Initial Environmental Examination

Project No: 41220-013 November 2020

PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project

Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System, Upper Lubo, Tanudan, Kalinga

Prepared by the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga for the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Asian Development Bank.

ii This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

ii CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 13 November 2020) The date of the currency equivalents must be within 2 months from the date on the cover. Currency unit = peso (PhP) PhP 1.00 = $ 0.02071 $1.00 = PhP 48.2656

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank BDC Barangay Development Council BUB bottom-up budgeting CIS communal irrigation system COVID corona virus disease CNC certificate of non-coverage CSC construction supervision consultant CSO Civil Society Organization DA Department of Agriculture DED detailed engineering design DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DOLE Department of Labor and Employment DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development ECA environmentally critical area ECC environmental compliance certificate ECP environmentally critical project EIA environmental impact assessment EMB environmental management bureau ESS environmental safeguards specialist GAD gender and development IATF Inter-Agency Task Force IEE initial environmental examination INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project IP indigenous people IROW infrastructure right of way LGU Local Government Unit LPRAT Local Poverty Reduction Action Team MDC Municipal Development Council NECA non-environmental critical area NECP non-environmental critical project NIA National Irrigation Administration NPCO National Project Coordinating Office NRIMP National Road Improvement And Management Program NRM natural resources management OCM Overhead, Contingencies and Miscellaneous PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration PDR project description report PMIC project management implementation consultant PPMO Provincial Project Management Office PMO Project Management Office PMU Project Management Unit POs peoples’ organizations PSA Philippine Statistics Authority PWD persons with disability RC reinforced concrete

iii RCPC reinforced concrete pipe culvert RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Offices REA rapid environmental assessment ROW right of way SB sangguniang bayan SBD standard bidding document SEMS social and environmental management systems SPMU Sub-Project Management Unit SPS safeguard policy statement SSS social safeguard specialist TA technical assistance TDS total dissolved solids ToR terms of reference TSP total suspended particulates WMA Watershed Management Area WMC Watershed Management Council WMPCO Watershed Management and Project Coordination Offices

iv WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

˚C – degree centigrade ha – Hectare km – kilometer m – meter m asl – meter above sea level mm – Millimetre mg/L – milligram per liter mg/Nm3 – milligram per normal cubic meter ppt – parts per thousand μg/Nm3 – microgram per normal cubic meter µS/cm – microSiemens/cm % – Percent

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.

v TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 2 A. ADB Safeguard Policy ...... 2 B. National Laws ...... 3 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 5 A. Project Overview...... 5 B. Project Description...... 7 C. Design and Specification...... 10 D. Project Cost ...... 11 E. Project Duration and Schedule...... 12 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT ...... 12 A. Project Location...... 12 B. Physical Environmental Conditions ...... 13 1. Air quality...... 13 2. Noise and vibration...... 13 3. Climate ...... 13 4. Topography and soils...... 14 5. Water bodies...... 16 6. Underground water...... 17 7. Water quality...... 17 8. Flooding...... 18 9. Terrestrial flora and fauna...... 18 10. Aquatic flora and fauna ...... 18 11. Protected areas...... 19 C. Social Environmental Conditions...... 19 1. Land use...... 19 2. Nearest residential land ...... 20 3. Infrastructure...... 20 4. Agriculture and aquaculture ...... 20 5. Population...... 21 6. Ethnic minorities ...... 22 7. Livelihoods...... 23 8. Physical and cultural heritage ...... 23 9. Public health ...... 23 10. Traffic and transport characteristics...... 23 V. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SCREENING ...... 24 VI. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...... 27 A. Implementation Arrangement...... 27 B. Environmental Mitigation Plan ...... 28 C. Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 30 D. Environmental Compliance Monitoring...... 31 E. Monitoring and Reporting ...... 32 VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ACTIVITIES...... 33 A. Stakeholder Consultations ...... 33 B. Information Disclosure...... 35 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM...... 35 1. Grievance Among IPs...... 37 VII.HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN ...... 37 A. Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis ...... 37 1. Prior to Deployment ...... 39 2. During Deployment and Construction ...... 40 VIII. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 43

vi LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Summary of Applicable of Environmental Regulations ...... 4

Table 2: The Project Description of the Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System...... 7

Table 3: The Subproject Cost Estimates Including its Additional Works ...... 11

Table 4: Indicative Subproject Implementation Schedule ...... 12

Table 5: Existing Land Use of Tanudan, Kalinga...... 17

Table 6: 2017 Population per Sex per Sitios...... 22

Table 7: Number of Indigenous People by Tribal Groups...... 22

Table 8: Summary of potential environmental impacts resulting from the implementation of civil works...... 25

Table 9: Implementation Arrangements ...... 27

Table 10: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan...... 28

Table 11: Environmental Monitoring Plan of the Proposed Subproject...... 30

Table 12: Environmental Compliance Monitoring Plan ...... 31

Table 13: Description of activities conducted during public consultations...... 34

Table 14: Outcomes of public consultation to date ...... 34

Table 15: Future public consultation activities ...... 35

Table 16: IATF Protocols Related to the INREMP Rural Infrastructure Subprojects Implementation...... 38

Table 17: Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis...... 41

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Existing Conditions of Tadunan Communal Irrigation System from Intake, Irrigation Canal Waterways to Service Area ...... 6

Figure 2: Location and Design of Railing Additional Works ...... 7

Figure 3: Design and Specification of the Additional Woks...... 11

vii Figure 4: Location of the Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System...... 13

Figure 5: Monthly Climate Conditions in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga Province ...... 14

Figure 6: Elevation of the Proposed CIS Improvement Subproject ...... 15

Figure 7: Slope of the Proposed CIS Improvement Subproject...... 15

Figure 8: Distribution of Soil Series Types in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga ...... 16

Figure 9: Land Cover distribution in Kalinga...... 20

LIST OF APPENDIXES

Appendix 1:A Copy of the Conditional Water Permit of the Subproject...... 45

Appendix 2: Design and Specification of the Subproject Including Its Variation of Works.... 48

Appendix 3: Certification of No Trees to be Affected by the Subproject...... 51

Appendix 4: A Copy of the Certificate of Non-Coverage...... 52

Appendix 5: Minutes and Attendance of Public Consultation...... 53

Appendix 6: Photo Documentation of Public Consultation...... 61

Appendix 7: Post Activity report: Validation of Proposed Subproject ...... 64

Appendix 8: Minutes of Meeting, Attendance and Photo Documentation of Conducted Barangay Orientation on October 17, 2018 ...... 66

Appendix 9: SB Resolution Accepting and Supporting the Subproject ...... 77

Appendix 10: Barangay Resolution Endorsing the Subproject...... 79

Appendix 11: Executive Order Organizing the Subproject Management Unit ...... 80

Appendix 12: Watershed Management Council Endorsement...... 82

Appendix 13: Grievance Intake Form ...... 84

Appendix 14: Checklist on Environmental Screening and Categorization...... 87

Appendix 15: Workers Logbook ...... 96

Appendix 16: Daily COVID-19 Surveillance Fill-Up/Checklist Form...... 97

viii I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. This Initial Environmental Examination report of the subproject was already prepared and endorsed prior to the issuance of its no objection letter. The rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bakog Communal Irrigation System (CIS) in Upper Lubo downward to Lower Lubo in the Municipality of Tanudan, Province of Kalinga includes the improvement of an existing earth canal with an estimated length of 140 meters, wherein clearing, grubbing and structural excavation would be done to follow the planned 0.80 meter depth, 1 meter top width and 0.80 meter inner base width of the proposed CIS. The proponent of the project is the Local Government Unit of Tanudan, Kalinga assisted by the Department of Agriculture – Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project. The LGU of Tanudan has been implementing the subproject led by the Municipal Engineer’s Office.

2. The subproject aims to uplift the socio-economic condition of the community through the provision of an all- year-round surplus irrigation water. It also aims to increase the productivity and profit, encourage intensive and competitive rice farming and maximize agricultural potential of the production area after the irrigation improvement.

3. The subproject requested variation order is a 10.0% increase amounting to PhP 119,727.92. The estimated revised contract amount of the subproject is PhP 1,317,007.17 and with the agreed financing mix of 88% of the total subproject cost will be covered by the INREMP and the remaining 12% will be the equity counterpart of the LGU Tanudan. Additional days considering works within the critical path will be 22 calendar days with a revised contract duration of 82 calendar days.

4. The Subproject was categorized as Environmental Category B as it is located within the area traditionally occupied by cultural communities and this IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholder consultations, and review of other road project reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general environmental profile of Upper Lubo and includes an assessment of the potential environmental impacts during different subproject phases and formulation of corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the LGU of Tanudan with the cooperation of DA-INREMP, RPMO, PMU, WMCO and POs.

5. Major land use along the CIS project is agriculture. None of the sub- project CIS are located near or within ecologically sensitive areas.

6. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns considering that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing earth canal and are located within existing route of the irrigation canal. There will only be localized short term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.

7. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the Subproject. A public consultation at Barangay Upper Lubo confirmed that the improvement of Pongod Bawbao Bakog CIS is essential for economic development.

8. A grievance redress mechanism shall be established by the LGU of Tanudan to ensure that complaints of affected persons and other stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed.

1 9. The IEE includes an environmental management plan which details the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and environmental management capacity building. The LGU through its Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer will ensure that relevant EMP provisions which include environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the Subproject and responsibilities for implementation of mitigating measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring are included in the bid and contract documents for detailed design, project supervision and civil works. The EMP is included as Annex I in the Bid Docs of the proposed CIS rehabilitation. During construction, they will closely monitor the contractor’s environmental performance and over-all EMP implementation. Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by LGU to ADB and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for public disclosure.

10. The major positive impact of the project will be economic and surplus supply of irrigation water. The subproject will directly benefit people located in the barangay and its adjoining barangays of Babbanoy and Lower Lubo. Health risk to the communities and damage to the biological environment will be reduced due to canal improvement and soil erosion control measures.

11. Based on the findings of the environmental assessment it is concluded that the subproject will have minor environmental impacts during construction and operation. These impacts will be adequately managed by implementing the mitigation measures indicated in the EMP and continuous monitoring.

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. ADB Safeguard Policy

12. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in the SPS, 2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, loans involving financial intermediaries, and private sector loans.

13. Again, the nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project; the sensitivity, scale, nature, and magnitude of its potential impacts; and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts, and are assigned to one of the following four categories:

• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required. • Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for category A projects. Impacts are site- specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination is required.

2 • Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still reviewed. • Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment have minimal or no adverse environmental risks. The FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and must comply with the environmental safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009 if the FI’s sub-projects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.

14. An EMP, which addresses the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental assessment, shall be prepared. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the project’s impact and risks.

15. ADB will post the following safeguard documents on its website so affected people, other stakeholders, and the general public can provide meaningful inputs into the project design and implementation:

(i) for Environmental Category A projects, a draft EIA report at least 120 days before Board consideration; (ii) final or updated EIA and/or IEE upon receipt; and (iii) environmental monitoring reports submitted by the project management unit (PMU) during project implementation upon receipt.

B. National Laws

16. The policy, legal, and administrative frameworks relevant to the environmental assessment of water supply and sanitation projects in the Republic of the Philippines have long been established by the following laws and regulations: (i) Presidential Decree (PD) 198 - Provincial Water Utilities Act of 1973, (ii) PD 1586 - Establishing the Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System, (iii) Republic Act No. 9275 - Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004, and (iv) PD 856 - Code on Sanitation of the Philippines. The frameworks apply to the INREMP sub-project.

17. The environmental assessment requirement is covered by PD 1586 (establishing the Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System [PEISS]) with its implementing rules and regulations issued under Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Administrative Order No. 30 series of 2003 (DAO 03-30). The PEISS requires the project proponent to obtain a Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) from the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) before an infrastructure project can be implemented. The Philippine environmental assessment system conforms to ADB’s environmental assessment requirements as revealed by ADB’s Special Evaluation Study on Environmental Safeguards (2006).

18. In addition to complying with the requirements of the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW) or DOH Administrative Order No. 2007-0012, any water systems are also covered by Republic Act No. 9275 (The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004). The implementing rules and regulations are issued under DENR Administrative Order No.10 series of 2005 (DAO 05-10). Standards for the discharge of all industrial and municipal wastewaters are defined in DENR Administrative Order No. 35 series of 1990 (The Revised Effluent

3 Regulations of 1990) which is based on the Philippine Pollution Control Decree of 1976 issued as PD 984.

19. The proponent of any Communal Irrigation Systems requires to apply and secure a water permit from the NWRB prior to its construction and operation. Further, the NWRB states that compliance under Sections 9 and10 of the Revised Water Code of the Philippines shall be within one (1) year.

20. A tree cutting permit will also need to be secured from the DENR regional and provincial offices following the FMB-DENR prescribed guidelines on tree cutting permit application if trees must be cut.

21. Table below presents the summary of environmental regulations and mandatory requirements for the proposed sub-project.

Table 1: Summary of Applicable of Environmental Regulations

Laws, Rules and Description/Salient Permit/Clearance Required for the Project Regulations Features Requires project proponents CNC for proposed An IEE Checklist Report is to secure CNC from the projects under the EIS required for water supply DENR before an system or Certificate of systems with six or less infrastructure project is Non-Coverage (CNC) for wells and other systems in constructed. DAO 03-30 proposed projects not order to secure an CNC. provides the implementing covered by the system. PD 1586 and its rules and regulations for PD implementing rules and 1586 and the Revised regulations Procedural Manual of DAO 03-30 integrates DENR policies to promote EIA as a planning and decision- making tool. DENR MC No. 2011-005 further streamlined the PEISS. Provides the policy and Requires Wastewater Not applicable Philippine Clean Water regulations for the Discharge Permit for Act of 2004 (RA 9275) and prevention, control and facilities that discharge its implementing rules and abatement of pollution in the regulated effluents regulations country’s water resources for sustainable development. Known as the Revised Compliance with the Not applicable Effluent Regulations of 1990, effluent standards is the DENR Administrative the order sets the effluent primary basis for Order No. 35, series of standards for discharge into issuance of Wastewater 1990 the receiving water bodies. Discharge Permit Establishes the principles for Water Permit and Permit The project does not appropriation, control and to Drill from the National include works such as Water Code of the conservation of water Water Resources Board drilling, thus not applicable Philippines (PD 1067) and resources in the country and (NWRB). its amended implementing defines the rights and A copy of the Conditional rules and regulations obligations of water users. Water Permit of the subproject is found in Appendix 1. Required by the DENR Permit to Cut is secured Not applicable. before cutting any tree in from the EMB-RO where Permit to Cut Trees both public and private the tree/s to be cut are properties. located

4 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. Project Overview

22. The INREMP, implemented by DENR with funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and Climate Change Fund (CCF), addresses the unsustainable watershed management in four (4) priority river basins: (i) the Chico Upper River Basin in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Northern Luzon; (ii) the Wahig–Inabanga River Basin on the island of Bohol in Region 7; (iii) the Lake Lanao River Basin in the province of Lanao del Sur in the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao; and (iv) the Bukidnon Upper River Basin in Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental provinces in Northern Mindanao (Region 10).

23. The INREMP has four (4) outputs namely: (i) River basin and watershed management and investment plans established; (ii) Smallholder and institutional investments in conservation increased and URB productivity enhanced in the forestry, agriculture and rural sectors; (iii) River basin and watershed management capacity and related governance mechanisms strengthened; and (iv) Project management and support services delivered.

24. Under Output 2, the LGU of Tanudan has proposed the rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bakog Communal Irrigation System in Upper Lubo downward to Lower Lubo. The municipality of Tanudan being an agricultural land area aligned its development plan in rehabilitating rural infrastructures that will elevate the living condition and the quality of life of the target community. One of the barangays identified is Barangay Mainit that has the most resident farmers. Its dire need to improve existing irrigation has been the barangay’s unanimous hope for more than a decade.

25. The rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bakog CIS in Upper Lubo downward to Lower Lubo includes the improvement of an existing earth canal with an estimated length of 140 meters, 0.80 meter depth, 1 meter top width, and 0.80 meter inner base width (Figure 1). As of October 2020, the subproject is almost 90% complete based on its approved schedule. The subproject has been implemented by contract with an estimated cost of Php 1.19 Million for 60 calendar days. However, the LGU of Tanudan has requested a variation order with the provision back filling at Station 0+100 to Station 0+270, and the installation of railings at Station 0+230 to Station 0+315. The variation order works will create stability of the completed canal lining and alongside slopes (Figure 2). A 50-meter railing along the CIS subproject is mainly designed for safety purposes. During the rainy season, water flowing through the CIS is turbulent and poses danger to the community, especially to students passing along the CIS structure.

26. The subproject requested variation order is a 10.0% increase amounting to PhP 119,727.92. Additional days considering works within the critical path will be 22 calendar days with a revised contract duration of 82 calendar days.

27. The service area of the subproject covers more than 12 hectares of its production area for rice, and vegetables.

28. Because of the insufficient flow of water, agricultural activity is limited. The farmers have less enthusiasm for farming and agroforestry business due to the deterioration of the existing irrigation brought by continuous rains and typhoons. Through the years, the LGU has made some repairs but it is not enough due to lack of funds.

29. Aiming to maximize the agricultural potential of the area, the community claims for the immediate rehabilitation CIS. This is the only economic potential which is foreseen to help end their poverty and advance for a better or best quality of life.

5 Figure 1: Existing Conditions of Tadunan Communal Irrigation System from Intake, Irrigation Canal Waterways to Service Area

6 Figure 2: Location and Design of Railing Additional Works

B. Project Description

30. Details of the project is described below.

Table 2: The Project Description of the Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System

DATA ITEM SUBPROJECT DATA GENERAL INFORMATION Subproject Name Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog CIS Subproject Type Communal Irrigation System Subproject Owner Barangay Upper Lubo, Tanudan, Kalinga Address of Subproject Owner Tanudan, Kalinga Name and Title of Head of Subproject Engr. Wilfred B. Andowag, MPDC Owner

Telephone, fax and email details of Sub- 09996963637 Project Owner

Name of Environmental Officer or MENRO Mr. Kelvin Magsilao

Telephone, fax and email details of PPMO 09476364332 Environmental Officer SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION (For upgrade projects complete the following information for the existing and future, upgraded infrastructure)

7 New project or rehabilitation project Rehabilitation Project Underground or surface water source Surface Water Source Identification of water source Gappu Creek

For irrigation subproject, is the water No available for domestic use also? Reservoir/dam inundation area and surface area None

Reservoir depth None Length and height of weir(s), if applicable None Number of water intakes and off-takes 2 units Length of new primary canals/pipelines None Length of new secondary canals/pipelines None Length of new tertiary canals/pipelines None Length of upgraded primary canals/pipelines 140 m

Length of upgraded secondary None canals/pipelines Length of upgraded tertiary canals/pipelines None Width and depth of primary canals 0.80 m/0.80 m Width and depth of secondary canals None Width and depth of tertiary canals None Diameter of primary pipelines None Diameter of secondary pipelines None Diameter of tertiary pipelines None Length and width of access road(s) None Number of spillways None CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES Construction commencement date August 2019 (month/year) Construction completion date (month/year) June 2020/ February 2020 (VO) Number of construction workers 9 Construction camps required (Yes/No) No Construction in wet season (Yes/No) Yes

List of the quantity and condition of Various hand tools construction equipment/vehicles Description of types and approximate Identified wastes include excavated excess volumes of solid wastes and disposal soil with an estimated volume of 7 cubic methods meters and the emptied cement bags during and after the rehabilitation. Disposal method will include the use of the excavated soil for backfill and the cement bags to be included in the solid waste management of the barangay.

8 The barangay participatory monitoring and evaluation team will also help in ensuring that no cement bags will be improperly disposed as part of their monitoring for environmental safeguards. Bio-degradable waste will only include the cleared grasses and shrubs with an estimated volume of only 1 m3. Composting will be done under the Barangay Solid Waste Management, monitored by the Barangay Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation Team and coordinated to the contractor. Composting will be done in a composting pit outside the community and it will not have any negative impact to the community or to the environment.

Cut / fill balance and management measures for Minimal cut or excavated materials can be used excess spoil to fill top banks

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES 0.20 m3 per second Capacity of CIS drainage canal (m3 of water) Capacity of subproject (households or 12 ha hectares) Water treatment processes, if any N/A Frequency of maintenance dredging / pipe N/A cleaning

Description of solid wastes and disposal No solid waste methods

RESETTLEMENT AND LAND ACQUISITION1 Number of Affected Persons (APs) None Number of severely affected Aps None Number of APs that must relocate None Total land area to be acquired (ha) Temporary =N/A Permanent = N/A Agricultural land area to be acquired (ha) Temporary = N/A Permanent = N/A Forestry land area to be acquired (ha) Temporary = N/A Permanent = N/A Aqua cultural land to be acquired (ha) Temporary = N/A Permanent = N/A Residential land to be acquired(ha) Temporary = N/A Permanent = N/A Garden land to be acquired (ha) Temporary = N/A Permanent = N/A Other land to be acquired (ha) Temporary = N/A Permanent = N/A SUBPROJECT COST Total subproject cost (Phil Peso and USD) Php 1,200,000.00

9 C. Design and Specification

31. The subproject - the rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog CIS, will have a total length of 140 meters with a design flooring width of 0.8 meter and thickness of 0.10 meter and siding height of 0.8 meter and 0.10 m thickness both side (Figure 3). The route will start at Pongod to Bawbao to Bacog station. Other details including its additional scope of works are shown in Appendix 2.

32. The construction works and specification of materials shall comply with engineering and construction standards set-forth by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) and the national building code of the Philippines. Materials as quantified and estimated are assumed to be available in the locality. Prevailing market price is used to achieve the approved agency estimate which subsequently will be used as basis for the anticipated evaluation of bids, since the construction of the subproject will be through National Competitive Bidding.

33. Specified hereunder are the items of works to wit:

 Marker and Billboard. Fabrication and installation of project billboard shall be strictly complied prior to start of project, and a permanent market after completion of the project.

 Clearing and Grubbing. This item shall consist of removing the grasses where the project has been located. There will be no trees to be affected during the construction since it is an existing irrigation that only requires rehabilitation.

10 Figure 3: Design and Specification of the Additional Woks

 Structural Excavation. Structure excavation shall be made to meet established design, grade, elevation or dimensions on plans. The contractor shall exercise extreme precautions and perform safety measures during the excavation. Any existing properties shall be suitably protected. If damaged by the contractor, property shall be repaired by him to the satisfaction of the owner.

 Backfill. Spreading of aggregate base coarse shall be made with conformity with the thickness and width as indicated on plan. Oversize materials, if present, shall be removed at the pit or stockpiled. To obtain uniformity, additional filler shall be added if found necessary. Immediately following the final spreading and smoothening, each layer shall be compacted to full width.

 Concrete Works. Concrete mixture shall be class ‘A’, 1:2:3 with a compressive strength of commensurate to the DPWH standards of compression and allow days of curing period. Mixing, placing, finishing and curing of concrete shall conform to the standard requirements of Structural Concrete.

 Form Works. Forms shall be formly in contact with the foundation and shall not deviate from the true line by more than one cm. at any point. Forms shall remain in place undisturbed for not less than 24 hours after concrete pouring. Forms to hold the concrete shall be built and set-in-place.

 RSB Works. In this item include cutting, bending and installation of steel bar and Fabrication of steel matting.

D. Project Cost

34. The subproject estimated and revised contract amount is PhP 1,317,007.17 which includes the costs for the indirect cost and taxes aside from the direct cost (composed of material + labor + equipment). The OCM (overhead, contingencies and miscellaneous) and Contractor’s Profit is 10% and 15% of the direct cost. Taxes will be in the fixed ratio of 5% as required by the national government. Other details are presented in Table 3.

35. Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 88% of the total subproject cost as presented will be covered by the INREMP and the remaining 12% will be borne by LGU Tanudan as cash equity counterpart.

36. The subproject fund will mainly focus on civil works, health and safety, and EMP will be part of the contractor’s responsibility during the subproject implementation. Environmental monitoring and/or management plan will include constant monitoring by DENR, DA-INREMP, MLGU and the Barangay Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation Team (BPMET). It shall be a joint effort of the above-mentioned agencies.

Table 3: The Subproject Cost Estimates Including its Additional Works

Approved Original Contract Variation Order Total Amount Qty Amount Revised Due to Description Amount Unit Qty Unit Cost Quantity Variation (PhP) Order Clearing and Grubbing sq m 230 142.66 32,811.80 230 32,811.80 Structural Excavation Hard Rock cu m 10 1,975.00 19,750.00 10 19,750.00 Common Earth cu m 15 589.88 8,848.20 15 8,848.20 Back Fill and Compaction cu m 16 570.63 9,130.08 16 9,130.08 Form Works bd ft 320 96.15 30,768.00 320 30,768.00

11 RSB Works kg 2,860.80 158.08 452,235.26 2,860.80 452,235.26 Concrete Works cu m 62.10 10,061.82 624,839.02 62.10 624,839.02 Permanent Project Marker lot 1.00 12,062.50 12,062.50 1.00 12,062.50 Project Billboard lot 1.00 6,834.38 6,834.38 1.00 6,834.38 Railings lm 50 119,727.92 119,727.92 TOTAL 1,197,279.25 1,317,007.17

E. Project Duration and Schedule

37. After the conduct of technical assistance to partner LGUs, the LGU- PMU started the preparation and completion of the SPD. The completed SPD was submitted to the RPMO for review and concurrence. Then, it was endorsed to ADB for the request of NOL which was released on the 1st quarter of 2020. During these stages, the DED is simultaneously being prepared by the LGU Engineering Unit and is expected to be final and complete on or before the time of the ADB NOL. The DED shall then be translated into a Bidding Document once the SPD is approved.

38. Procurement period may start on 2nd quarter of 2020 and shall take 10 to 12 weeks to comply with the ADB Procurement Guidelines, thus the Subproject is expected to be awarded within the 2nd quarter of 2020. Construction will take 60 calendar days. After the completion of construction works, the LGU will prepare the completion documents before the year ends and the turn-over ceremonies shall also take place at the same time. Other details are shown in Table 4.

Table 4: Indicative Subproject Implementation Schedule

Subproject Milestones 2019 2020 2021 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Ocular Inspection, Validation, Geo-tagging Community Consultation SPD Preparation DED Preparation SPD Review and Approval Procurement Stage Construction Stage Variation Order No. 1 preparation Additional Works Completion and Turn-over O&M Activity

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

A. Project Location

39. The project is located at Barangay Lower Lubo however it originates at Barangay Upper Lubo. Said barangay is one of the 16 barangays of Tanudan. It has a total land area of 1,053. 2 hectares classified into forest land, agricultural land, and residential land. It lies on the South central part of Tanudan and bounded on the north by Barangay Poblacion, south by Barangay Ga-ang, East by Barangay Pangol and on the West by barangays Upper Lubo and Babbanoy (Figure 4).

12 40. It is approximately 44 kilometers away from the provincial capital; 4 kilometers from Poblacion where the Municipal Hall is located. It is composed of three (3) sitios namely: Gallitang, Gawa-an and Gawayan.

B. Physical Environmental Conditions

1. Air quality

41. Secondary data of total suspended particles, particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide, which are common parameters for ambient air quality, are not available for the project site. Observations during site visit reveals that there is no evidence of high dust levels, odors or other air quality problems since the subproject is located along open forest and rice paddy fields.

2. Noise and vibration

42. The noise levels in the subproject areas are most likely do not exceed to the acceptable limits during all time zones. Noise levels are attributed to the fair weather, noise comes from crickets and insects, dogs barking and other animals around the project site.

Figure 4: Location of the Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System

3. Climate

43. Barangay Upper and Lower Lubo as they are equally situated experience the same weather condition and that is generally cold with a temperature of 19 to 24 degrees Celsius. Usually, the months of September to February are windy and the coldest are the months of December to February. The two barangay has two pronounced seasons. The rainy season

13 starts from the month of May and ends in October or November while the dry season starts in the month of December and ends in the month of April. Other details are shown in Figure 5.

4. Topography and soils

44. The topography of the municipality is characterized by small hills with rolling terrain on the eastern portion of the municipality, which means from level to gently rolling to moderately steep, and by interlocking mountain peaks with deep valleys and steep slopes on its western side, which means from moderately steep to very steep. Tanudan is within longitude 121° 25’ on the east and 121° 09’ on the west and within latitude 17° 09’ on the south and 17° 25’ on the north, and lies between elevations 130 to 1,996 meters above sea level (m asl).

45. The elevation of the proposed CIS rehabilitation alignment ranges from 450 m asl to 460 m asl with an average slope of 33%. Other details are shown in Figures 6 and 7.

Figure 5: Monthly Climate Conditions in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga Province

14 46. There are three (2) general types of soil in the area, namely: Annam sandy clay loam and undifferentiated mountain soil, the barangay has predominantly sandy loam texture with portions of silty soil. In particular, the proposed CIS improvement subproject is mostly Annam

15 sandy clay loam. This soil series is having underlain with poor drainage and by massive clay loam. Other details are shown on Figure 8.

47. The existing general land use of Tanudan, Kalinga is divided into 8 categories. Among them, imong or communal forest a combination of protected and production forest, has the largest percentage in terms of land use, followed by agriculture, the municipality’s primary source of income. On the other hand, the land use that has the smallest coverage are those under infrastructure and utilities which has 0.02% (Table 5).

5. Water bodies

48. The Upper Chico River Watershed is typical for a large watershed (39,612 ha) in the country. It is situated in the northern part of the Province which radiates to coordinate 17⁰05’00” latitude and 120⁰56’00” longitude. It is bounded on the north by the Municipality of Tubo, Abra, on the south by the Municipality of Banaue and Hungduan, Ifugao, northeast by the Municipality of Sadanga, Mountain Province, Southwest by the Municipality of Sabangan, Mountain Province and on the west by the Municipality of Sagada, Mountain, Province.

Figure 8: Distribution of Soil Series Types in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga

16 Table 5: Existing Land Use of Tanudan, Kalinga

% share to total Land use category Areas in hectares area Residential 50.83 0.14 Agriculture 16,952.37 47.76 Communal Imong (Communal Forest) 17,662.84 49.76 Institutional 25.41 0.07 Special Use Tourist spot 123.11 0.35 Infrastructure/Utilities Road 125.63 0.35 Foot Trails 5.97 0.02 Rivers/Creeks 484.66 1.37 Others Cemetery Sanitary Landfill Buffer 67.11 0.19 Total 35,497.91 100.00

49. Also, data generated through the CAR Regional Development Council (RDC)-TWG from the initial site assessment of the Chico River Basin divides the whole river basin into inherent sub-watersheds. A total of eight management units completes the division whereas the municipality of Tanudan is within the sub-watershed Barlig-Tanudan with a total area of 35,586 km2.

6. Underground water

50. In Upper Lubo CIS area, there is no underground river systems and water resources near the subproject. The only source of potable water supply is a developed and protected spring located at the foot of Mount Tubang and Uboor which served as a source for domestic use. Other uses of water such as for agriculture include irrigation system whereas it’s the water source is the Gappu Creek. The Pongod Bawbao Bacog CIS is already an existing irrigation with the Gappu Creek as its main source before it was proposed for rehabilitation. The existing irrigation, including its rehabilitation, will not compromise or have an adverse effect with the creek.

7. Water quality

51. The proposed Improvement of Pongod Bawbao Bakog CIS subproject is located within or near the community. The Gappu Creek is the source of the irrigation water. This creek is one of the tributaries of the Tanudan River. The Tanudan River is classified having a ‘Class A’ water pursuant to DENR Memorandum Circular No. 09, Series of 2001. The Class A is intended for sources of water supply that will require complete treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection) in order to meet the National Standards for Drinking Water. However, it was pointed out that the LGU of Tanudan has other sources of domestic water. Likewise, the Pongod-Bawbao-Bacog subproject is an existing irrigation with the Gappu Creek as its main source before it was proposed for rehabilitation. In addition, this CIS subproject from the point where it starts is approximately 215 meters away from the Gappu Creek.

17 52. In the absence of water quality assessment, Gappu Creek is considered not safe for drinking but a good source of water of the whole Lubo Rice Terraces. The Gappu Creek is a perennial creek with approximately 2 and a half meters wide and one foot in depth during dry season. During wet season, the depth of the creek increases up to 2 feet and can reach up to 3 feet in depth during extreme rainfall events.

8. Flooding

53. The communal irrigation system subproject and its additional scope of works is not susceptible to flooding. The irrigation alignment as well as service areas are located on a higher elevation. There are no flooding reported incidences in the area of the subproject.

9. Terrestrial flora and fauna

54. The subproject including its variation of works is located within the Lubo rice terraces near the community. The LGU of Tanudan, DA-RPMO and RPCO technical staff together with its consultants have evaluated that there are no trees at the easement and right of way and no endangered and critically endangered species of fauna within the proposed CIS improvement subproject during the field validation in March 14, 2018.

55. A joint validation with the Community Environment and Natural Resources Office, MLGU and DA-INREMP was conducted on January 17, 2019 whereas a certification of no trees to be affected based on the said validation was issued on February 8, 2019.

56. Although the community is surrounded with thick forest rich of flora same are not located within or near the subproject site hence the implementation of the project do not have any negative impact to the flora. The nearest forest is approximately 1.6 kilometers away from the proposed CIS.

57. A variety of fauna species like Northern Luzon Giant Cloud Rat and Philippine Dear are Vulnerable mammals according to list of threatened species (DAO 2004-15 and CITES) as of 2014. These mammals prefer living in the forest than showing themselves on open areas. Since the proposed project is far from the forest, this species will not be affected.

58. The proposed subproject is located within the old age irrigated and continually cultivated rice fields of Pongod Bawbao and Bakog in which there is no flora or fauna that are possibly affected or damaged. A certificate from the DENR-CENRO Kalinga is found in Appendix 3.

10. Aquatic flora and fauna

59. The river and creeks including small household fishpond are the community’s communal fish resources. Eels, crab, frogs, mutya, carpa, million fish and mudfish are the typical fishes found in the rivers and creeks. Anybody can catch for their home consumption and some make it as a livelihood catching and selling. Water contamination due to the use of insecticides is a contributory factor to the diminishing status of the original indigenous specie that naturally thrive for consumption. Illegal fishing through the use of improvise devices is another factor that destroys the living species in the rivers and creeks.

60. Some farmers are used to maintain small scale private fishponds for their own consumption. Tilapia is the common fish grown in their fishpond. The MLGU regularly distributes fingerlings from the Department of Agriculture. However due to the declining discharge of water irrigation water only few are interested in this activity.

18 61. No aquatic species found within the area as identified in the Philippine Red Book of endangered species. 11. Protected areas

62. The proposed improvement of communal irrigation system located in barangay Upper Lubo, Tanudan and is about 72 km away towards south direction of the Balbalasang-Balbalan and 39 km away from towards Mt. Binaratan or commonly known as the Silent Mountain of Tanudan.

63. A joint environmental safeguards validation (CENRO-DENR, DA and MLGU) was conducted on March 14, 2019 whereas it was found out that there will be no trees or shrubs to be affected by the Pongod Bawbao Bacog CIS rehabilitation. Evaluation was done through the following: 1) Engineering Designs and Geotagged Pictures that were shown to DENR CENRO Tabuk Environmental Officers 2) CENRO Environmental Officers checked whether endangered species or trees are within the affected footpath for rehabilitation indicated in the engineering designs 3) Results are indicated in the certification attached as Appendix 2. Using the IUCN Red List, of the Philippines no endangered and vulnerable species of flora and fauna will be affected since it is already an existing irrigation system.

C. Social Environmental Conditions

1. Land use

64. From its total combine land area of 1,658.5 hectares, about 1,359.97 or 82% are rolling hills and rugged terrain to moderately steep to very steep. This covers the forest reserve which is suited for tropical trees, mossy forest trees and grasses. Its agricultural land of 862.36 hectares is suited for highland commercial crops and temperate crops and trees while about 3.61 hectares is for residential area.

65. Out of the combine 694 hectares of forest reserve, an estimated 418 hectares is mainly used as watershed suited for wild bamboos, herbal tea, herbal medicines and others. Other portions are planted with cogon grasses. This forest reserve is a source of potable water supply for the community of Upper and Lower Lubo. The other areas are devoted to timberland and covered with pine forests and shrubs and the remaining area is open grassland which is used as a grazing land for the community and adjacent barangays.

66. The combine residential area which is about 3.61 ha which includes space occupied by schools, churches, and the barangay hall. Open spaces of the existing school compound are utilized as playground and are commonly used during inter school’s athletic meet.

67. The land cover distribution in Tanudan is shown in Figure 9. The proposed CIS alignment falls within the annual crop land cover type. The actual land use types along the subproject are mostly agricultural lands planted of highland rice called unoy or aerobic rice there are some vegetable such as, gabi, beans, corn, pepper, papaya, and legumes, root crops including cassava and camote and fruit crops as well is also present.

19 Figure 9: Land Cover distribution in Kalinga

2. Nearest residential land

68. The subproject proposal is situated in Upper Lubo and goes downward to Lower Lubo in the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga. Said barangays are also the nearest residential area to the proposed CIS rehabilitation.

69. For barangay Upper Lubo, it lies in between the Tanudan River on the East and is locked on the west by a wide rice fields which limits the expansion of settlement area. It is bounded on the south by barangay Ga-ang, on the north by barangays Babbanoy, on the east by barangay Lower Lubo and on the west by the municipality of Tinglayan, Kalinga.

70. Barangay Upper Lubo is located six (4) kilometres away from the Municipal Hall, It is subdivided into three sitios namely Gallitang, Gawayan and Dallog.

3. Infrastructure

71. The proposed subproject do not affect any electricity lines, roads, railways, telecommunications infrastructure, pipelines or other public infrastructure. Some of these infrastructures are not present while others are distant from existing irrigation canals.

4. Agriculture and aquaculture

20 72. Average household farm size for vegetable production is 230 square meters. Some households own 50-square meter garden lot. For rice fields, the average farm size of the rice farming households is less than one fourth hectares.

73. The barangay is one of the major vegetable producers in the municipality of Tanudan. Vegetables can be raised two (2) times a year in sites that have sufficient irrigation while once for most sites that are pure rain fed. Farmers practice the intercropping system producing different kind of vegetables in the same plot. Commercial vegetables are yet to be develop because of lack of access road to the market.

74. Indigenous crops are planted in small quantity and it is being planted generally once a year but can be twice a year depending on the climate and weather. Indigenous crops such as corn, sweet potato, and legumes are produced in small quantity and meant for home consumption but sometimes bartered for other goods.

75. These agricultural products are being hauled manually by farmers through “comboy” or manual hauling since farm to market roads and other access walkways are not passable especially during rainy season.

76. Aside from some backyards planted in the concept of agroforestry in the barangay, significant agroforestry plantation areas in the barangay are DENR NGP, CHARMP and INREMP agroforestry projects. Based on data gathered, there are ten (5) hectares NGP coffee/fruit tree and 8.7 hectares INREMP agroforestry subprojects in the area. The MLGU is also assisting the farmers in coffee rejuvenation for future production as an additional income generating activity.

77. Aside from some backyards planted in the concept of agroforestry in the barangay, significant agroforestry plantation areas in the barangay are DENR NGP, CHARMP and INREMP agroforestry projects. Based on data gathered, there are ten (5) hectares NGP coffee/fruit tree and 8.7 hectares INREMP agroforestry subprojects in the area. The MLGU is also assisting the farmers in coffee rejuvenation for future production as an additional income generating activity.

5. Population

78. Based on secondary data gathered, Barangay Upper and Lower Lubo has a combined total population of 1,198 for 2015 while 1,255 for 2017. Comparing the population within the span of 2 years, there is an increase of at least 57 people equivalent to 4.5%. The density ratio is 0.7:1 which translates to 0.7 or say 1 person occupying a hectare.

79. Of the total population which is 1,255 for 2017, 634 are males while 591 are females. Likewise, it is composed of 214 households and 312 families. This total population are distributed in the 2 barangays earlier mentioned. Hereunder is the breakdown of 2017 population per sitio.

21 Table 6: 2017 Population per Sex per Sitios

Sitio Male Female Total Population Gallitang 84 188 272 Gawayan 57 165 222 Dallog 86 174 260 Total 227 527 754

6. Ethnic minorities

80. The IPs in barangay Upper Lubo belong to three different ethnic groups namely Gallitang, Dallog and Gawayan. The distribution of the population per ethnic group is shown below.

Table 7: Number of Indigenous People by Tribal Groups

Barangay Ga-ang Tribal Group Population Ethnic Group M F Total % Distribution Gallitang 84 188 272 36 Gawayan 57 165 222 29 Dallog 86 174 260 35

Total 227 527 754 100

81. The IPs in barangay Upper Lubo greatly value family and kinship. This makes the household, extended household of relatives or of the kinship circle, and territorial region significant units of the barangay and even the Kalinga society. In terms of their celebrations, they incorporate traditional dance and music as a form of thanksgiving and cultural preservationMajor dances include tayaw, pattong, takik, a wedding dance, and balangbang. The tayaw is a community dance that is usually done in weddings. Pattong, also a community dance.

82. The IPs in Tanudan also have cultural practices in terms of farming or in the agricultural aspect. They have what they call the “uma” which has been practiced and believed by the people of Tanudan as one of the farming systems that brings life and sustains life. As compared to the “pappayaw” which is the wet farmland, the “uma” is distinguished as the upland rice farm. Other cultural practices in Tanudan are being practiced during the land preparation, transplanting and harvesting of the “unoy” rice. “Unoy” is a collective name of the traditional rice varieties usually planted in the rice-field during the dry season. Its varieties include the tawaki, bangod, dumaligan and dulpog planted in the kaingin and the dumaligan which is planted in the payaw.

22 7. Livelihoods

83. The major source of livelihood in the barangay is the farming sector, rice is the staple food, followed by root crops and other commodities. Some engage in small business enterprise and few are in government service.

84. Since the income of most households comes from the agricultural livelihood in the area, it is expected that the income per household will increase in the following years due to the increase in demand of agricultural products and other crops. Again, the barangay is one of the major vegetable producers in the municipality of Tanudan. Vegetables can be raised two (2) times a year in sites that have sufficient irrigation while once for most sites that are pure rain fed.

85. The subproject will also contribute to the increase of family income most especially because most of the population or the inhabitants were employed in the agricultural workforce. Agricultural potential of the production area will also be maximized thereby contributing to the economic situation of the barangay and municipality.

86. Among the livelihood activity of some of the barangay constituents is livestock production such as carabao, cattle, chicken, duck, dog and swine. Based on the livestock survey of the Office of Municipal Agriculture (OMA) in 2017, there are 31 carabaos, 35 cattle, 7658 chicken, 32 ducks, 7 goats, 123 dogs and 229 swine livestock present in the barangay. There are 16 sari-sari stores and 4 rice mills.

8. Physical and cultural heritage

87. There is no physical and cultural heritage in the surrounding areas of the proposed rehabilitation of Pongod BAwbao Bacog CIS.

9. Public health

88. The barangay at present maintains a barangay hall with a separate the health center. There are three (3) barangay health workers (BHWs) and one (1) midwives. Two (2) is a barangay nutrition (BNS) and another is rural health unit (RHU) midwife servicing the barangay.

89. The health programs implemented in the barangay include the maternal care, child care, environmental sanitations, comprehensive nutrition, TB control, leprosy control, and health education.

90. In cases of illnesses that are beyond the capability of this barangay facility, the services of the Municipal Health Office (MHO), Rural Health Unit (RHU) and Tanudan Municipal District Hospital (TMDH) are sought. TMDH is four kilometres away from the barangay while MHO and RHU are located fifteen (15) kilometers away from the barangay.

91. On the survey conducted by BHWs of MHO, the leading causes of death are pneumonia, cancer, and hypertension. Other causes of death aside from sickness are unprecedented accident.

10. Traffic and transport characteristics

92. Barangay Upper Lubo is not yet reach by vehicular transport. People from Upper Lubo going to the capital town of Tabuk will hike less than an hour to reach the road end at Tatakkan. As a sign to welcome development, the community offered their lands for road opening, thus, the ongoing Tatakkan Dumanay Lubo Access Road which was earlier started.

23 93. In the agriculture production areas, some farmers utilize carabao as wheel to carry their produce up to the nearest passable road

V. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SCREENING

94. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing CIS and are located within existing irrigation canal. There will only be localized temporary impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan. These construction related impacts can be mitigated by 1) the contractors’ work practices, especially those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard safety requirements; 2) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractor in terms of use of public space and utilities; 3) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct construction practices and standards; 4) the incorporation of the mitigation measures identified in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and 5) close monitoring of the contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures.

95. The potential environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are expected to be minor and likely temporary since the improvement works will not involve alignment adjustments or used of any heavy equipment as shown in table below. Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan.

96. During operation, the project is expected to benefit the environment and socio- economic conditions of the subproject areas through increase in agricultural productions particularly vegetable and rice, improved delivery of all year round irrigation water, encourage farmers to engage in intensive rice field farming and increase in different livelihood thus promoting the community’s economic development which eventually leads to the reduction and finally elimination of poverty in the community.

97. Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre- construction, construction and operation phases are described under Chapter VI. Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan.

98. A copy of the Certificate of Non-Coverage is found in Appendix 4.

24 Table 8: Summary of potential environmental impacts resulting from the implementation of civil works

Potential Impact Brief Description of Does the Is it Positive or Is it Minor or Temporary or Impact Location and Impact impact Negative? Significant Permanent Scale & Need for occur? Mitigation Pre-construction stage Effects on households from No Negative Minor Permanent loss of residential or agricultural/aquacultral land Construction Stage Erosion or sedimentation Yes Positive Minor Temporary During construction during dredging, clearing or erosion control earthworks measures will be installed like a sediment capture devices.

Construction of diversion drains to direct clean runoff away from disturbed areas.

Undertake progressive revegetation of cleared areas

Undertake dredging in wet season where practical when sediment loads are already high

Clearing will only include grasses with an estimated volume of only 2 m3. Composting will be done under the Barangay Solid Waste Management and monitored by the Barangay Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation Team. Composting will be done in a composting pit outside the community and it will not have any negative impact to the community or to the environment. Pollution of waterways, No Negative Minor Permanent aquatic environments or groundwater from waste, chemicals, or effluent. Changes to quality of water No Negative Minor Permanent due to changes in operation of salinity sluices of mobilization of ASS or contaminated sediments Clearing or resource No Negative Minor Permanent extraction from areas of sensitive vegetation Dust or exhaust emissions No Negative Minor Permanent from construction equipment Noise emissions from No Negative Minor Permanent construction equipment Increased flooding duration No Negative Minor Permanent or area Disruption to traffic or No Negative Minor Permanent property access Disruption to public No Negative Minor Permanent infrastructure such as telecommunication or electricity lines

25 Potential Impact Brief Description of Does the Is it Positive or Is it Minor or Temporary or Impact Location and Impact impact Negative? Significant Permanent Scale & Need for occur? Mitigation Employment or livelihoods Yes Positive Significant Temporary Prioritization of local benefits from employment of people for employment local people Yes Positive Minor Temporary Select only qualified or Social impacts from influx of skilled labor to reduce construction workers influx of migrants Effects on nearby heritage No Negative Minor Permanent items such as graves, pagodas etc. Risks to public or No Negative Minor Permanent construction worker health and safety Generation of spoil/dredge Yes Positive Minor Permanent material that can be reused Causes waste disposal No Negative Minor Permanent problems from solid waste generated during construction activity or municipal wastes generated in construction camps Water quality, air quality or No Negative Minor Permanent land use impacts from spoil/dredge disposal sites Operation stage Inundation of sensitive No Negative Minor Permanent vegetation from filling and operation of reservoir / dam, including upstream or downstream inundation Overexploitation of surface or No Negative Minor Permanent groundwater resources including changes to availability of water for other users and/or conflicts in water use Changes to quality of water No Negative Minor Permanent due to changes in operation of salinity sluices of mobilization of ASS or contaminated sediments Extraction of water from No Negative Minor Permanent ecologically sensitive water bodies and/or water bodies located in protected areas Changes to living conditions No Negative Minor Permanent and public health from clean water supply Yes Positive Significant Permanent Organize irrigation Improved productivity from association for improved availability of monitoring and irrigation water maintenance of the CIS Changes in land use from No Negative Minor Permanent conversion to agricultural land use Leaching of nutrients from No Negative Minor Permanent soils or salinization of soils due to over-irrigation Erosion or scouring of No Negative Minor Permanent streams or canals or application of irrigation water on sloped lands Blockage of distribution No Negative Minor Permanent canals or pipelines causing flooding Risks from natural disasters Yes Positive Minor Temporary Periodic monitoring and maintenance of the CIS Deterioration of water quality No Negative Minor Permanent from increased application of fertilizers or pesticides or use of water treatment chemicals

26 Potential Impact Brief Description of Does the Is it Positive or Is it Minor or Temporary or Impact Location and Impact impact Negative? Significant Permanent Scale & Need for occur? Mitigation Risks to public health and No Negative Minor Permanent safety including those from poor quality domestic water Effects on employment or Yes Positive Significant Temporary Prioritization of local livelihoods people for employment Impacts on ethnic minorities Yes Positive Significant Temporary Provide local employment Solid or liquid waste No Negative Minor Permanent generation

VI. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Implementation Arrangement

99. Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP are presented in Table 9.

Table 9: Implementation Arrangements

Organization Roles and Responsibilities Subproject Preparation Subproject Implementation Subproject Operation LGU MPDO Approval of INREM subproject in Monitoring implementation of Monitoring implementation of (Tanudan) accordance with government EMP through their own internal EMP through their own legislative requirements monitoring system internal monitoring system

Prepare the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) DA-INREMP Provide advice to PPMO Provide advice to PPMO Provide advice to PPMO Safeguards Officer on IEE Safeguards Officer on EMP Safeguards Officer on EMP preparation implementation during implementation during first construction year of operation Assist in the preparation of the IEE and in the completion of other Monitor progress during Monitor progress during support documents construction first year of operation

Consolidate PPMO environmental reporting ADB Review the social and environmental Conduct site visits to assess considerations of the subproject; status of EMP implementation issues NOL as per DA-INREMP and overall environmental approved guideline and ADB performance of the Project; requirements monitors implementation of agreed corrective action plans Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website new or updated IEE Review environmental (if any) prepared by the executing monitoring reports submitted agency during project by the executing agency to implementation ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed and publicly disclose the monitoring report on ADB’s website

TA-PMIC Review IEE report and endorsed to Review monitoring reports ADB for clearance. NPCO Provide guidance and fund allocation Assist to the monitoring implementation of the EMP

Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports of the subproject.

27 RPCO; PENRO; Provide advice and guidance on Monitoring implementation of Monitoring implementation of CENRO environmental issues as required EMP through their own internal EMP through their own during subproject preparation monitoring system internal monitoring system PPMO Ensure staff are adequately trained Responsibility for EMP Responsibility for EMP in environmental issues implementation during pre- implementation during first construction and construction year of operation

Ensure that contract Undertake inspections and specifications and bid monitoring of environmental documents include issues during first year of environmental requirements operation

Undertake inspections and Assist project owners to monitoring of environmental incorporate environmental issues during construction requirements into infrastructure O&M Coordinate environmental procedures monitoring reporting to NPCO Contractor None Follow detailed designs and environmental requirements of various activities.

Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations and EMP provisions.

Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP

Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to avoid, minimize and/or compensate for adverse impacts due to construction works and related activities performed by the contractor.

B. Environmental Mitigation Plan

100. Table 10 presents environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the Subproject. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.

Table 10: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Potential Impact Mitigation Measure Responsibility Cost Pre-construction stage Effects on No impact to residential land since the project site is far LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU households from loss from the community responsibility of residential or agricultural / aqua- For agricultural land, construction of diversion drains to cultural land direct clean runoff away from disturbed areas Construction Stage Erosion or Construct diversion drains to direct clean runoff away from Contractor; Part of the sedimentation disturbed areas LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s during dredging, INREMP responsibility clearing or Minimise size and duration of cleared areas earthworks Undertake progressive re-vegetation of cleared areas

28 Undertake dredging in wet season where practical when sediment loads are already high Pollution of Store chemicals in secure area, with concrete floor and Contractor; Part of the waterways, aquatic weatherproof roof LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s environments or INREMP responsibility groundwater from Ensure construction equipment and vehicles are waste, chemicals, or effluent maintained in good condition

Install sanitary toilets and washing facilities at construction camps Clearing or resource Minimize footprint of project and area of clearing Contractor; Part of the extraction from areas LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s of sensitive INREMP responsibility vegetation Dust or exhaust Minimise size and duration of cleared areas Contractor; Part of the emissions from LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s construction Cover all trucks carrying materials to or from the site INREMP responsibility equipment Ensure construction equipment and vehicles are maintained in good condition Noise emissions from Ensure construction equipment and vehicles are Contractor; Part of the construction maintained in good condition LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s equipment INREMP responsibility Provide workers with noise protection equipment Employment or Majority of workers will be local people Contractor; Part of the livelihoods benefits LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s from employment of INREMP responsibility local people Social impacts from Ensure construction camps are maintained in a clean and Contractor; Part of the influx of construction hygienic condition LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s workers INREMP responsibility Ensure construction camps are not located in close proximity to protected or ecologically sensitive areas and prohibit natural resource exploitation by construction workers

Implement HIV/AIDS and Trafficking Awareness and Prevention Campaign Risks to public or Provide safety equipment to construction workers and Contractor; Part of the construction worker train them in its use LGU/PPMO; DA- contractor’s health and safety INREMP responsibility Secure construction site and restrict access by local community Generation of Provide clean spoil to farmers for use in their fields LGU/PPMO/ Part of the spoil/dredge material Contractor contractor’s that can be reused responsibility Causes waste Install sanitary toilets and washing facilities at Contractors Part of the disposal problems construction camps contractor’s from solid waste responsibility generated during Collect waste and store in secure temporary storage area Contractor construction activity or before regular removal from site for disposal to landfill municipal wastes generated in construction camps Water quality, dust or Provide clean spoil to farmers for use in their fields Contractor Part of the land use contractor’s impacts from responsibility spoil/dredge disposal sites Operation Stage Overexploitation of Consult with local authorities and water users to LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s surface or understand patterns of water use and ensure equitable responsibility groundwater distribution of resources resources including changes to availability Develop regulations for irrigation and domestic water of water for other supply allocation users and/or conflicts in water use Limit off take to 5 m3/s Improved productivity Ensure off-takes from irrigation systems are suitable for LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s from improved surrounding farmers responsibility

29 availability of irrigation water Changes in land use Ensure subproject complies with province’s irrigation LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s from conversion to master-planning for development of new agricultural responsibility agricultural land use areas Blockage of pipes or Undertake regular program of inspection and LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s canals leading maintenance of infrastructure responsibility Risks to public health Implement education campaigns and enforcement LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s and safety including activities to avoid use of irrigation water for domestic responsibility those from poor purposes quality domestic water Install warning signage in areas where high flow conditions present a risk to public safety

Ensure water storage areas minimize areas of slow moving water, and are covered or treated to avoid mosquito breeding and other hazards Leaching of nutrients Coordinate with agricultural extension services to ensure LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s from soils or framers are trained in efficient irrigation responsibility salinisation of soils practices due to over- irrigation Deterioration of water Coordinate with agricultural extension services to ensure LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s quality from increased framers are trained in IPM practices responsibility application of fertilisers or pesticides or use of water treatment chemicals Risks from natural Ensure subproject design meets required engineering LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s disasters safety standards for floods, storms and other potential responsibility natural disasters Effects on Encourage employment of local people in maintenance LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s employment and works responsibility livelihoods Solid or liquid waste Remove all solid and liquid waste off site for treatment in LGU/PPMO Part of the LGU’s generation appropriate facilities responsibility

C. Environmental Monitoring Plan

101. Environmental effects monitoring is carried out to examine impacts of project in relation to ambient environmental conditions.

Table 11: Environmental Monitoring Plan of the Proposed Subproject

Mitigation Parameters Location Methods Frequency Responsibility Cost Measure Construction Stage Control of Sediment Water bodies Observation Weekly and LGU Monitoring water quality loads, oil or crossed by canals after large DA-INREMP funds will other visible rainfall be provided pollutants events by the proponent- Municipality , as part of their counterpart contribution Operation Stage Regulate the leaching of Existing communal Observation Monitoring to LGU Monitoring application of soil nutrients, irrigation canals be done funds will irrigation water change/degra during the be provided de soil operation by the characteristics stage every proponent- of farms, quarter Municipality induce , as part of scouring of their irrigation counterpart canals and contribution reduce downstream water supply

30 General Vegetation Gappu Creek Observation Monitoring to PPMO - LGU Monitoring condition of the within Gappu be done funds will subwatershed/ Creek during the be provided subproject operation by the stage every proponent- quarter Municipality , as part of their counterpart contribution

D. Environmental Compliance Monitoring

102. Table 12 presents the environmental compliance monitoring that is carried out to test compliance with operating procedures, technical standards and/or contractor specifications in the EMP. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the community at the barangay level, and ESS. The ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in preparing semi- annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring reports shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as corrective actions, if any.

103. The MLGU, BLGU and the contractor will be properly orientated regarding the EMP implementation. Social and environmental safeguards will be discussed during the pre-bidding and bidding conferences. Environmental safeguards will also be discussed during community consultations, training and seminars.

104. To further ensure that EMP will be implemented, it was agreed with the CENRO Tabuk that they will assist in the monitoring, in which a joint environmental validation was conducted and a certification of no trees to be affected was issued prior to the subproject implementation. Further, the monitoring of the EMP implementation will be done for the duration of the rehabilitation. It shall be a joint effort between the different partner agencies and offices.

Table 12: Environmental Compliance Monitoring Plan

Mitigation Parameters Location Methods Frequency Responsibility Cost Measure Construction Stage Erosion and Sign and Throughout Observation After heavy or DA-INREMP, NPCO, sediment evidence of construction extreme rainfall RPCO controls depth of site events scouring and sedimentation Materials Security and Throughout Observation Weekly Contractor storage cleanliness construction site Construction Noise and Throughout Observation Random Contractor equipment and exhaust construction vehicles generation; site covering of trucks; oil/fuel leaks Construction Cleanliness; All Observation Weekly Contractor warehouse waste disposal construction conditions facilities; general camps condition Vegetation Boundaries and Areas of Observation During clearing Contractor clearing size of sensitive works vegetation vegetation removal

31 Waste Site cleanliness Throughout Observation Weekly Contractor disposal and condition; construction temporary waste site storage area Operation Stage Volume and Monthly Proponent Use of irrigation Households in Observation frequency of use water for vicinity of and domestic use irrigation canals consultation Observation Monthly Proponent Condition of Proper Water storage water storage maintenance areas Monthly Proponent Protection of Presence of In populated Observation public safety signage and areas and measures to avoid consultation accidents Erosion or Installation of In unlined Observation Monthly Proponent scouring of erosion control sections canals measures Prevention of Canal bank Representative Observation Monthly Proponent slumping or maintenance locations in erosion of canal subproject banks Waste Site cleanliness; Throughout Observation Weekly Proponent management proper waste subproject disposal (e.g. area MRF) Conditions of Provisions under The Follow up To follow Proponent the Water Section 9 and 10 Subproject Permit location

E. Monitoring and Reporting

105. The DA-INREMP and NPCO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:

Environmental Monitoring Reports: Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by NPCO to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by the NPCO concerned staff, will provide the following information:  Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the project, including physical implementation progress of project activities, scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon);  Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations and requirements;  Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable;  Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring plan/program in the EMP;  Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or desired outcomes documented (e.g. environmental impacts avoided or minimized, etc.);  If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action plan;  Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities;

32  Summary of environmental mitigations implemented;  Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholders response;  Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required;  Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.

Project Completion Report: One (1) year after completion of the construction, the NPCO through its ESS shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include the overall environmental performance of the Subproject.

VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ACTIVITIES

A. Stakeholder Consultations

106. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the subproject. Consultations to include neighboring beneficiary barangays were conducted in support for the Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System.

107. Table 13 shows that description of activities conducted during public consultations. Outcomes of public consultation to date (Table 14) and future consultation activities (Table 15) are also presented in this report.

108. Other details of consultation activities are shown in Appendices 5-12.

109. During this consultation, the proponent and DA-INREMP have made presentation of the subproject describing the objective of the consultations, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. The results of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the proposed irrigation improvement will bring significant economic benefits to the barangays agricultural production. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which can be mitigated. No long term negative environmental impact assessed by the participants.

110. As a result of the consultation meetings, the barangay council expressed their acceptance and support to the project by executing a resolution endorsing the Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System.

111. The LGU of Tanudan expressly showed their interest in all the subprojects of INREMP starting from the pre-implementation phase up to implementation stage. This is manifested in their cooperation and participation during orientation, consultation, planning and training activities. A municipal resolution was issued endorsing DA-INREMP rural infrastructure Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog Communal Irrigation System. Support from the LGU further heightened with the endorsement and approval of the watershed management council.

33 Table 13: Description of activities conducted during public consultations

Consultation Method Details of Activities

Correspondence and meetings Date of correspondence with local authorities (LGUs and Barangay folks, Women’s Dates of meetings (if April 27 and October 17, 2018 Group, requested) Youth, and other on-site Minutes of meeting Yes stakeholders) attached (Yes / No) Newspaper notification or Date(s) of notice None public/radio announcement Name of newspaper N/A

Public meeting Date(s) held April 27 and October 17, 2018

Location(s) held April 27: Tanudan National High School October 17: Barangay Hall, Upper Lubo Invitees DENR,DA, Representatives from Tanudan MLGU & BLGU Methods of invitation Communication letter and Verbal Coordination Agenda attached Yes

Minutes of meeting YES attached (Yes / No) Number of attendees April 27: 67 October 17: 58

Table 14: Outcomes of public consultation to date

Description of Issue Required Follow-up Actions? Raised By Whom?

Benefits from the CIS The following are the responses of the participants rehabilitation expressed by when asked what benefits they’re expecting to gain on-site and off-site from the subproject: stakeholders  Year round supply of irrigation water  Increase yields of rice fields  Decrease in time consumed in irrigating the rice fields  Reduce possible erosion due to water scour during heavy rainfall Laborers preference Community member  Contractor must hire local laborers

Pre- construction phase Community member  No issues were identified in this phase issues The contractor embanking Community member  Minimal excavation, based on program of the excavated soil works and detailed engineering designs, must anywhere by the road. be monitored Concrete/ cement improper Community member  The contractor must provide a mixing board handling The contractor must provide alternate conveyance for irrigation water so as not disturb irrigation schedules. Positive effects of the Community member  Sanitation of irrigation water subproject to the Environment

34 Improper waste disposal on Community member  PO member suggested that maintenance the area as there will be activities should be regularly conducted. Canals increase of people passing should also be cleaned regularly and hiring of by local first must be strictly implemented so the community can also serve as the watchdog during the construction period.

Adverse effect of the Community member  No concerns were raised regarding tree cutting, subproject to the air and noise pollution, endangered species and Environment contamination of bodies of water being used for drinking purposes

Table 15: Future public consultation activities

Activity Participants Expected Outcomes Schedule Cost Estimate

Community General community Notification to general Throughout information by community about construction means of construction activities period loudspeaker and schedule, announcements, environmental TV/radio management announcements measures, and how to and/or newspaper use community notices complaints line Community General community Responses to concerns Throughout complaints line to be or questions about construction established by construction works period DPIU/PPMU Household Affected farmers Agreement on off take Detailed design consultation with locations and level of work farmers to identify off O&M contribution takes and O&M contributions during detailed design work

B. Information Disclosure

112. After study completion, the IEE documenting the mitigation measures and consultation process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website, DENR-FMB, the Municipality of Tanudan, Kalinga and the affected Barangay offices, the Provincial Environmental and Natural Resource Officer, and DENR regional office, which will make them available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through setting up a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the affected people. Field consultant in association with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

113. The Local Government Unit of Tanudan has properly conducted the consultations with the different stakeholders of the subproject site. However, it still has to make room for possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes arising from the communities in relation to the project implementation. Thus, it sets up a Grievance Redress Mechanism to provide a venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable level.

35 114. Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which may arise due to the project implementation, which are listed below:

a. CIS related grievances – This may include complaints from communities using the roads under repair or construction due to temporary obstruction, which may cause delay in travel time and other inconveniences ofthe travelling public. b. Construction related grievances – Community members may demand to be hired as part of the labor force in the project construction/implementation. This may also include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, and etc. c. Indigenous Peoples related grievances – may come from IPs residing within the influence areas concerned with potential effects to ecological and social resources of their area/abode.

115. If case grievances and disputes do arise, there are existing groups in the area which can be tapped to form part of the GRM. In fact, different active groups exist in the area such as the Barangay Development Council (BDC) with its Lupon which is mainly in-charge of settling disputes related to barangay administration.

116. The BDC then and the Punong Barangay will be the first people/group to be approached by the aggrieved party for any complaint. Both groups may then resolve the issues at their level. In case, either group cannot resolve the matters at their level, they shall make proper documentation of the case and submit the same to the Municipal Development Council (MDC). The MDC is composed of the different barangay chairman of the city, and they are mainly the policy-making body especially with regard to barangay affairs. Thus, the MDC will be the body to resolve the grievances endorsed to them by the BDC. In case, the MDC is not able to resolve the disputes, it will then be endorsed to the Sangguniang Pambayan, which shall the body to finally resolve the disputes.

117. The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the PPCO head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM officer of PPCO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix 13). The PPCO's GRM officer will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the aggrieved party.

118. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the following:

(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or in writing to the PPCO, and the PPCO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in filling-up the grievance intake form; (ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a GRC meeting; (iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the PPCO's GRM officer will provide the complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving the complaint. (iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be

36 called within 5 working days; (v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint; (vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the PPCO's GRM officer within 5 working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and (vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede the complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau, etc.)

119. The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints, disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB.

1. Grievance Among IPs

120. Giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievances will be handled following the procedure outlined below. In resolving disputes among the indigenous peoples, the determination or decision is usually reached through dialogue and consensus. There may be several conflict resolution sessions according to the specific tribe’s customary laws before the dispute may be resolve. Thus, there is no clear definite timeline on when the conflict or dispute should be settled at the level of the clan and the Council of Elders.

a. Dispute/grievance will be resolved first among the members of the clan; b. If the said grievance/dispute is not resolved at the clan level, this will be brought to the level of the Council of Elders (COE); and c. If still unresolved at the COE level, the said dispute/grievance will be submitted to the NCIP Regional Hearing Officer (RHO), for resolution, where the decision will be final and executory. The dispute/ grievance will be heard and adjudicated in accordance with the Rules on Pleadings, Practice and Procedures before the NCIP.

VII. HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN

A. Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis

121. Pursuant to Presidential Proclamation Nos. 922 and 929, Series of 2020 declaring a State of Public Health Emergency throughout the Philippines due to COVID-19 pandemic crisis and Calamity and the Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF) Omnibus Guidelines on the Implementation of Community Quarantine in the Philippines issued on 15 May 2020, the following construction safety guidelines, supplemental to the existing safety standards, shall be observed for all ongoing and future constructions of all subprojects under INREMP.

122. The IATF protocols in all URBs shall be followed and the minimum health standards prescribed by the Department of Health must be observed.1 Other details of the IATF protocols related to the INREMP rural infrastructure subprojects implementation is shown in Table 16.

1 Based on Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF) Omnibus Guidelines on the Implementation of Community Quarantine in the Philippines issued on 15 May 2020.

37 Table 16: IATF Protocols Related to the INREMP Rural Infrastructure Subprojects Implementation

IATF Category Related Protocols 1. Enhanced Community Quarantine As per DPWH Department Order No. 35, series 2020, in areas covered by ECQ, the following construction projects are only allowed:  Quarantine facilities and isolation facilities;  Facilities for health sectors dealing with the said abovementioned persons; and  Facilities for construction personnel who perform emergency works, flood control and other disaster risk reduction and rehabilitation works. 2. Modified Enhanced Community In addition to those allowed and enumerated construction Quarantine projects under Section 2 of the IATF guidelines, other essential and priority public and private construction projects shall be allowed, subject to compliance with the DPWH construction safety guidelines: Provided, however, that small scale-projects as defined and set by the DPWH shall not be allowed.

Minimum public health standards as prescribed by the DOH and such related protocols or guidelines issued by the appropriate government agencies for the ECQ shall be applied to the MECQ and shall be complied with at all times. Only persons from 21 to 59 years of age, without pre- existing health conditions, such as, but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID-19 shall be allowed to be included in the workforce. 3. General Community Quarantine All public and private construction projects shall be allowed, but with strict compliance to the issued construction safety guidelines for the implementation of infrastructure projects during the COVID-19 pandemic by the DPWH.2 Minimum public health standards shall be complied with at all times for the duration of the GCQ.

Only persons from 21 to 59 years of age, without pre- existing health conditions, such as, but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID-19 shall be allowed to be included in the workforce. 4. Modified General Community All public and private construction projects shall be allowed, Quarantine but with strict compliance to the issued construction safety guidelines for the implementation of infrastructure projects during the COVID-19 pandemic by the DPWH.

Minimum public health standards as prescribed by the DOH and such related protocols or guidelines issued by the appropriate government agencies for the GCQ shall be

2 The DPWH issued a Department Order No. 35, series 2020, related to the Construction Safety Guidelines for the Implementation of All DPWH Infrastructure Projects During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis.

38 applied to the MGCQ and shall be complied with at all times. 5. Post-Community Quarantine Areas where no community quarantine is in place can be considered as being under the new normal.

123. For INREMP rural infrastructure subprojects implementation, the following must be observed in accordance to the existing government guidelines and regulations. Other potential impacts and mitigating measures are presented in Table 17.

1. Prior to Deployment

a. Only persons from 21 to 59 years of age, without pre-existing health conditions, such as, but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID-19 shall be allowed to be included in the workforce. Other workers or consultants who are sixty (60) years of age or above may be part of the workforce for construction projects as may be allowed under GCQ and ECQ guidelines under Omnibus Guidelines on the Implementation of Community Quarantine in the Philippines (“OG”) dated 29 April 2020.

b. The concerned LGU shall issue construction quarantine pass (QP) to the individual qualified personnel of the contractors and suppliers, clearly stating the identification, designation, nature of work, validity and destination.

c. The contractors and suppliers shall provide for their personnel/workers the necessary welfare facilities such as workers’ quarters for board and lodging, ensuring compliance to social distancing, proper hygiene, etc. Contractors shall submit the design for the said welfare facilities, for monitoring, to the concerned LGU and the Regional Project Coordinating Office.

d. Contractors shall ensure that their subprojects are in compliance with DOLE Department Order No. 13 series of 1998.3 Contractors shall provide their personnel and workers continuous supply of vitamins, particularly vitamin C, other over – the – counter medicines, quarantine facilities, and oxygen tanks for emergency purposes.

e. Contractors shall provide disinfection facilities in their respective project sites in compliance with pertinent DOH and IATF Guidelines, to be placed at strategic locations to ensure the safety and welfare of all personnel.

f. Proper information dissemination regarding COVID-19 construction protocols on top of existing construction safety practices shall be conducted by the Safety Officer/s, to all personnel.

g. Personal records of all personnel necessary for contact tracing shall be submitted by the contractors and suppliers to the concerned LGU and the RPCO, and shall be resubmitted and updated monthly, or as the need arises. (See Appendix 15 – Worker’s Records Log Format).

3 DOLE Department Order No. 13, series of 1998 - Otherwise known as the Guidelines Governing Occupational Safety and Health in the Construction Industry

39 2. During Deployment and Construction

a. Conduct an inventory of works for the Construction sequencing to be followed and undertaken to uphold the required social distancing. Break times shall be conducted in a staggered manner.

b. Errands to be conducted outside the constructions site premises shall be kept to a minimum. Number of personnel running errands shall be limited and shall be properly disinfected and closely monitored for symptoms within fourteen (14) days upon re-entry.

c. Field offices, workers’ quarters, and other common areas shall be regularly maintained including the daily disinfection of such facilities.

d. Adequate food, safe/potable drinking water, disinfectants and hand soaps shall be made available by the contractors to its in – house personnel.

e. Daily monitoring of the pre and post work health conditions of workers shall be undertaken by the contractors including, but not limited to, temperature, health, and exposure monitoring, as preventive measures. Personnel with manifestations or symptoms related to COVID-19 shall be immediately isolated and quarantined for fourteen (14) days and if necessary, brought to the nearest DOH COVID-19 treatment facility under strict confidentiality and privacy.

f. A daily health monitoring report to be prepared by the Safety Officer shall be submitted to the concerned LGU and RPCO. (See Appendix 16 – Daily COVID- 19 Surveillance Fill-Up/Checklist Form)

g. Work activities shall be under daily strict monitoring by the Safety Officer at site to ensure compliance with safety standards and quarantine protocols.

h. The Safety Officer assigned at the site shall ensure strict compliance to DOLE DO13 series of 1998, and implementation of wearing additional Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) required such as, but not limited to, face masks, safety glasses/goggles, face shields, and long sleeves T-shirts, to contain the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace and implementation of social distancing measures provided herein.

i. For off-site workers’ quarters, transport service, duly disinfected before and after use, shall be provided, with social distancing observed.

j. Sharing of construction, and office equipment is discouraged. However, if necessary, the shared equipment must be disinfected in between transfers amongst personnel.

k. All material and equipment delivery and disposal shall be conducted by a specific team of personnel on an isolated loading/unloading zone while limiting contact with the delivery/disposal personnel. All materials and/or equipment entering the construction site shall be duly disinfected, as possible.

l. Non-essential personnel, visitors, and the public shall be restricted to enter the construction site, workers’ quarters, and field offices. Otherwise, all personnel entering the construction site premises on a temporary basis (e.g. Delivery truck drivers, inspectors, etc.) shall be properly logged and checked for symptoms.

40 Gatherings, Liquors, and/or merry – making are strictly prohibited within the construction site premises.

m. Clustered and staggered deployment of workers within the construction site shall be observed to minimize personnel contact and for easier contact tracing.

n. Proper waste disposal shall be provided for infectious waste such as PPEs and other waste products coming from outside the construction premises.

Table 17: Health and Safety Plan During the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis

Project Potential Impacts Mitigating/Enhancing Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Component/ Implementation Monitor Estimates Activity Pre-Deployment Hiring of Workers Vulnerability to Allow as workforce only Contractor Contractor/ COVID-19 persons from 21 to 59 years LGU of age, without pre-existing health conditions, such as, 30,000 but not limited to, immunodeficiency, comorbidities, or other health risks, including any person who resides with the aforementioned; and who did not come into contact with someone with COVID-19. Issuance of Accessibility to Issue construction quarantine Contractor Contractor/ Quarantine the construction pass (QP) to the individual LGU No Fee Pass site qualified personnel of the contractors and suppliers. Workers Provide personnel/workers the Contractor Contractor/ ‘welfare facilities necessary welfare facilities such LGU as workers’ quarters for board and lodging, ensuring compliance to social distancing, proper hygiene, etc. 5,000

Submit the design for the welfare facilities, for monitoring, to the concerned LGU and the Regional Project Coordinating Office. Occupational Health and safety Provide workers continuous Contractor Contractor/ Safety and of workers supply of vitamins, particularly LGU Health vitamin C, other over – the – 8,000 counter medicines, quarantine facilities, and oxygen tanks for emergency purposes. Construction of Health and safety Provide disinfection facilities in Contractor Contractor/ disinfection of workers their respective project sites in LGU 5,000 facilities compliance with pertinent DOH and IATF Guidelines Dissemination Information, Conduct proper information Contractor Contractor/ of COVID-19 Education dissemination regarding LGU construction Campaign COVID-19 construction No Fee protocols protocols on top of existing construction safety practices. Documentation For contact Submit personal records of all Contractor Contractor/ of all workers’ tracing personnel necessary for contact LGU No Cost records tracing During Deployment and Construction Inventory of Health and safety Conduct an inventory of works Contractor Contractor/ works, or of workers for the Construction LGU weekly work sequencing to be followed and plan 6,000

41 undertaken to uphold the required social distancing.

Break times shall be conducted in a staggered manner. Errands Security and Minimum errands outside the Contractor Contractor/ limitation safety constructions site premises LGU shall be observed. 8,000 Limit the number of personnel running errands.

Disinfect and closely monitored for symptoms within fourteen (14) days upon re-entry. Construction of Workers’ safety Regular maintenance including Contractor Contractor/ Field offices, the daily disinfection of such LGU and workers’ facilities. 9,000 quarters Provide food, safe/potable drinking water, disinfectants and hand soaps Daily monitoring Workers’ safety Undertake daily monitoring of Contractor Contractor/ of the pre and the workers’ the body LGU post work health temperature, health, and conditions of exposure monitoring, as workers preventive measures.

Isolate personnel with 7,000 manifestations or symptoms related to COVID-19 and quarantined for fourteen (14) days, if necessary.

Bring to the nearest health center with strict confidentiality and privacy. Onsite Workers’ safety Ensure strict compliance and Contractor Contractor/ construction implementation of wearing LGU activities additional PPEs required such as, but not limited to, face masks, safety glasses/googles, face shields, and long sleeves T-shirts, to contain the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace.

Implementation of social and 14,000 physical distancing.

Cluster the deployment of workers within the construction to minimize personnel contact and for easier contact tracing.

Disinfect equipment in between transfers amongst workers. Workers’ Workers’ safety Provide vehicle for off-site Contractor Contractor/ transportation workers’ which is duly LGU disinfected before and after use. 5,000

Observe social distancing. Delivery of Health and safety All materials and equipment Contractor Contractor/ supplies and delivery and disposal shall be LGU materials conducted by a specific team of personnel on an isolated loading/unloading zone 5,000

Limit contact with the delivery/disposal personnel.

Disinfect all materials and/or equipment entering the construction site.

42 Visitors’ visit Health and safety Restrict non-essential Contractor Contractor/ and mass personnel, visitors, and the LGU gatherings public to enter the construction site, workers’ quarters and field offices. 6,000

Properly log and check for symptoms all personnel entering the construction site premises on a temporary basis (e.g. Delivery truck drivers, inspectors, etc.).

Prohibit gatherings, liquors, and/or merry – making within the construction site premises. Waste disposal Health and safety Provide/Designate proper waste Contractor Contractor/ disposal for infectious waste LGU such as PPEs and other waste 5,000 products coming from outside the construction premises. Coordinate to the Barangay LGU for collection and disposal

VIII. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

A. Conclusion

124. The rehabilitation of Bawbao Bakog Communal Irrigation System subproject and its additional scope of works is being implemented by LGU Tanudan in the province of Kalinga.

125. An environmental assessment of the project has been carried and the main potential environmental impacts of the subproject during construction are:

 During construction the possibilities of soil erosion due excavation works, scouring and siltation along irrigation canal; and  The possibilities of soil and water contamination downstream of the working area due to usage of cements.

126. The main potential environmental impacts of the subproject during operation are: (i) soil erosion, scouring and siltation along the irrigation canal line can be avoided due to application of concrete canal lining; (ii) volume of water for irrigation increases; and (iii) rice production increases.

127. A range of mitigation and monitoring measures has been developed for the subproject, which includes the following activities: (i) the use mixing board to avoid scattering of cement, (ii) cement bags must be put in one place for disposal, and (iii) minimize excavation to avoid erosion.

128. Based on the findings of the environmental assessment and EMP contained in this report, it is concluded that the subproject will have no significant effects on the environment and it is recommended that no further environmental assessment is warranted.

43 APPENDIXES

44 Appendix 1:A Copy of the Conditional Water Permit of the Subproject

45 46 47 Appendix 2: Design and Specification of the Subproject Including Its Variation of Works

48 49 50 Appendix 3: Certification of No Trees to be Affected by the Subproject

51 Appendix 4: A Copy of the Certificate of Non-Coverage

52 Appendix 5: Minutes and Attendance of Public Consultation

53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Appendix 6: Photo Documentation of Public Consultation

Activity Program for Community Consultation of the Rehabilitation of Pongo BawBao, Bakog CIS and Rehabilitation of Ga-Ang Foot Path on April 27, 2018 at TNHS Campus, Tanudan, Kalinga Province.

(available upon request)

61 Appendix 7: Post Activity report: Validation of Proposed Subproject

64 65 Appendix 8: Minutes of Meeting, Attendance and Photo Documentation of Conducted Barangay Orientation on October 17, 2018

66 67 68 69 70 Attendance Sheet Province: Kalinga Municipality: Tanudan Barangay: Upper Lubo Activity: Barangay Orientation Date: October 17, 2018

(available upon request)

71 Photo documentation of the conducted barangay orientation on October 17, 2018.

(available upon request)

76 Appendix 9: SB Resolution Accepting and Supporting the Subproject

77 78 Appendix 10: Barangay Resolution Endorsing the Subproject

79 Appendix 11: Executive Order Organizing the Subproject Management Unit

80 81 Appendix 12: Watershed Management Council Endorsement

82 83 Appendix 13: Grievance Intake Form

Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog CIS,Upper Lubo, Tanudan, Kalinga

Project (Rehabilitation of Pongod Bawbao Bacog CIS) welcomes complaints, suggestions, comments and queries regarding the project implementation and its stakeholders. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback.

Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing "(CONFIDENTIAL)" above your name.

Thank you.

Contact Information

Name Gender □ Male

□ Female

Home Address Age

Phone No.

City/Province Email

Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below:

84 How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

Portion to be filled in by PPCO staff (designated Grievance Redress Mechanism Officer):

Date received:

Remarks

Signature of staff

85 Appendix 14: Checklist on Environmental Screening and Categorization

87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 Appendix 15: Workers Logbook

INREMP Rural Infrastructure Subproject

NAME OF THE IMPLEMENTING LGU

Name of Project: Improvement of Talifugo to Anag FMR

Location: Talifugo Conner Apayao

Contractor: CAMIA CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

WORKER’S RECORD LOG

No. Name Age Sex Address Mode of Contact No. Signature Transportati on

96 Appendix 16: Daily COVID-19 Surveillance Fill-Up/Checklist Form

97