January 31, 191;; EXTE SIONS OF REMARKS 1989 H.R. 2557. A bill to amend title 39, United ices to TUrkey; to the Committee on For­ diction over the U.S.-owned Canal Zone on States Code, to provide for the mailing of eign Affairs. the Isthmus of Panama; to the Committee letter mail to Senators and Representatives By Mr. NEDZI: on Foreign Affairs. in Congress at no cost to the sender, and for H. Res. 125. Resolution to establish a Select other purposes; to the Committee on Post Committee on Intelligence; to the Commit­ Office and Civil Service. tee on Rules. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 2558. A bill to amend title 39, United By Mr. RODINO (for himself and Mr. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private States Code, to revise the organizational EILBERG): bills and resolutions were introduced and structure of the U.S. Postal Service, and for H. Res. 126. Resolution concerning the other purposes; to the Committee on Post safety and freedom of Valentyn Moroz, severally referred as follows: Office and Civil Service. Ukrainian historian; to the Committee on By Mr. MICHEL: H.R. 2559. A bill to amend title 39, United Foreign Affairs. H.R. 2561. A bill to authorize the appoint­ States Code, to apply to the U.S. Postal Serv­ By Mrs. SULLIVAN (for herself, Mr. ment of Alexander P. Butterfield to the re­ ice certain provisions of law providing for FLOOD, Mr. ADDABBO, Mr. BIAGGI, Mr. tired list of the Regular Air Force, and for Federal agency safety programs and respon­ BUTLER, Mr. COLLINS of Texas, Mr. other purposes; to the Committee on Armed sibilities, and for other purposes; to the DAN DANIEL, Mr. DICKINSON, Mr. Services. Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. DOWl'I~G, ll.'rr. FLOWERS, Mrs. HOLT, By Mr. ROGERS (by request) : By :Mr. WON PAT: Mr. !CHORD, Mr. LOTT, Mr. MADIGAN, H.R. 2562. A bill for the relief of Charles P. H.R. 2560. A bill to amend title 38 of the Mr. MAzzoLI. Mr. MOLLOHAN, Bailey; to the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Code in order to provide hos­ Mr. MOORHEAD Of California, Mr. H.R. 2563. A bill for the relief of Shoji Oue pital and medical care to persons who served MoTTL, Mr. McCoLLISTER, Mr. Mc­ Snyder; to the Committee on the Judiciary. in the Local Security Patrol Force of Guam DoNALD Of Georgia, Mr. NICHOLS, Mr. By 1!.11'. CHARLES WILSON of Texas: during World Warn; to the Committee on ROUSSELOT, Mr. RUNNELS, Mr. WHITE, H.R. 2564. A blll for the relief of Franklin R . Veterans• Affairs. and Mr. YATRON) : Helt; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. RONCALIO: H. Res. 127. Resolution in support of con­ H.R. 2565. A bill for the relief of Luisa H.J. Res. 174. Joint resolution to authorize tinued undiluted U.S. sovereignty and juris­ Marillac Hughes, Marco Antonio Hughes, the President to issue annually a proclama­ diction over the U.S.-owned Canal Zone on Maria del Cisne Hughes, Maria Augusta tion designating March of each year as Youth the Isthmus of Panama; to the Committee Hughes, Miguel Vicente Hughes, Veronica del Art Month; to the Committee on Post Of­ on Foreign Affairs. Rocio Hughes, and Ivan Hughes; to the Com­ By Mrs. SULLIVAN (for herself, Mr. fice and Civil Service. mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. RODINO: FLOOD, Mr. BAUMAN, Mr. BENNETT, Mr. BE~, Mr. BOWEN, Mr. BURKE H. Con. Res. 87. Concurrent resolution per­ of Florida, Mr. CARTER, Mr. COCHRAN, taining to the methods used on animals in Mr. D'AMOURS. Mr. DAVIS, Mr. DE LA PETITIONS, ETC. research; to the Committee "On Science and GARZA, Mr. DENT, Mr. FISH, Mr. GINN, Technology. Mr. GOLDWATER, Mr. HINSHAW, Mr. Under clause 1 of ru1e XXII, By Mr. ROYBAL: JONES of North Carolina, Mr. LuJAN, 17. The SPEAKER presented a petition of H. Con. Res. 88. Concurrent resolution ex­ Mr. PETTIS, Mr. RISENHOOVER, Mr. the board of directors, National Society of pressing the disapproval of the Congress, SEBELIUS, Mr. STEIGER Of Arizona, Mr. Professional Engineers, Washington, D.C., pursuant to section 36(b) of the Foreign TREEN, and Mr. W.&GGONNER): relative to truck weight limitations, which Military Sales Act, concerning a U.S. Army of­ H. Res. 128. Resolution in support of con­ was referred to the Committee on Public fer to sell certain defense articles and serv- tinued undiluted U.S. sovereignty and juris- Works and Transportation.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

A DOMINANT CONGRESS? The establishment of new budget proce­ The freshmen House Democrats already dures and other institutional reforms sug­ are having a profound impact. It was their gests the legislators are serious about main­ votes that paved the way for the toppling taining the new balance between the of the committee autocrats and strengthen­ HON. RICHARD BOLLING branches and making Congress work more ing majority rule. It was their pressure OF MISSOURI efficiently and responsibly. which, in part, induced party leaders to draft IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The take-charge attitude has accelerated a broad economic recovery program for im­ with the overthrow of three aging House mediate consideration. Friday, January 31, 1975 committee barons. Now, with the machinery It thus seems certain the 94th will be Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, the fol­ modernized, an emboldened Democratic ma­ another Congress of action. It is less certain, lowing article raises some interesting jority is primed to test the updated model. however, that it will be a Congress of dis­ The Democrats believe the new session pro­ tinction that will fully capitalize on the questions about the direction of the 94th vides a particularly golden opportunity for breakthrough achievements of the historic Congress which I call to the attention of Congress to extend its influence because of 93rd. my colleagues. It was written by Paul declining confidence in President Ford. "We For one thing, there is no assurance that Duke, senior correspondent for the Na­ have a White House weakened by Watergate, the Democrats will be able to unite on a tional Public Affairs Center for Televi­ occupied by a President who is not elected, comprehensive program for the economy and sion and appeared in the Washington who campaigned hard for his party at the other needs. Nor is there any assurance that Post on January 30, 1975: polls and was overwhelmingly repudiated," the institutional machinery will work more A DOMINANT CONGRESS? says House Deputy Democratic Whip John smoothly. The fresh breezes of participatory Brademas. democracy now blowing through the House (By Paul Duke) Such bravado might be dismissed as the have barely touched the Senate where fili­ The 94th Congress has begun its work in customary political posturing were it not for busters could doom some legislative init ia­ a mood of near euphoria. Many senators and the changing make-up of Congress. Almost tives. One of the less noteworthy features representatives seem convinced a new day of one-half of the 435 House members have of the 1973-74 sessions was the filibuster's _glory is dawning for Capitol Hill after years been elected since 1970; 37 of the senators comeback, necessitating more than two of reposing in the shade of executive domina­ are serving their first terms. Not only do the dozen cloture votes (compared with three tion. There is even bold talk of congressional younger, more activist newcomers reject the in 1963-64). government, something the country has not old business-as-usual methods, but they also Even the reforms that have been adopted experienced since the latter decades of the increasingly link their own fortunes to the may not work as intended and may in fact 19th century when residents were weak and efforts at rebuilding the reputation of Con­ create unexpected divisions that will lead to the fe<'eral system's aggressive spirit belonged gress. new paralysis. The insurgency movement in to the leg islati ve branch. Hence, the militancy of the new Demo­ the House may give rank-and-file Democrats Most of this elan is attributable to what cratic congressmen elected in November is more say-so in policy making, but history happened in the 93rd Congress. In rebelling hardly surprising. They won on promises to teaches that large majorities frequently be­ against a gathering tyranny of presidential perform, not to follow tradition and go along come unruly and uncontrollable. Nor is it authority, the legislators finally served notice to get along. "We were elected not neces­ certain that Congress can forego its that they would no longer play doormat to sarily because of our own positive qualities," penchant for pork-barrel politics to make the an ever-expanding executive. By driving says Indiana's Rep. Phillip Sharp, "but be­ new budget regulating procedures work. Richard Nixon from office, they proved they cause of a great disturbance over leadership Despite the upcoming investigations of could rise to their constitutional responsi­ in this country, not only with the executive the CIA and FBI, there is considerable doubt, bilities and in the process make Congress a and the Republican Party, but Congress, too, that the legislators have learned one of co-equal branch again. too." the principal lessons of Watergate-that 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Janua-ry J l, 1975 Congress was largely to blame for the abuses sorely needed by the district during some as possible before handing it on to fut ure of these agencies because of its failure to very critical periods. She is knowledge­ generat ions.' • supervise their activities. able, work-oriented, thorough in her Georgiana Hardy, you h ave indeed per­ The legislators have rarely taken their over­ mitted your candle to burn brightly and you sight responsibUity seriously, with the inces­ presentations, committed to quality edu­ leave to all of us and especially to the young tuous relationships between some watchdog cation for all children, and works from people here today a rich legacy. For these committees and the agencies they are sup­ the base of conviction rather than ex­ and other reasons, we wish today to give posed to watch all to often providing bu­ pediency. tangible eviden ce of our affection and reaucrats with cover-up protection for The following remarks concerning Dr. esteem. wrongdoing. As Connecticut's Senator Lowell Hardy's illustrious record were made by Weicker warns: "If we don't make some cor­ Dr. Josie G. Bain, administrator in rections this year they will never be made charge of Girls' Week, at the salute and LOWER _SPEED SAVES LIVES and we enhance the prospect of another Watergate." tribute luncheon: All of this leads to a more fundamental The Girls' Week committee chose as its the1ne "Freedom to Become," so appropriate HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS question. Is Congress really capable of filling OF PENNSYLVANIA the void and exercising national leadership? for a person of your caliber who utilized Even some of the reformers have doubts fully every possible opportunity in becom­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES because of the conflicting regional interests ing the quality leader of our day. Some of Friday, January 31, 1975 and the tendency to avoid unpopular choices. your att ributes that we feel are well worth Furthermore, the executive branch inherent­ addressing are the following: Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the Penn­ ly has great power because it is the man­ Courage-Tremendous courage as demon­ sylvania Turnpike, the :"lation's pioneer ager of the fedral establishment and hence strated by your willingness and ability to superhighway, now adds the weight of speak on the unpopular topics that arose at f~ better equipped to make most decisions. its recent experience to the prop<>sition For all of its tidying up, Congress and its Board Meetings. Freedom for Each-You are a great be­ that, in setting a reduced speed limit, we divisions still are doddering along on an have accomplished a purpose even more operating budget of $731 million, two-tenths liever in freedom for all. But, you strongly of one per cent of the overall $307 billion feel that it is a personal theory that carries beneficial than the conservation of gaso­ federal budget. The new budget committees, wit h its responsibility. You've indicated that line. The lower limit has cut the traffic for example, will have only one-half the per­ you felt freedom is an open door, but that death toll. sonnel of the White House Office of Manage­ one must walk through it. Likewise, you have In a new report, the turnpike commis­ ment and Budget. demonstrated that freedom could be likened sion says the first full year of the 55- Apart from these more practical factors, to a ladder, but one must climb it. In other words, you have demonstrated that what we mile-per-hour ceiling resulted in the best the truth is the American people long have safety record- in the road's 34-year his­ regarded their President as chief protector really want we have the freedom to work to and policymaker. This is why most histor­ obtain. tory. Twenty-seven fatal accidents, kill­ ians reject any suggestion that Congress as­ Certainly, the girls here today must know ing 30 persons, occurred in 1974. This sume a dominant role, believing the col.mtry that. "Freedom to Become" in no way im­ compares to 46 lives lost on the turnpike must still be run by the White House and plies freedom to be handed a position, but in 1973. not Capitol Hill. rather freedom to develop all of your talent-s The 1974 rate of 1.1 fatalities for each "A swing of the pendulum toward congres­ in order to qualify for a given position. Listener-You've been a great listener. 100 million miles traveled, the standard sional power might lead to weak Presidents used nationally in measuring safety, was and this would be terribly dangerous," con­ You have never been too busy to hear all tends James MacGregor Burns. "The pres­ sides of any issue. You've listened creatively, the best ever. A turnpike spokesman told sure on government in the next decade or often coming up with new solutions to old Pittsburgh Post-Gazette staffwriter, two is going to be so enormous that only and difficult problems. You've listened with David Leherr: strong, stable executive power can deal with your heart as you have demonstrated on a We are convinced the lowering of speed it. It will be pressure not to distribute good continuous basis your willingness to walk in limits from 65 to 55 miles an hour as a re­ things but to make us sacrifice. It's very the shoes of others (troubled children and sult of the energy crisis, was a major factor hard if you're a congressman to go to your troubled parents). You have listened with in reducing the number of fatalities. people and make such demands. It's really empathy; you have listened for growth, for only the President who, as the moral leader, you have believed that young people, old This is good news for it shows that. can ask for the kind of sacrifice from Amer­ people, or just people can grow if given the after many years of hand wringing over icans that Churchill asked from English­ proper climate and the freedom to do so. a rising highway death toll, we have men." And, certainly, you have listened with depth, found an effective corrective in the sim­ For all the Capitol Hill dreams of a renais­ for you have never been lulled into making ple process of dropping the speed limit sance, it seems unlikely the pendulum will a decision on the immediacy, but you have swing far enough to put the legislators in always sought to discover whether such a to a safer range. It also proves the need the driver's seat. recommendation would have merit in the for keeping the lower limit, no matter The more basic issue is whether the leg­ tomorrows. what might become the energy situation islators now have the will to preserve the Preparation-You have prepared yourself in the future, and seeing that it is en­ balance which they have so dutifully re­ and remained a student. Perhaps, no Board forced. stored. Or, whether they wil lapse back into Member in the past 20 years has proven to TV station KDKA in Pittsburgh has their old buck-passing ways, making it pos­ be more knowledgeable of programs and been making the point editorially in re­ sible for the winds of tyranny to return an­ procedures and the general operation of our cent days that the 55-mile limit, regard­ other day. District than ha-s Dr. Georgiana Hardy. You have always done your homework well and less of its proved worth, is being increas­ have therefore been able to base your deci­ ingly violated and that it is impossible sions on facts rather than on emotions. for police to keep abreast of the growing LOS ANGELES UNIFIED SCHOOL And so, tempered by the loss of a wonder­ infractions. Any law-abiding motorist DISTRICT HONORS DR. GEORGI­ ful husband at a time when there was so can attest to this from his own experi­ ANA HARDY much to live for, but blessed by the joy of ence of having speeders road past him. being a mother with wonderful children of your own, you have learned from them some­ But the fact remains that millions are Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke thing of the needs of other youngsters. In­ still driving at this rate and under where OF CALIFORNIA deed, you have maintained a spiritual and very few, if any, did before, and that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES moral poise that has been most exemplary. slower speed not only has saved gasoline, Your coSIIllopolitan approach, that of mak­ as was the purpose, but reduced the Friday, January 31, 1975 ing constant contact with people of all racial slaughter. Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. and ethnic backgrounds, along with the I am confident that the results, such other attributes I have mentioned do indeed Speaker, at a recent Girls' Week lunch­ permit you to leave with us a How To format as reported for the Pennsylvania Turn­ eon that hosted better than 1,000 which will stay our present Board Members pike, will, in time, convince most Amer­ girls, administrators, board members, well in the years to come and be an inspira­ icans of the advisability of the 55-mile and community representatives in the tion to all of us. limit and the humane, as well as gaso­ Los Angeles Unified School District, Dr. Certainly, Dr. Hardy, you saw your life as line saving, need for obeying it. What Georgiana Hardy was honored. Dr. George Bernard Shaw said: "Life is not a greater accomplishment could we hope Hardy has served the unified school dis­ brief candle to me. It is a sort of splendid for than a lessening of the carnage which trict as a board member for 20 years. torch which I have got hold of for a mo­ had been increasing without letup year She has provided the kind of leadership ment, and I want to make it burn as brightly after year all across our road system? January 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1991 TVA GOES PUBLIC-BOARD OPENS Indeed, in a period like the present, when bers. But Caldwell, the union leader, was MEETINGS TVA faces the prqspect of raising :.ts rates strong for building the breeder reactor, for at least another 50 per cent the new means conventional nuclear power, and believed for communicating with the public is not to that TVA still holds vitality as keeper of a HON. JOE L. EVINS be sneezed at. national power rate yardstick. OF TENNESSEE Mrs. Mary Higginbotham, ClevelaLd, Tenn., Why not open TVA board meetings years head for the first eonsumers group organized earlier? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the valley to fight rate increases, con­ Wagner offered an answer: Friday, January 31, 1975 gratulated the board on the wisdom it "Nobody tried to make much of an issue showed in opening up. about this thing until about a year ago." Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, "We'll know longer ahead, when the next With approval of the open meeting gen­ the Board of Directors of the Tennessee hard lick is going to hit us," she said. "Then eral, who, if anybody, might have gotten Valley Authority opened its meetings to maybe we can get enough people to join in the short end of the stick. Obviously, one the public and the press last week­ and protest or do something to persuade the must search deeper than this writer had and there was general agreement that board to postpone the rate rise or, at least, the time to. the new policy of openness was a success. to reduce it." One more piece of light may be shed by The Tennessean of Nashville in an ar­ The public nature of the board meeting the recollection of Jennings Perry, a former ticle last Sunday by its distinguished had produced the seemingly solid speculation editorial writer and reporter for this news­ senior reporter, Nat Caldwell, quoted from McBride that, if coal prices do not drop paper, who covered TVA board meetings in substantially in the near future, another the early days. Perry said: members of the board and citizens as round of rate increases amounting to at least "I do not recall that all of the meetings indicating that the interchange of com­ 50 per cent looms ahead. A speculation like were open to the public. But I do recall that ment with citizens was helpful, produc­ this one certainly would never have en:erged many were, because the row between Dr. tive, and created new and better under­ from the minutes of a board meeting under A. E. Morgan, the first chairman, and Dave standing. the old policy. Lilienthal caused each to seek a full public This new policy by TVA is to be con­ Now members of the Tennessee Valley con­ light on the conduct of the other. tinued in the public interest. gressional delegation can't say when t h e "For that reason the custom of closed Because of the interest of my col­ next rate increase hits, "The board should meetings came later, probably in 1938, after nave told us." President Roosevelt fired Dr. Morgan." leagues and the American people in this Clyde Caldwell of the Oak Ridge Boiler most important matter, I place the ar­ Makers union, who, like several others, used ticle from the Tennessean in the RECORD the after lunch question and answer period herewith: to make a speech very strongly supporti\ e ALL THE NEWS THAT IS FIT TO THE TVA GOES PUBLIC of TVA and its nuclear power expansion pol­ TINT-NO.4 (By Nat Caldwell) icy, said: The TVA governing board, after what "I couldn't have had the chance to speak some have said was 40 years in the wilder­ up for TVA and have anybody hear me, un· HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK ness of closed meetings, opened up to the less the press had been sitting there ..." OF OHIO Caldwell was one of a 100 union labor rep­ public on a recent Thursday. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And a. sampling of those in attendance resentatives in attendance at TVA's first open at the historic three and a half hour session, hoard meeting, composing of a far larger con­ Friday, January 31, 1975 split by time out for lunch, appeared to be tingent of the initial audience of about 250 pleased with the results. That sampling in­ than did the duke's mixture of environmen­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the cluded all three members_ of the Tennessee talists who did most of the talking in the New York Times whose motto should be Valley Authority board, only one of whom question and answer period. "All the news that is fit to tint" has done had been willing to support the public meet­ What brought the union leaders out was it again. In the issue of Sunday, Janu­ ing idea as long as a. month ago. the possibility that the board might have ary 19, 1975 a headline reads "Soviet Reasons given for their approving reac­ chosen to go along with President Ford's Patience Ends, and the Trade Pact Dies." tions to the change varied only slightly from guideline of 5.5 per cent maximum raises But the award for news distortion in this those of other bureaucrats who have for federal employees. The board didn't. In­ instance should not go to the New York switched to the open meeting policy in recent stead, it asked for special White House per­ Times alone. The Washington Post in an months. mission to raise TVA's 15,000 hourly wage TVA Board Chairman Aubrey J . Wagner workers by 9.3 per cent. It also ruled with analysis by Marilyn Berger of the Soviet said that he thought "the open meeting was TVA's personnel experts that only a 12.5 breaking of the trade pact brought forth useful and well worth doing." per cent wage increase would have been in­ images of the U.S. Congress-through "I was pleased with the attendance and flationary considering comparable wage the recently passed trade bill-irritating with the wide variety of interests and view­ scales in the region. No White House go­ the Soviet Union. points represented. And I hope the people ahead has been forthcoming. There seems to be many Americans who attended have gained a helpful view of The rise in coal prices on new contracts whose reaction to the Soviet rejection TVA's objectives and how it operates." approved at the open meeting, not wage in­ of the 1972 trade pact was to say that it Board Member Don McBride was more ex­ creases, not interest rate increases, was the was the United States fault. That the plicit: "Best part of it was not the board subject matter that led to McBride's gloomy meeting per se, but the questions and an­ speculation. In a very few years, if the trend United States was the irritant, that the swers and even the statements and speeches continued, he suggested, the average price United States was not compromising made in lieu of questions. It seems like the of all TVA's coal would ascend to the level enough with the Soviet Union. best way to find out what people really think, of $25 per ton TVA had agreed to pay that First, we should remember the nature lots better than letters . . ." day. This contrasted with an average price of the Soviet regime-the Soviet regime And Board Member W111iam Jenkins, the of $11 per ton of coal that prevailed for the that Solzhenitsyn and many other brave Republican freshman member, who, more month of December, 1974. men have discussed. The Soviet Union is than six months ago, spoke out for public Operation of 50 per cent increase in cost of the regime of concentration camps with sessions, said : living cancellation clauses in most of TVA 's "I was very favorably impressed with this men and women slowly being worked and long term coal contracts would, McBride had starved to death in the frigid regions of open board meeting. It gave us an opportu­ added, speed arrival of the day of average nity to hear some viewpoints we had not $25 per ton prices. He pointed out that Siberia. The Soviet Union is the regime heard first hand before and to correct mis­ of repression of Christians, Jews, and conceptions about some of the work of this several large volume contracts would either have to be lost or renegotiated this year. And, Moslems. agency. I was the first to argue ~or open The Soviet Union is the regime of meetings because I thought they would do this, he concluded, would mean rate in­ TVA some good." creases would have to offset $560 mlllion in hatred, of person against person, of class And, since actions usually speak louder new annual coal costs in the not very dis­ against class, of nation against nation. than words, the board obviously does approve tant future. The Soviet Union is the regime of the of its initial experience with open sessions Outside of its own paid staff, which ap­ suppression of Hungary, Czechoslovakia as both sounding board and listening post. peared dependably supportive, the board the Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania: The word is that, in continuing discussions members found that even the large crowd and numerous other nations and peoples. ever since the first open meeting, they have of 250 present did not produce a single voice Second, the "irritants" that have been decided to continue the practice and to ~rging it to buy Peabody Coal Company or provided by the United States include a hold regular meetings every three weeks in­ embrace any one of several other courses of stea d of once a month. wheat deal at concessionary rates that action defended by individual board mem- increased the cost of bread in this coun- 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1975 try and Export-Import Bank credits Be it resolved by the Board of County The 1974 figures are for the third quarter, COmmissioners of Monroe County, Florida, the latest. that were below the prevailing market that said Board by this resolution expresses rate. The Soviet Union has been able to its thanks and the thanks of all the citizens SHARES OF NATIONAL INCOME buy high technology items from the of Monroe County, Florida, to the Honorable [In percent) United States-items that have military Dante Fascell, Representative of the 15th Congressional District, to the Honorable uses. Employee Corporation The Soviet Union knows what it wants Lawton Chiles, U.S. Senator, and the Prest· Year rompensation profits in trade with the United States-ad­ dent of the United States, Gerald R. Ford, vanced technology and credits. The and requests them to enter this resolution into the Congressional Record. 64. 1 15.6 United States seems to have little definite Be it further resolved by said Board that 67.0 13.8 idea of what it seeks. 68. 6 12.5 certlfied copies of this resolution be for­ 69.3 13.1 When Members of Congress attempt warded to the above named omclals. 70.1 11.1 to fulfill their rightful role as representa­ Dated January 14, 1975. li~ ~: l i~i ;;;=:~~: jj~ ; ; ~ ~;; 71.0 12.0 tives of the Amelican people in helping 70.7 12.2 1964_------70.6 12.8 to determine broad foreign policy ques­ 70.2 13. 3 tions, members of the executive branch 72. 4 11.8 ~~~~======75.4 8. 6 are quick to label it "interference." The A REALISTIC LOOK AT PROFITS 74. 8 9. 7 Congress does have a role in the determi­ 1974_---l~~~ == = = =- =- =------======- =- -= =- =- =----- = = = = 75. 1 9. 2 nation of foreign and trade policy. Day­ to-day administration by its very nature HON. BILL ARCHER Note the abrupt shift beginning with 1970. must be left to the executive branch, but OF TEXAS Employe compensation jumped above 75 % there is a difference between the setting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for the first time. And profits fell below of policy and day-to-day administration. 10% for the first time. Tha.t difference should not be confused. Friday, January 31, 1975 Well, some may say, what's bad about Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, a view this? Maybe the employes should get it all. of ow· present economic system should After all, profits are just dividends for the make us aware of the important role wealthy, aren't they? Aren't profits and div­ EMERGENCY FUNDS NEEDED FOR profits play in the Untied States to­ idends the same thing? The two are fuzzily FLORIDA IDGHWAY equated in many minds. But the answer is, day. It is important that we take of course, that they are not the same--not a realistic look at the profit pic­ by a country mile. HON. DANTE B. FASCELL ture. An excellent article appeared in the The first bite that comes out of profits is January 20, 1975, edition of the Wall the tax bite. And a massive bite it is. The OF FLORIDA Street Journal reviewing current trends table below traces over a decade the yearly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in business and finance. Two very inter­ tax liability (billions of dollars) of all c.orpo­ Friday, January 31, 1975 rations, and also their dividend payments, esting conclusions should be noted. First, as recorded by the Department of Com­ Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, during the corporate profits as a share of the na­ merce. The 1974 figures are annual rates in last Congress we enacted the Federal Aid tional income have fallen steeply dw·ing the third nuarter. the latest. Highway Act of 1974, which included a the 1970's. Second, corporations pay al­ provision autholizing the expenditw·e of most twice as much of their profit to tax CORPORATE TAXES AND DIVIDENDS $109.2 million as an emergency measure collectors as to stockholders. The lesson to repair and replace the bridges of the should be clear for all of us. If we dis­ Year Taxes Dividends Overseas Highway in Monroe County, courage business from making a profit Fla. through a lack of incentives or excessive $31.3 $19. 8 These funds, which will be matched by taxation, the penalty will fall on our en­ 34.3 20.8 tire population especially the wage 33.2 21.4 the State of Florida, are literally a life­ i~!~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~= ~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ 39.9 23.6 saving shot in the arm to the safety and earner whose salary and benefits comes 1969_------40.1 24.3 from those profits. I would like to enter 1970_------34.8 24.7 economic health of the citizens of Mon­ 1971.------37.5 25.0 roe County. this article in the RECORD: 41.5 27. 3 REVIEW OF CURRENT TRENDS IN BUSINESS AND 49.8 29.6 The Monroe County Board of Commis­ ~~~~======62.7 33.2 sioners has passed a resolution express­ FINANCE 1974_------ing its thanks to Senator LAWTON CHILES, Business profits, it has been said, have President Ford, and me for our roles in been mighty high recently for a country in Over the years above, dividend payments a recession. Some have called them "obscene." have risen 67%· But corporate taxes have securing passage of this legislation and Some have used more lusty adjectives. So, has requested that the resolution be jumped 100%. The bottom line above shows while the current recession debate rages corporations now paying almost twice as brought to the attention of our col­ (How long? How deep?), it may be well to much of their profit to tax collectors as to leagues in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. look at the profit picture in historical per­ stockholders. Dividends account for only I am pleased to comply with this re­ spective. And to note a trend that has gone about 3% of total personal income in the quest and to extend the thanks expressed almost unnoticed. After holding fairly steady United States. in the resolution to our colleagues who for two decades, corporate profits as a share But even taxes and dividends don't tell the supported this legislation and made lts of national income have fallen steeply in the whole story of what has to come out of prof­ 1970s. its. To keep up with growing population and passage possible. The resolution follows: It is no small matter. It harbors a threat RESOLUTION No. 8-1975 try to keep emcient, employers have to build to your pocketbook and mine. The vast ma­ new factories an.d buy new machines. The Whereas, the Congress of the United States jority of us get our paychecks, our fringe cost of such things has soared mightily. And in its last session included in the Federal benefits, our vacations, much of our insur­ where does the money come from? Primarily, Highway Bill $109 mill1on dollars for the ance, both life and medical, and a lot of pen­ it has to come from profits retained in the replacement of bridges on the Overseas High­ sion money from business employers-all of company to meet these bills. These neces­ way (U.S. Highway No.1) in Monroe County, whom must live or die on profits. Americans sarily retained profits that stockholders never Florida, and who work on ther own today are only a see is now almost double dividend payments. Whereas, the present condition of said minute minority. Some 95 % of us are on And then there are the wages and sal­ bridges has caused an economic hardship on payrolls. aries-which have to be paid before profits the trucking industry in said County due to By far the biggest chunk of national in­ are even counted up. It is taken for granted weight limitations having to be placed upon cOlne is compensation of employees. Corpo­ these days that wages and salaries must be said bridges and the replacement of said trate profit is a very small one. But the im­ raised every year. This would seem to be bridges will greatly aid the economy of said portant thing is that, in the recent past, it based upon the assumption that employer County, and has grown sharply smaller. Here, over a quar­ welfare also goes up every year. But this isn't Whereas, the Board of County Commis­ ter of a. century, are the official percentage so. Corporate profits go down as well as up sioners of Monroe County, Florida, desires to shares of national income received as (1) thank the Congressional delegation repre­ compensation of employees and (2) corporate and many periods see them fall steeply. senting Monroe County, Florida, and the profits (with inventory valuation adjust­ Here are examples. Commerce Depart­ President of the United States for signing ment). Since there are other sources of in­ ment figures are annual rates of after-tax &aid bill, now, therefore, come, the two figures do not add up to 100 %. corporate profits in billions of dollars. January 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1993 CORPORATE PROFIT TUMBLES And working by his side and support­ last September. These recipients-and the ing his efforts through these years has economy of our State-will lose a total of Quarterly Quarterly Down been his lovely wife, Gladys. $31,285,508 if no one is forced out of the Period hi lo (percent) program because of the proposed regulations. AI Atchison's roots in San Pedro go The same figure reveals that the loss will back to the early 1900's, and he has many amount to $43,487,028 if 10 percent of food 1948 to 1949 ______$23.4 $17.7 24 1951 to 1953 ______25.2 16.6 stories to tell about the development of stamp recipients are forced to forego bene­ 1956 to 1958 ______27.7 19.8 ~: this colorful harbor community. But, not fits because of the impact of the regulations. 1959 to 196L ------30.8 24.4 The President's proposal would result in 1966 to 1970 ______50. 7 36.7 2821 only has AI watched San Pedro grow, he has also been in the forefront of every an immediate nationwide loss of $325 mil­ ------effort to make San Pedro a truly great lion in food stamp benefits. If 10 percent of After reaching an annual rate just above community. recipients are forced to forego benefits, the $50 billion in the third quarter of 1966, after- loss could mount to more than $950 million tax corporate profits did not get back above by next year. the $50 billion level until the first quarter of The Nation and its poor cannot in this 1972-almost six years later. The average OPPOSITION TO FOOD STAMP day of inflation and economic stagnation af­ weekly wage of nonfarm workers in private PRICE INCREASES ford such losses. This is an ill-advised at­ industry rose 38% between 1966 and ~972. tempt to shift the burden of fighting infla­ Somewhere along the line, people may tion upon those who simply cannot afford to start to realize that soaking "big business" carry a heavier load. The net result will be is really just soaking the sources of their HON. JOSHUA EILBERG still worse inflation for the poor, more prob­ own paychecks and reasonably priced prod­ OF PENNSYLVANIA lema for the Nation's already hard-pressed ucts. They may see that at some point, if IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES farm families, and worse recession for some workers get super-high pay, many oth­ America. ers may have no jobs at all. And they may Friday, January 31, 1975 As Governor, I urge you to do everything perceive that if business costs (taxes, Mr. EILBERG. Speaker, unless possible to make certain that Congress by wages) get shoved too high, the prices of Mr. law prevents the proposed new food stamp things producers make may automatically Congress acts immediately the new reg­ regulations from taking effect. get pushed beyond the ability of people to ulations requiring recipients to pay out Sincerely, pay them. 30 percent of their income for food Mn.TON J. SHAPP, The golden-egg goose, if choked too stamps will go into effect on March 1, Governor. much, may some day stop laying those 1975. Nationwide, these proposed in­ eggs. creases will weigh heavily on the elderly, poor, and fixed-income beneficiaries at a OTA'S FIRST YEAR-A GOOD time of inflation and recession when such START TRIDUTE TO AL ATCHISON additional cost can little be afforded. I am confident each Member of this House is aware of the additional burden HON. CHARLES A. MOSHER HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON this increase will place upon their less OF OHIO OF CALIFORNIA fortunate constituents. At this time I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would like to insert in the RECORD por­ Friday, January 31, 1975 Friday, January 31, 1975 tions of a letter sent to me by the Honor­ Mr. MOSHER. Mr. Speaker, it is very able Milton J. Shapp, Governor of the Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. important that Members of Congress Commonwealth of Pennsylvania: have a much better awareness and un­ Speaker, it is with great pride that I take New regulations requiring recipients to this opportunity to pay tribute to one of pay out 30 percent of their income for food derstanding of the Office of Technology my most civic-minded and active con­ stamps will go into effect on March 1, unless Assessment--eTA. stitutents, AI Atchison. On February 13, the Congress acts to block this action of the This unique, new arm of the Congress he will be honored by the San Pedro Ford Administration. was created strictly at ow· own congres­ Lions Club as the 1975 community Man The proposed change comes at the worst sional initiative, is responsible directly of the Year. time. and solely to the Congress, and is de­ Continuing inflation has already driven the Known fondly as Mr. San Pedro--a signed specifically to provide very much price of an adequate diet beyond the reach of needed services to standing committees title bestowed on him in 1971 by the Los those in greatest need. With the deepen­ Angeles County Board of Supervisors-­ ing recession millions of Americans, through of both the House and Senate. A! was chosen by the Lions for the out­ no fault of their own, are being deprived of All too few are the Members of either standing service he has given to the com­ their livelihoods and must look to programs House who, as yet, recognize the poten­ munity, and his genuine concern and such as food stamps to assure three meals tial value of OTA's services. commitment to making San Pedro a bet­ daily for their families. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I especially The U.S. Department of Agriculture has ter place in which to live and work. appreciate your permission to insert in reported that the average family participat~ AI Atchison was nominated for the the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD my personal ing in its food stamp program pays 23 per­ report you on OTA's record of prog­ award by the San Pedro-Wilmington cent of its net income for the stamps. The to ress during its first year of effort. Board of Realtors, an organization he Administration has called for an increase has been actively involved in since join­ of one-third in costs to these families for I believe it very important that I call the ·11rgent attention of all Members ing his family's real estate business a the same number of stamps. This would to quarter of a century ago. Although he has place an intolerable increase in living costs of t'he House this opportunity to know upon those who can least afford it. more of OTA's progress, the good start reached an age at which most persons Nationwide, more than 95 percent of those we have made, but also know some of are content to sit back, relax, and enjoy to in the program would be required to pay the difficulties we will continue to meet retirement, AI still spends long hours more for food stamps. USDA has calculated we persist in this effort to provide the every day at his real estate office. the average increase at $14 monthly or $168 as annually. Congress with more adequate and accu­ Interspersed throughout his busy day rate information. are activities connected with the numer­ Figures compiled by the Community Nu­ trition Institute show that the poorest would My report to you, Mr. Speaker, is as ous civic, social, professional, and phil­ be the hardest hit. Individuals with a net follows: anthropic organizations to which he be­ income of from $154 to $194 monthly now CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, longs, including: the San Pedro Rotary are eligible for food stamp aid of from $10 OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY AsSESSMENT, Club, the San Pedro Board of Realtors, to $13 monthly. These individuals would be Washington, D.C., January 27, 1975. Point Fermin Masonic Lodge No. 558, entirely eliminated from the program, since Hon. CARL ALBERT, San Pedro High School Boosters Club, AI their cash outlay for stamps would be greater The Speaker of the House of Representatives, Malaikah Shrine Temple, American Le­ than the value of stamps received. Washington, D.C. gion Post No. 65, San Pedro Chamber of Elderly couples, especially SSI recipients, DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Having served as Vice would be harshly affected. A couple with $239 Chairman of the new Technology Assessment Commerce and Community Development, net income would have its food stamp bene­ BPOE Lodge No. 966, Businessmen and Board for the 93rd Congress, I think it ap- fits cut from $22 to $12.30 monthly. propriate to offer several personal observa­ Police Boosters Club, and the Los An­ USDA figures show that we in Pennsyl­ tions which I believe should be reported to geles Harbor Shrine Club. vania had 744,869 food stamp recipients as of you and to the House, concerning our expe- 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 19t5 rience with OTA thus far. It is my intent, posals and opportunities before we decide, (2) Space-While many people felt it de­ with your permission, to send copies of this not only the probable immediate conse­ sirable for OTA to have, or at least predicted letter to the Committee Chairmen and Rank­ quences, but perhaps more importantly, the it would have a staff of 90 or more by this ing Minority Members of both Houses, Mem­ broader secondary and tertiary consequences. time, the actual staff today is about half bers of tp.e Technology Assessment Board, Thus we may better define and understand that size. Undoubtedly, it still should grow, and its Advisory Council and others whom I our options and the alternatives. but I insist slowly and very selectively, only believe will find this useful or of particular It was to meet such basic needs that OTA on the basis of fully justified need. interest. finally was created by statute in October, OTA is for the moment effectively locked in It has been a unique privilege for a Minor­ 1972, after gaining through a gestation period because of space limitations. When addi­ ity member to serve as Vice Chainnan of the of more than six years. But it was Novem­ tional staff help is needed in the months new Board, the policymaking body which ber, 1973, before this new Office was funded ahead, we must recognize the importance, oversees the activities of the Office of Tech­ and former Congressman Emilio Q. Daddario especially for this sort of organization, to nology Assessment, created by the Congress became its Director. It had little really usable avoid having the working staff physically in 1972. Office had received 43 requests for assess­ scattered. Yet there simply seems nowhere Under the law, the Chairmanship of the cant staffing until April of that year. Hence, to go at the present time! This Is a handicap Board alternates between the House and Sen­ only eight busy months have passed since and CO"llld become a serious one. ate. During the last Congress the Chairman the Office became operational. OTA is presently located in a few rooms of the Board was Senator Edward Kennedy RECORD TO DATE on the top floor of the old Immigration of Massachusetts, and at this point I think By the time the Board held its final meet­ Building on D Street, a somewhat discour­ ',t is timely to point out that the Board ing of the 93rd Congress, in December, the aging, inefficient, inconvenient working en­ )perated in a thoroughly bipartisan man­ office space until March, 1974, and no signifi­ vironment. In my view it is very important ner, and very effectively. I congratulated Sen­ ments of varying kinds; six had been funded that we succeed now in reserving for OTA ator Kennedy for the skUl with which he or had received beginning funding; funds appropriate space in the new Madison Build­ got the Board off to a good start, and for had been earmarked for an additional six; ing now going up near the Library. his complete cooperation with the Minority and still another half dozen were in the (3) Staff Role-The role and technique of members on the Board. organizational stage; one had been com­ the OTA's staff, I suggest, need further defi­ It is my expectation and hope that in this pleted. nition and study. As planned from the be­ 94th Congress, with the Chairmanship of the Merely to suggest their great diversity, ginning, our assessments are done mainly Board shifting to the House for the first note that our first assessments bring at­ out-of-house; and while the present system time, the Board Chairman will be our good tempted address a wide range of subjects, of bringing in specialists to serve as prin­ friend and respected colleague from Texas, from drug bioequivalence to problems of cipal investigators for the duration of any "Tiger" Teague. This past year we estab­ coastal oil drilling, to solar energy, auto particular assessment seems to be working lished a precedent that the OTA Board Chair­ emissions, food production systems, auto­ well, there is nonetheless continuing need man shall be of the Majority party, and the mated mass transportation problems . . . for high quality assistance from the OTA Vice Chairman shall be of the Minority. It and what next? staff. This means that internal staff functions is expected the Senate members will name From the time of its first meeting in April are demanding; flexibility, versatility, man­ Senator Case of New Jers~y Vice Chairman of 1973, to the present the OTA Board itself agerial skills, and a variety of professional for this Congress. has "shaken down" considerably. It is, experience are required; and also an under­ The Office of Technology Assessment is nevertheless, still in the process of deter­ standing of legislative politics, procedures still in its infancy and it must, necessarily, mining its internal procedures and its and policies is very desirable. crawl before it walks or runs. For all prac­ methodology for setting priorities. PROBLEMS THAT NEED ATTENTION tical purposes, it has been in business really In my opinion, the Board has done re­ (1) Appropriate relationships must be for only about eight months. markably well in maintaining its politically achieved for etl'ective liaison and assistance What is OTA's record? What are its bipartisan approach without serious con­ with both the Congressional Research Service strengths and constructive progress, what flicts. I suppose no better example of this and the General Accounting Office. A good weaknesses or mistakes ... what opportuni­ exists than the fact mentioned above, that start appears to have been made here in the ties or obstacles can we anticipate immedi­ it now appears the Board will follow in the time thus far available, but it is clear that ately ahead, or in the longer term? 94th Congress the precedent we established maximum utllity of these agencies as they Viewed in the perspective of the confu­ this year of having its Chairman from the interrelate with OTA has yet to be realized. sions and difficult growing pains character­ Majority party and its Vice Chairman from (2) Another very important working re­ istic of every new government unit, I be­ the Minority party. lationship is that between OTA and the Na­ lieve OTA's record to date deserves high Similarly, the Technology Assessment Ad­ tional Science Foundation, especially as to marks. I believe it has earned confident, con­ visory Council, after some understandable the utilization of the latter in the techniques tinuing support by the Congress, with full early uncertainty as to its mission, now has and methodologies of technology assessment. reason to expect from it increasingly useful, begun to carve out a useful and much The organic act creating OTA provided spe­ constructive results of great practical value. needed supportive role in cooperation with cifically for this sort of reciprocity with Those of us who are close to it are confident the Board. NSF. It may be that before long OTA will that the OTA is a productive investm~nt that In addition, each of OTA's assessment wish to create a permanent division devoted will pay excellent dividends. programs includes a special Consulting Ad­ exclusively to promotion of assessment tech­ But we also invite objective evaluation, visory Committee of expert private citizens niques which are as yet uncertain, unproved. and especially constructive criticism, from in the field to be covered. We are grateful (3) We must also be aware that OTA has a all interested observers. to those who have provided such assistance statutory responsibility under P.L. 93-344 What really is the Office of Technology As­ to OTA so far. They have worked hand-in­ to assist the new Congressional Budget Office sessment? Exactly what kinds of dividends hand with the OTA staff and have made in­ in review and analysis of the Federal R&D are expected from it? valuable contributions. budget. It is a new arm of the Congress, created by LIMITATIONS And OTA must work closely with Execu­ the Congress, responsible only to it; it is tive agencies to assemble relative and avail­ unique, unprecedented, though somewhat (1) Budgets--OTA's beginning budgets are relatively small; $2 million for fiscal year able facts. It is my impression at this point analagous to the General Accounting Office that this liaison has been very construc­ and the Library of Congress in that they '74; $4.6 million for fiscal '75; $6.5 million is tive thus far. being requested for '76. This limitation, of also are of, by and for the Congress, even ( 4) I think it imperative that the relation­ though not a part of Congress per se • . . course, works both ways and as yet it should ships between the Technology Assessment they all perform an intimate service for the not be considered a handicap. It does keep OTA from moving too fast, from being easily Board and the Advisory Council be mutually Legislative Branch. helpful and effective, including a. better un­ The principal purpose of OTA is to re­ "pressured;" it forces us to be carefully derstanding between them regarding proce­ spond to the increasingly urgent needs of selective. On the other hand, and in order dures, assignments and authority. Again, a the Senate and House Committees for ade­ to provide some perspective to our budget, good deal has been accomplished but much quate, accm·ate, evaluated information; it is let me point out that before OTA came into remains to be done. This is particularly im­ being, the government spent $20 million or expected to provide expert and objective data portant in view of the rotation of terms o! and useful information concerning problems, so on a largely incomplete and meaning­ less assessment of the SST before abandon­ Advisory Council members, and inevitable questions and opportunities in areas of sci­ changes in the Board, which require aware­ ence and technology. Today, in almost every ing it. Also the Project Independence energy assessment cost over $10 million for a six ness and effort to maintain continuity in policy decision required of the Congress there healthy relations between the two groups. are baffiing technological questions. Many month period, more than 20 times the J\,lembers of both Houses have long felt an amount OTA has available for energy as­ ( 5) I suggest that we House Members on urgent need for a much more adequate source sessments on a half year basis. Similarly, the OTA Board have not, as yet, participated of expert and independent Information, in­ the assessment for an Ala,r;ka Pipeline ran as fully and effectively in the Board's de­ dependent of the Executive Branch and re­ somewhere between $10 to $16 mttlton, de­ cisions as we should. In the OTA's first1year sponsive only to the Congress. We definitely 'pending on whose figures are used. These the Senate definitely was the dominate part­ need a more accurate, confident understand­ figures are useful in sugg«>st!pg to Members ner. ing of the consequences of technological pro- the real tnodest y of the OT A program. I am not suggesting that OTA Board mem- Januar-y 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1995

bers should ever think of themselves pr1- only 1f he has sulficient :authority and dis­ Whereas with a special sense of humble marily as -spokesm-en for the House or Senate cretum. OTA's Director must .not be sub­ gratitude, :reverence. and honor. then there­ respectively. Quite the 'Opposltel 1: believe jected to multiple lines of directiGn; he must fore every member ot the "Board. should. Virginia, and Eliza­ oversight, the Board would be in a posi­ ster," Ware told Murphy. "We kept milk in beth Wile, all Lexington, Joe Helm Jr., Lucy, tion to react quickly and in the public the well. Police on the beats lit the street and John Blakey Helm all Louisvllle, and interest to day-to-day management and lamps. There were no paved roads." Sarah Randolph and John Lawton McBrayer, regulatory problems while also being in But boyhood dreams soon gave way to ma­ both Covington. a position to evaluate the system and ture ambitions, and Ware decided on a career Services: 1 p.m. Thursday, First Baptist anticipate problems without waiting on in law. Church, Covington. Visitation: 4 to 9 p.m. Congress for enabling legislation. There Ware went to Ohio for his legal training, Wednesday, Swindler, Latonia. Burial: High­ is much talk about the evolution of the graduating in 1903 from Cincinnati Law land Cemetery. School. He was the last surviving member of The family suggests memorials to charity national securities market system, but his class of 1917. of choice. no one really knows what this evolution He immediately was admitted to the bar will entail. By delegating to the Board and returned to Covington to establish his authority over key elements of the sys­ practice. tem, both industry and the public would On Sept. 19, 1906, he married Louise Cul­ NATIONAL SECURITIES MARKET be assured of maximum involvement in bertson in the old Madison Ave. Presbyterian BOARD guiding the system's evolution. Church. The couple lived together until Mrs. Ware's death in December 1972. A second advantage is the clear deline­ Orie Ware quickly made a name for him­ HON. W. S. (BILL) STUCKEY ation of regulatory responsibility for the self-both politically and personally. OF GEORGIA national securities market system. The A life-long Democrat, he was named Cov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Board would not add another regulatory ington Postmaster by President Wilson in layer; rather it would prevent the occur­ 1914 and held the position until 1921. He was Friday, January 31, 1975 rence of either overlapping regulatory a member of the House of Representatives Mr. STUCKEY. Mr. Speaker, the responsibilities or a void of self-regula­ 1927-1929; a U.S. commissioner in Coving­ ton 1942-1947 and Kenton circuit judge 1957- securities industry in this country is in tory authority. My bill would accomplish 1958. the midst of change. Some of these this by providing that the securities ex­ Ware was known for his impartiality and changes will take the form of refining changes and the National Association of fairness-the value of which sometimes was certain "housekeeping" procedures. Most Securities Dealers would continue to per­ lost on criminals who appeared before him. of these are spelled out in H.R. 10, the form those self-regulatory functions not Kentucky Post Staff Wirter Burl Russel re­ recently introduced Securities Reform performed by the Board. The Board's au­ calls the case of a man scheduled to appear Act of 1975, which is identical to the before Judge Ware. thority would be limited to the national "In a pretrial interview the man told his omnibus securities bill reported almost securities market system: the criteria for sorry little tale and the reporter concluded unanimously by the Interstate and determining the eligibility of securities to by saying, 'Well, you know Orie Ware is a Foreign Commerce Committee late in the be traded within the system, and the fair judge.' " 93d Congress. crite1ia governing and regulating a trans­ "Hell yes! I know he is a fair man," the Other changes which the securities in­ actional reporting system and a com­ accused snorted. dustry and markets will be experiencing posite quotation system. "But that's not what I need. I want a judge in the very near future will result in Before briefly summarizing the bill's who will believe my story." significant structural changes. Some of Ware also was known for his prodigious provisions, it should be pointed out that memory. "He had the most remarkable power these will be brought about by the un­ I am introducing this proposal in bill of recall of any man I've ever known," Ware's fixing of Commission rates, by virtue of form in order to facilitate the solicitation son and law partner James Ware said. the Securities and Exchange Commis­ of comment and re•,iew. I plan to offer "He knew everyone's birthday and he would sion's adoption of rule 19b-3 last week, offer this bill as an amendment to title go up and down the street and tell everyone and by the establishment of a national VI of H.R. 10, if that is the vehicle chosen how old they were," the younger Ware said. securities market system for securities by the subcommittee for markup. "A lot of people will rest easy now." trading as provided for in title VI of In reviewing and commenting on this Former Kentucky Post Staff Writer Howard H.R. 10. The bill directs the SEC to Raver remembers the time he and Orie Ware proposal, I would encourage interested were having lunch at Ramey's Cafeteria, Cov­ establish such a system which is to in­ parties to focus on: First, the need for a ington. Ware recited the name and tenure of clude, as a minimum, a transactional re­ self-regulatory body for the national se­ every Covington mayor since 1920. porting system, a composite quotation curities market system-an industry Ware, an active Mason, was a past grand system, and a scheme of regulation to board with public representation-and master of Kentucky and was a member of provide for fair competition between second, the areas of the system over Covington Lodge No. 109, the Scottish Rite competitors in the system. which the self-regulatory body should be a.nd the Olika Shrine. The development and implementation granted jurisdiction in order to insure In recent years he had become something of these three aspects of the national of a local sage and oracle and on several oc­ that the system operates smoothly, in casions reminisced about his life and what it securities market system is no easy the public interest, and with an eye to­ had meant to him. undertaking. How this is accomplished ward future needs. After these major "I have lived in a great period--electricity, will impact directly on the viability of substantive points are addressed, then the auto, airplane, radio, television, space ex­ the securities industry, the corporations I think it would be helpful to comment ploration, inventive genius and industrial de­ raising capital through the equities mar­ on other provisions such as how many velopment," he said in a 1971 interview. kets, and the public investors who directly Board members there should be, how "On the other hand," he went on, "the sim- or indirectly commit their funds to the they should be elected, who they should ple general rules of 2000 years ago ... integ- growth of America's publicly owned represent, et cetera. rity and honesty, love and charity ... remain companies. Given the nature of this We are fast approaching the imple­ the real :!unda.mentals of good living and a undertaking, whose outcome is uncer­ good life." mentation of key elements of the na- tain from the outset, and given the tional securities market system. I would 2002 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 19t5 hope that if there is no consensus over Subsection (g) delineates the Board's "PARTE-PURCHASE OF MOBILE HEALTH UNITS other matters, there would at least be area of jurisdiction. The Board's rules FOR MEDICALLY UNDERSERVED AREAS consensus on the need to stop haggling shall: First, establish criteria for deter­ "STATEMENT OF PURPOSE over who would have veto power and mining the eligibility of securities to be "SEC. 651. It is the purpose of this part to who should receive special privileges in traded within the system; and, second, a&Sist in the provision of adequate health the system. establish criteria govertting and regu­ care through special project grants for the I would also hope that this proposal lating a consolidated transactional purchase of mobile health units to provide needed health services to individuals resid­ coupled with agreements hammered out reporting system and a composite ing in medically underserved areas. last Congress on important provisions of quotation system. H.R. 10 would be recognized as positive Subsection (h) gives the SEC respon­ ''DEFINITIONS "SEc. 652 . For the purposes of this par t, steps in the direction of designing the sibility for promulgating rules to assw·e the term- new system before it designs itself in the fair and equitable treatment of all • ('1) 'mobile health unit' mes.ns a van, an ad hoc fashion to the possible detri­ participants in the system and to co­ trailer, truck, bus, or other similar vehicle ment of the industry, listed corporations, ordinate functions among the various properly equipped to provide needed health public investors, and the Nation's capital markets comprising the system. services (including dental care) in a desig­ markets. Subsection Barry Goldwater, Charlie Wakker, reneged, the Administration sought to blame statement was made more than 200 Mark Russell, Liz Carpenter, who also love the Congress-and then to exploit the Soviet Barnee. years ago, the truth of it was brought All for the benefit of charity to make life action to inhibit the Congress from playing home here recently, when Senator Hu­ its Constitutional role in establishing tariffs better for thousands of others-to give hap­ and regulating credits. BERT H. HUMPHREY, Democrat Of Min­ piness, to give health, and to give hope. Some commentators have suggested that nesota, spoke at the dinner given by Yes, Barnee not only has his pitchfork the October 18 compromise might have James W. Ballard, vice president of the as a sinner-and uses it well, but he has won worked if it had been kept secret. Not only Shoreham American Hotel in Wash­ his wings as a saint, and has an ironclad is this contradicted by the repeat ed public ington, D.C. for Barnee Breeskin, writer contract for the run of the show. reaffirmations by the Administration of the of the well-known song, ''Hail to the October 18 compromise after it had been REMARKS BY SENATOR HUBERT H. HUMPHREY Redskins." Some people have been generous enough to announced but, more important, it implies The dining room was filled with peo­ that the Congress would have been willing suggest that I am not often at a loss for to modify the Jackson amendment on the ple from all walks of life, but mainly words. Others have suggested that sucll a strength of intimations that there had been lawmakers, Members of Congress from loss might have certain beneficial effects. a "secret deal" that would justify such ac­ both houses and both sides of the aisles. Be that as it may, to do justice to the long tion. I could not ask my 534 Congressional I was privileged to be there with my wife and richly varied career of Ba.rnee Breeskin colleagues to enact authority for the Presi­ and to be seated with the honored guest, is to tax the powers of a Cicero. dent to waive the House-passed Jackson­ To do so is to return to a simpler and more Barnee Breeskin. It was a gala and nos­ gracious time--the age of the great theaters Vanik amendment without a full disclosure talgic evening, and it proved to a great of the compromise that justified doing so, and the great hotels. nor could Congress have fulfilled its statu­ extent the gentleman's observations We live in an era in which rock groups tory obligation to review the implementation about writing songs and writing laws. with names like Big Fat and the Pork Barrel of the compromise after 18 months if it had In addition to Senator and Mrs. Hum­ are national idols for six months before they remained secret. The fact is the Administra­ phrey, other Members present were: disappear into oblivion. But Barnee con­ tion fully understood that the compromise House Majority Leader THOMAS O'NEILL, ducted the orchestra in the Blue Room for could not be a "secret deal." 25 years. House Minority Leader JOHN RHODES, By any standard, this is a superlative rec­ EMIGRATION, CREDITS, AND THE FUTURE Representative CORINNE (LINDY) BOGGS, ord, and a testament to Barnee's excellent The $300 million ceiling on loans to the Senator CARL CuRTIS, Margaret Truman music and warm personal appeal. But there Soviet Union can, under existing law, be Daniel, and her husband; Argentine were other testaments to that charm, too. increased With Congressional approval. In my Ambassador Orfila, Redskin Coach Perhaps the most notable occurred one judgment, the Congress should not abdicate George Allen, and many others of simi­ night in 1943, when a proinising young opera its responsibility to oversee the disposition lar official and unofficial standing. singer named Dolores DiMinni came to sing of U.S. credits, particularly to the country in the Blue Room. She struck a melodious whose policies require us to spend billions The tributes expressed that evening chord in the heart of the conductor, and she of dollars for defense. Congress cannot for­ to Mr. Breeskin were best summed up and Barnee were married two years later. feit the public's confidence by giving the Ad­ by Hon. Donald S. Dawson, executive Mr. Justice Frank Murphy wrote them, ministration a multi-billion dollar blank vice president of the P. T. Barnum Tent regret ting that Supreme Court Justices could check to subsidize the Soviet economy. On of Circus Saints and Sinners, and Sen­ not perform weddings, since they had only this matter, I would like to commend to my ator HUMPHREY. Excerpts from their re­ appellate jurisdiction. "In your case," Justice colleagues the excellent statement by Sen­ marks follows: Murphy said, "I am sure you will not need ator Adlai Stevenson on January 21. any court of appeal this side of heaven." That REMARKS OF DONALD S . DAWSON In supporting the Jackson-Vanik amend­ sentiment proved prophetic, and is still true ment the Congress has upheld the tradi­ I nm very happy to be in this distin­ thirty years later. tional American commitment to individual guished company, as the representative of During their years together, Barnee and liberty. In negotiating the compromise of Circus Saints & Sinners, where Barnee is Dolores had two sons, both of whom are here October 18 and incorporating its provisions Ringmaster of the Big Top, paying tribute tonight. with the original Jackson-Vanik language to him, not only because I am a card-carry­ ing saint and sinner; David, the oldest, is assistant mans:~.ger of into the Trade Act, the Congress acted both Ferguson's piano store in Wheaton, Mary­ in the hope that our good faith would be But also as one who came to Washing­ land, and an accomp-lished pianist in his own rewarded by good faith on the Soviet side, ton a long time ago-April 27, 1933 to be right. Steven's talents run more to the area and with the prudence of providing legisla­ exact-and danced in the Blue Room to of high finance. He's a claims adjust er for tive safeguards which deny the affected eco­ Barnee's music every Saturday night and All-State Insurance. nomic benefits to the Soviet Union in the every New Years' Eve. event of bad faith. But before either David or Steven were What a great part of the good life of Wash­ born, Barnee had given birth to a far different Our determination on these matt ers is all ingt on, Barnee has been through the years­ the more justified by President Ford's Jan­ sort of progeny when he wrote "Hail to the and more importantly, what a great part Redskins" in 1938, the year the team m oved uary 21 statement that the Administration he is going to play in the future good life here from Boston. In fact, history has it that intends to "work wit h the Congress to elim­ of Washington, for I have found him to be Barnee and Dolores had to adjust t heir mar­ inate any of the problems in the trade bill a man of unlimited capacity for doing riage plans in order to attend a Redskins that might have precipitated the action by good-unselfishly. game. the Soviet Union." This unfortunate reaction Circus Saints and Sinners is a charitable They were married on Sa turday, October suggests that we should reward an egregious organizat ion, which also believes in having 7th. But Barnee had to lead the band at the Soviet breach of good faith with increased a good time in the atmosphere of the circus, Redskins game the next day-thus creating while it is doing gOod for others. This is our largesse and a weakening of our insistence thing. the first football widow in American history. This second love affair would last for !our­ that they move toward freer emigration. As our President, Barnee is a real force in I do not believe that the Congress will teen years, during which Barnee served as our life-a real force in the life of Wash­ the official entertainment director for Red­ respond to the disappointing Soviet move ington. by abandoning its commitment to help bring skins owner George Preston Marshall until When we picked him, we knew he was a 1954. 2006 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1975 Meantime, Barnee's career at the Shoreham resources the American way. I include 3. Synthetic gas and oil. The Federal gov­ continued, and he played the favorite songs pertinent parts of Dr. Bethe's communi­ ernment should underwrite crash programs of Presidents and Congressmen--or what on demonstration plants for synthetic gas passed for their favorite songs. Harry Tru­ cation of January 2, 1975: from coal, and oil from shale. The technology man, for example, did not particularly like CORNELL UNIVERSITY, for such plants is in hand, so that this is the "Missouri Waltz," but he was stuck with Ithaca, N.Y., January 2,1975. not a problem of research and development. it. Then-Senator Lyndon Johnson, however, Hon. JOHN M. MURPHY, But major investment is required to get dem­ enjoyed basking in "The Eyes of Texas Are House Office Building, onstration plants built. In the case of gas Upon You." And whether Texas was watch­ Washington, D.C. from coal, the only action that may be nec­ ing or not, the Shoreham was. MY DEAR MR. MURPHY: Thank you very essary is to induce the Federal Power Com­ It was watching so carefully, in fact, that much for your letter dated December 19. mission to promise to accept synthetic gas in 1951 a group of Senators and other gentle­ Indeed, Congress has a great opportunity into pipelines at the usual condition of "fair men of the night decided to give Barnee a here, and much work has to be done. return on the investment". If such fair re­ party on his twenty-first anniversary at the As far as legislation is concerned, I see turn could be guaranteed, I understand there hotel. He was presented with two pictures of the greatest urgency in three areas: are several industrial combines which would Presidents: an autographed portrait of Harry 1. Increased coal production. We must at be willing to put up synthetic gas plants. Truman, and the engraved portrait of Grover least double coal production in the next 10 Many thanks for your interest. Cleveland--on a $1,000 bill. years, even if we anticipate only a very mod­ Yours sincerely, So widespread and respected was Barnee's est increase in energy consumption. To ac­ HANS A. BETHE. reputation, that the entire party, including complish this, strip mining is unavoidable, guest list, was reported in the Congressional and most of it must be done in the Western I should also ask consideration of Record. states. If underground mining were to be recomn:.endations by a top panel of In late April 1957, Barnee received an un­ used, we could not possibly find and train scientists, including 11 blessed by the precedented honor. enough miners to accomplish the jo"J. It is therefore necessary to devise a law Nobel Prize, who recently came out No President had ever asked a local musi­ strongly for peaceful nuclear energy to cian to entertain at the White House. But which (a.) permits and, in fact, encourages when President and Mrs. Eisenhower held a strip mining in the Western states and (b) save oil and money and lives. state dinner to honor Speaker of the House has provisions to restore the strip-mined land What they concluded should be mean­ Sam Rayburn, Barnee was asked to play. to agriculture, pastureland, etc. It is essential ingful to most Americans: Not only was this unprecedented, it was that the coal mining companies be forced On any scale the benefits of a clean, inex­ amazingly bi-partisan. It was common to pay for the rehabilitation, and that the pensive, and inexhaustible domestic fuel far knowledge that Barnee used to play piano money for this be put in escrow while the outweigh the possible risks. duets with President Truman, and had per­ mining goes on. It does not seem necessary We can see no reasonable alternative to an formed for all of Mr. Truman's birthday to me to restore the original contours of increased use of nuclear power to satisfy our parties. the land, except if this is essential for proper energy needs. But Ike invited him anyway, and the even­ drainage. ing was a great success, even for Mr. Sam, It is essential that procedures for leasing It is fair to say that the bad news whose ear for music was not perhaps as keen Federal coal lands be streamlined, and that travels fast and that outrage, violence as it might have been. The Speaker of the such leasing start immediately. and innuendo make for better show busi­ House grudgingly conceded that he had en­ 2. On nuclear energy, procedures for siting energy facilities, in the nuclear case mostly ness than the reasoned arguments of joyed the performance because, as he said, competent authorities. Barnee gave no encores." power plants, must be streamlined. One of the worst features of the present procedure For whatever reason, the pronuclear is that every new power plant involves pro­ scientists did not receive much coverage OIL IMPORT TAX tracted hearings with intervenors. As you over the airwaves or in the printed press. probably know, Ralph Nader has founded a For that reason, and because Congress group called "National Intervenors" who are devoted to blocking each nuclear power should not be denied their side, I include HON. JOHN M. MURPHY plant individually. Would it be possible to the scientists' statement with my OF NEW YORK pass a law that objections against a given remarks: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES type of reactor can be raised only once, at a SCIENTISTS' STATEMENT ON ENERGY POLICY Friday, January 31, 1975 general, nationwide procedure? If a reactor WASHINGTON, D.C., January 16.-We, as of this type is then to be placed in a given scientists and citizens of the United States, Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. site, objections can only be raised on the believe that the Republic is in the most Speaker, regarding the vote soon to be grounds of specific features of the site, such serious situation since World War II. Today's taken on the resolution concerning Pres­ as close proximity to a major population energy crisis is not a matter of just a few ident Ford's oil import tax, I would insert center, or exceptional scenic beauty. Objec­ years but of decades. It is the new and pre­ tions to the reactor as such would be out of dominant fact of life in industrialized at this point in the RECORD, statements order. that offer positive alternatives the societies. to A second important piece of legislation The high price of oil which we must now negative and unfair taxation approach would be the extension of the Price-Ander­ import in order to keep Americans at their of the administration. son Act, if possible with some improvements. jobs threatens our economic structure­ Because of his world renown, I ask for As you know, the probability of a nuclear indeed, that of the Western World. Energy is and received the counsel of Hans Bethe, accident is very small, as shown in detail in the lifeblood of all modern societies and they professor of theoretical physics and a the AEC Report WASH-1400 by Professor are currently held hostage by a price struc­ Rasmussen and collaborators. According to ture that they are powerless to influence. member of the Laboratory of Nuclear this report, once we have 100 operating nu­ Studies at Cornell University, N.Y., con­ In the next three to five years conservation clear plants, there is a chance that once in is essentially the only energy option. We can cerning our energy crisis. 2000 years an accident occurs which causes and we must use energy and existing sources Dr. Bethe stressed three goals of material damage in excess of one billion dollars. (The danger to life, on the other more intelligently. But there must also be "greatest urgency." These goals are: long range realistic plans and we deplore the First, doubling coal production in 10 hand, is very small; the same type of acci­ dent is estimated to cause about 10 fatali­ fact that they are developing so slowly. We years; second, cutting the redtape slow­ ties.) A damage potential of a billion dollars also deplore the fact that the public is given ing nuclear-electric stations; and third, or more presents difficulties for the private unrealistic assurances that there are easy underwriting crash programs for syn­ insurance industry, even if the probability solutions. There are many interesting pro­ thetic gas from coal, and oil from shale. is very small. Therefore, the Price-Anderson posals for alternative energy sources which Dr. Bethe waves no magic wands, but bill provides Federal insurance against nu­ deserve vigorous research effort, but none of he leaves no doubt that such efforts will clear accidents, but it is scheduled to expire them is likely to contribute significantly to be rewarding in a few years and that very soon. Perhaps the Federal government our energy supply in this century. conservation is a necessary interim must. could insure against damage above 1 billion Conservation, while urgently necessary and dollars if such ever occurs in a nuclear acci­ highly desirable, also has its price. One man's I am most persuaded by the views of dent. Lesser damage would be covered by conservation may be another man's loss o! this famous scientist whose efforts on private insurers. The risk for the govern­ job. Conservation, the first time around, can behalf of mankind have earned the ment would be small; with a chance of 1 in trim off fat, but the second time will cut Nobel Prize in physics, 1967, the AEC's 2000 years, the annual risk would be only deeply. Enrico Fermi Award, 1961, the Max 500,000 dollars. When we search for domestic energy Planck Medal, 1953, and the Presidential Most important, though not calling for sources to substitute for imported oil, we Medal of Merit, 1946. specific legislation, is to resist attempts to must look at the whole picture. If we look Because of my own abhorrence of curtail the further use and development of at each possible energy source separately, we punative taxation and rationing, I am nuclear power. In a time of energy emer­ can easily find fault with each of them, and especially grateful for Dr. Bethe's posi­ gency we simply cannot afford such cur­ rule out each one. Clearly, this would mean tive prescription for increasing energy tailment. the end of our civilization as we know it. JanuaTy 31, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2007 Our domestic oil reserves are running down Richard H. Chamberlain-chairman, De­ missioner's report for fiscal year 1973 and the deficit can only partially be replaced partment of Radiology, University of Penn­ gives this breakdown of Federal tax by the new sources in Alaska; we must, in sylvania. addition, permit off-shore exploration. Nat­ Cyril L. Comar-chairman, Department ot collected. ural gas is in a similar critical condition; 1n Physical Biology, Cornell UniversltyA Of the $237 billion collected-corpor­ the last seven years new discoveries have run Arthur Ka.ntrowitz-AVCO-Everett Re­ ations paid $39 billion, while individual far below our level of gas consumption. Only search Laboratory. and employment taxes accounted for $177 with strong measures could we hope to re­ Ralph E. Lapp-Energy Consultant, Alex, billion. Personal income taxes were near­ verse this trend. andria, Va. ly 75 percent of the total Federal rev­ We shall have to make much greater use Joshua Lederberg :L-Department of Genet­ enues collected in fiscal year 1973. Cor­ of solid fuels. Here coal and uranium are the ics, Stanford University. porations paid little more than 15 per­ most important options. This represents a Willard F. Libby :~-Department of Chem­ profound change in the character of the istry, University of Dalifornia., Los Angeles. cent of the entire taxload. The multi­ American fuel economy. The nation has truly Franklin A. Long-center for Science, national oil companies, whose tax base is great reserves of these solid fuels in the Technology and Society, Cornell University. significantly diminished because of the earth. Our economically recoverable coal re­ Edwin M. McMillan :~-Director, Lawrence existence of the oil depletion allowance serves are estimated to be 250 blllion tons Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif. and the foreign tax credit writeoff greatly and exceed the energy of the world's total oil Kenneth S. Pitzer-Dept. of Chemistry, contribute t<' this disproportionate tax­ reserves. Our known uranium ores poten­ University of Calif., Berkeley, Calif. tially equal the energy of 6,000 blllion tons load. Edward M. Purcellt_Dept. of Physics, I believe it is now time for Congress of coal; lower grade ore promises even more Harvard University. abundance. I. I. Ra.bit_Professor of Physics, Emeritus, to expand and embrace a more compre­ The U.S. choice is not coal or uranium; Columbia University. hensive and far-reaching tax reform we need both. Coal is irreplaceable as the Norman Rasmussen-Dept. of Nuclear En­ package-a substantive but fair revision basis of new synthetic fuels to replace oil gineering, Mass. Institute of Technology. of our present taxing laws that will in­ and natural gas. Roger Revelle-Director, Harvard Center clude such provisions as: However, we see the primary use of solid for Population Studies. Fh·st, a review and possibly a read­ fuels, especially of uranium, as a source of Glenn T. 8ea.borg :~-Associate Director, electricity. Uranium power, the culmination justment of the social security tax laws. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories. The current application of these laws of basic discoveries in physics, is an engi­ Fredrick Seltz-President, Rockefeller Uni­ neered reality generating electricity today. versity. hits low- and middle-income families the Nuclear power has its critics, but we believe Edward Teller-Lawrence Livermore Lab­ hardest; they lack perspective as to the feasibility of oratory, Livermore, Calif. Second, the provision of tax credits for non-nuclear power sources and the gravity James A. Van Allen-Chairman, Dept. of home; condominium improvements, es­ of the fuel crisis. Physics, University of Iowa. All energy release involve risks and nuclear pecially those which promote energy con­ power is certainly no exception. The safety Warren Weaver-Mathematician, New servation such as solar energy equipment Milford, Conn. and insulation; of civilian nuclear power has been under Alvin Weinberg-Former Director, O.ak public survelllance without parallel in the Ridge National Laboratory. Third, the provision of tax allowances history of technology. As in any new tech­ Victor F. Weisskopf-Department of Phy­ for child care services for working par­ nology there is a learning period. Contrary to ents, A nonworking adult does not gen­ the scare publicity given to some mistakes sics, Mass. Institute of Technology. that have occurred, no appreciable amount Edward Wenk, Jr.-Dlrector, Program in erate a single tax dollar for the Govern­ of radioactive material has escaped from any Social Management Tech., U. of Washington. ment; and commercial U.S. power reactor. We have con­ Eugene Wigner ]._Professor of Theoretical Fourth, retirement and income credit fidence that technical ingenuity and care in Physics, Princeton University. updating for Federal and public em­ Richard Wilson-Department of Physics, operation can continue to improve the safety ployees who do not have social ~ecurity in all phases of the nuclear power program, Harvard University. exemptions. including the difficult areas of transportation Mr. Speaker, taxes are never easy. No and nuclear waste disposal. The separation of the Atomic Energy Commission into the matter what, taxes will have to be paid Energy Research and Development Adminis­ TAX REFORM by someone. Our aim must be to make tration and the Nuclear Regulatory Com­ ow· tax burden more fair and just. mission provides added reassurance for real­ istic management of potential risks and HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN benefits. On any scale the benefits of a. clean, OF FLORIDA inexpensive, and inexhaustible domestic fuel IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EMERGENCY HOMEOWNERS' RE­ far outweigh the possible risks. LIEF ACT SPONSORED BY 85 We can see no reasonable alternative to an Friday, January 31, 1975 increased use of nuclear power to satisfy our MEMBERS energy needs. Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, a tax cut Many of us have worked for a long time this year would provide some relief for on energy problems and therefore we feel the our troubled economy and could help HON. THOMAS L. ASHLEY responsibllity to speak out. The energy fam­ ease the pressures so many of our citizens OF OHIO ine that threatens w1ll require many sacri­ are now experiencing. The danger, how­ fices on the part of the American people, but ever, lies in the fact that in our rush to IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES these will be reduced if we marshall the enact a basically one-shot tax cut, as Friday, January 31, 1975 huge scientific and technical resources of proposed by the President, we may well our country to improve the use of known Mr. ASHLEY. Mr. Speaker, on Janu­ energy sources. achieve only limited and short term suc­ ary 14 I introduced H.R. 34, the Emer­ Signed by: cess. Our tax system mandates the nec­ gency Homeowners' Relief Act, designed Hans Bethe ]._Organizing Chairman; Cor­ essary legislation to overhaul and correct to establish a temporary program of nell University Laboratory of Nuclear Stud­ existing inequities in the entire system. Federal assistance with mortgage pay­ ies. Mr. Speaker, people are more willing to ments for homeowners faced with fore­ Luis Alvarez ]._Lawrence Radiation Lab­ pay their share of the tax burden if it is closure because they have lost their jobs oratory, Berkeley, Calif. evenly applied. Equality of the tax load Peter Auer-Laboratory of Plasma Studies, or a significant part of their income dur­ Cornell University. does not exist under our present tax ing the current economic slump. This leg­ William 0. Baker-President, Bell Tele­ structure. As a result of shelters and islation is among the emergency hous­ phone Laboratories. other legal loopholes, some pay relatively ing proposals in the Democratic action John Ba.rdeen ]._Department of Physics, little tax in proportion to their income. program, and I am pleased to l'eintro­ University of Illinois. Large corporations can not claim a major duce it today with 84 of my colleagues as Robert F. Bacher-Department of Physics, share of the tax bite. Thirty years ago, cosponsors. California Institute of Technology. corporations paid nearly $4.8 billion to Felix Bloch t_Department of Physics, As unemployment continues to climb, Stanford University. the Federal Government. Individual in­ the number of seriously delinquent hous­ Norris E. Bradbury-Former Director, Los come taxes amounted to over $8 billion ing loans is at a near record rate and Alamos Scientific Laboratory. in Government revenues. The ms Com- rising, and it is estimated that as many Harold Brown-President, California In­ as half a million families could be fac­ stitute of Technology. 1 Nobel Prize in Physics. ing the loss of their homes by mid-year :~Nobel Prize in Chemistry. without some form of relief. Footnotes at end of article. 3 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. We have created an emergency public 2008 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS JanuaTy 31, 1975 service jobs program and approved ex­ Mr. MOORHEAD of California, Mr. MOOR­ peace of mind, and to move about as tended unemployment benefits to help HEAD of Pennsylvania, Mr. MURPHY of freely as men. those Americans most seriously hit by New York, Mr. NEAL, Mr. NEDZI, Mr. The text of the Rape Prevention and loss of income as the economy declines. NICHOLS, Mr. NIX, Mr. O'HARA, Mr. PAT­ Control Act follows: The largest financial obligation borne by MAN, Mr. REES, Mr. RIEGLE, Mr. RISEN­ H.R. 2303 many of these individuals is their month­ HOOVER, Mr. RosENTHAL, Mr. RoYBAL, Mr. A bill to establish a National Center for the ly mortgage payment, a bill which in­ RYAN, Mr. ST GERMAIN, Mr. SEIBERLING, Prevention and Control of Rape and pro­ creasing numbers of homeowners are Mr. SIMON, Mr. SrsK, Mr. SoLARZ, Mrs. vide financial assistance for a research and finding it difiicult to pay without a full­ SPELLMAN, Mr. STARK, Mr. STEPHENS, Mr. demonstration program into the causes, time job. The legislation I am sponsoring STOKES, Mr. STRATTON, Mr. STUDDS, Mrs. consequences, prevention, treatment, and is designed to protect these people's hard­ SULLIVAN, Mr. THOMPSON, Mr. TRAXLER, control of rape earned equity until the economy recovers Mr. VANDERVEEN, Mr. VIGORITO, Mr. WIL­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of and the jobless return to work. SON of California, and Mr. WRIGHT. Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act The Emergency Homeowners' Relief may be cited as the "Rape Prevention and Act authorizes and directs the Secretary Control Act". of Housing and Urban Development to N .o\TIONAL CENTER FOR CONTROL AND PREVENTION defray mortgage payments for such dis­ RAPE PREVENTION AND OF RAPE tressed homeowners until they are able to CONTROL ACT SEC. 2. Section 11 of the National Mental reassume their own obligations. These Health Act (63 Stat. 421) is amended by in­ are to be regarded as repayable loans, serting the subse<:tion designation " (a) " im­ and the Secretary will be responsible for Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke mediately before the first sentence and by OF CALIFORNIA adding at the end thereof the following new determining which homeowners are subsections: threatened with foreclosure and have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "(b) (1) The Secretary of Health, Educa­ reasonable prospects of eventually reim­ Friday, January 31, 1975 tion, and Welfare (hereinafter referred to as bursing the Government for all financial the •secretary') shall establish within the assistance received. The Secretary is em­ Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. National Institute of Mental Health a center powered to establish a revolving fund for Speaker, rape is one of this Nation's fast­ to be known as the National Center for the purposes of carrying out this act, and he est growing and least understood crimes. Control and Prevention of R8,pe (hereinafter is also given responsibility to set terms According to the 1973 Uniform Crime referred to as the 'Center) . of repayment of the loans. The maximum Report released by the FBI in August "(2) The Secretary, acting through the duration for relief payments for one fam­ 1974 over 51,000 women were the victims Center, shall conduct a continuing study ily is 2 years. of rape. This represents a 9 percent in­ and investigation of- crease over 1972. The skyroc~eting inci­ "(A) the effectiveness of existing Federal, Mr. Speaker, I believe that it is incum­ State, and local laws dealing with rape; bent upon the Federal Government to dence of reported rapes, the inadequacy of current rape laws, the indignities "(B) the relationship, if any, between tra­ create this kind of temporary program to ditional legal and social attitudes toward ease the threat to the principal financial often experienced by rape victims, and sexual roles, the act of rape, and the formu­ investment of many thousands of Ameri­ the low rate of rape convictions all point lation of laws dealing with rape; can families. With unemployment rising, to the need for a national rape preven­ "(C) the treatment of the victims of rape industrial production declining, and most tion effort. by law enforcement agencies, hospitals, or other economic indicators depressed at In the 93d Congress I introduced leg­ other medical institutions, prosecutors, and this time, the country can ill afford a islation to establish the National Center the courts; sharp upswing in mortgage foreclosures. for the Prevention and Control of Rape. "(D) the causes of rape, identifying to the This special center, to be located within degree possible- The Emergency Homeowners' Relief the National Institute of Mental Health, "(i) social conditions which encourage sex­ Act is a necessary and timely response would be responsible for financing and ual attacks; to the threat of dislocation and tragedy conducting research and demonstration "(ii) motivations of offenders, and for unknown numbers of American programs into the causes, consequences, "(iii) the impact of the offense on the vic­ households in the months ahead. For prevention, treatment, and control of tim and the families of the victim; those individuals who have already fallen rape. It would focus national attention "(E) sexual assaults in correctional insti­ behind with their monthly mortgage on the growing threat of rape in the life tutions; payments, help may come too late if we of every American woman. Moreover, the "(C) the treatment of the victims of rape do not act now. I intend to press for early National Center, in conjunction with the as compared to the reported cases and the action on this measure, and I am grati­ reasons therefor; and Justice Department, would study the "(G) the effectiveness of existing private, fied to have the support of so many of rape laws themselves as well as the pro­ my colleagues in this endeavor. and local and State government, education cedures surrounding the enforcement of and counseling programs designed to prevent Members joining me in sponsoring this those laws with the goals of determining and control rape. legislation are Ms. ABZUG, Mr. ADDABBO, the reasons for the low rate of rape con­ "(c) It shall be the duty of the Center to­ Mr. AllrmRO, Mr. .ANNuNziO, Mr. BADILLO, viction and drafting a model rape law. •• ( 1) compile, analyze, and publish and Mr. BIAGGI, Mrs. BoGGS, Mr. BOWEN, Mr. The provisions of the Rape Prevention annually submit, through the Secretary, to BRADEMAS, Mr. BRODHEAD, Mr. BROWN of and Control Act were included as title Congress a summary of the continuing study California, Mr. CARNEY, Mr. CARR, Mr. VIII conducted under subsection (b) and the of the Health Revenue Sharing and research and demonstration projects con­ CARTER, Mrs. CmsHOLM, Mr. CLAY, Mrs. Health Services Act, which passed both ducted under section 3 with recommenda­ COLLINS, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. DIGGS, Mr. the House and the Senate in late 1974. tions where appropriate; DRINAN, Mr. DuNcAN of Oregon, Mr. ED­ The bill was, however, pocket vetoed by "(2) develop and maintain an information WARDS of California, Mr. EILBERG, Mr. President Ford while Congress was ad­ clearinghouse with regard to- FAUNTROY, Mr. FLOOD, Mr. FORD of Ten­ journed. .. (A) the prevention and control of rape; I am reintroducing this legislation to­ "(B) the treatment and counseling of the nessee, Mr. FRAsER, Mr. FuLTON, Mr. victims of rape and their families; and FuQUA, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. day with the hope that Congress will "(C) the rehabilitation of offenders; HAYS of Ohio, Mr. HECHLER of West again take positive action and enact this .. (3) compile and publish training mate­ Virginia, Mr. HELSTOSKX, Mr. Hl:CKS, bill into law this session. This legislation rials for personnel who are engaged or in­ Ms. HOLTZMAN, Mr. JENRETTE, Mr. will help our Nation move toward a more tend to engage in programs designed to pre­ JoNES of North Carolina, Mrs. JoRDAN, respOnsible, more human system for vent and control rape. dealing with rape victims and a more " (d) For the purposes of carrying out the Mr. KA.RTH, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. LEHMAN, provisions of subsections (b) and (c) of this Mr. LEvrrAS, Mr. MAGUIRE, Mr. MATinS, effective law for dealing with the perpe­ section there are authorized to be appropri­ Mr. METCALFE, Mr. MEZVINSKY, Mr. MI­ trators of this crime. It would help us at ed such sums as may be necessary. NETA, Mr. MITCHELL of New York, Mr. move toward adequately protecting " (e) Funds available to any department MITCHELL of Maryland, Mr. MoAKLEY, women's rights to physical security, to or agency of the Government for research February 3, 1975 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 2009

and development for the prevention and con­ "PART G-RAPE PREVENTION "{c) There are authorized to be appro­ trol of rape shall be available for transfer "SEc. 281. (a) The Secretary, through the priated for carrying out the purposes of this with the approval of the head of the de­ National Center for the Control a.nd Preven­ part such sums a.s may be necessary. partment or agency involved, in whole or tion of Rape, shall make grants to commu­ ''ADVISORY COMMITTEE in part, to the Center for such use a.s is con­ nity mental health centers, nonprofit pri­ sistent for the purposes for which such funds vate organizations, and public agencies (de­ "SEc. 282. (a.) The Secretary shall estab­ were provided, and funds so transferred shall termined by the Secretary to be qualified), lish a.n advisory committee to advise, consuit be expendable by the Center for the purposes for the purpose of conducting research and with, and make recommendations to him on for which the transfer was made. demonstration projects concerning the con­ matters relating to rape prevention and con­ "(f) For the purpose of this section and trol and prevention of rape. trol. section 281 of the Community Mental Health "(b) Projects funded under subsection "(b) The provisions relating to the com­ Centers Act 'rape' shall include forcible, stat­ (a) shall include but not be limited to- position, terms of omce, and reappointment utory, and attempted rape, homosexual as­ "(1) alternative methods of planning, de­ of members of the advisory councils under saults, and other criminal sexual assaults.". veloping, implementing, and evaluating pro­ section 432 (a) of the Public Health Service grams used in the prevention and control RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS of rape, the treatment and counseling of vic­ Act shall be applicable to the committee es­ SEc. 3. The Community Mental Health Cen­ tims of rape and their families, and the tablished under this section, except that the ters Act (42 U.S.C. 2681) is amended by rehabilitation of offenders; Secretary may include on such committee adding at the end thereof the following "(2) application of methods developed such additional ex omcio members as he new part: under paragraph ( 1) • deeins necessary."

SENATE--Monday, February 3, 1975 The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian mittees be authorized to .meet during the ORDER OF BUSINESS and was called to order by the Vice session of the Senate today. Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, President. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob- I yield back the remainder of my time jection, it is so ordered. under the order. PRAYER The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the act­ ing minority leader seek recognition? The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward LEAVE OF ABSENCE L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following Mr. DOMENICI. I do not, at this time, prayer: MI·. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, Mr. President. 0 Lord of all life, God of our creation Mr. MANsFmLD will be officially absent The VICE PRESIDENT. Pursuant to and redemption, grant unto us a full today. Therefore, I ask unanimous con­ the previous order, the Senator from measure of Thy grace as we undertake sent, in accordance with rule V of the Maryland is recognized for not to exceed the tasks of a new week. Undergird each Standing Rules of the Senate, that the 15 minutes. of us who labor in the Halls of Govern­ distinguished majority leader be granted ment that we may be men and women a leave of absence during the session "for others,'' ever mindful of Him who today. worked with saw and hammer, who The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob­ FORCED BUSING OF taught and healed, who took the towel jection, it is so ordered. SCHOOLCHILDREN and wiped His disciples' feet, forever Mr. BEALL. Mr. President, last year showing us the way of humility and serv­ Congress on a number of occasions de­ ice. In tasks great and small may we live ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT bated the busing issue, and undoubtedly in the spirit of His example certain that this issue will again be before the Con­ whoever "is greatest among you shall be Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, gress this year. your servant." So serving may we lift I ask unanimous consent that when the Unfortunately, the debates on the is­ the life of the Nation and do all things Senate completes its business today, it sue thus far have produced a conSider­ to Thy glory. stand in adjournment until 12 noon to­ able amount of heat, but very little light. We pray in the Redeemer's name. morrow. The ugly headlines coming from Bos­ Amen. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob­ ton almost daily remind us of the strong jection, it is so ordered. opposition that our citizens have to