Izvannastavne Aktivnosti U Školskom Kurikulumu

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Izvannastavne Aktivnosti U Školskom Kurikulumu Izvannastavne aktivnosti u školskom kurikulumu Perla, Valentina Master's thesis / Diplomski rad 2020 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Teacher Education / Sveučilište u Rijeci, Sveučilište u Rijeci, Učiteljski fakultet Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:189:670676 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-07 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Teacher Education - FTERI Repository SVEUČILIŠTE U RIJECI UČITELJSKI FAKULTET U RIJECI Valentina Perla Izvannastavne aktivnosti u školskom kurikulumu DIPLOMSKI RAD Rijeka, 2020. II SVEUČILIŠTE U RIJECI UČITELJSKI FAKULTET U RIJECI Integrirani preddiplomski i diplomski sveučilišni učiteljski studij Izvannastavne aktivnosti u školskom kurikulumu DIPLOMSKI RAD Predmet: Didaktika Mentor: izv. prof. dr. sc. Petra Pejić Papak Student: Valentina Perla Matični broj (JMBAG): 02990096052 U Rijeci srpanj, 2020. III IZJAVA O AKADEMSKOJ ČESTITOSTI „Izjavljujem i svojim potpisom potvrđujem da sam diplomski rad izradila samostalno, uz preporuke i savjetovanje s mentorom. U izradi rada pridržavala sam se Uputa za izradu diplomskog rada i poštivala odredbe Etičkog kodeksa za studente/studentice Sveučilišta u Rijeci o akademskom poštenju.“ _______________________ Potpis studenta IV SAŽETAK Škola ima obvezu učenicima ponuditi sadržaje kojima će kvalitetno ispuniti svoje organizirano slobodno vrijeme, a to se najčešće postiže organizacijom izvannastavnih aktivnosti. Izvannastavne aktivnosti predstavljaju neposredni odgojno-obrazovni oblik rada koji se za svaku školsku godinu planira i organizira u sklopu Školskog kurikuluma. Izvannastavne aktivnosti osmišljava učitelj-voditelj aktivnosti, koji posjeduje kompetencije za učinkovitu provedbu u okruženju. Iz ponude izvannastavnih aktivnosti različitih odgojno-obrazovnih područja učenici odabiru aktivnosti prema svojim interesima, motivaciji i sklonosti prema određenom odgojno-obrazovnom području. Sudjelujući u izvannastavnim aktivnostima učenici na kreativan i stvaralački način proširuju svoja znanja i stječu nove vještine i iskustva, druže se s vršnjacima te kvalitetno provode svoje slobodno vrijeme. S ciljem istraživanja ponude izvannastavnih aktivnosti različitih odgojno- obrazovnih područja kurikuluma, studijem dokumentacije školskih kurikuluma, analizirala se ponuda izvannastavnih aktivnosti za učenike od 1. do 8. razreda osnovnih škola Primorsko-goranske županije. Analizirano je ukupno 56 školskih kurikuluma osnovnih škola te su prikazani rezultati ponude aktivnosti s obzirom na odgojno-obrazovna područja s pripadajućim ishodima koji se aktivnostima ostvaruju, dobnu skupinu za koju je aktivnost osmišljena i specifičnosti aktivnosti po geografskom području. Prikupljeni podaci pokazuju kako je u ponudi škola 556 različitih naziva izvannastavnih aktivnosti, koje se svrstavaju u sedam kurikulumskih područja. Najzastupljenije su izvannastavne aktivnosti unutar jezično- komunikacijskog i umjetničkog područja, dok je aktivnostima najmanje zastupljeno matematičko područje kurikuluma. Prema broju skupina odgojno-obrazovnih područja nešto je više skupina koje su namijenjene učenicima predmetne nastave u odnosu na skupine za učenike razredne nastave, ali postoji i određeni broj skupina namijenjenih učenicima i razredne i predmete nastave. U svakom su geografskom području izdvojene i specifične izvannastavne aktivnosti koje su u ponudi samo u školama tog područja, poput karnevalske grupe, maslinara, pletenja, šaha… V Rezultati ukazuju na širok spektar ponude različitih izvannastavnih aktivnosti, kojima učitelji zasigurno potiču učenike na iskustveno učenje, razvoj vlastitih sposobnosti i vještina u poticajnom ozračju organiziranog slobodnog vremena. Ključne riječi: izvannastavne aktivnosti, školski kurikulum, učenici, učitelji. VI SUMMARY It is the school’s responsibility to offer its students a range of quality organised leisure activities. Most often, this is achieved by organising extracurricular activities. These represent a direct form of teaching and are planned and organised for each individual school year as part of the School curriculum. Teachers-heads of activities, who are qualified to effectively carry them out in an adequate surrounding, come up with the activities. Then students, based on their interests, motivation and affinities towards certain education areas choose a number of extracurricular activities from a list of offered activities in different education areas. By participating in extracurricular activities, students expand their knowledge, learn new skills and gain experience, interact with their peers and spend quality leisure time, all in a creative manner. With the goal of researching the extent of extracurricular activities on offer in different education areas of the curriculum, the school curricula of primary schools (Years 1-8) of the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County were analysed. In total, 56 primary school curricula were analysed. The results list the activities on offer based on their education areas, together with the activities’ corresponding outcomes, the intended age groups and the peculiarities of the activities based on the school’s geographical area. The collected data shows that schools offer 556 different extracurricular activities, grouped in seven curricular areas. Prevalent are the activities within the language-linguistic area and the arts, while the least represented is the mathematical component of the curriculum. When comparing school years 1-4 to years 5-8, the analysis of the number of activities by intended age groups shows that a larger number of activities is offered for years 5-8, but there are some activities intended for both age groups. For each geographical area, extracurricular activities specific to schools of that area and offered only by them are listed, such as a carnival groups, olive oil making, knitting, chess… These results indicate a wide range of offered extracurricular activities, which teachers surely use to motivate students to engage in experiential learning and to develop their abilities and skills in an encouraging atmosphere of organised leisure time. Key words: extracurricular activities, school curriculum, students, teachers. VII SADRŽAJ 1. UVOD .........................................................................................................................1 2. SLOBODNO VRIJEME I ŠKOLA ............................................................................3 3. IZVANNASTAVNE AKTIVNOSTI .........................................................................7 3.1. Značajke izvannastavnih aktivnosti ....................................................................7 3.2. Ciljevi i zadaci izvannastavnih aktivnosti .........................................................12 3.3. Metode rada u izvannastavnim aktivnostima ....................................................13 3.4. Područja izvannastavnih aktivnosti u školi .......................................................16 3.5. Uloga učitelja u izvannastavnim aktivnostima ..................................................18 4. KURIKULUM ..........................................................................................................22 4.1. Određenje pojma kurikulum..............................................................................22 4.2. Nacionalni okvirni kurikulum ...........................................................................24 4.2.1. Odgojno-obrazovna područja ....................................................................26 4.3. Školski kurikulum .............................................................................................29 5. METODOLOGIJA ISTRAŽIVANJA ......................................................................33 5.1. Svrha rada ..........................................................................................................33 5.2. Cilj i zadaci .......................................................................................................33 5.3. Uzorak istraživanja ............................................................................................34 5.4. Metode prikupljanja i analize podataka ............................................................36 6. REZULTATI I RASPRAVA ....................................................................................38 6.1. Analize podataka po kuriklumskim područjima ...............................................38 6.1.1. Jezično-komunikacijsko i umjetničko područje ........................................41 6.1.2. Matematičko područje ...............................................................................60 6.1.3. Prirodoslovno područje ..............................................................................65 6.1.4. Tehničko i informatičko područje .............................................................74 6.1.5. Društveno-humanističko područje .............................................................83 6.1.6. Tjelesno i zdravstveno područje ................................................................95 6.2. Analiza izvannastavnih aktivnosti prema najzastupljenijim skupinama i specifičnim izvannastavnim aktivnostima po geografskom području ........................104 7. ZAKLJUČAK .........................................................................................................107 8. LITERATURA .......................................................................................................111
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