DOCSLIB.ORG

The Iron Age in Northern Britain Britons and Romans, Natives and Settlers 2Nd Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Iron Age in Northern Britain Britons and Romans, Natives and Settlers 2Nd Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook THE IRON AGE IN NORTHERN BRITAIN BRITONS AND ROMANS, NATIVES AND SETTLERS 2ND EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK DW Harding | 9781138126312 | | | | | The Iron Age in Northern Britain Britons and Romans, Natives and Settlers 2nd edition PDF Book However, recent work suggests that their presence in Southeast Britain may have occurred due to a kind of political and social patronage that was paid by the northern Gaulish groups in exchange for obtaining aid from their British counterparts in their warfare with the Romans on the Continent. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets CSS enabled. In the past, the emigration of Belgic peoples to Southeast Britain has been cited as an explanation for their appearance in that region. The Corieltauvi combined groups of people living in what is today most of the East Midlands Lincolnshire. Harry Potter. They are a poorly known group which were made into their own civitas an administrative units or 'county' in the Roman Province. As well as people living in the Dales and hills, many people farmed the fertile land in Durham, Tyneside and Teeside. The Belgae and Atrebates share their names with tribes in France and Belgium, which together with Caesar's note that Diviciacus of the Suessiones had ruled territory in Britain suggest this part of the country may have been conquered and ruled from abroad. In Southeast Britain, meanwhile, extensive contact with the ' Belgic ' tribes of northern Gaul is evidenced by large numbers of imported Gallo-Belgic gold coins between the mid-2nd century BC and Caesar's conquest of Gaul in the 50s BC. Its administrative capital at Winchester was known as Venta Belgarum, which was an important settlement before the Roman Conquest. You can learn more about how we plus approved third parties use cookies and how to change your settings by visiting the Cookies notice. A people of the mountains and valleys, we know relatively little about how they lived. Show more Show less. All these tribes lived very different lifestyles than neighbouring peoples in other parts of Scotland. They were a small, but distinctive group of people who farmed the chalk hills of the Yorkshire Wolds. In Dorset the Durotriges seem to have had small inhumation cemeteries, sometimes with high status grave goods. There is no reason to think that this group shared any common ancestry with the group in Caithness. This article needs additional citations for verification. The Dubunni had a central or important settlement at Bagendon in Gloucester, on the eastern edge of their territory. At the time of the Roman Conquest people in this region wore swords carried in distinctive local metal scabbards that were highly decorated. There is also evidence for contacts and trade with Brittany with whom they shared similar styles of highly decorated pottery. The end of the Iron Age extends into the very early Roman Empire under the theory that Romanisation required sometime to take effect. The Catuvellauni were the tribe that lived in the modern counties of Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and southern Cambridgeshire. Atrebates This is another British tribe that shares a name with a tribe in pre-Roman France. The Venicones and Taexali also made offerings of prestigious decorated locally made metal objects in bogs and lakes, including massive bronze armlets. The ruler of the area was King Cogidubnus, who started the great palace at Fishbourne, outside Chichester, after the Conquest. After the conquest they were made into a civitas with their capital was at Durnovaria Dorchester in the mid's. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. From the late 2nd century BC onwards South-central Britain was indirectly linked into Roman trading networks via Brittany and the Atlantic seaways to southwest Gaul. Tacitus described them as red- haired and large-limbed. Centred in Dorset, this people were also found in southern parts of Wiltshire and Somerset and western Dorset. There were several other large settlements or clusters of villages in their territory, such as at Baldock and Welwyn. Further information: Celtic polytheism. Extensive field systems , now called Celtic fields , were being set out and settlements were becoming more permanent and focused on better exploitation of the land. Catuvellauni The Catuvellauni were the tribe that lived in the modern counties of Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and southern Cambridgeshire. The bodies were often mutilated and some human finds at the bottom of pits, such as those found at Danebury , may have had a ritual aspect. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Salterns , in which sea water was boiled to produce salt, are prevalent in the East Anglia fenlands. Attempts to understand the human behaviour of the period have traditionally focused on the geographic position of the islands and their landscape , along with the channels of influence coming from continental Europe. Votadini The Votadini were a very large tribe or people that lived in the south east of Scotland. Life styles and types of settlements remained little changed from the Iron Age through the Roman period. The tribe was incorporated into Britannia and became a civitas an administrative district. After the Roman Conquest, their territory was divided into three separate civitates, one such centre was at the major settlement at Silchester, near Reading. Another was a Roman geographer called Ptolemy who wrote a description of Britain, listing the names of the many British tribes. You can learn more about our use of cookies here. Save on Non-Fiction Books Trending price is based on prices over last 90 days. From about 15 BC, the Atrebates seem to have established friendly relations with Rome, and it was an appeal for help from the last Atrebatic king, Verica, which provided Claudius with the pretext for the invasion on Britain in AD The Iron Age in Northern Britain Britons and Romans, Natives and Settlers 2nd edition Writer No ratings or reviews yet. Centred in Dorset, this people were also found in southern parts of Wiltshire and Somerset and western Dorset. From about 15 BC, the Atrebates seem to have established friendly relations with Rome, and it was an appeal for help from the last Atrebatic king, Verica, which provided Claudius with the pretext for the invasion on Britain in AD The dates are the mid-points of Cunliffe's transitional lines. These are thought to indicate territorial borders and a desire to increase control over wide areas. Death in Iron Age Great Britain seems to have produced different behaviours in different regions. This section does not cite any sources. By the 8th century BC, there is increasing evidence of Great Britain becoming closely tied to continental Europe, especially in Britain's South and East. Other unknown tribes lived in Orkney, Shetland and the Hebrides. The following ethnic names were recorded in the second century A. The Atrebates had long links of trade with France and it is likely that people from the Atrebates were related by married to people from French tribes. AD 80 following the death of King Cogidubnus. The tribe was incorporated into the province of Britannia and became a civitas an administrative unit, or county, within the Roman province. Cornwall was one of the few parts of Britain where the dead were buried at this time. Essential We use cookies to provide our services , for example, to keep track of items stored in your shopping basket, prevent fraudulent activity, improve the security of our services, keep track of your specific preferences e. There were several other large settlements or clusters of villages in their territory, such as at Baldock and Welwyn. The capital of the civitas was the Roman city of Colchester, which was originally founded as colony for retired Roman soldiers. New weapon types appeared with clear parallels to those on the continent such as the Carp's tongue sword , complex examples of which are found all over Atlantic Europe. Their territory was south east Wales - the Brecon Beacons and south Welsh valleys. After this time, the territory of the Artebates was divided up into three civitas, with the Regni being the civitas centred on Chichester and administering West Sussex. Namespaces Article Talk. They share their name with a Caledonian tribe who lived in the far north of Scotland. The average life expectancy at birth would have been around 25, but at the age of five it would have been around Like the Venicones and Caledones , they lived beyond the northern most frontier of the Roman Empire; the Antonine Wall. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iron Age Britain. They probably lived in what are today the modern counties of Staffordshire, Shropshire and Cheshire. Iceni This was another tribe that issued coins before the Roman Conquest. Like the Catuvellauni and Trinovantes they buried their dead according to the north French custom of cremation. The Romans invaded and occupied the territory in AD The tribal name possibly means 'good in battle'. New material in this second edition also addresses the key issues of social reconstruction, gender, and identity, as well as assessing the impact of developer-funded archaeology on the discipline. South Asia — BC. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Their king Prasutagus became a client-king of Rome. Brand new: Lowest price The lowest-priced brand-new, unused, unopened, undamaged item in its original packaging where packaging is applicable. However, in other respects, the East Yorkshire Parisi lived in British style houses, wore British style ornaments and used British style pottery. August Learn how and when to remove this template message. London: Routledge; Creighton, J. We use cookies to improve this site Cookies are used to provide, analyse and improve our services; provide chat tools; and show you relevant content on advertising.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Colchester and Ipswich Museum Service Ancient Gold of the Iceni
    Colchester and Ipswich Museum Service Ancient gold of the Iceni found in Suffolk A morning’s metal detecting back in 2008 lead to the discovery of 840 Iron Age gold coins - the largest hoard of its type found in Britain in over 150 years. Now Colchester and Ipswich Museum Service has until the end of June to raise £300,000 to save this outstanding archaeological treasure for the nation and people of Suffolk. The coins were buried just over 2000 years ago by members of the Iceni tribe whose kingdom covered Norfolk, north Suffolk and parts of Cambridgeshire. The coins were buried about 40 years before queen Boudica led her famous revolt against the Romans. They offer an unparalleled glimpse into life on the eve of the Roman invasion and are part of the origins and long history of Suffolk communities. Whilst the museum gets down to the business of fundraising people will be able to have a sneak preview of 200 of the coins at Ipswich Museum from May 3 rd until June 10 th . The coins officially belong to the Crown until the museum has raised the money to buy them and they are on display with special permission from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Caroline McDonald, Curator of archaeology at the museum is particularly excited at their arrival. ‘Suffolk earth has revealed some of the nations most outstanding treasure finds in recent decades. The Amazing Anglo-Saxon ship burial at Sutton Hoo in 1939, the stunning silver Roman dinner service found at Mildenhall during World War II and more recently the Hoxne hoard of Roman coins and artefacts found in the 1990s.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Roman Yorkshire
    ROMAN YORKSHIRE: PEOPLE, CULTURE, LANDSCAPE By Patrick Ottaway. Published 2013 by The Blackthorn Press Chapter 1 Introduction to Roman Yorkshire ‘In the abundance and variety of its Roman antiquities, Yorkshire stands second to no other county’ Frank and Harriet Wragg Elgee (1933) The Yorkshire region A Roman army first entered what we now know as Yorkshire in about the year AD 48, according to the Roman author Cornelius Tacitus ( Annals XII, 32). This was some five years after the invasion of Britain itself ordered by the Emperor Claudius. The soldiers’ first task in the region was to assist in the suppression of a rebellion against a Roman ally, Queen Cartimandua of the Brigantes, a native people who occupied most of northern England. The Roman army returned to the north in about the years 51-2, once again to support Cartimandua who was, Tacitus tells us, now under attack by her former consort, a man named Venutius ( Annals XII, 40). In 69 a further dispute between Cartimandua and Venutius, for which Tacitus is again the (only) source, may have provided a pretext for the Roman army to begin the conquest of the whole of northern Britain ( Histories III, 45). England south of Hadrian’s Wall, including Yorkshire, was to remain part of the Roman Empire for about 340 years. The region which is the principal subject of this book is Yorkshire as it was defined before local government reorganisation in 1974. There was no political entity corresponding to the county in Roman times. It was, according to the second century Greek geographer Ptolemy, split between the Brigantes and the Parisi, a people who lived in what is now (after a brief period as Humberside) the East Riding.
    [Show full text]
  • The Perils of Periodization: Roman Ceramics in Britain After 400 CE KEITH J
    The Perils of Periodization: Roman Ceramics in Britain after 400 CE KEITH J. FITZPATRICK-MATTHEWS North Hertfordshire Museum [email protected] ROBIN FLEMING Boston College [email protected] Abstract: The post-Roman Britons of the fifth century are a good example of people invisible to archaeologists and historians, who have not recognized a distinctive material culture for them. We propose that this material does indeed exist, but has been wrongly characterized as ‘Late Roman’ or, worse, “Anglo-Saxon.” This pottery copied late-Roman forms, often poorly or in miniature, and these pots became increasingly odd over time; local production took over, often by poorly trained potters. Occasionally, potters made pots of “Anglo-Saxon” form using techniques inherited from Romano-British traditions. It is the effect of labeling the material “Anglo-Saxon” that has rendered it, its makers, and its users invisible. Key words: pottery, Romano-British, early medieval, fifth-century, sub-Roman Archaeologists rely on the well-dated, durable material culture of past populations to “see” them. When a society exists without such a mate- rial culture or when no artifacts are dateable to a period, its population effectively vanishes. This is what happens to the indigenous people of fifth-century, lowland Britain.1 Previously detectable through their build- ings, metalwork, coinage, and especially their ceramics, these people disappear from the archaeological record c. 400 CE. Historians, for their part, depend on texts to see people in the past. Unfortunately, the texts describing Britain in the fifth-century were largely written two, three, or even four hundred years after the fact.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Conquest, Occupation and Settlement of Wales AD 47–410
    no nonsense Roman Conquest, Occupation and Settlement of Wales AD 47–410 – interpretation ltd interpretation Contract number 1446 May 2011 no nonsense–interpretation ltd 27 Lyth Hill Road Bayston Hill Shrewsbury SY3 0EW www.nononsense-interpretation.co.uk Cadw would like to thank Richard Brewer, Research Keeper of Roman Archaeology, Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales, for his insight, help and support throughout the writing of this plan. Roman Conquest, Occupation and Settlement of Wales AD 47-410 Cadw 2011 no nonsense-interpretation ltd 2 Contents 1. Roman conquest, occupation and settlement of Wales AD 47410 .............................................. 5 1.1 Relationship to other plans under the HTP............................................................................. 5 1.2 Linking our Roman assets ....................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Sites not in Wales .................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Criteria for the selection of sites in this plan .......................................................................... 9 2. Why read this plan? ...................................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Aim what we want to achieve ........................................................................................... 10 2.2 Objectives.............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Very Rough Guide to the Main DNA Sources of the Counties of The
    A Very Rough Guide To the Main DNA Sources of the Counties of the British Isles (NB This only includes the major contributors - others will have had more limited input) TIMELINE (AD) ? - 43 43 - c410 c410 - 878 c878 - 1066 1066 -> c1086 1169 1283 -> c1289 1290 (limited) (limited) Normans (limited) Region Pre 1974 County Ancient Britons Romans Angles / Saxon / Jutes Norwegians Danes conq Engl inv Irel conq Wales Isle of Man ENGLAND Cornwall Dumnonii Saxon Norman Devon Dumnonii Saxon Norman Dorset Durotriges Saxon Norman Somerset Durotriges (S), Belgae (N) Saxon Norman South West South Wiltshire Belgae (S&W), Atrebates (N&E) Saxon Norman Gloucestershire Dobunni Saxon Norman Middlesex Catuvellauni Saxon Danes Norman Berkshire Atrebates Saxon Norman Hampshire Belgae (S), Atrebates (N) Saxon Norman Surrey Regnenses Saxon Norman Sussex Regnenses Saxon Norman Kent Canti Jute then Saxon Norman South East South Oxfordshire Dobunni (W), Catuvellauni (E) Angle Norman Buckinghamshire Catuvellauni Angle Danes Norman Bedfordshire Catuvellauni Angle Danes Norman Hertfordshire Catuvellauni Angle Danes Norman Essex Trinovantes Saxon Danes Norman Suffolk Trinovantes (S & mid), Iceni (N) Angle Danes Norman Norfolk Iceni Angle Danes Norman East Anglia East Cambridgeshire Catuvellauni Angle Danes Norman Huntingdonshire Catuvellauni Angle Danes Norman Northamptonshire Catuvellauni (S), Coritani (N) Angle Danes Norman Warwickshire Coritani (E), Cornovii (W) Angle Norman Worcestershire Dobunni (S), Cornovii (N) Angle Norman Herefordshire Dobunni (S), Cornovii
    [Show full text]
  • Middlewich Before the Romans
    MIDDLEWICH BEFORE THE ROMANS During the last few Centuries BC, the Middlewich area was within the northern territories of the Cornovii. The Cornovii were a Celtic tribe and their territories were extensive: they included Cheshire and Shropshire, the easternmost fringes of Flintshire and Denbighshire and parts of Staffordshire and Worcestershire. They were surrounded by the territories of other similar tribal peoples: to the North was the great tribal federation of the Brigantes, the Deceangli in North Wales, the Ordovices in Gwynedd, the Corieltauvi in Warwickshire and Leicestershire and the Dobunni to the South. We think of them as a single tribe but it is probable that they were under the control of a paramount Chieftain, who may have resided in or near the great hill‐fort of the Wrekin, near Shrewsbury. The minor Clans would have been dominated by a number of minor Chieftains in a loosely‐knit federation. There is evidence for Late Iron Age, pre‐Roman, occupation at Middlewich. This consists of traces of round‐ houses in the King Street area, occasional finds of such things as sword scabbard‐fittings, earthenware salt‐ containers and coins. Taken together with the paleo‐environmental data, which hint strongly at forest‐clearance and agriculture, it is possible to use this evidence to create a picture of Middlewich in the last hundred years or so before the Romans arrived. We may surmise that two things gave the locality importance; the salt brine‐springs and the crossing‐points on the Dane and Croco rivers. The brine was exploited in the general area of King Street, and some of this important commodity was traded far a‐field.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Migration: DNA Testing Companies Allow Us to Answer The
    We Scots Are All Immigrants – And Cousins to Boot! by John King Bellassai * [This article appears in abbreviated form in the current issue of Scots Heritage Magazine. It is reprinted here in its entirety with the permission of the editors of that publication.] America is a nation of immigrants. In fact, North America was uninhabited until incomers from Asia crossed a land bridge from Siberia to Alaska some 12,000 years ago—right after the last Ice Age—to eventually spread across the continent. In addition, recent evidence suggests that at about the same time, other incomers arrived in South America by boat from Polynesia and points in Southeast Asia, spreading up the west coast of the contingent. Which means the ancestors of everyone here in the Americas, everyone who has ever been here, came from somewhere else. Less well known is the fact that Britain, too, has been from the start a land of immigrants. In recent years geology, climatology, paleo-archaeology, and genetic population research have come together to demonstrate the hidden history of prehistoric Britain—something far different than what was traditionally believed and taught in schools. We now know that no peoples were indigenous to Britain. True, traces of humanoids there go back 800,000 years (the so-called Happisburg footprints), and modern humans (Cro-Magnon Man) did indeed inhabit Britain about 40,000 years ago. But we also now know that no one alive today in Britain descends from these people. Rather, during the last Ice Age, Britain, like the rest of Northern Europe, was uninhabited—and uninhabitable.
    [Show full text]
  • Galloway-Glens-All-Combined.Pdf
    000 600 000 590 000 580 000 570 000 560 000 550 KEY GGLP boundary Mesolithic sites 000 240000 250000 260000 270000 280000 540 Figure 4: Mesolithic elements of the historic environment Drawn by: O Lelong, 10.8.2017 ± Map scale @ A3: 1:175,000 000 600 000 590 000 580 000 570 000 560 KEY GGLP boundary Burnt mound 000 Cairn 550 Cup and ring marks Hut circle Standing stone Stone circle 000 240000 250000 260000 270000 280000 540 Figure 5: Neolithic to early BA elements of the historic environment Drawn by: O Lelong, 10.8.2017 ± Map scale @ A3: 1:175,000 000 600 000 590 000 580 000 570 000 560 000 550 KEY GGLP boundary Axehead, axe hammer (stone) Axehead, palstave, dirks etc (bronze) 000 240000 250000 260000 270000 280000 540 Figure 6: Find-spots of Bronze Age metalwork and battle axes Drawn by: O Lelong, 10.8.2017 ± Map scale @ A3: 1:175,000 000 600 000 590 000 580 000 570 000 560 KEY 000 GGLP boundary 550 Dun Fort Possible fort Settlement 000 240000 250000 260000 270000 280000 540 Figure 7: Late Bronze Age to Iron Age elements of the historic environment Drawn by: O Lelong, 10.8.2017 ± Map scale @ A3: 1:175,000 000 600 000 590 000 580 000 570 000 560 KEY 000 GGLP boundary 550 Enclosure Find-spot Fort annexe Temporary camp 000 240000 250000 260000 270000 280000 540 Figure 8: Roman elements of the historic environment Drawn by: O Lelong, 10.8.2017 ± Map scale @ A3: 1:175,000 000 600 000 590 000 580 000 570 000 560 KEY GGLP boundary Abbey 000 Castle or tower house 550 Church, chapel or cemetery Motte Settlement Well 000 240000 250000 260000 270000
    [Show full text]
  • RULES of PLAY COIN Series, Volume VIII by Marc Gouyon-Rety
    The Fall of Roman Britain RULES OF PLAY COIN Series, Volume VIII by Marc Gouyon-Rety T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S 1.0 Introduction ............................2 6.0 Epoch Rounds .........................18 2.0 Sequence of Play ........................6 7.0 Victory ...............................20 3.0 Commands .............................7 8.0 Non-Players ...........................21 4.0 Feats .................................14 Key Terms Index ...........................35 5.0 Events ................................17 Setup and Scenarios.. 37 © 2017 GMT Games LLC • P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232 • www.GMTGames.com 2 Pendragon ~ Rules of Play • 58 Stronghold “castles” (10 red [Forts], 15 light blue [Towns], 15 medium blue [Hillforts], 6 green [Scotti Settlements], 12 black [Saxon Settlements]) (1.4) • Eight Faction round cylinders (2 red, 2 blue, 2 green, 2 black; 1.8, 2.2) • 12 pawns (1 red, 1 blue, 6 white, 4 gray; 1.9, 3.1.1) 1.0 Introduction • A sheet of markers • Four Faction player aid foldouts (3.0. 4.0, 7.0) Pendragon is a board game about the fall of the Roman Diocese • Two Epoch and Battles sheets (2.0, 3.6, 6.0) of Britain, from the first large-scale raids of Irish, Pict, and Saxon raiders to the establishment of successor kingdoms, both • A Non-Player Guidelines Summary and Battle Tactics sheet Celtic and Germanic. It adapts GMT Games’ “COIN Series” (8.1-.4, 8.4.2) game system about asymmetrical conflicts to depict the political, • A Non-Player Event Instructions foldout (8.2.1) military, religious, and economic affairs of 5th Century Britain.
    [Show full text]
  • Art. IIL—The PEOPLES of ANCIENT SCOTLAND
    (60) Art. IIL—the PEOPLES OF ANCIENT SCOTLAND. Being the Fourth Rhind Lecture. this lecture it is proposed to make an attempt to under- IN stand the position of the chief peoples beyond the Forth at the dawn of the history of this country, and to follow that down sketchil}' to the organization of the kingdom of Alban. This last part of the task is not undertaken for its own sake, or for the sake of writing on the history of Scotland, which has been so ably handled by Dr. Skene and other historians, of whom you are justly proud, but for the sake of obtaining a comprehensive view of the facts which that history offers as the means of elucidating tlie previous state of things. The initial difficulty is to discover just a few fixed points for our triangulation so to say. This is especially hard to do on the ground of history, so I would try first the geography of the here obtain as our data the situation country ; and we of the river Clyde and the Firth of Forth, then that of the Grampian ]\Iountains and the Mounth or the high lands, extending across the country from Ben Nevis towards Aberdeen. Coming now more to historical data, one may mention, as a fairly well- defined fact, the position of the Koman vallum between the Firth of Forth and the Clyde, coinciding probably with the line of forts erected there in the 81 it by Agricola year ; and is probably the construction of this vallum that is to be understood by the statements relative to Severus building a wall across the island.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mysterious World of Celtic Coins
    The Mysterious World of Celtic Coins Coins were developed about 650 BC on the western coast of modern Turkey. From there, they quickly spread to the east and the west, and toward the end of the 5th century BC coins reached the Celtic tribes living in central Europe. Initially these tribes did not have much use for the new medium of exchange. They lived self-sufficient and produced everything needed for living themselves. The few things not producible on their homesteads were bartered with itinerant traders. The employ of money, especially of small change, is related to urban culture, where most of the inhabitants earn their living through trade or services. Only people not cultivating their own crop, grapes or flax, but buying bread at the bakery, wine at the tavern and garments at the dressmaker do need money. Because by means of money, work can directly be converted into goods or services. The Celts in central Europe presumably began using money in the course of the 4th century BC, and sometime during the 3rd century BC they started to mint their own coins. In the beginning the Celtic coins were mere imitations of Greek, later also of Roman coins. Soon, however, the Celts started to redesign the original motifs. The initial images were stylized and ornamentalized to such an extent, that the original coins are often hardly recognizable. 1 von 16 www.sunflower.ch Kingdom of Macedon, Alexander III the Great (336-323 BC) in the Name of Philip II, Stater, c. 324 BC, Colophon Denomination: Stater Mint Authority: King Alexander III of Macedon Mint: Colophon Year of Issue: -324 Weight (g): 8.6 Diameter (mm): 19.0 Material: Gold Owner: Sunflower Foundation Through decades of warfare, King Philip II had turned Macedon into the leading power of the Greek world.
    [Show full text]
  • Saint Alban and the Cult of Saints in Late Antique Britain
    Saint Alban and the Cult of Saints in Late Antique Britain Michael Moises Garcia Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds Institute for Medieval Studies August, 2010 ii The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. The right of Michael Moises Garcia to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. © 2010 The University of Leeds and Michael Moises Garcia iii Acknowledgements First and foremost, I must thank my amazing wife Kat, without whom I would not have been able to accomplish this work. I am also grateful to the rest of my family: my mother Peggy, and my sisters Jolie, Julie and Joelle. Their encouragement was invaluable. No less important was the support from my supervisors, Ian Wood, Richard Morris, and Mary Swan, as well as my advising tutor, Roger Martlew. They have demonstrated remarkable patience and provided assistance above and beyond the call of duty. Many of my colleagues at the University of Leeds provided generous aid throughout the past few years. Among them I must especially thcmk Thom Gobbitt, Lauren Moreau, Zsuzsanna Papp Reed, Alex Domingue, Meritxell Perez-Martinez, Erin Thomas Daily, Mark Tizzoni, and all denizens of the Le Patourel room, past and present.
    [Show full text]