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2000 HSS/PSA Program 1
HISTORY OF SCIENCE SOCIETY 2000 ANNUAL MEETING PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE ASSOCIATION 2000 BIANNUAL MEETING 2-5 November 2000 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Hyatt Regency Vancouver CONTENTS Acknowledgments 3 HSS Officers, Program Chairs, and Council 4 PSA Officers and Program Committee 5 General Information 6 HSS / PSA 2000 Annual Meeting Book Exhibit Layout 7 Floor Plans: Hyatt Regency Vancouver 8-9 Vancouver Points of Interest 10-13 Committees and Interest Groups 14-15 HSS Full Program Schedule 16-20 HSS 2000 Program 21-43 HSS Distinguished Lecture 40 HSS Abstracts 44-187 PSA Full Program Schedule 188-190 PSA 2000 Program 191-202 PSA President’s Address 197 PSA Abstracts 203-245 HSS/PSA Program Index 246-252 Advertisements 253 Cover Illustration: SeaBus riders get the best view of Vancouver from the water. Offering regular service on the busiest routes from 5 a.m. to 2 a.m. and late night owl service on some downtown suburban routes until 4:20 a.m., Greater Vancouver’s transit system--the bus, SkyTrain and SeaBus-- covers more than 1800 square kilometers (695 square miles) of the Lower Mainland. The SkyTrain, a completely automated light rapid transit system, offers direct, efficient service between downtown Vancouver and suburban environs. It follows a scenic elevated 29 kilometer (18 mile) route with 20 stations along the way. All the SkyTrain stations, except Granville, have elevators and each train is wheelchair accessible. The SkyTrain links with buses at most of the 20 stations and connects with the SeaBus in downtown Vancouver. It operates daily, every two to five minutes. -
Roosevelts' Giant Panda Group Installed in William V
News Published Monthly by Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago Vol. 2 JANUARY, 1931 No. 1 ROOSEVELTS' GIANT PANDA GROUP INSTALLED IN WILLIAM V. KELLEY HALL By Wilfred H. Osgood conferences with them at Field Museum be superficial, and it was then transferred Curator, Department of Zoology while the expedition was being organized, to the group which includes the raccoons although it was agreed that a giant panda and allies, one of which was the little panda, The outstanding feature of the William would furnish a most satisfactory climax for or common which is also Asiatic in V. Kelley-Roosevelts Expedition to Eastern panda, their the chance of one was distribution. Still an Asia for Field Museum was the obtaining efforts, getting later, independent posi- considered so small it was best to tion was advocated for in which it became of a complete and perfect specimen of the thought it, make no announcement it when the sole of a peculiar animal known as the giant panda concerning living representative distinct or great panda. In popular accounts this they started. There were other less spec- family of mammals. Preliminary examina- rare beast has been described as an animal tacular animals to be hunted, the obtaining tion of the complete skeleton obtained by with a face like a raccoon, a body like a of which would be a sufficient measure of the Roosevelts seems to indicate that more bear, and feet like a cat. Although these success, so the placing of advance emphasis careful study will substantiate this last view. characterizations are The giant panda is not scientifically accu- a giant only by com- rate, all of them have parison with its sup- some basis in fact, and posed relative, the little it might even be added panda, which is long- that its teeth have cer- tailed and about the tain slight resem- size of a small fox. -
''It Ain't Over 'Til It's Over'': Rethinking the Darwinian Revolution
Journal of the History of Biology (2005) 38: 33–49 Ó Springer 2005 DOI 10.1007/s10739-004-6508-z ‘‘It Ain’t Over ‘til it’s Over’’: Rethinking the Darwinian Revolution VASSILIKI BETTY SMOCOVITIS Department of Philosophy and History of Science University of Athens, Athens Greece and Departments of Zoology and History University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611 USA E-mail: [email protected]fl.edu Abstract. This paper attempts a critical examination of scholarly understanding of the historical event referred to as ‘‘the Darwinian Revolution.’’ In particular, it concentrates on some of the major scholarly works that have appeared since the publication in 1979 of Michael Ruse’s The Darwinian Revolution: Nature Red in Tooth and Claw. The paper closes by arguing that fruitful critical perspectives on what counts as this event can be gained by locating it in a range of historiographic and disciplinary contexts that include the emergence of the discipline of evolutionary biology (following the ‘‘evolutionary synthesis’’), the 1959 Darwin centenary, and the maturation of the discipline of the history of science. Broader perspectives on something called the ‘‘Darwinian Revolu- tion’’ are called for that include recognizing that it does not map a one-to-one corre- spondence with the history of evolution, broadly construed. Keywords: Darwin centennial, Darwinian Revolution, discipline, evolutionary biology evolutionary synthesis, historiography The Darwinian Revolution was probably the most significant revolution that has ever occurred in the sciences, -
Suzanne Fischer Dissertation
Diseases of Men: Sexual Health and Medical Expertise in Advertising Medical Institutes, 1900-1930 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Suzanne Michelle Fischer IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Sally Gregory Kohlstedt August, 2009 © Suzanne Fischer 2009 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. i Acknowledgements Many thanks to my advisor, Sally Gregory Kohlstedt and the members of my committee for their assistance. Thanks also to Susan Jones, Mike Sappol and others who provided guidance. Many archivists and librarians assisted my research, including Christopher Hoolihan at the Miner Medical Library, Elaine Challacombe and Jim Curley at the Wangensteen Historical Library, Elizabeth Ihrig at the Bakken, and the staff of the Archives of the American Medical Association. Many thanks to my father and to my late mother. Members of DAWGs, the Dissertation and Writers Group, including Susan Rensing, Margot Iverson, Juliet Burba, Don Opitz, Hyung Wook Park, Gina Rumore, Rachel Mason Dentinger, Erika Dirkse, Amy Fisher and Mike Ziemko provided helpful commentary. Many friends, including Katherine Blauvelt, Micah Ludeke, Mary Tasillo, Megan Kocher, Meghan Lafferty, Cari Anderson, Christine Manganaro and Josh Guttmacher provided support and dinner. And endless gratitude to my greatest Friend. ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the memory of my mother, Barbara Fischer. -
20.11 Essay Darwin.Indd MH AY.Indd
OPINION DARWIN 200 NATURE|Vol 456|20 November 2008 ESSAY Birthdays to remember Anniversaries of Charles Darwin’s life and work have been used to rewrite and re-energize his theory of natural selection. Janet Browne tracks a century of Darwinian celebrations. Anniversaries are big business in obituaries stressed that Darwin biology seemed to be losing any sense of unity, the cultural world and have long was not an atheist. He was instead potentially diluting the power of Darwin’s all- been convenient events for promot- described as a good man, commit- embracing idea. Biometricians such as Karl ing agendas. Tourism, commerce, ted to truth and honesty. This was Pearson focused on a statistical view of popula- education; all these can be boosted true, but it was also valuable prop- tions to study evolution; pioneering ecological in the name of an anniversary. aganda at a time when relations thinkers such as Eugen Warming saw the key In science, anniversaries help us between science and religion were issue as organisms’ struggle directly against the to explore the implications of truly intensely fraught. The men of the environment. important achievements, confirm shared Royal Society used Darwin’s funeral as a way Darwinism as set out by Charles Darwin ideas, highlight the value of key players and to reassure their contemporaries that science seemed increasingly sidelined. The 1909 com- look forward to new problems to resolve. As was not a threat to moral values, but rather memorations, organized by a small group of we fast approach 2009, the bicentenary of was becoming increasingly important in the naturalists and Darwin family members from Darwin’s birth and the 150th year since the modern world. -
Anthropological Regionalism at the American Museum of Natural History, 1895–1945
52 Ira Jacknis: ‘America Is Our Field’: Anthropological Regionalism at the American Museum of Natural History, 1895–1945 ‘America Is Our Field’: Anthropological Regionalism at the American Museum of Natural History, 1895–1945 *Ira Jacknis Abstract This article outlines the regional interests and emphases in anthropological collection, research, and display at the American Museum of Natural History, during the first half of the twentieth century. While all parts of the world were eventually represented in the museum’s collections, they came from radically different sources at different times, and for different reasons. Despite his identity as an Americanist, Franz Boas demonstrated a much more ambitious interest in world-wide collecting, especially in East Asia. During the post-Boasian years, after 1905, the Anthropology Department largely continued an Americanist emphasis, but increasingly the museum’s administration encouraged extensive collecting and exhibition for the Old World cultures. For the most part, these collections and exhibits diverged from anthropological concerns, expressing imperialist messages, biological documentation, or artistic display. In thus constituting the ‘stuff’ of an anthropology museum, one can trace the transvaluation of objects, the importance of networks, institutional competition, and the role of disciplinary definitions. Keywords: museum, anthropology, collecting, exhibition, culture areas, American Museum of Natural History Almost by definition, the great metropolitan natural history museums were founded on a problematic relationship to a distant ‘field.’ Wandering through their halls, the visitor is confronted by cultures that are usually far away in space and time.1 As they were developed in the nineteenth century, these natural history museums, parallel to the art museums (Duncan and Wallach 1980), adopted Enlightenment schemes of universal survey. -
Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means?
Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means? Isis 2006 Nye, Mary Jo Department of History, Oregon State University Originally published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society and can be found at: http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=isis Citation: Nye, M. J. (2006, June). Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means. Isis, 97(2), 322-329. Available from the JSTOR website: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/504738 Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means? By Mary Jo Nye* ABSTRACT Biography is one of the most popular categories of books—and indeed the most popular category among nonfiction books, according to one British poll. Thus, biography offers historians of science an opportunity to reach a potentially broad audience. This essay examines approaches typical of different genres of scientific biography, including histo- rians’ motivations in their choices of biographical subject and their decisions about strat- egies for reconstruction of the biographical life. While historians of science often use biography as a vehicle to analyze scientific processes and scientific culture, the most compelling scientific biographies are ones that portray the ambitions, passions, disappoint- ments, and moral choices that characterize a scientist’s life. AMES ATLAS, a biographer and the editor of the Penguin Lives Series, writes in the J New York Times Book Review of a rainy afternoon leisurely spent in a London bookshop, where he was “stunned by the sheer profusion of ‘lives,’ as the British call biographies.” Biographies of Churchill lined an entire back wall, surrounded by shelves of biographies of people unknown or unfamiliar to Atlas. -
Presidential Address Commemorating Darwin
Presidential Address Commemorating Darwin The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Browne, Janet. 2005. Presidential address commemorating Darwin. The British Journal for the History of Science 38, no. 3: 251-274. Published Version 10.1017/S0007087405006977 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:3345924 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA BJHS 38(3): 251–274, September 2005. f British Society for the History of Science doi:10.1017/S0007087405006977 Presidential address Commemorating Darwin JANET BROWNE* Abstract. This text draws attention to former ideologies of the scientific hero in order to explore the leading features of Charles Darwin’s fame, both during his lifetime and beyond. Emphasis is laid on the material record of celebrity, including popular mementoes, statues and visual images. Darwin’s funeral in Westminster Abbey and the main commemorations and centenary celebrations, as well as the opening of Down House as a museum in 1929, are discussed and the changing agendas behind each event outlined. It is proposed that common- place assumptions about Darwin’s commitment to evidence, his impartiality and hard work contributed substantially to his rise to celebrity in the emerging domain of professional science in Britain. During the last decade a growing number of historians have begun to look again at the phenomena of scientific commemoration and the cultural processes that may be involved when scientists are transformed into international icons. -
Janet Browne
Janet Browne 1. Personal details Janet Elizabeth Bell Browne History of Science Department Harvard University Science Center 371 1 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138, USA Tel: 001-617-495-3550 Email: [email protected] 2. Education and degrees B.A.(Mod) Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, 1972. M.Sc. History of Science, Imperial College, London, 1973. Ph.D. History of Science, Imperial College, London, 1978, “Charles Darwin and Joseph Dalton Hooker: studies in the history of biogeography”. (Keddey-Fletcher Warr Scholarship of the University of London, 1975-78; British Academy 3 year PhD studentship) MA (Hon) Harvard University, 2006 Honorary DSc Trinity College Dublin, 2009 3. Professional History 1978--79, Visiting researcher, History of Science Department, Harvard University. 1979--80, Wellcome Fellow, Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, London. 1980--83, Research Assistant (3 year staff appointment), Wellcome Institute/ University College, London. 1983--91, Associate Editor of Correspondence of Charles Darwin and Senior Research Associate, Cambridge University Library (1990--91). 1983--93, Part-time Lecturer, MSc History of Science, UCL/Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, London. 1 1993, Lecturer in History of Biology, Wellcome Centre for the History of Medicine, London. 1996, Reader in History of Biology, University College London. 1996-7, Senior Visiting Research Fellow King’s College Cambridge (stipendiary, by open competition). 2002, Professor in the History of Biology, University College London. 2006- present Aramont Professor in the History of Science, Harvard University 2008- 12 Senior Research Editor USA, Darwin Correspondence Project 2009-14 Harvard College Professor (for excellence in undergraduate teaching) 2009 Assistant chair, Department History of Science, Harvard University, 2010- Chair, Department History of Science, Harvard University 4. -
July, and October
ISSN 0739-4934 NEWSLETTER I {!STORY OF SCIENCE _iu_'i_i_u~-~-~-o~_9_N_u_M_B_E_R_3__________ S00ETY AAASREPORT HSSEXECUTIVE A Larger Role for History of Science COMMITTEE PRESIDENT in Undergraduate Education STEPHEN G. BRUSH, University of Maryland NORRISS S. HETHERINGTON VICE-PRESIDENT Office for the History of Science and Technology, SALLY GREGORY KOHLSTEDT, University of California, Berkeley University of Minnesota EXECU11VESECRETARY HISTORIANS OF SCIENCE have often been called to contribute to under MICHAEL M. SOKAL, Worcester graduate education. As HSS President Stephen G. Brush notes jNewsletter, Polytechnic Institute January 1990, pp. 1, 8-10), historically oriented science courses could be TREASURER come a valuable part of the core curriculum at many institutions, and fac MARY LOUISE GLEASON, New York City ulty at many colleges-especially science professors-have expressed strong EDITDR interest in using materials and perspectives from history of science. RONALD L. NUMBERS, University of We are now called again, this time by the American Association for the Wisconsin-Madison Advancement of Science. The Liberal Art of Science: Agenda for Action, published by the AAAS in May 1990, argues that science is one of the liberal The Newsletter of the History of Science arts and that it should be taught as such, as integrated into the totality of Society is published in January, April, July, and October. Regular issues are sent to individual human experience. This argument and advice may seem obvious to histori members of the Society who reside in North ans of science, but it is a revolutionary departure from tradition for many America. Airmail copies are sent to those scientists, and one that could transform both undergraduate education and members overseas who pay $5 yearly to cover postal costs: The Newsletter is available to the role of our discipline. -
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Isis, 1990–1999
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Isis, 1990{1999 Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 25 May 2018 Version 0.07 Title word cross-reference c [1275]. AΠOPHMA [2901]. BOTANIKON [2901]. ΠEPITΩNΠEΠONΘΩNTOΠΩN [1716]. ⊂ [431]. ⊃ [431]. -1708 [2436]. -4 [3189]. /Max [3367, 1215]. 0Die [1766]. 1 [1169, 2655, 2935, 566, 1131, 1939]. 1.7 [1001]. 1.7-7 [1001]. 10 [2649, 2983]. 100 [323]. 129 [1808]. 1333 [1938]. 1336 [2425]. 1345 [2250, 920]. 1400 [3429]. 1420 [2078]. 1450 [1797]. 1483 [348]. 150-Year [2452]. 1500 [29]. 1530 [30]. 1543 [441]. 1550 [2160, 3491, 1246]. 1570 [1998]. 1597 [3531]. 1600 [3326, 2734, 440, 151, 347]. 1610 [1724]. 1610/11 [1651]. 1620 [2652]. 1626 [2003]. 1632 [2000]. 1650 [1377]. 1653 [2901]. 1 2 1654 [2346]. 1657 [732]. 1659 [2816]. 1662 [357]. 1676 [1379, 452]. 1683 [1531]. 1685 [838]. 1687 [1976]. 1690 [2661]. 1696 [1531]. 1699 [835]. 1700 [34, 2491, 3315, 2975]. 1701 [2512]. 1715 [1820]. 1718 [2167]. 1727 [1193, 42]. 1730 [1733]. 1740 [2899]. 1742 [260]. 1750 [3140, 1479, 1560, 3142, 1286, 1566, 2746, 3141, 2351, 1385, 3404]. 1753 [456]. 1770 [460, 3152]. 1773 [3342]. 1777 [1483]. 1783 [2749]. 1785 [3057]. 1789 [461]. 1789/90 [461]. 1791 [3146]. 1792 [1734]. 1795 [2174, 165]. 1799 [561, 3442]. 17de [2814]. 1800 [2356, 326, 2412, 44, 923, 1928, 2902, 2101, 932, 245, 3590]. -
Berthold Laufer 1874–1934 Anthropologist, Sinologist, Curator, and Collector
Berthold Laufer 1874–1934 Anthropologist, Sinologist, Curator, and Collector Berthold Laufer, one of the most accomplished sinologists of the early twentieth century, was born in Cologne, Germany, to Max Laufer and his wife, Eugenie (neé Schlesinger). He was educated at the Friedrich Wilhelms Gymnasium in Cologne and attended Berlin University (1893–95) before he received his doctorate from the University of Leipzig in 1897. During his training he studied a range of Asian languages and cultures, from Persian and Sanskrit to Tibetan and Chinese. At the suggestion of anthropologist Franz Boas (1858–1942), Laufer accepted a position at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City in 1898, from where he joined the Jesup North Pacific Expedition (1898–99) to Siberia, Alaska, and the northwest coast of Canada as an ethnographer. He led his first collecting expedition to China for the museum from 1901 to 1904. In 1908 Laufer moved to Chicago, Illinois, and worked at the Field Museum of Natural History, where he ultimately headed the Department of Anthropology. Laufer remained at the Field for the rest of his career. He led two more expeditions to China—the Blackstone Expedition of 1908–10 and the Marshall Field Expedition of 1923—and consequently formed one of the earliest comprehensive collections of Chinese material culture in the United States. During his first expedition, Laufer acquired more than 19,000 archaeological, ethnographic, and historical objects that span the period from 6000 BCE to 1890 CE. He collected an additional 1,800 objects during the 1923 expedition. Laufer also compiled extensive field reports, took photographs during these trips, and engaged in detailed correspondence with other specialists about his movements, contacts, and purchases.