EUROPA 10 Nr.10, (An V), 2012 Revistă De Ştiinţă Şi Artă În Tranziţie Magazine About Science and Art During the Transition

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EUROPA 10 Nr.10, (An V), 2012 Revistă De Ştiinţă Şi Artă În Tranziţie Magazine About Science and Art During the Transition EUROPA 10 nr.10, (An V), 2012 Revistă de ştiinţă şi artă în tranziţie Magazine about science and art during the transition Fondată în anul 2008 la Novi Sad. / Founded in Novi Sad in 2008. Central and Apare bianual / It is released two times a year Eastern European Online Library Fondator şi redactor şef / Founder and Editor-in-Chief Pavel Gătăianţu Redactor – şef adjunct dr. Virginia Popović Consiliul consultativ / Consultative Board dr. Annemarie Sorescu Marinković – Belgrad; Europe is registered in dr. Olivier Peyroux – Paris; WORLDCAT On-Line Catalogue dr. Iveta Kotríková - Banská Bystrica; dr. Nicolas Trifon – Paris; lect. dr. Vladimir Barović – Novi Sad; lect. dr. Laura Spăriosu – Novi Sad; lect. dr. Daniela Sitar-Tăut – Baia Mare; drd. Rareş Iordache – Cluj; drd. Ivana Janjić – Novi Sad; dr. Redžep Škrijelj – Novi Pazar; dr. Mircea Măran- Vârşeţ; dr. Eugen Cinci – Vârşeţ; dr. Christian Eccher – Roma; dr. Cristina Păiuşan Nuică – Bucureşti; lect. dr. Luiza Caraivan – Timişoara; lect. dr. Speranţa Milancovici – Arad; lect.dr. Teodora Rodica Biriş – Arad; conf. dr. Alpár Losonsz – Novi Sad, conf. dr. Zoran Đerić – Novi Sad; Miroslav Keveždi, masterand – Novi Sad; Asociaţia Editorilor şi Librarilor dr. Mihaela Iorga Lazović- Novi Sad; din Voivodina asist. drd. Rodica Ursulescu Miličić – Novi Sad; dr. Zoran Arsović – Banja Luka; Lucia Todoran, masterand – Cluj-Napoca; Traducere în limba engleză/ Translation in English: drd. Oana Ursulescu – Novi Sad; dr. Luiza Caraivan Vladimir Mitrović, masterand – Novi Sad; Traducere din limba sârbă: Vladimir Mitrović Consiliul ştiinţific / Scientific Board Lectura / Language Editor: dr. Carmen Cerasela Dărăbuş prof. dr. Marina Puia Bădescu (Universitatea din Novi Sad) prof. dr. Silviu Angelescu (Universitatea din Bucureşti) Design / Design: Marin Mohan, Marina Gătăianţu conf. dr. Carmen Cerasela Dărăbuş Webmaster: Saša Mustacović (www.fotosasa.net) (Tech. Univ. Cluj-Napoca, North Univ Center Baia Mare) prof.dr. Mariana Dan (Universitatea din Belgrad) Editor/ Publisher prof. dr. Octavia Nedelcu (Universitatea din Bucureşti) Fundaţia Europa/ Фондација Европа prof. dr. Mihaela Albu (Universitatea din Craiova) str. Gagarinova 16/13, 21000 Novi Sad, Voivodina, Serbia, prof. dr. Marco Lucchesi tel. 063-7858-632, e-mail: [email protected] (Universitatea Federală de Stat, Rio de Janeiro, Brazilia) Web Site: http//www.europango.com prof. dr. Elena Prus (Institutul de Cercetări Filologice şi Interculturale, Chişinău) Tehnoredactare/ Preparation for printing: dr. Biljana Sikimić Grafit, Pavle Bajazet - Novi Sad (Academia Sârbă de Ştiinţe şi Arte – SANU, Belgrad) Tipar/ Printed by ALFA TIM, Petrovaradin conf. dr. Ludmila Brănişte (Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Tiraj 300/ Circulation 300 copies Cuza”, Iaşi) ISSN 1820-9181 conf. dr. Diana Vrabie (Universitatea de Stat „Alecu Russo”, Bălţi) Coperta1./ Cover1.: Marin Mohan prof. dr. Ciprian Vălcan (Universitatea Tibiscus, Timişoara) Coperta 2./ Cover 2.: Marin Mohan lect. dr. Dan Lazea (Universitatea de Vest, Timişoara; New Euro- pe College - Institute for Advanced Study - Bucureşti) Lucrările din acest număr aparţin artiştilor: prof. dr. Nikola Strajnić (Universitatea din Novi Sad) This issue’s art works by: Marin Mohan, Marina Gătăianţu SUBCULTURA/SUBCULTURE Subcultura Un cunoscut scriitor sud american a declarat că, în momentul actual, divertismentul şi sportul sunt pe primul plan după popularitate în lume, iar cultura propriu-zisă este pe plan secund. Folk-diva sîrbă Lepa Brena (Frumoasa Brena, cu numele adevărat Fahreta Jahić) în anii 90 ai secolului trecut a reuşit să detensioneze relaţiile sociale încordate din Bulgaria şi România prin organizarea unor concerte de mare amploare la care au participat 60-70 de mii de spectatori din Sofia, Bulgaria în anul 1990 şi 1984, Timişoara, România, pe marile stadioane ale oraşelor respective. Lepa Brena coboară dintr-un elicopter cu sigla „Balkan” inscripţionată cu litere chi- rilice, iar apoi în limba bulgară salută pe cei prezenţi (caută imaginile pe You Tube). Au urmat aplauze frenetice. După 28 de ani, Lepa Brena încearcă să organizeze un nou concert la Timişoara pe stadionul „Dan Păltini- şeanu” în luna iunie, dar este contramandat de două ori, se pare din cauza dezinteresului scăzut al fanilor. În preajma unei conferinţe de presă Lepa Brena este aşteptată la trecerea de frontieră Stamora – Moraviţa, aproa- pe ca un om de stat, cu maşini de escortă etc. Reproşul românilor de pe timpul odiosului a fost că aplauzele de la Timişoara au fost mai puternice decât cele acordate preşedintelui României şi că bănăţenii prin intermediul cântăreţei Lepa Brena au introdus mane- le în ţara lor. Tema respectivă cere unele cercetări minuţioase ale sociologilor pe care eu nu am putut să-i gă- sesc. La Timişoara Lepa Brena a fost ridicată pe un excavator, iar ea declară în presă că, în jurul stadionului a văzut tancuri. Important este că spectatorii au cântat cântecul sârbesc „Zivela Jugoslavia”, Trăiască Iugoslavia, de fapt „Trăiască libertatea”, asta s-a cântat într-un sistem totalitar în anul 1984, la Timişoara în România. Anul acesta revista „Europa” marchează jubileul de 5 ani de apariţie şi 10 numere cu aproape 1700 de pagini. Aceasta a devenit istorie, restul e normalitate. Pavel Gătăianţu, redactor-şef Subculture A very well known South American writer declares that, at present, entertainment and sports are the focus of public attention in the world according to popularity, while culture comes second. During the 1990s, the Serbian folk-diva Lepa Brena (Beautiful Brena is her stage name, her real name being Fahreta Jahić) managed to relax the tense social relations in Bulgaria and Romania, by organizing large con- certs: 60-70 thousand spectators attended the concerts in Sofia, Bulgaria in 1990 and in 1984, Timişoara, Româ- nia. The concerts were organised on the largest stadiums in these two cities. Lepa Brena descended from a helicopter on which the logo „Balkan” was written with Cyrillic letters, and then, she greeted everybody in Bulgarian (you should search on You Tube). The audience applauded frenetically. 28 years later, Lepa Brena tries to organise a new concert in Timişoara on the „Dan Păltinişeanu” stadium in June. However, the concert is postponed twice, apparently due to the low interest from fans. Before her press conference, Lepa Brena received a very warm welcome at the border at Stamora – Moraviţa, almost as a head of state, with escort cars, etc. Romanian people say that the round of applause she got in Timişoara was louder than the Romanian presi- dent received at the time. They also reproach that people in Banat introduced the first manele-like music in the country, by accepting Lepa Brena’s songs. This topic needs thorough research from sociologists, who, un- fortunately, I could not find. In Timişoara, Lepa Brena was lifted with the help of an excavator, and she declared for the press that she saw tanks around the stadium. The important thing is that everybody who was on that stadium sang the Serbian song „Zivela Jugoslavia”, Long live Yugoslavia, in fact, they sang „Long live freedom”, during the totalitarian regime in 1984, in Timişoara, Romania. This is the 5th year of publication for ”Europa” magazine, which means 10 issues and almost 1700 pages. This has become history, the rest is normality. 2 Pavel Gătăianţu, Editor in Chief IDEI EURO PENE Darko Gavrilović MITOLOGIA PATRIOTICĂ IUGOSLAVĂ – 1945-1990 [email protected] Mit şi ideologie eroism, suferinţă, jertfă, precum şi necesitatea de a ajunge în „ţara promiţătoare”, undeva la finalul dru- Când este vorba de cuvântul „mit”, primul lucru la mului. Ea este caracteristică atât pentru perioada care majoritatea oamenilor se gândeşte este o poveste contemporană, pentru statele dezvoltate şi puterni- inventată, fantastică şi fabuloasă, ceva ce probabil nu ce, cât şi pentru ţările în curs de dezvoltare şi pentru are prea mult (sau deloc) legătură cu „adevărul” sau cu statele aşa-numitei „lumi a treia”. Subiectul acestui „realitatea”. Mitul şi politica sunt legate indisolubil. In- articol îl constituie exemplele pentru modelele miti- tenţionat le menţionăm aici împreună, pentru că poli- ce ale Iugoslaviei socialiste. Constructele ei mitice nu tica nu se poate imagina fără folosirea miturilor – lim- au fost originale. Ele au urmărit exemplul Uniunii So- bajul politic din istoria antică a fost atât de conectat şi vietice, precum şi ale celorlalte ţări comuniste, şi con- împletit cu miticul, astfel că fără acest element „supra- form acestor exemple, şi-a construit şi celelalte ţări natural” sau „iraţional”este aproape imposibil de a în- socialiste cultura şi bastionul ideologic. ţelege. Încă în timpul celui de-al doilea război mondial, filosoful german Ernst Cassier (1874-1945) a semnalat Miturile care au modelat viaţa de zi cu zi a asupra pericolului care vine de la o manipulare statală Iugoslaviei (instituţională sau oficială) cu mituri – nazismul este construit, printre altele, pe mitul de superioritate a ra- Dezvoltându-se şi consolidându-se, Iugoslavia so- sei ariană, precum şi pe mitul de jertfă eternă a popo- cialistă în frunte cu Partidul Comunist al Iugoslaviei, rului german. Consecinţele acestui mit Germania le-a care şi-a păstrat puterea până la sfârşitul existenţei simţit (precum şi întreaga Europă, la urma urmelor) statului, schimbându-şi în durata puterii sale şi nu- timp de mai multe decenii după război. mele său în Uniunea Comuniştilor Iugoslaviei, a dez- Deoarece materialul pe care-l conţin miturile este voltat
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