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BEAUTIFUL FLOWERS.Pdf PAGES MISSING WITHIN THE BOOK ONLY (91,92) %> m< OU_1 60322 >m =5 co OSMANIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ' " ' ' Call No. f) & Accession No, Author a tie* , , or This book should be retdrned on befo^6 the date ' f last marked below. / Q a \s tfritillaria imperially Linn. BEAUTIFUL FLOWERS OF KASHMIR BY ETHELBERT BLATTER S.J., Ph.D., F.L.S. Illustrated by Mrs. G. A. WATHEN and HALDAR JOO WALL Volume II LONDON .JOHN BALE, SONS & DANIELSSON, LTD. 83-91, GBEAT TITCHFIELD STREET, W.I. 1928 MATXB AND PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAFN 8T JOHN BALE, SONS AND DANIELSSON, LTD., 83-91, QT. TITCHFIELD ST., LONDON, W.I. DEDICATED TO F. J. MITCHELL, Esq. WITHOUT WHOSE ENCOUBAGEMENT THIS WORK COULD NOT HAVE BEEN WRITTEN PREFACE. A slight change has been introduced in this volume. Afc the request of many who have used the first part of this work the derivation and meaning of the botanicul names have been added. I should also have liked to oblige those who are anxious to learn something about the economic uses and the folk-lore of the various plants, but the limited space did not allow this addition. The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that in many cases I have riot given all the colours which may be observed in certain flowers. I have not even always mentioned that particular colour which is shown in the illustration. Many flowers vary a good deal, even under the same or similar conditions. In one and the same species white and coloured forms may be observed. Other species change their colour under different conditions of altitude, soil or illumination. We possess comparatively few accurate colour-records regard- ing the flowers growing in the temperate and alpine regions of Kashmir. There is a vast field for further observations. B. B. LIST OF ILLUSTBATIONS. Vlii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS IX Name of Plate Fig. artist 7 Mertensia tibetica, C. B. Clarke ... M. W. 8 Lappula glochidiata, Brand ... ... H. J. W, 9 Adelocaryum anchusoides, Brand ... M. W, 45 1 Lycopsis arvensis, Linn H. J. W. 2 Macrotomia Benthami, DC. ... ... M. W. 3 Onosma echioides, Linn. ... ... H. J. W. 4 Myosotis sylvatica, Hoffm M. W. 5 Moltkia parviflora, C. B. Clarke ... M. W. 6 Eritrichium strictum, Dene. ... ... M. W. 46 1 Gynanchum auriculatum, Wight ... M. W. 2 Orobanche epithymum, DC H. J. W. 3 Orobanche cernua, Loeffl. ... H. J. W. 4 Cuscuta capitata, Eoxb. ... ... H. J. W. 5 Polemonium coeruleum, Linn. ... M. W. 6 Utricularia flexuosa, Vahl ... ... H. J. W- 7 Atropa belladonna, Linn. M. W. 8 Atropa belladonna, Linn. ... M. W. 47 1 Veronica Beccabunga, Linn, ... ... M. W. 2 Veronica laxa, Benth. ... ... M. W. 3 Veronica deltigera, Wall. ... ... M. W. 4 Leptorhabdos Benthamiana, Walp. H. J. W. 5 Euphrasia officinalis, Linn. ... ... M. W. 6 Scrophularia Scopolii, Hoppe ... M. W. 7 Picrorhiza Kurrooa, Benth. ... ... H. J. W. 8 Wulfema Amherstiana, Benth. ... M. W. 48 1 Pedicularis pyramidata, Koyle ... M. W. 2 Pedicularis pyramidata, Boyle - H. J. W. 3 Pedicularis pectinata, Wall. ... H. J. W. 4 Pedicularis tenuirostris, Benth. M. W. 5 Pedicularis Garckeana, Prain ... M. W. 6 Pedicularis Wallichii, Bunge ... H. J. W. 7 Pedicularis Eoy lei, Maxim M. W. 49 1 Pedicularis rhinanthoides, Schrenk.... M. W. 2 Pedicularis rhinanthoides, Schrenk.... H. J. W. 3 Pedicularis bicornuta, Klotzsch. ... M. W, 4 Pedicularis elephantoides, Benth, ... M. W. 5 Pedicularis siphonantha, D. Don ... H. J. W. 6 Pedicularis siphonantha, D. Don ... H. J. W. 7 Pedicularis Oederi, Vahl H. J. W. 8 Pedicularis Oederi, Vahl M. W. LIST OF ILLUSTBATIONS 50 51 53 54 55 LIST OF ILLUSTBATIONS XI Name of Plate Fig. artist 56 1 Ephedra Gerardiana, Wall H. J. W. 2 Hydrocharis Morsus-ranae, Linn. ... H. J. W. 8 Listera kashmiriana, Duthie... ... H. J. W. 4 Listera Lindleyana, King & Pantl. ... M. W. 5 Spiranthes australis, Lindl. ... ... H. J. W. 6 Epipactis latifolia, All. H. J. W. 7 Epipactis gigantea t Dougl M. W. 57 1 Orchis incarnata, Linn. ... ... M. W. 2 Orchis incarnata, Linn. ... ... H. J. W. 3 Epipogum aphyllum, Swartz ... M. W. 4 Epipogum tuberosum, Duthie ... H. J. W. 5 Cypripedium cordigerum, D. Don ... H. J. W. 6 Herminium sp. ... ... ... H. J. W. 7 Aletris nepalensis, Hook, f H. J. W. 58 1 Iris kumaonensis, Wall. ... ... M. W. 2 Iris ensata, Thvnb H. J. W. 3 Colchicum luteum, Baker M. W. 4 Hemerocallis fulva, Linn. ... ... M. W. 59 1 Ixiolirion montanum, Herb. ... ... M. W. 2 Gagea lutea, Schult. f M. W. 3 Gagea persica, Boiss. ... ... M. W. 4 Allium humile, Kunth ... ... H. J. W. 5 Lloydia serotina, Eeichb M. W. 60 1 Tulipa praecox, Tenore M. W. 2 Lilium polyphyllum, D. Don. ... M. W. 3 Fritillaria Roylei, Hook M. W. 4 Eremurus himalaicus, Baker... ... M. W. 5 Tulipa stellata, Hook M. W. 61 1 Trillium Govanianum, Wall.-. ... M. W. 2 Trillium Govanianum, Wall M. W. 3 Arisaema Wallichianum, Hook. f. ... M. W. 4 Arisaema tortuosum, Schotfc ... ... M. W. 62 1 Potamogeton lucens, Linn. ... ... H. J. W. 2 ... J. Potamogeton pectinatus t Linn. H. W. 3 Naias major, All H. J. W. 4 Myriophyllum spicatum, Linn. ... H. J. W. GLOSSARY. Achene A dry one-seeded fruit as in the Dandelion, or one carpel in a cluster, as in the fruit of the Buttercup. Acuminate When the tip of a leaf is tapering and prolonged to a long point. Acute Having a sharp-pointed tip or when the tip forms a narrow angle. Alternate When the leaves are arranged one above the other at different levels. Annual Plants that flower in the same year in which they are raised from seeds. Anther That part of a stamen in which the pollen is produced. Awn A stiff or flexible bristle. Axil The angle formed by the stem or branch with the attached leaf. Axillary When an organ grows from the axil of a leaf. BerryA fleshy or pulpy fruit with seeds embedded, e.g., Grape, Gooseberry. Bi Used in compounds, means twice or two, e.g., bilobed, i.e., having two lobes. Blade The flat part of a leaf. Bracts Leaf-like or scale-like organs immediately beneath the flowers. Several bracts arranged in a whorl below an umbel or head of flowers are called involucre. Bracteoles Small bracts immediately below or next to the flower. Calyx Made up of sepals which are free or united. Capsule A dry fruit splitting open when ripe. Carpel One of the component parts of a fruit; carpels are separate or united the of a Pea consists of (Buttercup) (Flax) ; pod one carpel. Catkin e.g., the flower-spike of a Willow. Ciiiate Having hairs on the margin. Claw Stalk of a petal. Compound When a leaf is divided to the stalk or midrib into several distinct leaflets. Corolla Made up of petals which are free or united. the flower-stalks arise from different on the axis Corymb When points ; the stalks get shorter higher up so that the flowers are at the same level. Crenate When a leaf has rounded teeth on the margin. clustered inflorescence the of a Cyme An irregular ; cyme Forget-me-not is called scorpioid cyme. Digitate When the leaflets of a compound leaf arise all from the top of the stalk, spreading like the fingers of a hand. Drupe A fleshy fruit enclosing a stone which contains the seed, e.g., the Cherry. Xiv GLOSSARY to but both ends are Elliptical Similar egg-shaped, equal. Enure When a leaf has an unbroken margin. food from Epiphyte A plant growing on another but not drawing it, e.g., many orchids. Fascicled Arranged in a bunoh or cluster. Filament Stalk of a stamen bearing the anther. Filiform Very slender, thread-like. the Follicle A fruit consisting of one carpel which opens only along inner suture when ripe (e.g., Larkspur). Glabrous Smooth, having no hairs. Glandula Furnished with glands, usually at the tip of hairs. Hermaphrodite When both sexes are present in the same flower. Inflorescence The mode in which the flowers are arranged on the axis. Involucre A collection of a sort of leaves round a cluster of flowers below them. (Dandelion), or at some distance Keeled When an organ has a ridge like a keel of a boat. Linear When a leaf is narrow and has the edges almost parallel, e.g., in Grasses. Lobe A division of a simple leaf, or of a leaflet or petal. Mucronate When a leaf or petal terminates in a short hard point. is and has an odd terminal leaflet. Odd-pinnate When a leaf pinnate of a flower which contains the Ovary That part of the female organs ovules or young seeds. Panicle When the axis of the inflorescence divides into branches each bearing two or more flowers. in the seed Pappus The calyx-limb composed of hairs or bristles, e.g., of the Dandelion. Perennial Flowering more than once from the same root. visible Persistent Used usually of the calyx or style when they are still in the ripe fruit. Pinnate A compound leaf having several leaflets attached to each side of a central rib. the Pinnatifid When the leaves are out into lateral segments to about middle, e.g., the Common Groundsel. Pubescent Clothed with short soft hairs. Raceme An inflorescence having a common axis bearing stalked flowers, ' e.g., the Hyacinth. Radical When the leaves grow direct from the root or root-stock e.g., in the Primrose. are alike. Regular When all the petals or all the sepals GLOSSARY XV Salver-shaped e.g., the corolla of Syringa. Spike An inflorescence having the stalkless flowers on a common undivided axis.
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