rationale ...... 7 D. Project Development Plan ...... 8 Project Components ...... 8 Description of the Project Phases ...... 12 E. Manpower Requirements ...... 13 F. Project Cost ...... 13 G. Project Duration and Schedule ...... 14 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 15 A. Elevation and Slope ...... 15 B. Climate ...... 15 C. Soils ...... 15 D. Land Cover and Land Use ...... 15 E. Water Sources ...... 17 F. Mining ...... 17 G. Flora and Fauna Diversity ...... 17 Flora ...... 19 Fauna ...... 19 H. Socio-Economic Conditions ...... 19 Demographic Characteristics ...... 19 Basic Social Services ...... 19 Economic Situation ...... 20 Livelihood and Expenditures ...... 22 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 23 A. Pre-Construction ...... 25 Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocation, and compensation ...... 25 Identification and prioritization of sections ...... 25 Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work where footpath concreting and stone masonry will be done ...... 25 Recruitment of workers ...... 26 B. Construction ...... 26 Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system ...... 26 Land clearing, soil excavation, and removal of obstructions ...... 26 Soil erosion ...... 26 Ground surface clearing and grubbing of existing footpath ...... 27 Civil works ...... 27 Implementation of noise and dust control measure ...... 27 Implementation of spoil management and control measure ...... 27 Solid and liquid construction waste management system ...... 27 Water quality ...... 28 Workers health, safety and hygiene ...... 28 Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna) ...... 28 Damage to properties ...... 28 Concrete washout ...... 29 Use of Hazardous Substances ...... 29
v Public safety ...... 29 C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase ...... 29 D. Abandonment Phase ...... 29 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ...... 30 A. Stakeholder Consultations ...... 30 B. Information Disclosure ...... 31 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 31 A. Grievance among IPs ...... 33 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 33 A. Implementation Arrangements ...... 33 B. Environmental Mitigation ...... 35 C. Environmental Monitoring ...... 45 IX. HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN ...... 50 A. Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis ...... 50 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...... 56 A. Conclusion ...... 56 B. Recommendation ...... 56 APPENDIXES ...... 58
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories ...... 2 Table 2. INREMP Subprojects Threshold for Coverage Screening and Categorization (EMB- MC 005-2014) ...... 4 Table 3. Scope of Work of the Subproject and its Proposed Variation Order ...... 11 Table 4. Approved Costs on Major Scope of Works and Additional Works ...... 14 Table 5. Indicative Subproject Implementation Schedule ...... 14 Table 6. 2017 Population per Sex per Sitios ...... 19 Table 7. Income Distribution by Household ...... 22 Table 8. Household Expenditures ...... 22 Table 10. Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts ...... 23 Table 11. Summary of Community Views of the Footpath Improvement in Tanudan ...... 30 Table 12. Responsibilities for EMP Implementation ...... 33 Table 13. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan ...... 35 Table 13. Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 47 Table 14. IATF Protocols Related to the INREMP Rural Infrastructure Subprojects Implementation ...... 50 Table 15. Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis ...... 54
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Location of the proposed Footpath Sub-project ...... 7 Figure 2. The Subproject Before and After Conditions ...... 9 Figure 3. Location of the Proposed Stone Masonry Additional Works ...... 10 Figure 4. Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Footpath Rehabilitation ...... 16 Figure 5. Monthly Climate Conditions in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga ...... 16 Figure 6. Distribution of Soil Series Types in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga ...... 18 Figure 7. Land Cover Distribution in Tanudan, Kalinga ...... 18
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1. A Copy of the CNC of the Subproject ...... 59 Appendix 2. Maps: Lay-out Map, Vicinity Map, Location Map ...... 60 Appendix 3. Variation Order Approved Scope of Work ...... 63 Appendix 4. Cross Section Detail of the Proposed Variation of Works ...... 65 Appendix 5. Post Activity Report and the Validation of the Proposed Subproject ...... 67 Appendix 6. Minutes and Attendance of Public Consultation ...... 69 Appendix 7. Minutes, Attendance and Photo Documentation of the Barangay Orientation conducted on October 18, 2018 ...... 78 Appendix 8. Barangay Resolution Endorsing the Subproject ...... 88 Appendix 9. SB Resolution Accepting and Supporting the Subproject ...... 89 Appendix 10. Grievance Intake Form ...... 91 Appendix 11. Sample Workers Logbook ...... 94 Appendix 12. Daily COVD-19 Surveillance Fill-Up/Checklist Form ...... 95
vii I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This initial environmental examination (IEE) report of the subproject - the Rehabilitation of Ga-ang Footpath in Barangay Ga-ang, Tanudan, Kalinga was already prepared and disclosed in April 2019. The subproject is the improvement of an existing foot trail commencing at the Lubo Elementary School in sitio Pugo Lower Lubo toward Barangay Ga-ang. The main proponent of the project is the Local Government Unit of Tanudan, Kalinga assisted by the Department of Agriculture – Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project (DA-INREMP). The Local Government Unit (LGU) of Tanudan has been implementing the subproject through the technical supervision of the Municipal Engineering Office.
At present, the subproject has 86% progress completion in the construction stage. A variation order has been considered due to large scale damage or series of landslides caused by recent typhoons. It will also serve as a railing rust protection on the footpath. The variation order will include the installation of intermittent stone masonry within stations 1+028 to 1+040, 1+220 to 1+240, 2+150 to 2+165, and 2+400 to 2+415. This variation of works will be implemented for another 32 calendar days.
The subproject variation of works has an almost 10% increase from the approved original contract amount. The subproject has an approved original contract amount of Php 7,593,370.64 which includes the costs for the indirect cost and taxes aside from the direct cost. With the subproject additional works, the total amount due to variation order is Php 8,352,707.00, wherein 12% or PhP 1,002,324.92 is LGU Tanudan counterpart and the 88% or PhP 7,350,382.77 is funded by the DA-INREMP.
The subproject aims to uplift the socio-economic condition of the community through the provision of an all- year-round accessible footpath. It aims to provide safe and accessible footpath which eventually decreases travel time, generates savings on decrease cost of manual hauling in transporting agricultural commodities, increases productivity and profit through encouraged intensive and competitive rice farming activity that maximizes the agricultural potential of the production area.
The subproject was categorized as environment category B as it is located within the area traditionally occupied by cultural communities and this IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholders’ consultation, and review of other subproject reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general environmental profile of Ga- ang and includes an assessment of the potential environmental impacts during different subproject phases and the formulation of corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the Municipal Planning and development of LGU Tanudan with the assistance of Regional Planning and Management Office, Planning Management Unit, Watershed Management Council Office, People Organizations, and its consultant.
Major land use along the footpath subproject is mainly agricultural. The proposed subproject is not located near or within ecologically sensitive areas.
Based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, the IEE has not identified any major environmental concerns considering that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of the existing earth canal and are located within the existing route. There are however localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works but the same are addressed in the detailed design and thorough implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.
1 The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the subproject. A series of public consultations conducted in Tanudan confirmed that the improvement of Ga-ang Footpath is essential for economic development and therefore funding is indispensable.
A grievance redress mechanism shall be established by the LGU of Tanudan to ensure that complaints of affected persons and other stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed.
The IEE includes an environmental management plan which details the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and environmental management capacity building. The LGU through its Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer will ensure that relevant environmental management plan (EMP) provisions are included in the bid and contract documents for the detailed design, project supervision, and civil works. During its construction, they will closely monitor the contractor’s environmental performance and over-all EMP implementation. Environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by the LGU to the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for public disclosure.
The major positive impact of the project will be economic and safe walkways for all. The subproject will directly benefit people located in the barangay and its adjoining barangays of Dacalan and Lower Lubo. Health risk to the communities and damage to the biological environment will be reduced due to subproject improvement and soil erosion control measures.
This subproject will have an overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through the implementation of the EMP.
II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
A. Environmental Clearance Requirements
Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines
According to the EMB Memorandum Circular 005 - 2014, the environmental category of a project is decided based on the type of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Project’, ECP type), location of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Areas’, ECA category), and size of the project. A summary list of ECPs and ECA categories are presented in Table 1.
Table 1. Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories A. List of ECPs
As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
1. Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries, Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro- chemical Industries including Oil and Gas, Smelting Plants
2. Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects
(logging, major wood processing projects, introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public and private forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove products, grazing), Fishery Projects (dikes for/ and fishpond development projects)
2 3. Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major Power Plants (fossil-fueled, nuclear fueled, hydroelectric or geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major Roads and Bridges
As declared by Proclamation No. 803 (1996)
4. All golf course projects
B. List of ECA Categories - As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)
1. All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves, sanctuaries
2. Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots
3. Areas which constitute the habitat of any endangered or threatened species of Philippine wildlife
(flora and fauna)
4. Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests
5. Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities or tribes
6. Areas frequently visited and/or hard-hit by natural calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons,
Volcanic activity, etc.)
7. Areas with critical slopes
8. Areas classified as prime agricultural lands
9. Recharged areas of aquifers
10. Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: tapped fordomestic purposes; within the controlled and/or protected areas declared by appropriate authorities; which support wildlife and fishery activities
11. Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: withprimary pristine and dense young growth; adjoining mouth of major river systems; near or adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing grounds; areas which act as natural buffers against shore erosion, strong winds and storm floods; areas on which people are dependent for their livelihood.
12. Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: With 50% and above live coralline cover; Spawning and nursery grounds for fish; Act as natural breakwater of coastlines
Based on their type, size, and location the projects have been classified into 3 major groups:
Group I (ECPs): ECPs in either ECAs or NECAs – Environmentally Critical Projects in either Environmentally Critical Areas or Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require the proponent to submit ‘Environmental Impact Statement’ report to secure ‘Environmental Compliance Certificate’ from DENR’s Environment Management Bureau (EMB). Table 2 gives the size of the road and bridge projects that fall in to Group 1.
Group II (NECPs): NECPS in ECAs – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require proponent to submit either ‘Initial Environmental Examination’ Report or ‘Project Description Report ‘b a s e d on the size of the project (Table 2) to secure either ECC or ‘Certificate of Non-Coverage’.
3 Group III (Non-Covered Projects): NECPs in NECS – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. PDR required to be submitted for Enhancement Mitigation Projects for confirmation of benign nature of proposed activity, and CNC is required to be secured. All other projects shall be at the option of the proponent to prepare a PDR as a basis for CNC, should the proponent opt to secure one.
This subproject is an improvement of the existing footpath which falls under the group of Non-ECP. The Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) in the Cordillera Administrative Region issued a Certificate of Non-coverage to the subproject (CNC-OL-CAR-2019- 1000419) on 7 October 2019 (Appendix 1).
Table 2. INREMP Subprojects Threshold for Coverage Screening and Categorization (EMB-MC 005-2014) Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) (may secure CNC) Projects within the Project size CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D INREMP Menu of parameters / Project Subprojects Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I only) HEAVY AND OTHER PROCESSING/ MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES Food preservation (e.g. drying, freezing) and Regardless of None None None similar methods aside capacity from canning Agricultural processing including rice, corn, > 5,000 MT Annual production vegetables, fruits and none ≥ 50,000 MT but < 50,000 <5,000 MT rate other agricultural MT products > ton/hr or mill with polishing (regardless of Rice/Corn mill None None ≤ 1 ton/hr Hourly production rate production rate if with polishing) Other types of food (and other food by- > 200 MT but Annual production products, additives, None ≥ 50,000 MT < 200 MT < 50,000 MT rate etc.) processing industries RESOURCES EXTRATIVE INDUSTRIES Other Forestry ≥ 5,000 m3 Projects; Forestry ≥ 100 m3 but Annual volume of ≥ 10,000 m3 but <10,000 <100 m3 project co-managed <5,000 m3 trees to be cut m3 with DENR ≥ 4,000 m3 Wood processing ≥ 100 m3 but Equivalent products ≥ 10,000 m3 but <10,000 <100 m3 projects <4,000 m3 per year m3 Livestock Animal Industries ≥ 5,000 > 100 but (Livestock/Piggery None <100 heads Stocking population heads 5,000 heads Projects – e.g. pigs/goats) INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS Irrigation projects ≥1,000 >300 but (distribution system None hectares <1,000 ≤300 hectares Service area only) (service area) hectares
4 Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) (may secure CNC) Projects within the Project size CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D INREMP Menu of parameters / Project Subprojects Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I only) With water source (e.g. infiltration gallery, etc.) and water Level III Level II / Level I Water Supply Projects None treatment (Distribution Water refilling (without dam) facilities system only) station including desalination, reverse osmosis (RO) >50% >50% increase in increase in capacity (or in capacity (or terms of in terms of length/width) >50% increase in length/width) AND capacity (or in Roads, widening, AND >2km but terms of rehabilitation and/or None ≥20km, <20km, length/width) BUT ≤ improvement (length with (length with 2km increase in no critical no critical length slope) OR slope) OR ≥10km ≥10km (length (length with with critical critical slope) slope) Total/gross floor area Storage facilities with >1 hectare including parking, no hazardous or toxic None ≥ 5 hectare but ≤ 1 hectare open space and other materials. <5 hectare areas
ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements
According to ADB guidelines, the process of determining a project’s environmental category is to prepare a Rapid Environmental Assessment screening checklist, taking into account the type, size, and location of the proposed project. Based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), a project is classified as one of the four (4) environmental categories (A, B, C or FI) as follows:
• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required. • Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for category A projects. Impacts are site- specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required. • Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still reviewed. • Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment
5 have minimal or no adverse environmental risks. The FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and must comply with the environmental safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009 if the FI’s subprojects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.
According to Philippines environmental guidelines, the Project or Subproject can be considered as either under Group II or III while ADB has categorized the Project as environment category B.1 Hence, this IEE has been prepared to meet the requirements of both the ADB and the government. Upon ADB’s receipt of the final IEE from the proponent, this will be publicly disclosed through posting on ADB’s website.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
A. Overview
The INREMP, implemented by DENR with funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and Climate Change Fund (CCF), addresses the unsustainable watershed management in four (4) priority river basins: (i) the Chico Upper River Basin in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Northern Luzon; (ii) the Wahig–Inabanga River Basin on the island of Bohol in Region 7; (iii) the Lake Lanao River Basin in the province of Lanao del Sur in the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao; and (iv) the Bukidnon Upper River Basin in Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental provinces in Northern Mindanao (Region 10).
The INREMP has four (4) outputs namely: (i) River basin and watershed management and investment plans established; (ii) Smallholder and institutional investments in conservation increased and URB productivity enhanced in the forestry, agriculture and rural sectors; (iii) River basin and watershed management capacity and related governance mechanisms strengthened; and (iv) Project management and support services delivered.
Under Output 2, the LGU of Tanudan proposed the rehabilitation of a 2.5 km Ga-ang Footpath in Barangay Ga-ang, Tanudan, Kalinga. The proposed subproject aims to uplift the socio-economic condition of the community through the provision of an all-weather footpath. Specifically, it aims to provide safe and accessible footpath which eventually decrease travel time to and from Ga-ang to sitio Pugo, generate savings on decrease cost of manual hauling in transporting agricultural commodities, increase profit of farmers through encouraged intensive and competitive rice farming activity that maximize agricultural potential of the production area.
Improvement of primary foot trails, delivery of basic social services, repair and maintenance of roads, sanitations and drainage systems are the few among the priority infrastructure concerns identified by the community for funding assistance.
1 In reference to the single project groupings and consistent with Proclamation Nos. 2146 and 803 and AO 42, Group II is the NECPs in ECAs (Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas) and Group III is the NECPs in NECAs (Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Non- Environmentally Critical Areas).
6 B. Project Location
The subproject is located at Barangay Ga-ang, Tanudan, the footpath originates at the Lubo Elementary School in sitio Pugo barangay Lower Lubo then southward to barangay Ga- ang. Said barangay is one of the 16 barangays of Tanudan, Kalinga. It has a total land area of 1,157 hectares classified into forest land, agricultural land, and residential land. It lies on the south by barangay Dacalan, on the north by barangays Lower and Upper Lubo, on the east by barangay Pangol and on the west by the municipality of Tinglayan, Kalinga (Appendix 2).
It is approximately 47 kilometers away from the provincial capital; 5 kilometers from Poblacion where the Municipal Hall is located. It is composed of three (3) sitios namely: Ga- ang Proper, Magaogao and Guron.
Figure 1. Location of the proposed Footpath Sub-project
C. Project Rationale
Poverty is one among the result of government’s failure to address grassroots issues such as but not limited to the improvement of primary footpath. Helpless farmers usually resort to kaingin farming or worst to illegal logging. With such undesirable situations, the community could only look for ways to somehow raise itself from the ails of destitution.
The National Agenda 2030 particularly dwells on Sustainable Development where no one shall be left behind. It is also geared towards ending poverty where economic, social, and environmental development will be improved and sustained.
Along this posture, Tanudan being an agricultural area had to device ways and means to somehow eliminate the causes of the current situation, thus it has to align its development programs on the improvement of priority infrastructure projects that will boost production efficiency and productivity. One course of action considered was to look into the improvement of primary footpath s. This footpath is considered a primary footpath channeling almost all the
7 major activities within and along its route, certainly it plays a vital role to the daily activities of people within the community.
The footpath take its root at the Lubo Elementary School at sitio Pugo in barangay Lower Lubo then southward to Barangay Ga-ang. Poverty incidence in the barangay is also significant. Almost 90 percent of its combined 101 households depends on farming. One of the indirect contributory causes of poverty incidence is the absence of safe and accessible foot trails. The foot trail conveys a majority of the livelihood activities particularly farming since it passes through the central part of Ga-ang rice fields.
The Barangay Health Worker in the recent years has recorded a number of accidents that happened within and along the foot trail because of its current condition particularly during rainy days. Working women, IPs, Elementary and Secondary students alike and farmers traverse the footpath every day, these people are prone to accident. This situation when remains un-attended will continuously deepen the severe socioeconomic status of said barangays.
At present, the condition of this footpath is generally poor but fair particularly at sections where it is already concreted however it is now almost entirely damage due to erosion. The need to improve the footpath is indeed a priority.
The influence area of the proposed footpath covers almost 60 to 80 hectares of production area for rice and vegetables which can be a real source of wealth to the farmers if maximized. Because of poor condition of the footpath though, agricultural activities are limited and noncompetitive. Agricultural activities are threatened and the livelihood is dampening its unforgiving role.
This subproject proposal focuses in improving the socioeconomic condition of affected farmers at the same time targets to maximize the use of the rest of the production area in addition to the benefits it will provide to farmers, students, senior citizens, women and children, and to the community as a whole. Aiming to maximize the agricultural potential of the area, the community clamors for the rehabilitation of Ga-ang footpath. This is one of economic potential which is foreseen to end their poverty and advance for a better if not best quality of life, henceforth this proposal.
D. Project Development Plan
Project Components
Originally, the subproject has a total length of 2,500 meters with a design width of 1 meter and thickness of 0.10 meters (Figure 2). The proposed variation order is within the original contract. It only requires intermittent stone masonries within Station 1+028 to 1+040, Station 1+220 to 1+240, Station 2+150 to 2+165, and Station 2+400 to 2+415 (Figure 3).
At present, the subproject has 86% progress completion in the construction stage. A variation order is considered due to large scale damage or series of landslides caused by the recent typhoons. It will also serve as a railing rust protection on the footpath. The variation order will be charged to the savings of the subproject. It will be implemented for 32 calendar days. Details are shown in Table 3 and Appendix 3.
8
Before After
Figure 2. The Subproject Before and After Conditions
9
STATION 1+028 TO 1+040 STATION 2+000 TO 2+020
STATION 2+000 TO 2+020 STATION 2+400 TO 2+415
Figure 3. Location of the Proposed Stone Masonry Additional Works
Construction works and specification of materials shall comply with Philippine engineering and construction standards set-forth by the Department of Public Works and Highways. Materials as quantified and estimated cost are assumed to be available in the locality. Prevailing market price is used to achieve the approved agency estimate which subsequently will be used as basis for the anticipated evaluation of bids, since the construction of the subproject will be through the harmonized competitive bidding process.
Specified hereunder are the items of works, to wit:
Marker and Billboard Fabrication and installation of project billboard shall be strictly complied prior to start of project, and a permanent market after completion of the subproject. The standard template of the subproject must conform to the FMB memorandum order dated 28 June 2018. The subproject tarpaulin design layout, dimension and letter sizes on white background, shall be depicted on a standards billboard measuring 4ft x 8 ft
10 using 1/2 inch thick plywood or tarpaulin of the same size posted on a marine plywood. The information on the billboard include 1) the logo of the DENR, INREMP and the LGU, 2) the name of LGU as a proponent, 3) the title of the subproject, 4) the project location, 5) contract amount, 6) total project length, 7) project beneficiaries, 8) project contractor, 9) project duration, 10) source of fund, and 11) development partner/s. For each rural access road, two (2) billboards will be installed, one (1) at the starting point and one (1) at the end point of the subproject. It must be pointed out that name(s) and or pictures(s) of any public or political figure should not appear in the billboard. Clearing and Grubbing Clearing and grubbing the surface of the lot. This is to remove gasses and brushes grown within the area of the project.
Table 3. Scope of Work of the Subproject and its Proposed Variation Order Component Original Subproject Proposal Modifications/Changes/Additional Scope of work Structure excavation; Common Earth; Stone masonry Concrete works; Stone masonry; Painting works Designs and A total length of 1,900 meters with a Stone masonry (See Appendix 4 for the specifications design width of 1 meter and thickness designs) of 0.10 meters footpath Budget Php 7,593,370.64 Php 759,337.06 Location Barangay Gaang, Tanudan, Kalinga, Same location. within Station 0+340 to station 2+840 Works will traverse intermittently within Note: Station 0+000 to 0+340 is the stations 1+028 to 1+040, 1+220 to existing flood control 1+240, 2+150 to 2+165, and 2+400 to 2+415
Structure Excavation Structure excavation shall be made to meet established design, elevation or dimensions on plans. The contractor shall remove gasses and brushes grown including large roots within the contract limits and suitably dispose to the designated area. The contractor shall exercise extreme precautions and perform safety measures during the excavation. Any existing properties shall be suitably protected. If damaged by the contractor, property shall be repaired by him to the satisfaction of the owner. Backfill Some parts of the structure need excavation and earth materials from structure excavation shall all be used as backfill. Concrete Works Concrete mixture shall be class ‘A’, 1:2:3 wooden forms will be established along the both sides surrounding the perimeter of the canal so as to prevent mixed concrete
11 from spilling. The concrete works will be manual mixed by 2 masons, one skilled foreman and 4 unskilled laborers. Forms shall be uniformly in contact with the foundation and shall not deviate from the true line by more than one (1) cm at any point. Forms shall remain in place undisturbed for not less than 24 hours after concrete pouring. Application of ‘permit to pour’ from the implementing agency shall be complied before pouring. Payment for pavement with deficient thickness and strength shall be based on DPWH standard and specifications. Grouted Riprap Class A (Stone Masonry) Stone boulders and aggregates must be hard, durable, and free from dirt and other foreign materials that are injurious to concrete. Stone weight must be ranging from 15- 25 kilograms with at least 50% of the stones weighing more than 20 kilograms. Provide 4” diameter PVC weep holes at 1.00 m O.C. Mortar mixture shall be one part of cement to three parts sand. Still works Still works shall be from fabrication to installation, specified diameters of RSB shall be strictly followed. Forms Works Forms to hold the concrete shall be built and set-in-place. Mixing, placing, finishing and curing of concrete shall conform to the requirements of Item 405, Structural Concrete The concrete on curbs shall be constructed in uniform design if necessary and must conform to standards.
Description of the Project Phases
Pre-Construction Phase/Pre-Development Phase
The pre-construction phase involves the social preparation of the community for the entry of the project to the site, conduct of pre-engineering activities covering detailed survey works to determine alignment of canal systems, preparation of the detailed engineering plans and programs of work, ROW negotiation if there be issues, recruitment of work force and initial sourcing and procurement of construction materials. These activities will be conducted by the proponent technical staff, DA-INREMP staff, community beneficiaries especially the Peoples’ organizations and contractors.
Construction/Development Phase
The construction phase involves the mobilization of construction workers and materials to the specific project site after which the longer period of actual construction work will commence. The construction phase will end with the demobilization of construction workers and other construction paraphernalia from the construction site. Majority of these activities will be undertaken by the contractor and community residents under the close supervision of the DA-INREMP technical staff.
12 Operation Phase and Maintenance Phase
This phase involves the actual maintenance of the proposed footpath during its expected economic life. Monitoring tools and parameters will be set forth in the MOA that the LGU and DA will sign to ensure sustainability of the constructed facility. The specific monitoring items and parameters, location and frequency, monitoring responsibilities and sources of budget are presented in the EIAMMP.
Abandonment Phase
This phase is included in the project demobilization. The proponent does not intend to abandon any facilities and unserviceable equipment used during construction. The project location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but instead restored for functional use.
Wastes arising from the abandonment are expected to be minimal. These wastes could include small volumes of left-over sand and gravel, re-bars and other steel materials (i.e., nails and tie wires) and lumber.
E. Manpower Requirements
Construction activities will require hiring of skilled and unskilled manpower. It is assumed that some skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled manpower will be available in the area. Skilled manpower not available in the locality may be sourced from other nearby localities.
During the construction phase, a workforce consisting of contractual and regular laborers will be employed to carry out the construction of the proposed project.
The Contractor shall employ qualified and sufficient staff to carry out inspections, testing and monitoring for the project.
F. Project Cost
The subproject has an approved original contract amount of Php 7,593,370.64 which includes the costs for the indirect cost and taxes aside from the direct cost (composed of material labor + equipment). With the subproject additional works, the total amount due to variation order is Php 8,352,707.00, wherein 12% or PhP 1,002,324.92 is LGU Tanudan counterpart and the 88% or PhP 7,350,382.77 will be funded by DA-INREMP. This variation of works is an almost 10% increase from the approved original contract amount. Taxes will be in the fixed ratio of 5% as required by the national government. Details of the preliminary cost estimate of the subproject are shown in Table 4.
The subproject variation order has a duration of 32 days. The subproject monitoring unit (SPMU) of the Municipality of Tanudan shall be the focal team to prepare the required documents, to coordinate with the Barangay Government Unit (BGU) of Ga-ang, and to monitor and oversee project implementation.
13
Table 4. Approved Costs on Major Scope of Works and Additional Works Approved Original Contract Variation Order No. 1 Amount Due No. Description Amount Unit Qty Unit Cost Qty Amount to Additional (PhP) Work Clearing and 37,082.50 A ln m 3,250 11.41 37,082.50 Grubbing Structural B Excavation i Hard Rock cu m 7.00 1,975.00 13,825.00 13,825.00 Backfill and 19,972.05 Cu m 35.00 570.63 19,972.00 Compaction Common cu m 22.00 2,972.00 39,346.33 ii 269.26 135.09 36,374.33 Earth D Form Works bdft 1,600.00 91.04 145,664.00 145,664.00 E RSB Works kg 1,034.00 157.73 163,092.820 163,092.82 Concrete cu m 10.00 98,234.40 2,306,543.71 F 224.80 9,823.44 2,208,309.31 Works Stone cu m 115.17 627,212.78 3,095,017.91 G 453.16 5,445.77 2,467,805.13 Masonry H Railings lm 1,200 2,074.84 2,489,808.00 2,489,808.00 Permanent 11,437.50 I lot 1.00 11,437.50 11,437.50 Marker Painting 30,917.87 J lot 1.00 25,640.00 works Total 759,337.06 8,352,707.70
G. Project Duration and Schedule
After the conduct of technical assistance to partner LGUs, the LGU- PMU started the preparation and completion of the SPD. The completed SPD will be submitted to RPMO for review and concurrence. When found substantial, it will be endorsed to the ADB for the request of NOL which is targeted on the first quarter of 2019. During these stages, the DED is simultaneously being prepared by the LGU Engineering Unit and is expected to be final and complete on or before the time of the ADB NOL. The DED shall then be translated into a Bidding Document once the SPD is approved.
The procurement period was made on the second quarter of 2019 and it took 10 to 12 weeks to comply with the ADB Procurement Guidelines, thus the subproject was awarded in the first quarter of 2019. The subproject is an almost 86% progress completion given its construction 156 calendar days revised contract duration. With the variation order, the subproject will be given an additional 32 calendar days to complete its scope of work. After the completion of construction works, the LGU will prepare the completion documents before the year ends and the turn-over ceremonies shall also take place at the same time. Other details are shown in Table 6.
Table 5. Indicative Subproject Implementation Schedule 2018 2019 2020 Subproject Milestones Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Ocular Inspection, Validation, Geo-tagging
SPD Preparation
DED Preparation
SPD Review and Approval
14
Procurement Stage
Construction Stage Variation Order No. 1 preparation Additional works (VO1) construction
Completion and Turn-over
O&M Activity
IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
A. Elevation and Slope
The slope of Barangay Ga-ang ranges from rolling to moderately steep sloping grounds. Its terrain near the habitation is generally rolling while mountainous and rugged in its outlying areas.
In particular, the elevation of the proposed footpath rehabilitation alignment ranges from 499 m asl to 563 m asl with an average slope of 8.5%. Further details are shown in Figure 4.
B. Climate
Barangay Ga-ang also experience weather condition that is generally cold with a temperature of 19 to 24 degrees Celsius. Usually, the months of September to February are windy and the coldest are the months of December to February. It has two pronounced seasons. The rainy season starts from the month of May and ends in October or November while the dry season starts in the month of December and ends in the month of April. Other details are shown in Figure 5.
C. Soils
There are three (2) general types of soil in the area, namely: Annam sandy clay loam and undifferentiated mountain soil, the barangay has predominantly sandy loam texture with portions of silty soil. In particular, the proposed Footpath rehabilitation subproject traverses mostly Annam sandy clay loam. This soil series is underlain with poor mass of clay loam. Other details of soil series type in Tanudan are shown in Figure 6.
D. Land Cover and Land Use
From its total land area of 1,157.40 hectares, about 995.36 or about 86% are rolling hills and rugged terrain to moderately steep to very steep. This covers the forest reserve which is suited for tropical trees, mossy forest trees and grasses. Its agricultural land of more or less 200 hectares is suited for highland commercial crops and temperate crops and trees while about 1.1 hectares is for residential area.
15
Figure 4. Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Footpath Rehabilitation
Figure 5. Monthly Climate Conditions in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga
16 Out of the combine 698.4 hectares of forest reserve, an estimated 431 hectares is mainly used as watershed suited for wild bamboos, herbal tea, herbal medicines and others. Other portions are planted with cogon grasses. This forest reserve is a source of potable water supply for the community. The other areas are devoted to timberland and covered with forests and shrubs and the remaining area is open grassland which is used as a grazing land for the community and adjacent barangays.
About one (1) ha residential area includes space occupied by schools, churches, and the barangay hall. Open spaces of the existing school compound are utilized as playground and are commonly used during inter school’s athletic meet and other celebrations in the barangay.
The land cover distribution in Tanudan is shown in Figure 7. The proposed Footpath alignment falls within the annual crop land cover type. The actual land use types along the subproject are mostly agricultural lands planted of highland rice called unoy or aerobic rice there are some vegetable such as, gabi, beans, corn, pepper, papaya, and legumes, root crops including cassava and camote and fruit crops as well is also present.
E. Water Sources
There is only one operational source of water supply in Barangay Ga-ang and that is Tangob. It serves as the source of water for domestic use and as well as agricultural use of the barangay and nearby communities.
The vast Tangob Creek is communally owned, maintained and protected by Barangay Ga-ang since it is the main source of water supply for the community.
F. Mining
There is no large or small-scale mining activity within the municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga.
G. Flora and Fauna Diversity
The proposed subproject is located within the old irrigated and cultivated rice fields of Ga-ang in which there is no flora or fauna that are possibly affected or damaged.
The proposed improvement of the subproject is located within the Ga-ang rice terraces near the community. The LGU of Tanudan, DA-RPMO and RPCO technical staff together with its consultants have evaluated that there are no trees at the easement and right of way and no endangered and critically endangered species of fauna within the proposed footpath improvement subproject during the field validation in 14 March 2018 (Appendix 5).
17
Figure 6. Distribution of Soil Series Types in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga
Figure 7. Land Cover Distribution in Tanudan, Kalinga
18 Flora
There are no trees or any endangered species of fauna that is located within the influence area of the proposed footpath as it is just located near the community and within the rice fields.
Although the community is surrounded with thick forest rich of flora same are not located within or near the sub-project site hence the implementation of the project does not have any negative impact to the flora.
Fauna
There is no fauna that is located within the influence area of the propose footpath improvement as it is just located near the community.
A variety of fauna species however are found in the community forest such as birds, mammals, bees, rodents and freshwater resources. These species play a very important role in the maintenance of the food chain and in other life cycles in the ecosystem. All of these are not found within or at least near the project site hence no threat of negative impact to these species.
H. Socio-Economic Conditions
Demographic Characteristics
Based on secondary data gathered, barangay Ga-ang has a total population of 541 for 2015 while 601 for 2017. Within the span of 2 years, there is an increase of at least 10% or equivalent to 60 individuals. The density ratio is 0.52:1 which translates to 0.52 or say 1 person occupying a hectare.
Of the total population which is 601 for 2017, 317 are males while 284 are females. Likewise, it is composed of 101 households and 132 families. This total population are distributed in the 3 sitios earlier mentioned. Hereunder is the breakdown of 2017 population per sitio (Table 6).
Table 6. 2017 Population per Sex per Sitios Barangay Male Female Total Population Ga-ang Proper 215 231 446 Guron 40 37 77 Magaogao 29 23 52 Total 284 291 575 Source: 2017 BHS
With regard to tribal affiliation, 98.3% of the population belongs to the Iga-ang sub- tribe of Kalinga ethnic group and the remaining 1.7% belongs to other ethnic groups like other Kalinga sub tribes, Ilocano and Tagalog. Entry of other ethnic groups is due to intermarriage.
Basic Social Services
Health Services
The barangay at present has its own barangay hall and barangay health center. There are 3 BHWs and two midwifes working in the said barangay. The health programs implemented in the barangay include the maternal care, child care, environmental sanitations,
19 comprehensive nutrition, TB control, leprosy control, and health education which are spearheaded by the Rural Health Unit of Tanudan.
In cases of illnesses that are beyond the capability of these barangay facilities, the services of the Tanudan District Hospital, Rural health Unit and the Municipal Health Office are sought. Said facility is located 5 and 9 kilometers away from the barangay.
In a survey conducted by BHWs of Ga-ang in 2017, the leading causes of deaths are pneumonia, diarrhea, diabetes, and hypertension. Other causes of death aside from sicknesses are accidents.
Water
Domestic water service is run by the barangay and is maintained through the barangay plumbers. Most of the households have their individual water supply using GI pipes and plastic hose to convey water from source to the dwellings.
There is only one (1) source of spring water supply for domestic use in the barangays and that is Tangob. These serves as the main source of water supply for domestic and even agricultural use.
Education
The barangay has its own Child Development Center managed by the barangay. While the Ga-ang Elementary School serves as the primary schools for the barangay. The Tanudan National High School will serve as the secondary school for the students from this barangay.
Social welfare and Development
Other social services offered by the MLGU in the barangay are provision of social assistance to persons with disabilities (PWDs), and senior citizens, case management intervention to special cases under violence against women and children(VAWC), children in conflict with the law (CICL), fraternity recruitment (FR) and persons with substance use disorder (PSUD), refer clients needing financial and medical assistance, and provision of double feeding to children.
Technical assistance and support services to KALIPI, Senior citizens, PWDs, Child development workers and Local Council for the protection of Children.
Other social advocacies such as strengthening of social welfare developments, councils and special bodies including enhancements of knowledge, skills and competencies of targeted sectors in the barangays.
Economic Situation
Agricultural Area
Average household farm size for vegetable including root crops production is about 465.95 hectares for the barangay. These are located mostly adjacent to their respective rice fields.
Average farm size of the rice farming per households is 0.48 hectares.
The barangay is one of the vegetable producers in the municipality however same is limited for domestic use only. Commercial vegetables can be raised whole year round but due
20 to the absence of good access to the market, farmers do not have the nerve to engage into commercial vegetable production.
Root crops like sweet potato, legumes, cassava and other indigenous crops are planted in small quantity at least once a year and only enough for home consumption.
These agricultural produce are manually hauled by the farmers themselves given its small volume of harvest.
Agroforestry and Plantation Areas
The barangay have also engaged in agroforestry through an intervention from DENR NGP and CHARMP programs. Fruit trees and coffee rejuvenation are also given priority by the LGU by extending financial as well as technical support to the farmers. Based on records, the two barangays contributes around 16 hectares of rejuvenated coffee plantation.
Fisheries
The river and creeks including small household fishpond are the community’s communal fish resources. Eels, crab, frogs, mutya, carpa, million fish and mudfish are the typical fishes found in the rivers and creeks. Anybody can catch for their home consumption and some make it as a livelihood catching and selling. Water contamination due to the use of insecticides is a contributory factor to the diminishing status of the original indigenous species that naturally thrive for consumption. Illegal fishing through the use of improvised devices is another factor that destroys the living species in the rivers and creeks.
Some farmers used to maintain small scale private fishponds for their own consumption. Tilapia is the common fish grown in their fishpond. The MLGU regularly distributes fingerlings from the Department of Agriculture. However, due to the declining discharge of irrigation water only few are interested in this activity.
Commerce and Industry
Among the livelihood activity of some of the barangay constituents is livestock production such as duck, chicken, goat, native pig, carabao, and cattle raising. Based on the livestock survey of the OMAG in 2017, there were 51 duck, 328 chicken, 19 goat, 157 native pig, 36 carabao, and 42 cattle is present in the two barangays. Parts of these recorded livestock were dispersals from the Local Government Units.
Tourism
The two barangays also has tourism spots to offer especially to those who love to explore and enjoy the virgin forest. Trekking the rugged but breezy mount Tangob is one, experiencing the firsthand look of the Allom falls is another, and experiencing the breath- taking view of the Ga-ang rice terraces is another. These are just few of the tourism sites and potentials found in the barangay.
Aside from the tourism sites, there are other potential tourist attractions in the area like the Guilom Falls before joining Tanudan River, Bugawit Cave. Other scenic sites and eco- parks with fresh and clean water are also found within the barangay.
21 Livelihood and Expenditures
Income Distribution by Household
Table 7 shows that there are 24 household whose monthly income is within the P3, 001.00 to 6,000.00 range. Belonging to this range are generally rice field farmers whose source of livelihood is all year round rice field farming while composing the PhP 3,000.00 and below monthly income range are the old and handicapped people who are generally doing small vegetable and root crops farming.
Comprising the 15 households belonging to the PhP 12,000.00 and above monthly income range are overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) and government employees.
Table 7. Income Distribution by Household Income Bracket (monthly) Number of HH Percentage 3,000 & below 23 22.77 3,001 – 6,000 24 23.76 6,001-9,000 21 20.79 9,001-12,000 18 17.82 12,000 & above 15 14.85 Total 101 100%
Household Expenditures
As shown in Table 8, the expenditure is based on a family of eight with education based at the provincial capital that offers cheaper tertiary education. Education expense consumes much of the family income which if inferred on the financial capabilities of the low- income households is too costly. A number from the low-income households manage to enroll in college incurring substantial amount of credit while others opt to find daily wage jobs.
Table 8. Household Expenditures Items Amount 1.Food Rice (cavan) 2400 Sugar(kg) 100 Lard (kg) 180 Salt (kg) 22 Meat (kg) 510 Fish (kg) 330 2. Soap (dish washing paste/ soap, laundry and bath) 310 3. LPG 1,220 4. Education Tuition Fee and other fees & Contribution Elementary 400 High school/year 1,000 College/sem 3,500
22 Items Amount Allowance/month 3,000 Lodging/month 1,500 Total Php 14,372.00 Source: MPDO
Transport System
Barangay Ga-ang is not yet accessible through vehicle transport however it can be reach by foot for less than an hour from the end of the road in Tatakkan. Nevertheless, same will be reach by four-wheel vehicle in the next 3 years through the Tabuk Banaue via Tanudan Barlig National road since said road will traverse the barangay.
V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, the IEE has not identified any major environmental concerns due to the proposed rehabilitation of Ga-ang Footpath given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing earth canal which are within the existing right of way. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works, however the same is addressed through strict implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan. These construction related impacts can be mitigated by (i) the contractors’ work practices, especially those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard safety requirements; (ii) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractor in terms of use of public space and utilities; (iii) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct construction practices and standards; (iv) the incorporation of the mitigation measures identified in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and (v) close monitoring of the contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures.
The potential environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are expected to be minor and likely short-term since the improvement works will involve a minimal excavation and alignment adjustments. Potential environmental impacts that could be expected from the Subproject are described in Table 10.
Table 9. Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts Potential Environmental Clearing Excavation/ Riprappin Forms Concreting Railings Variation Impacts or Values the and Structure g/ Stone Works and Order (Stone Subproject construction would Grubbing Excavation Masonry Steel Works Masonry) likely create: Land surface disturbance – surface scrapping, top soil minor minor minor minor minor minor minor erosion, and vegetative clearing Affects temporal water regime: decrease water quantity and quality and flow regularity or seasonality due to altered minor minor minor minor minor minor minor drainage patterns, water way configuration, sedimentation, turbidity, as well as river flow diversion Altered or impaired hydrology of the immediate area: increase minor minor minor minor minor minor minor peak and flood flows and irregular stream flow
23 Potential Environmental Clearing Excavation/ Riprappin Forms Concreting Railings Variation Impacts or Values the and Structure g/ Stone Works and Order (Stone Subproject construction would Grubbing Excavation Masonry Steel Works Masonry) likely create: Decrease in downstream natural resources’ economic and social none none none none none none none values/uses Decrease site’s attraction in terms of losing some geological or geomorphological values, none none none none none none none particularly those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance Vegetation loss affecting rare species habitats, particularly of known local, national or none none none none none none none international nature conservation importance Adverse impact on local and transient fauna species (those species whose range may include the project site), particularly those none none none none none none none of known local, national or international nature conservation importance. Bio-invasion of new strain of pests, weeds or rare diseases none none none none none none none Frequent incurrence and none none none none none none none increased intensity of grassfire Contamination of the immediate and/or broader environment cause by the storage or use of minor minor minor none none minor minor chemicals needed for the construction works Air particulate emissions which may cause atmospheric / environmental pollution impacting None None None minor minor None None on human health and livelihood at local or larger scale during construction phase Excessive solid waste accumulation during infrastructure none minor minor minor minor minor minor construction Increase in noise and/or vibration minor minor minor minor minor minor minor during construction Unnatural lighting effects that may impact upon flora and fauna, or none none none none none none none deplete the sense of naturalness of the area Natural landscape fragmentation none none none none none none none and Discontinuity Adverse impact on land use and the amenity values of adjacent or downstream areas (including the none none none minor minor none none integrity of agricultural land, or other industry that the local community may depend on) Adverse impact on existing or potential recreational value and quality of known traditional none none none minor minor none none experience associated to site natural setting Adverse impact or alter on-sites’ visual value and its surrounding none none none none none none none area -from different vantage points Rating: None= no adverse impact; Minor= slight negative impact and momentary; Moderate=slight negative impact for a year but not damaging enough to cause ecological, health and economic disturbance.
24 During its operation, the project is expected to help enhance the environment particularly the whole stretch of the footpath for it will serve as barrier for possible soil erosion during heavy rainfall. It also benefit the IP’s and other stakeholders in the area through safe and accessible footpath, increase in agricultural activities and increase in different livelihood thus promoting the community’s economic development which eventually leads to the reduction and finally elimination of poverty in the community.
Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre- construction, construction and operation phases are described and detailed in the environmental management plan under Chapter VIII.
A. Pre-Construction
Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocation, and compensation
The confirmation of no required resettlement, relocation, and compensation was already undertaken through series of consultations with the affected individuals for which they themselves voluntarily consented and waive their rights to possible temporary or permanent obstruction to their properties. The benefit they may reap once the project becomes operational overturns the disturbance as they themselves emphasized. Based on the initial inventory of assets and properties within the route of the footpath, there are minor intrusions to private properties however same is communicated and explain very well to the owners of affected properties.
The proponent conducted consultation meetings with directly affected barangays and concerned POs’, and information awareness campaign regarding subproject location.
The proposed variation of works has no direct impacts on resettlement and acquisition since the subproject is within its right-of-way. The subproject has no displacement of inhabitants and properties.
Identification and prioritization of sections
Identification and prioritization will be communicated to the community for information and participation, particularly women and marginalized sectors. A subproject site validation will be facilitated to ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject implementation is being complied with and hold consultative meetings with balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan.
Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work where footpath concreting and stone masonry will be done
The detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject will be prepared by the LGU for the completion of the proposed footpath. The detailed designs shall include the identification of temporary walkways and emergency response plans for all construction sites, locate aggregate and sand supply areas and specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal community daily activities.
The LGU will ensure that relevant provisions of the EMP in terms of implementation of environmental mitigation measures, monitoring activities, supervision and reporting are included for civil works and construction supervision.
25 The proposed variation of works will be included the installation of an intermittent stone masonry at sta. 1+028 to 2+220. Again, the LGU of Tanudan has requested a variation order to change quantities due to additional protection and improvement of the subproject. The proposed slope protection structure will provide sufficient protection on loose slope landslide and slope collapse within the section.
Recruitment of workers
The subproject will require hiring of skilled local workers and other unskilled job seeker. A robust “local first” hiring policy will be designed and be implemented in coordination with local officials and community leaders especially at the barangay and municipal levels. The Contractor will be required to follow the “local first” hiring policy.
B. Construction
Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system
The source of the rocks that will be used in the riprap of Gaang footpath will be sourced out from the riverbanks of the Tanudan River. These rocks were the ones washed ashore due to a strong typhoon that hit the place last year.
Rice field levees may be damaged during hauling of construction materials, in order to eliminate damage, the contractor will ensure proper management of workers during manual hauling. As much as possible, the contractor will not make use of productive adjacent rice field as stockpile site. In case this is unavoidable, the contractor must obtain consent from the rice field owner and will restore the site to its original condition after completion of civil works.
Land clearing, soil excavation, and removal of obstructions
There are no trees to be removed in the area during its construction. There are no encroachments on any residential houses or dwellings, businesses, or institutional structures found along the route of the proposed footpath. Likewise, there are no houses/ dwelling or other structures found in the area other than rice fields and small vegetable gardens but these gardens are away from the exact route of the footpath.
The contractor will not use or permit the use of illegally gathered lumber as forms or scaffold during the entire construction period of the subproject.
Soil erosion
Unstable side slopes along the route of the footpath is detected and may cause soil erosion during heavy rainfall. The proposed footpath is designed to prevent further soil erosion along the route of the footpath. Construction activities should be undertaken with utmost care.
During its operation, silt load in the river is expected to be minor due to slope protection structures installed. The contractor will also be required to make additional measures to minimize erosion and landslides during construction phase such as 1) minimize excavation and cutting of rice filed side slope, 2) prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and 3) If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.
26 Ground surface clearing and grubbing of existing footpath
During ground surface clearing and grubbing, the potential impacts would be minor and short-term to the earthly resources as well as to the quality of surface water downstream. The contractor will be required to do the following: 1) the construction site should be located away from production areas or rice fields, 2) all construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from production areas or rice fields, 3) no waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in production areas or rice fields, 4) erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion, 5) earthworks should be conducted during dry periods, 6) no waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters, 7) no washing or repair of machinery near surface waters, 8) pit latrines to be located away from surface waters, 9) no unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses, and 10) no use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.
Civil works
Since the subproject will only involve a 1-meter wide concreting of the existing footpath, no major side slope cutting and excavation is expected, the main impacts on land during construction are access problems. The contractor shall apply appropriate mitigating measures during concrete pavement activities such as 1) piling of aggregates at sites which should be used/or removed promptly, and 2) all materials and possible waste should be cleaned immediately and handled as per hazardous waste management plan, and other government regulations.
Implementation of noise and dust control measure
During construction, air quality is likely to be degraded by exhaust emissions from the operation of construction equipment (if any) and dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils and material stockpiles.
In order to mitigate these, the following will be implemented: 1) regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads, 2) cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, 3) minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed, 4) backfill immediately after work is completed, 5) restrict working time between 8:00 am and 5:00 pm, 6) maintain equipment in proper working condition, 7) vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use, and 8) construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas if possible.
Implementation of spoil management and control measure
The contractor will ensure that there will be no contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoils, and construction wastes. If any, the uncontaminated spoils will be disposed of in municipal designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface water. On the other hand, suspicious contaminated soil will be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.
Solid and liquid construction waste management system
Solid and liquid construction wastes management system will be facilitated to avoid contamination of land and surface water from the construction wastes. The management of general solid and liquid wastes of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal will be established and followed to ensure construction sites are as clean as possible.
27 All solid wastes will be separated and recyclables be donated to the barangay. There will be no site-specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid waste will be collected and removed and disposed in local waste disposal sites.
Water quality
This subproject has only minor potential impacts on water quality downstream. To mitigate, there should be a 1) set up proper sanitary facilities, 2) ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, and 3) trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks.
Workers health, safety and hygiene
Construction sites are likely to have public health impacts. The location of workers’ camp is just along the subproject site. The contractor must ensure that no untreated waste water is discharged in the river and that no site-specific landfills will be established. The contractor shall designate a health and safety officer to address such concerns in the work sites and liaise/work with the nearby communities.
Mitigation measures include: 1) sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors should be placed, 2) worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, 3) provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, 4) the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, 5) standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, 6) worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, 7) appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, 8) adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site, 9) drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, 10) sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and 11) all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.
Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)
The proposed sub project has no direct or indirect impact to the ecological environment particularly flora and fauna, since the location of the project is far away from the whereabouts of this important forest species. Also, a Certification of no Trees to be Affected was released by CENRO Tabuk. The certification was based on the results of the joint validation between the DA-INREMP, MLGU and DENR CENRO conducted on January 15, 2019. (see Appendix 9)
Meanwhile, the potential impacts from construction workers is seen not a problem however, the contractor will be responsible for providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. In short, all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals.
Damage to properties
Another potential minor impact during construction is damage to properties due to civil works, transport of materials and other project-related activities. To address this impact, the contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties, and other community facilities. Access roads used for transport of construction
28 materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.
Concrete washout
The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate rice fields and damage productive land in the downstream areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.
Use of Hazardous Substances
Storage and use of fuel, and lubricant will have potential impacts on soil surface and groundwater contamination. The rehabilitation of the footpath however does not require the use of hazardous substances. Nevertheless, applicable adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.
Public safety
Some of the mitigation measures that should be implemented are as follows: 1) installation of fencing around excavation areas and construction sites (if any), 2) provision of proper signage and lighting and direct traffic and pedestrians, and 3) deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access.
The subproject location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but instead restored for functional use. Wastes arising from demobilization are expected to be minimal. These wastes could include small volumes of left-over sand and gravel, cement sacks, re- bars, and other steel materials (i.e., nails and tie wires) and lumber.
C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase
The operation of the improved footpath will surely provide potential positive impacts such as favorable mobility, safe and accessible to all. To maintain the operation of the footpath, the LGU in partnership with the barangays and other stakeholders has to conduct regular monitoring including vegetation control along the footpath route and ensure that existing environmental management policies are effectively implemented.
D. Abandonment Phase
Following the subproject completion, the contractor will dismantle any temporary shelters, the construction yard including unserviceable vehicles and equipment, and the transport of construction debris.
29 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION
A. Stakeholder Consultations
The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the subproject. A series of barangay consultations to include neighboring beneficiary barangays was conducted on 27 April 2018 and 18 October 2018 wherein they manifested full support to the rehabilitation of Ga-ang footpath. Documentations of the said meetings are found in Appendix 6 and Appendix 7.
During two consultations, the proponent has made a presentation of the subproject describing the objective of the consultations, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultation went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. The results of the consultation were positive and very much accepted by the community believing of a significant economic benefit to the barangays and increase agricultural productivity. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which was properly addressed. No long term negative environmental impact assessed by the participants. Majority of the respondents cited travel time reduction as one of the direct benefits of the improved footpath while majority of them as well are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject (Table 11).
As a result of the consultation, the barangay council expressed their acceptance and support to the project by passing a resolution endorsing the rehabilitation of the footpath. A barangay resolution was issued endorsing DA-INREMP rural infrastructure Rehabilitation of Ga-ang Footpath (Appendix 8).
The LGU of Tanudan also expressed its interest to all subprojects of INREMP starting from the pre-implementation phase up to implementation stage. This is manifested in their cooperation and participation during orientation, consultation, planning and training activities. Support from the LGU further heightened with the passing of SB resolution accepting and supporting the Rural Infrastructure (RI) and Natural Resource Management (NRM) component of the project (Appendix 9).
Table 10. Summary of Community Views of the Footpath Improvement in Tanudan Date: April 27, 2018 and October 18, 2018 Venue: Guimuyo, Lower Lubo, Tanudan (April) and Barangay Hall, Upper Lubo, Tanudan (October) Number of Participants: 58 (April) and 60 (November) Participating agencies/institutions: DENR, DA INREMP, MLGU Tanudan, BLGU Ga-ang and NCIP Kalinga Questions Responses Benefits from the People in general see the project positively because aside from it was Footpath rehabilitation a wish of the community, it provides mobility and safe transport expressed by on-site especially students, women, and the working farmers. and off-site stakeholders Pre- construction Beneficiaries Response Project Management Team phase issues Response No issues raised since the NA community supports the project
30 Construction phase No issues raised since the NA issues community supports the project Operation and No issues raised since the NA maintenance phase community supports the Project issues Suggested impact N/A N/A mitigation measures
B. Information Disclosure
After completion of the study, the IEE documenting the mitigation measures and consultation process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website, DENR-FMB, the Municipality of Tanudan and the affected Barangay offices, the Provincial Environmental and Natural Resource Officer, and DENR regional office, which will make them available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through:
• The preparation and dissemination of a brochure in local languages, explaining the affected peoples’ entitlements and the procedures for obtaining compensation for temporary disturbances, trees, crops, and land for construction camps and recording grievances; and
• Setting up a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the affected people. Field consultant in association with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.
VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM
The Local Government Unit of Tanudan has properly conducted the consultations with the different stakeholders of the sub-project site. However, it still has to make room for possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes arising from the communities in relation to the project implementation. Thus, it sets up a Grievance Redress Mechanism to provide a venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done to resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable level.
Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which may arise due to the project implementation, which are listed below:
a. Footpath related grievances – This may include complaints from communities using the footpath under repair or construction due to temporary obstruction, which may cause sudden disruption to passersby. b. Construction related grievances – Community members may demand to be hired as part of the labor force in the project rehabilitation/implementation. This may also include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, and etc.
31 c. Indigenous Peoples related grievances – may come from IPs residing within the influence areas concerned with potential effects to ecological and social resources of their area/abode.
In case grievances and disputes do arise, there are existing groups in the area which can be tapped to form part of the GRM. In fact, different active groups exist in the area such as the Barangay Development Council (BDC) with its Lupon which is mainly in-charge of settling disputes related to barangay administration.
The BDC and the Punong Barangay will be the first people/group to be approached by the aggrieved party for any complaint. Both groups may then resolve the issues at their level. In case either group cannot resolve the matters at their level, they shall make proper documentation of the case and submit the same to the Municipal Development Council (MDC). The MDC is composed of the different barangay chairmen of the municipality, and they are mainly the policy-making body especially with regards to barangay affairs. Thus, the MDC will be the body to resolve the grievances endorsed to them by the BDC. In case, the MDC is not able to resolve the disputes, it will then be endorsed to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, which shall be the body to finally resolve the disputes.
The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the RPMO head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM officer of RPMO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix 10). The RPMO's GRM officers will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the aggrieved party.
The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the following:
(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or in writing to the RPMO, and the RPMO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in filling-up the grievance intake form; (ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a GRC meeting; (iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the RPMO's GRM officer will provide the complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving the complaint. (iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be called within 5 working days; (v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint; (vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the RPMO's GRM officer within 5 working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and (vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede the complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment
32 and Natural Resources Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau, etc.)
The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints, disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB.
A. Grievance among IPs
Giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievances will be handled following the procedure outlined below. In resolving disputes among the indigenous peoples, the determination or decision is usually reached through dialogue and consensus. There may be several conflict resolution sessions according to the specific tribe’s customary laws before the dispute may be resolve. Thus, there is no clear definite timeline on when the conflict or dispute should be settled at the level of the clan and the Council of Elders.
a. Dispute/grievance will be resolved first among the members of the clan; b. If the said grievance/dispute is not resolved at the clan level, this will be brought to the level of the Council of Elders (COE); and c. If still unresolved at the COE level, the said dispute/grievance will be submitted to the NCIP Regional Hearing Officer (RHO), for resolution, where the decision will be final and executory. The dispute/ grievance will be heard and adjudicated in accordance with the Rules on Pleadings, Practice and Procedures before the NCIP.
VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
A. Implementation Arrangements
Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP are presented in Table 12.
Table 11. Responsibilities for EMP Implementation Agency Responsibilities LGU of Tanudan, Kalinga • Executing agency with overall responsibility for project construction and operation
• Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the EMP
• Ensure that Project implementation complies with Government environmental policies and regulations
• Ensure that the Project, regardless of financing source, complies with the provisions of the EMP and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009
• Obtain necessary environmental approval(s) from the Environmental Management Bureau and/or other
33 Agency Responsibilities concerned government agencies prior to commencement of civil works
• Ensure that tender and contract documents for design, supervision and civil works include the relevant EMP requirements
• Establish an environmental grievance redress mechanism, as described in the IEE, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples’ concerns
• Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP implementation to ADB.
PPMO and WMPCO • Closely monitor contractor’s environmental performance and over-all implementation of the EMP
• Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation for submission to ADB
• Based on the results of EMP monitoring, identify environmental corrective actions and prepare a corrective action plan, as necessary, for submission to ADB
• Responsible for coordinating with EMB, Local Government Units (LGU), and other concerned agencies related to environmental aspects for maintaining project`s compliance with environmental permits. TA – PMIC and DA-INREMP • Engage environment specialists who will undertake supervision and monitoring of EMP implementation and contractor’s environmental performance
• As part of day-to-day project supervision, closely supervise and monitor the contractor’s implementation of mitigation measures specified in the EMP
• Assist PMU and WMPCO in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation. Such report will include results of ambient environmental monitoring to be conducted by the contractors.
Contractors • Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations and EMP provisions
• Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP
• Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to avoid, minimize and/or
34 Agency Responsibilities compensate for adverse impacts due to construction works and related activities performed by the contractor. EMB – DENR • Review and approve environmental assessment reports required by the Government
• Undertake monitoring of the project’s environmental performance based on their mandate
ADB • Conduct periodic site visits to assess status of EMP implementation and over-all environmental performance of the Project
• Review environmental monitoring reports submitted by the executing agency to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed
• Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website environmental monitoring reports, corrective action plans, new or updated IEE (if any) prepared by the executing agency during project implementation
B. Environmental Mitigation
Table 13 presents environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the Subproject. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.
Table 12. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/ Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Activity Impacts Implementation Monitor Pre-Construction Phase 1. Confirmation of Conduct community no required • No negative consultations and meetings • PMU PPMO resettlement, environmental with barangay officials, relocations, impacts concerned POs, affected and persons, indigenous compensation peoples, ensuring that there is equal representation of women.
Conduct information awareness campaign regarding subproject location. 2. Identification • Subproject Subproject site validation and siting posing with following conditions: • PMU PPMO prioritization adverse of road and impact on ▪ Ensure that the canal the validation process as alignment, environment per DENR NCIP-MOA conduct and on INREMP
35 topographic immediate implementation is survey and surroundings being complied with Right of Way ▪ Hold consultative (ROW) • Lack of meetings with negotiation information balanced and/or low representation of men participation and women, of the indigenous peoples community, and affected persons particularly on the subproject women, components and indigenous management plan peoples and ▪ During the subproject marginalized conceptualization and sectors initial design stage and even prior to • ROW conflict finalization of design, between and the proponent LGU among land shall invite owners representatives from all sectors of the community, including the indigenous peoples and equal representation of women, for the conduct of orientation. The aim is to generate reactions and comments for integration into final subproject design ▪ Involve barangay officials, indigenous peoples and affected households in ROW negotiation ▪ Secure the waiver of rights to any claim/ compensation if there are any claimants. 3. Preparation of Work with proponent LGU PMU PPMO detailed • Minimize RI Engineer for the engineering negative completion of the proposed designs and environmental upgraded access road programs of impacts detailed designs and to work for the ensure the following subproject measures are included:
• Identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites; • No disturbance or damage to cultural objects and landmarks; • No or minimal encroachment into agriculture or forested lands. • Locate aggregate rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers;
36 • No or minimal disruption to village water supplies along access roads, utilities, and electricity with contingency plans for unavoidable disruptions; • For local residents: include specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities 4. Recruitment of • Gender ▪ Hire local workers as Contractor • PMU Part of the workers discrimination much as possible, and Contractor’ and tendency give equal privilege for s contract to recruit women and indigenous outsiders peoples to get involved in selected tasks appropriate for them. ▪ During recruitment of construction workers, the Contractor shall ensure that qualified community members, to include the indigenous peoples and equal representation of women are given priority in recruitment of workforce; this will be stipulated in the contract documents.. Construction Phase Implement Pollution, injury, • Utilize rocks available Contractor • PMU Part of the construction interrupted usual in the Tanudan River • PPMO Contractor’ materials road use, brought by a typhoon. • INREMP s contract acquisition, disrupted access, • equired aggregate -DA transport access, noise volumes must be and storage system carefully calculated prior to extraction to prevent wastage. • Pits and quarries should not be located near surface waters, forested areas, critical habitat for wildlife, or cultural objects and landmarks. • If aggregate quarrying from fluvial environments is required small streams and rivers should be used, and dry alluvial plains preferred. • All topsoil and overburden removed should be stockpiled for later restoration. • All quarries should have a fence perimeter with signage to keep public away. • After use pits and quarries should be dewatered and permanent fences
37 installed with signage to keep public out, and restored as much as possible using original overburden and topsoil. • Unstable slope conditions in/adjacent to the quarry or pit caused by the extractions should be rectified with tree planting. • Define & schedule how materials are extracted from rock quarries, transported, and handled & stored at sites. • Define and schedule how fabricated materials such as steel, wood structures, and scaffolding will be transported and handled. • All aggregate loads on trucks should be covered. Clearing and Damage or loss of • Contact PENRO/CENRO Contractor • PMU Part of the removal of vegetation and for advice on how to • PPMO Contractor’ obstructions landscape minimize damage to • DA- s contract vegetation INREMP • Restrict vegetation removal to within RoWs. • Within RoWs, minimize land cover removals, and install protective physical barriers around trees. • onsult PENRO/CENRO to determine the most successful restoration strategy and techniques. • Secure waiver of right to any claim and/ or compensation from claimants. Implement soil Land erosion • Berms, and plastic sheet Contractor • PMU Part of the erosion control fencing should be placed • PPMO Contractor’ measures around all excavations • DA- s contract and earthwork areas. INREMP • Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods. • Maintain a stockpile of topsoil for immediate site restoration following backfilling. • Protect exposed or cut slopes with planted vegetation and have a slope stabilization protocol ready. • Re-vegetate all soil exposure areas immediately after work is completed. • minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope
38 formation, • prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and • If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours. Civil works: ground Degradation of • All construction sites Contractor • PMU Part of the surface levelling terrestrial and should be located away • PPMO Contractor’ and concrete aquatic resources from forested or • DA- s contract paving of existing and decreased plantation areas as much INREMP road water quality as possible. • All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas. • No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations. • Protective berms, plastic sheet fencing, or silt curtains should be placed between all earthworks and nearby surface waters. • Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain- induced erosion. • Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods. • All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters. • No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters. • No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters. • Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters. • No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses. • No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes. Implement noise Dust and noise • Regularly apply wetting Contractor • PMU Part of the and dust control agents to exposed soil • PPMO Contractor’ and construction roads. • DA- s contract • Cover or keep moist all INREMP stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates. • Minimize the time for
39 excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed. Backfill immediately after work is completed. • As much as possible, restrict working time between 07:00 and 17:00, in particular, activities such as pile driving, etc. • Maintain equipment in proper working condition • Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery. • Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use. • Construct temporary noise barriers. Dust and noise Air and noise • provision of noise Contractor • PMU Part of the control measures to • PPMO Contractor’ comply with national • DA- s contract standards, watering of INREMP the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck, • secure appropriate environmental permits, • the borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and • protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits. Implement spoil Contamination of • Uncontaminated spoil to Contractor • PMU Part of the management and land and surface be disposed of in • PPMO Contractor’ control measure waters from government –designated • DA- s contract excavated spoil, sites, which must never INREMP and construction be in or adjacent surface waste waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified. • Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature. • Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries. • A record of type,
40 estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded. • In case, spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature. • Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries. • A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded. • Contaminated spoil disposal must follow government regulations including handling, transport, treatment (if necessary), and disposal. • Suspected contaminated soil must be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations. • Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil must be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity.
Implement solid Contamination of • Management of general Contractor • PMU Part of the and liquid land and surface solid and liquid waste of • PPMO Contractor’ construction waste waters from construction will follow • DA- s contract management construction waste government regulations INREMP system to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force. • Disposal areas for solid and liquid waste must be determined by the government. • Disposal of waste should be catalogued for type, estimated weigh, and source. • Construction sites should have large garbage bins. • A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal must be established and followed that ensures construction
41 sites are as clean as possible. • Solid waste should be separated and recyclables be sold to buyers in the community.
Hazardous Waste • Collection, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste such as used oils, gasoline, paint, and other toxics must follow government regulations. • Wastes should be separated (e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries, paints, organic solvents) • Wastes must be stored above ground in closed, well labeled, ventilated plastic bins in good condition, away from construction activity areas, all surface water, water supplies, and cultural and ecological sensitive receptors. • All spills must be cleaned up completely with all contaminated soil removed and handled with by contaminated spoil sub-plan. Water quality Water and soil • set up proper and Contractor • PMU Part of the adequate sanitary • PPMO Contractor’ facilities, • DA- s contract • ensure strict observance INREMP of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, and • trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks. Workers health, Land and people • proper fencing, protective Contractor • PMU Part of the safety and hygiene barriers, and buffer • PPMO Contractor’ zones should be • DA- s contract provided around all INREMP construction sites, • sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed,
42 • worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, • provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, • the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, • standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, • worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, • appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, • adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site, • drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, • sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and • all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed. Ecological Land • poaching of edible Contractor • PMU Part of the environment (Flora animals and birds of the • PPMO Contractor’ and Fauna) locality in spite of • DA- s contract prohibitions. INREMP • providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. • all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals. Damaged to Land The contractor will Contractor • PMU Part of the properties immediately repair and/or • PPMO Contractor’ compensate for any • DA- s contract damage that it causes to INREMP properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like.
43 Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction. Concrete washout Soil and water The Contractor shall 1) Contractor • PMU Part of the contamination collect and retain all the • PPMO Contractor’ concrete washout water and • DA- s contract solids in leak proof INREMP containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade. Use of Hazardous People, land and Vehicle maintenance and Contractor • PMU Part of the Substances water refueling will be confined to • PPMO Contractor’ areas in construction sites • DA- s contract designed (with concrete INREMP flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.
44 Public safety People • installation of sturdy • DA- fencing around INREMP excavation areas and construction sites, • provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians, and • deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access.
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase Operation of Increased risk of LGU of WMPCO Part of the upgraded access accident or injury • Provide appropriate Tanudan PPMO proponent road warning signs DENR obligation Exploitation of • Regular vegetation • DA- natural resources control along run-off area INREMP in the area. to ensure free flow • Ensure that existing Increased delivery environmental of agricultural management policies are products effectively implemented and proper coordination Tourism involves different agencies. • Adherence to land use and zoning regulations • Promote tourism in the area through advertisement from the local and nationwide venue. Lack of Sustain involvement of Ips, LGU of WMPCO Part of the Conduct of O & M participation of women and marginalized Tanudan PPMO proponent organizational and indigenous sectors thru conduct of DENR obligation coordination peoples, women regular meetings on O and • DA- meetings or other M concerns with O and M INREMP marginalized committees and sectors in sub- organizations. project operation and maintenance Conduct O and M orientation to community in Lack of native dialect knowledge on prohibitions and obligations of community members on the proper use of completed facilities
C. Environmental Monitoring
Table 13 presents the environmental monitoring activities to be undertaken during various project phases. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the community at the barangay level, project management unit, provincial project coordination
45 office, regional project management office, and ESS. The RPMO and ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring reports shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as corrective actions, if any.
The RPMO and ESS during project implementation will be required to organize a community level environmental monitoring. Prior to commencement of site works, the RPMO, ESS and SSS shall undertake consultations with affected residents, barangay and/or officials to encourage them to participate in the community level environmental monitoring program. The locals shall be allowed to freely participate during the environmental monitoring to be conducted by the LGU together with PPCO, RPMO, SSS and ESS. The SSE, ESS and WMPCO shall provide orientation on how to undertake monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Framework shown below:
COMMUNITY LEVEL CONSTRUCTION MONITORING FORM Subproject Name: Rehabilitation of Ga-ang Footpath Location: Ga-ang, Tanudan, Kalinga Province Reporting Period: Impact/ Mitigation Measures Compliance Comment on Reasons for Partial or Non- Attained (Yes, Compliance 1 No, or Partial)
2
3
4
Recommendation/s:
Signature: Date:
46 Table 13. Environmental Monitoring Plan Activities Environmental Location Means of Frequency Responsible Monitoring Cost Impact Monitoring of Unit Monitoring Pre-Construction Confirmation of no People: Possible Subproject Field work, Once SPMU, DA- INREMP required displacement of site literature WMPCO, Project Cost resettlement, inhabitants and survey, PPMO, relocations, and properties from community RPCO, DA compensation the original consultations location Identification and People: Subproject Field work and Once, or SPMU, DA- INREMP prioritization of participation of site survey, subject to WMPCO, footpath where the community, community validations PPMO, concreting and particularly consultations RPCO, DA stone masonry women and will be done marginalized sectors Preparation of Land: Possible Host LGU - Approved Once SPMU, Project Cost detailed displacement of MPDO detailed WMPCO, engineering inhabitants and engineering PPMO, designs and properties designs and RPCO, DA programs of work programs of People: work completion of the upgraded road detailed design Recruitment of People: Within host Ratio of hired Quarterly/Se SPMU, DA- INREMP workers Generation of barangay/s workers (local mi-annual WMPCO, local residents vs PPMO, employment migrant RPCO, DA workers) Construction Construction Land: damage Vicinity of the Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project materials landscape subproject site observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost acquisition, assess impacts NPCO, DA transport access, People and Air: on air quality. and storage dust and noise Interviews with system generation communities (noise, project- related complaints) Clearing and Land and water: Right of Way Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project removal of damage observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost obstructions landscape assess impacts NPCO, DA
People: dust and Interviews with noise generation communities Soil erosion Land and Water: Sloping sides Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project Surface erosion, of the observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost landslide, and subproject site assess impacts NPCO, DA downstream river Nearby Interviews with sedimentation stream/creek communities and the contractor Ground surface Land and water: Carriageway Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project leveling and Degradation of Shoulder observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost concreting of the terrestrial and Riprap assess impacts NPCO, DA existing footpath aquatic stations resources, and Interviews with decreased water communities quality and the contractor People: dust and noise generation Civil works Land and water: Carriageway Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project damage/ Shoulder observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost contamination Slope assess impacts NPCO, DA protection Air and People: stations Interviews with dust and noise communities generation, and the contractor
47 Activities Environmental Location Means of Frequency Responsible Monitoring Cost Impact Monitoring of Unit Monitoring traffic and access problem Implementation of People: air, dust Vicinity of the Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project noise and dust and noise subproject site observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost control measure generation assess impacts NPCO, DA
Interviews with communities and the contractor Dust and noise People: dust and Vicinity of the Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project from borrow pits noise generation subproject site observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost assess impacts NPCO, DA
Interviews with communities and the contractor Implementation of Land and Water: Worker’s Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project spoil management Contamination of Camp, Field observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost and control land and surface Office, assess impacts NPCO, DA measure waters from Stockyard excavated spoil, Interviews with and construction communities waste and the contractor Solid and liquid Land and Water: Worker’s Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project construction Contamination of Camp, Field observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost waste land and surface Office, assess impacts NPCO, DA management waters from Stockyard system construction Interviews with waste communities and the Air: Generation contractor of foul/dainty odor Water quality Water: Worker’s Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project Degradation of Camp, Field observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost soil and water Office, assess impacts NPCO, DA on surface Nearby water quality streams/ (evidence of creeks siltation from construction activities) Construction Water: Loss of Riprap Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project drainage system drainage and stations observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost rain water Subproject assess impacts NPCO, DA natural channels site Interviews with communities and the contractor Workers health, People: Worker’s Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project safety and Sanitation and Camp, Field observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost hygiene workers safety Office, assess impacts NPCO, DA
Water: water Subproject Interviews with sanitation site communities and the contractor Ecological Land: vegetation Vicinity of the Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project environment loss, damage to project area observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost (Flora and Fauna) landscape assess impacts NPCO, DA
Interviews with communities and the contractor Damage to Land: landscape Within ROW Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project properties disruption of the observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost subproject assess impacts NPCO, DA
48 Activities Environmental Location Means of Frequency Responsible Monitoring Cost Impact Monitoring of Unit Monitoring
Interviews with communities and the contractor Concrete washout Water: Nearby Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project Degradation of streams/ observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost water quality. creeks assess impacts NPCO, DA
Interviews with communities and the contractor Use of hazardous Land and Water: Worker’s Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project substances Degradation of Camp, Field observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost water and air Office, assess impacts NPCO, DA quality. Subproject Interviews with People: site communities vulnerability to and the hazardous Nearby contractor substances streams/ creeks Public safety People: safety Worker’s Visual Quarterly/Se PPMO, INREMP Project during Camp, Field observations to mi-annual RPCO, Cost construction Office, assess impacts NPCO, DA
Subproject Interviews with site communities and the Within the contractor host barangay Operation and Maintenance of Upgraded Road Incidence of Land and Water: Adjacent to Surveys, public Seasonal for SPMU, LGU/ BMET flooding road damage upgraded road complaints 5 years PPMO and flooding Exploitation of Land: landscape Vicinity of the Visual Seasonal for SPMU, LGU/ BMET natural resources damage or project site observations to 5 years PPMO in the area improvement assess impacts
Interviews with communities
The RPMO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:
Environmental Monitoring Reports: Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by DA-INREMP to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by ESS with assistance for TA-PMIC, will provide the following information:
• Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the project, including physical implementation progress of project activities, scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon);
• Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations and requirements;
• Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable;
• Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring plan/program in the EMP;
49 • Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or desired outcomes documented (e.g. environmental impacts avoided or minimized, etc.);
• If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action plan;
• Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities;
• Summary of environmental mitigations and compensation measures implemented;
• Identification of key issues, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement;
• Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholders response;
• Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required;
• Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.
Project Completion Report: One (1) year after completion of the construction, the NPCO through its ESS shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include the overall environmental performance of the Subproject.
IX. HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
A. Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis
Pursuant to Presidential Proclamation Nos. 922 and 929, Series of 2020 declaring a State of Public Health Emergency throughout the Philippines due to COVID-19 pandemic crisis and Calamity and the Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF) Omnibus Guidelines on the Implementation of Community Quarantine in the Philippines issued on 15 May 2020, the following construction safety guidelines, supplemental to the existing safety standards, shall be observed for all ongoing and future constructions of all subprojects under INREMP.
In this subproject, the IATF protocols shall be followed and the minimum health standards prescribed by the Department of Health must be observed.2 Other details of the IATF protocols related to the INREMP rural infrastructure subprojects implementation is shown in Table 14.
Table 14. IATF Protocols Related to the INREMP Rural Infrastructure Subprojects Implementation IATF Category Related Protocols 1. Enhanced Community Quarantine As per DPWH Department Order No. 35, series 2020, in areas covered by ECQ, the following construction projects are only allowed:
2 Based on Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF) Omnibus Guidelines on the Implementation of Community Quarantine in the Philippines issued on 15 May 2020.
50 • Quarantine facilities and isolation facilities;
• Facilities for health sectors dealing with the said abovementioned persons; and
• Facilities for construction personnel who perform emergency works, flood control and other disaster risk reduction and rehabilitation works.
2. Modified Enhanced Community In addition to those allowed and enumerated construction Quarantine projects under Section 2 of the IATF guidelines, other essential and priority public and private construction projects shall be allowed, subject to compliance with the DPWH construction safety guidelines: Provided, however, that small scale-projects as defined and set by the DPWH shall not be allowed.
Minimum public health standards as prescribed by the DOH and such related protocols or guidelines issued by the appropriate government agencies for the ECQ shall be applied to the MECQ and shall be complied with at all times.
Only persons from 21 to 59 years of age, without pre- existing health conditions, such as, but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID-19 shall be allowed to be included in the workforce.
3. General Community Quarantine All public and private construction projects shall be allowed, but with strict compliance to the issued construction safety guidelines for the implementation of infrastructure projects during the COVID-19 pandemic by the DPWH.3
Minimum public health standards shall be complied with at all times for the duration of the GCQ.
Only persons from 21 to 59 years of age, without pre- existing health conditions, such as, but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID-19 shall be allowed to be included in the workforce.
4. Modified General Community All public and private construction projects shall be Quarantine allowed, but with strict compliance to the issued construction safety guidelines for the implementation of infrastructure projects during the COVID-19 pandemic by the DPWH.
3 The DPWH issued a Department Order No. 35, series 2020, related to the Construction Safety Guidelines for the Implementation of All DPWH Infrastructure Projects During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis.
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Minimum public health standards as prescribed by the DOH and such related protocols or guidelines issued by the appropriate government agencies for the GCQ shall be applied to the MGCQ and shall be complied with at all times.
5. Post-Community Quarantine Areas where no community quarantine is in place can be considered as being under the new normal.
During the subproject implementation, the following must be observed in accordance to the existing government guidelines and regulations. Other potential impacts and mitigating measures are presented in Table 15.
1. Prior to Deployment
a. Only persons from 21 to 59 years of age, without pre-existing health conditions, such as, but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID-19 shall be allowed to be included in the workforce. Other workers or consultants who are sixty (60) years of age or above may be part of the workforce for construction projects as may be allowed under GCQ and ECQ guidelines under Omnibus Guidelines on the Implementation of Community Quarantine in the Philippines (“OG”) dated 29 April 2020.
b. The concerned LGU shall issue construction quarantine pass (QP) to the individual qualified personnel of the contractors and suppliers, clearly stating the identification, designation, nature of work, validity and destination.
c. The contractors and suppliers shall provide for their personnel/workers the necessary welfare facilities such as workers’ quarters for board and lodging, ensuring compliance to social distancing, proper hygiene, etc. Contractors shall submit the design for the said welfare facilities, for monitoring, to the concerned LGU and the Regional Project Coordinating Office.
d. Contractors shall ensure that their subprojects are in compliance with DOLE Department Order No. 13 series of 1998.4 Contractors shall provide their personnel and workers continuous supply of vitamins, particularly vitamin C, other over – the – counter medicines, quarantine facilities, and oxygen tanks for emergency purposes.
e. Contractors shall provide disinfection facilities in their respective project sites in compliance with pertinent DOH and IATF Guidelines, to be placed at strategic locations to ensure the safety and welfare of all personnel.
f. Proper information dissemination regarding COVID-19 construction protocols on top of existing construction safety practices shall be conducted by the Safety Officer/s, to all personnel.
4 DOLE Department Order No. 13, series of 1998 - Otherwise known as the Guidelines Governing Occupational Safety and Health in the Construction Industry
52 g. Personal records of all personnel necessary for contact tracing shall be submitted by the contractors and suppliers to the concerned LGU and the RPCO, and shall be resubmitted and updated monthly, or as the need arises. (See Appendix 11 – Worker’s Records Log Format)
2. During Deployment and Construction
a. Conduct an inventory of works for the Construction sequencing to be followed and undertaken to uphold the required social distancing. Break times shall be conducted in a staggered manner.
b. Errands to be conducted outside the constructions site premises shall be kept to a minimum. Number of personnel running errands shall be limited and shall be properly disinfected and closely monitored for symptoms within fourteen (14) days upon re-entry.
c. Field offices, workers’ quarters, and other common areas shall be regularly maintained including the daily disinfection of such facilities.
d. Adequate food, safe/potable drinking water, disinfectants and hand soaps shall be made available by the contractors to its in – house personnel.
e. Daily monitoring of the pre and post work health conditions of workers shall be undertaken by the contractors including, but not limited to, temperature, health, and exposure monitoring, as preventive measures. Personnel with manifestations or symptoms related to COVID-19 shall be immediately isolated and quarantined for fourteen (14) days and if necessary, brought to the nearest DOH COVID-19 treatment facility under strict confidentiality and privacy.
f. A daily health monitoring report to be prepared by the Safety Officer shall be submitted to the concerned LGU and RPCO. (See Appendix 12 – Daily COVID- 19 Surveillance Fill-Up/Checklist Form)
g. Work activities shall be under daily strict monitoring by the Safety Officer at site to ensure compliance with safety standards and quarantine protocols.
h. The Safety Officer assigned at the site shall ensure strict compliance to DOLE DO13 series of 1998, and implementation of wearing additional Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) required such as, but not limited to, face masks, safety glasses/goggles, face shields, and long sleeves T-shirts, to contain the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace and implementation of social distancing measures provided herein.
i. For off-site workers’ quarters, transport service, duly disinfected before and after use, shall be provided, with social distancing observed.
j. Sharing of construction, and office equipment is discouraged. However, if necessary, the shared equipment must be disinfected in between transfers amongst personnel.
k. All material and equipment delivery and disposal shall be conducted by a specific team of personnel on an isolated loading/unloading zone while limiting contact with the delivery/disposal personnel. All materials and/or equipment entering the construction site shall be duly disinfected, as possible.
53 l. Non-essential personnel, visitors, and the public shall be restricted to enter the construction site, workers’ quarters, and field offices. Otherwise, all personnel entering the construction site premises on a temporary basis (e.g. Delivery truck drivers, inspectors, etc.) shall be properly logged and checked for symptoms. Gatherings, Liquors, and/or merry – making are strictly prohibited within the construction site premises.
m. Clustered and staggered deployment of workers within the construction site shall be observed to minimize personnel contact and for easier contact tracing.
n. Proper waste disposal shall be provided for infectious waste such as PPEs and other waste products coming from outside the construction premises.
Table 15. Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis Project Potential Impacts Mitigating/Enhancing Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Component/ Implementation Monitor Estimates Activity Pre-Deployment 4. Hiring of Vulnerability to Allow as workforce only Contractor Contractor/ 40,000 Workers COVID-19 persons from 21 to 59 LGU years of age, without pre-existing health conditions, such as, but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID- 19. 5. Issuance of Accessibility to Issue construction quarantine LGU; Barangay Contractor/ No fee Quarantine the construction pass (QP) to the individual LGU LGU Pass site qualified personnel of the contractors and suppliers. 6. Workers Provide personnel/workers the Contractor Contractor/ 15,000 ‘welfare necessary welfare facilities such LGU facilities as workers’ quarters for board and lodging, ensuring compliance to social distancing, proper hygiene, etc.
Submit the design for the welfare facilities, for monitoring, to the concerned LGU and the Regional Project Coordinating Office. 7. Occupational Health and safety Provide workers continuous Contractor Contractor/ 10,000 Safety and of workers supply of vitamins, particularly LGU Health vitamin C, other over – the – counter medicines, quarantine facilities, and oxygen tanks for emergency purposes. 8. Construction Health and safety Provide disinfection facilities in Contractor Contractor/ 5,000 of disinfection of workers their respective project sites in LGU facilities compliance with pertinent DOH and IATF Guidelines 9. Dissemination Information, Conduct proper information Contractor Contractor/ No fee of COVID-19 Education dissemination regarding LGU Campaign COVID-19 construction
54 construction protocols on top of existing protocols construction safety practices. 10. Docu For contact Submit personal records of all Contractor Contractor/ No cost mentation of tracing personnel necessary for contact LGU all workers’ tracing records During Deployment and Construction 1. Inventory of Health and safety Conduct an inventory of works Contractor Contractor/ 5,000 works, or of workers for the Construction LGU weekly work sequencing to be followed and plan undertaken to uphold the required social distancing.
Break times shall be conducted in a staggered manner. 2. Errands Security and Minimum errands outside the Contractor Contractor/ 5,000 limitation safety constructions site premises LGU shall be observed.
Limit the number of personnel running errands.
Disinfect and closely monitored for symptoms within fourteen (14) days upon re-entry. Construction of Workers’ safety Regular maintenance including Contractor Contractor/ 20,000 Field offices, the daily disinfection of such LGU and workers’ facilities. quarters Provide food, safe/potable drinking water, disinfectants and hand soaps Daily monitoring Workers’ safety Undertake daily monitoring of Contractor Contractor/ 15,000 of the pre and the workers’ the body LGU post work health temperature, health, and conditions of exposure monitoring, as workers preventive measures.
Isolate personnel with manifestations or symptoms related to COVID-19 and quarantined for fourteen (14) days, if necessary.
Bring to the nearest health center with strict confidentiality and privacy. Onsite Workers’ safety Ensure strict compliance and Contractor Contractor/ 15,000 construction implementation of wearing LGU activities additional PPEs required such as, but not limited to, face masks, safety glasses/goggles, face shields, and long sleeves T-shirts, to contain the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace.
Implementation of social and physical distancing.
Cluster the deployment of workers within the construction to minimize personnel contact and for easier contact tracing.
Disinfect equipment in between transfers amongst workers. Workers’ Workers’ safety Provide vehicle for off-site Contractor Contractor/ 15,000 transportation workers’ which is duly LGU disinfected before and after use.
Observe social distancing. Delivery of Health and safety All materials and equipment Contractor Contractor/ 15,000 supplies and delivery and disposal shall be LGU materials conducted by a specific team of
55 personnel on an isolated loading/unloading zone
Limit contact with the delivery/disposal personnel.
Disinfect all materials and/or equipment entering the construction site. Visitors’ visit Health and safety Restrict non-essential Contractor Contractor/ 5,000 and mass personnel, visitors, and the LGU gatherings public to enter the construction site, workers’ quarters and field offices.
Properly log and check for symptoms all personnel entering the construction site premises on a temporary basis (e.g. Delivery truck drivers, inspectors, etc.).
Prohibit gatherings, liquors, and/or merry – making within the construction site premises. Waste disposal Health and safety Provide/Designate proper waste Contractor Contractor/ 10,000 disposal for infectious waste LGU such as PPEs and other waste products coming from outside the construction premises. Coordinate to the Barangay LGU for collection and disposal
X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion
The IEE presents the environmental profile of the subproject and screened them to assess the potential social and environmental impacts. The IEE reveals that no major negative environmental as well as social impacts are likely to occur due to the construction activities except for some localize and temporary obstruction due to the civil works activities but normal operation will immediately commenced after the proposed improvement. Furthermore, strict implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during construction and operation phases will definitely minimize the impacts, appropriate remedial measures will be applied to this end. To ensure that this mitigation measures and remedies are implemented and observed, the measures will be included in the civil works of the subproject.
Rural infrastructures like footpath rehabilitation are vital structures needed to spur socioeconomic development in Tanudan, Kalinga with full potentials and opportunities owing to its varied development zones and natural resources. Thus, the rehabilitation of Ga-ang footpath subproject is an essential for uplifting the quality of life of the people through and by providing safe and accessible footpath. It will also increase economic opportunities, supporting the economic development of the barangay and eventually the entire municipality.
B. Recommendation
The end goal of the proposed rehabilitation of Ga-ang Footpath is to uplift the socioeconomic lifestyle of the people in the community through the provision of a safe and accessible footpath. It aims to provide ease of mobility to students, senior citizens, women, IPs and farmers, which eventually decrease travel time to and from Ga-ang to sitio Pugo or vice versa, it generates saving on decrease cost of manual hauling in transporting agricultural
56 commodities, and it increases profit of farmers through provisions of various livelihood and encouraged intensive and competitive farming activities that maximize agricultural potential of the production area thereby reducing if not eliminating poverty incidence in the community.
Based on the assessment, the subproject variation of works will have beneficial impacts over minor negative impacts based on physical, financial, environmental, and social considerations. The proposed rehabilitation of Ga-ang Footpath being the main foot trail within the vast Ga-ang rice fields will surely boost the agri-economic activities within the influence area. With the subproject, socio-economic services as well as livelihood can be foreseen to benefit the community. Hence, the approval and implementation of the subproject variation of works is recommended for funding under the INREMP.
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APPENDIXES
58 Appendix 1. A Copy the CNC of the Subproject
59 Appendix 2. Maps: Lay-out Map, Vicinity Map, Location Map
60
61
62 Appendix 3. Variation Order Approved Scope of Work
63
64 Appendix 4. Cross Section Detail of the Proposed Variation of Works
65
66 Appendix 5. Post Activity Report and the Validation of the Proposed Subproject
67
68 Appendix 6. Minutes and Attendance of Public Consultation
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70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77 Appendix 7. Minutes, Attendance and Photo Documentation of the Barangay Orientation conducted on October 18, 2018
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79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
Appendix 8. Barangay Resolution Endorsing the Subproject
88
Appendix 9. SB Resolution Accepting and Supporting the Subproject
89
90 Appendix 10. Grievance Intake Form
91
92
93
Appendix 11. Sample Workers Logbook
94 Appendix 12. Daily COVD-19 Surveillance Fill-Up/Checklist Form
95