73 NEWSLETTER HISTORY ~·~ OF SCIENCE ·v;·~--1~.~.3 ·NU-M·B·ER-2______sQ(J£

THE HPS PROGRAM HSSEXECUTIVE SUPPORT FROM THE NSF COMMITTEE

PRESIDENT It has recently come to the attention of the HSS Committee on Research and GERALD HOLIDN, Harvard University the Profession that all is not well with the History and Philosophy of Science VICE-PRESIDENT Program IHPSJ at the National Science Foundation !NSF). We all knew that it EDWARD GRANT, Indiana University had suffered grievous cutbacks in the spring of 1981, when the first round of Reagan cuts threatened it with extinction. At that time it was forced to imple­ SECRETARY AUDREY DAVIS, Smithsonian Institution ment a temporary emergency "small grants" program, but with the passing of that crisis and the lack of further cuts, it seemed that the program had weath­ TREASURER SPENCER R. WEART, American Institute ered the storm and wo~d soon be back to near-normal vigor. It might even have of Physics begun to reflect the recent growth in the field, evident in the increased member­ ship of the History of Science Society !up by over 40 percent in five years) or the EDITOR ARNOLD THACKRAY, University of ever larger annual issues of the Isis Critical Bibliography. Pennsylvania Unfortunately, however, the HPS program has not enjoyed proportional growth in recent years or even in recent decades. From the accompanying graph, assembled recently for a commemorative history of the program in Isis, one can The History of Science Society was founded in see that instead the Reagan cuts were just one more blow !though an almost fa­ 1924 to secure the future of Isis, the international tal one) to an already faltering program !see Fig. 1). Although the program bud­ review that George Sarton (1884-1956) had fotinded in Belgium in 1912. The Society seeks to get seems to have increased annuall~ especially in the late 1970s, these current foster interest in the history of science and its so­ dollars are misleading. When the figures are corrected for inflation and put into cial and cultural relations, to provide a forum for Continued on next page discussion, and to promote scholarly research in the history of science. The Society pursues these $ objectives by the publication of its journal Isis, by (in thousands) the support and subvention of other forms of schol­ 1,800 arly publication, by the organization of annual meetings and other programs, by the award of constant dollars medals and prizes for outstanding contributions to (corrected for inflation) 1,500 the history of science, by the encouragement and sponsorship of local and regional sections of the Society, and by cooperation with other learned and 1,200 scientific societies.

900 1N THIS ISSUE 600 Report on the Fund Drive 10 HSS Revised Statutes 15 300 Osiris Revived 16

1958 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 FULL CONfENTS ON LAST PAGE Figure 1 page2 History of Science Society Newsletter

Continued from page 1

constant dollars, it becomes apparent that working, even if at a low level of activity. $3,980,000 in 1972 dollars, which when overall the size of the budget has declined To the HPS, temporary rationing of this converted to 1984 dollars equals roughly steadily for almost twenty years. The pro­ sort seemed the best way to minimize the $8 million. At that level we could resume gram's largest budget (in 1972-constant damage caused by the fiscal crisis. The al­ funding large, important projects like the dollars) was the $1.3 million allocated in ternative was to maintain the then-current Dictionary of Scientific Biography or the FY (fiscal year) 1966. By FY 1982, the grant size but to decrease the number by a Archive for the History of Quantum Phys­ budget was down, again in constant dol­ third. Other social science programs at ics, allocate multiyear continuing grants lars, to $430,000, one quarter the 1966 NSF followed the latter tactic, cutting off for major projects, again pay appropriate level and the lowest since FY 1960, more some scholars totally in the interest of sal­ overhead, and otherwise maintain a regu­ than twenty years ago-well before most vaging some of their larger grantees. The lar full-fledged support program at NSF. current members of the HSS had even HPS administrators feared that this proce­ Officials at NSF, however, apparently do heard of the field. Thus the fiscal health of dure would eliminate too much important not have such ambitious regrowth in mind HPS was suffering from blows more seri­ work, especially by junior scholars, whose for HPS; they are thinking instead in ous than the single swipe from the Reagan careers all too often were already suffering. terms of modest annual increases spread administration. (Many of the 1983 recipients, for example, scmiequitably among the several pro­ One further calculation makes clear of HPS awards, listed under "Awards and grams in the social and economic sci­ how far the program has slipped. The Honors" in this issue of the Newsletter, ences. This lockstep does not allow for number of proposals submitted has tripled could have used very productively more such factors as the following, which apply since 1960; thus calculating the amount money than they asked for, but they tai­ to the HPS program in particular: the im­ of funds available per applicant reveals lored their proposals to what the program proved quality of work being done nowa­ that a dangerously low level of support for could give them.) days; the increased costs of research 1e.g., research in the history and philosophy of Now, however, three years later, the of travel to archives, which have multi­ science has now been reached (see Figs. 2 time has come for aggressive action tore­ plied not only in number but in size, so and 3). To take account of this increased store the HPS budget-not just to its pre­ that longer stays are needed); or the dra­ number of active scholars in the field, the Reagan (FY 1980) level of $829,000 in matic increase in the number of proposals strategic decision was made, when the 1972 dollars, nor even to its FY 1966level and consequent greater decrease in fund­ small-grants program was introduced, to of $1,328,000 in 1972 dollars, but with all ing per applicant-for HPS was one of the keep the number of grants at roughly deliberate speed to three times this sum, very few programs in the entire federal 60- 70 per year (from the approximately reflecting the tripling of the number of governrnent to experience increased pres­ 150-200 proposals submitted annually), proposals submitted to the HPS between sure from proposals in 1982. so that many scholars could continue 1966 and 1982. This means about Every year, we are told, Ronald OYer-

$ 200 20,000 number of proposals received amount granted per (solid line) applicant (in 1972 dollars) 180 18,000 number of grants made 160 (dash-line) 16,000

140 14,000

120 12,000

100 10,000

80 8,000 ,-··---... --- ' 60 "' ... -----...... J,,' 6,000 .,, .. "' ..... __ - ---- _,," 40 _, 4,000

20 2,000

1958 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 1958 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82

Figure 2 Figure 3 April 1984 page 3

mann makes the case internally for a budget increase, but so does every other program director at NSF. Moreover, the NEWS FROM WASHINGTON larger and more visible programs tend to get bigger increases. The HSS Executive Committee, therefore, believes that the time has come to draw more attention to the needs of the HPS program and in- crease its visibility. (Indeed, some scien­ tists are still surprised to learn that NSF has a program in the history of science, because it is so small and buried in the so­ cial sciences division.) Sensing the need for vigorous action in this area, the Council at its October meet­ ing voted to establish a new Committee on Washington, with the mandate to edu­ cate legislators and policy makers to our needs. Frederic L. Holmes of Yale Medical On 12 September 1983 the Senate Judici­ ice Administration (S. 905; H.R. 3987); School (a former HSS president) and Rob­ ary Committee unanimously approved this continues to be a top priority. In order ert Kargon of Johri.s Hopkins University S. 774, a compromise bill that represents for the legislation to be considered by this have agreed to co-chair this new commit­ substantial improvements over the Congress, the House must bold bearings tee, which this spring, with the help of Reagan-Hatch bill, which would have seri­ and complete the committee report by 15 members of the Executive Committee and ously weakened the Freedom of Informa­ May. Contact Page Putnam Miller for de­ other members of the Society, will put the tion Act's effectiveness as a tool of open tails. case for substantially more attention to government. S. 774 broadens the scope of This fall the House and Senate reached the needs of our profession before the law enforcement records exemptions, pro­ a compromise on the fiscal year (FY)1984 proper authorities in Washington. Our hibits FOIA requests by foreign nationals, appropriation for the National Endow­ hope is that these efforts will lead to real gives businesses full notice and objection ment for the Humanities (NEH) and growth for the HPS program in the NSF. rights whenever requests are received for agreed upon $140 million, a $10 million information they have submitted to gov­ increase over the FY 1983level of $130 ernment agencies, and allows agencies to million. The largest areas of increase oc­ charge commercial applicants for the time curred in the Research Division, where spent in censoring documents. Historians $18.4 million was appropriated. This will HSS Announcements were successful in securing a fee-waiver aid the NEH in launching a program statement exempting scholarly research­ called Travel to Collections and will allow ers from the new fees. the new program of summer seminars for The History of Science has learned with secondary education to expand. The funds regret of the death of Wilson Ludlow The National Coordinating Committee for the state humanities programs were in­ Scott, who served as the Secretary­ for the Promotion of History (NCC) needs creased slightly, and Congress showed its Treasurer of the Society for several years. assistance in expanding its network. It strong support for NEH by appropriating asks that historical and archival orga­ 20 percent more than President Reagan's For a copy of the Roster of Women in the nizations become members and.join in recommendations. History of Science and Technology, write the advocacy program. Academics are to Ruth Schwartz Cowan, History Depart­ urged to involve their departments in The History Advisory Committee of the ment, State University of New York, NCC work, and all are requested to pro­ National Aeronautics and Space Adminis­ Stony Brook, NY 11794. mote history at the state level and support tration held a meeting 14 February 1984 the work of the state committee. For fur­ in Washington. The committee, chaired To allow new members to send in forms ther details contact Page Putnam Miller, by Melvin Kranzberg, was established for the update to the Isis Guide, the up­ National Coordinating Committee for the to provide advice and guidance to the date will appear in the HSS Newsletter at Promotion of History, 400 A Street SE, NASA history program, which maintains the end of 1984 or the beginning of 1985. Washington, DC 20003; telephone (202) archives and publishes works in the his­ Forms will be printed in the July 1984 is­ 544-2422. tory of aeronautics and space science and sue of the HSS Newsletter, Volume 13, The NCC urges you to contact your rep­ technology. The committee met to evalu­ Number 3. Or, if you wish, mail in the resentatives on legislation separating the ate proposals for a program history as the form on the last page of the 1983 Guide. National Archives from the General Serv- first project in a new series of histories. Please be sure to include your name if you are only making changes in your entry. page4 History of Science Society Newsletter

nice Fairchild, Personnel Office, National sciences and scientific medicine. Authori­ POSITIONS Library of Medicine, 8600 Rockville Pike, zation for this position is pending. Send Bethesda, MD 20209; telephone (301) curriculum vitae to Dr. Robert E. Kohler, 496-4943. Candidates who are not cur­ Department of History and Sociology of rently on a federal register with the Office Science, University of Pennsylvania, 215 The Department of the History of Medi­ of Personnel Management should imme­ South 34th Street/D6, Philadelphia, PA cine of the University of Minnesota is diately obtain forms necessary for place­ 19104. The deadline for application is 30 seeking a research associate to assist in ment on senior level register. Contact the June 1984. The University of Pennsylvania the preparation of a history of the Univer­ Office of Personnel Management/Federal is an Affirmative Action, Equal Opportu­ sity of Minnesota Medical School. Candi­ Job Information Center, 1900 E Street, nity Employer. dates should possess a Ph.D. in the NW, Washington, DC 20044; telephone history of medicine; candidates in the fi­ (202) 737-9616. The National Library of nal stages of completing requirements for Medicine is an Affirmative Action, Equal The History of Science Department at the that degree may be considered for appoint­ Opportunity Employer. University of Wisconsin-Madison invites ment as research fellow until the degree is applications for a possible one-semester obtained. Training, including laboratory The Center for History of Chemistry is visiting appointment in the history of sci­ experience, in the medical sciences­ seeking a field archivist for a one-year ap­ ence, fall or spring 1984/85 (preferably with emphasis on the disciplines of labo­ pointment beginning 1 July 1984, with spring). The appointee will be expected to ratory medicine, including biochemistry, the possibility of renewal. The field archi­ teach two large lower-division lecture hematology, microbiology - and history vist will be responsible for identifying and courses and one more specialized upper­ and the history of medicine is required. appraising uncollected historical manu­ division or graduate course. Send letters of Preference will be given to candidates scripts in certain areas of chemistry and application detailing areas of teaching in­ whose Ph.D. dissertation research deals chemical technology and facilitating their terest and relevant experience with a vita with some aspect of medicine in the late placement in appropriate repositories. The listing references, before 15 May 1984, to nineteenth or early twentieth centuries. candidate should have an M.L.S. or an M.A. Daniel Siegel, Chair, Department of the Initial appointment will be for one year, in history and archival training and expe­ History of Science, 4143 Helen C. White with possible annual renewals for four rience (familiarity with chemistry and Hall, University of Wisconsin, Madison, years. Send application, curriculum vitae, scientific collections is desirable, but WI 53706. Early inquiries to (608)262- and references to C. Carlyle Clawson, not required), in addition to the ability to 1406 are encouraged. M.D., Chairman; Search Committee; Box work effectively with a variety of people and 464 Mayo Memorial Building, 420 Dela­ in various situations. Send letter of appli­ The University of Wisconsin School of ware Street, S.E.; Minneapolis, MN cation, resume, and names of three ref­ Pharmacy is expanding its faculty in the 55455. Deadline for applications is 1 July erees to the Director, Center for History of social and behavioral sciences and is seek­ 1984. Chemistry, 215 South 34th Street/D6, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, ing applicants for a tenure-track position PA 19104. Application deadline is 15 May at the assistant professor level. Duties will The National Library of Medicine is seek­ 1984. include undergraduate and graduate teach­ ing a historian of medicine or biomedical The Center for History of Chemistry is ing and research in the social and behav­ science to serve as deputy chief, History of a joint endeavor of the American Chemi­ ioral aspects of pharmacy and drug use. Medicine Division. The candidate will cal Society, the American Institute of Applicants must possess a strong back­ assist the chief in developing and manag­ Chemical Engineers, and the University ground in social behavioral science theory, ing the library's programs and collections of Pennsylvania, established in January research design, and statistics and a Ph.D. in history of medicine and will carry out a 1982 to discover and disseminate informa­ in pharmacy administration, medical so­ program of scholarly research and publica­ tion about historical resources and to en­ ciology, health care administration, or a tion. Factors to be considered in the selec­ courage research, scholarship, and popular related field. An undergraduate degree in tion include appropriate training at the writing in the history of chemistry, chem­ pharmacy and an interest in patient edu­ doctorate level or equivalent experience, ical engineering, and the chemical process cation and aging are desirable. The posi­ evidence of independent scholarly re­ industries. tion is a twelve-month appointment and search and publications, administrative will start on or after 1 July 1984. Appli­ experience, and experience in the manage­ cants should send a curriculum vitae list­ ment of library special collections (rare The Department of History and Sociology ing graduate coursework and three books and manuscripts). This is a civil of Science of the University of Pennsylva­ references by 15 April1984, to Dr. Bonnie service position at the GS 13/14level nia is searching for an assistant professor L. Svarstad, University of Wisconsin ($36,152-$55,538). Applicants must send in the history of medicine, starting 1 School of Pharmacy; 425 North Charter, an Application for Federal Employment January or 1 July 1985. Candidates should Madison, WI 53 706. The University of (SF 171 ), list of publications, and other have a primary competence in nineteenth­ Wisconsin-Madison is an Equal Opportu­ supporting data by 16 April1984 to Eu- and twentieth-century European clinical nity, Affirmative Action Employer. Apri11984 pageS

Requests for Information

The Commission on Documentation of p the Division of History of Science of the L A N A H E A D International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science met 16-19 Septem­ ber 1983 to discuss problems of documen­ To Keep Your Announcements Timely tation in the history of science. In attendance at Newbattle Abbey College near Edinburgh were creators of such The table of deadlines printed below be accepted until the tenth of the records, users from several research con­ will help you reach Newsletter readers month. Note that the Newsletter is stituencies, and those professionally in good time. For the Newsletter to ap­ mailed third-class on the sixth of the charged with the preservation of the pear on schedule, copy for longer items month of issue; it reaches readers' sources. A full report will appear in the must reach the Publications Office by desks, depending on address, between June 1984 issue of Isis. The president of the first of the month before the date of the second and fourth week of that the Commission on Documentation is publication; short notices of half a month. preparing a report for the IUHPS with typewritten page (double-spaced) will recommendations on the future activities of the commission. He welcomes all expressions of opinion. Write Nathan Reingold, Smithsonian Institution, Wash­ ington, DC 20560. Events taking Should appear To expedite The Secretary announces that she is place in or with in the Deadline for Deadline for inclusion, send compiling a calendar of significant deadlines in Newsletter for short copy long copy prior notice by events in the history of science. Members who have information regarding birth dates, publication dates, discovery dates, and other relevant dates are asked to May, june, April March 10 March 1 Februaryl5 send the data and ideas for illustrations to july the Secretary, Audrey B. Davis, NMAH, Room 5000, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560. August, September, July june 10 June I May 15 October Call for Photos November, The January Newsletter ran for the first December, October September I 0 September I August 15 time photographs of Society members go­ January ing about Society business, and readers re­ sponded enthusiastically. The Newsletter staff is eager to publish more photographs February, and invites members to send pictures of March, january December 10 December 1 November 15 themselves and others engaged in activi­ April ties related to the history of science: meet­ ings, colloquia, workshops, exhibits, demonstrations of equipment, even teach­ ing and research. Please send these photo­ graphs to the Society's Secretary, Audrey If a deadline is close, please send copy directly to the Publications Office, 215 B. Davis, The National Museum of Amer­ South 34th Street/D6, Philadelphia, PA 19104, and a confirming copy to the Sec­ ican History, Room 5000, Smithsonian retary, Dr. Audrey B. Davis, The National Museum of American History, Room Institution, Washington, DC 20560, or di­ 5000, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560. rectly to the Publications Office, History of Science Society, 215 South 34th Street/ D6, Philadelphia, PA 19104. Photographs will be returned if not run within a year. page 6 History of Science Society Newsletter

Appointments and Promotions Historical Records of Australian Science George Ovitt, Jr., has been appointed has appointed as editor Roderick W. assistant editor of Isis and will assume re­ Home, Professor of History and Philoso­ sponsibility for the book review section of The American Institute of the History of phy of Science at the University of Mel­ the journal. Dr. Ovitt teaches the history Pharmacy (AIHP) has been centralizing its bourne. It is planned that this publication, of science and technology in the Depart­ offices and expanding facilities and staff at formerly Records of tlw Australian Acad­ ment of Humanities at Drexel University. the University of Wisconsin-Madison. A emy of Science, become the journal of Dr. Ovitt earned his Ph.D. at the Univer­ separate office has been set up to handle record for the history of science in the sity of Massachusetts (Amherst); his own the business and organizational affairs of southwest Pacific area and that it appear research deals with scientific and techno­ the Institute, in the hands of a full-time semi-annually. Please submit papers for logical change in the Middle Ages. business manager, Ms. Joann Esser. The publication directly to the editor. appointment of an assistant director will The new secretary of the Society for the be announced 1 July. In future address all Henry Lowood, Ph.D. candidate in the History of Technology and editor of the routine business inquiries to the central History of Science at the University of SHOT Newsletter is Professor Alex offices of the AIHP, Pharmacy Building, California, Berkeley, has been appointed Roland, Department of History, Duke 425 North Charter Street, Madison, WI bibliographer for History of Science Col­ University, Durham, NC 27706; tele­ 53706; telephone (608) 262-5378. lections, Stanford University Libraries. phone (919) 684-3014.

Latin America, and the Caribbean) and 15 FELLOWSHIPS & GRANTS September 1984 (for Africa, Asia except India, Europe, and the Middle East). For information and applications at graduate The Council for International Exchange of mation are available from the Indo­ institutions, contact the office of the grad­ Scholars (CIES) is offering twelve long­ American Fellowships Program, Council uate dean or the office coordinating inter­ term (six to ten months) and nine short­ for International Exchange of Scholars, national and other sponsored research term (two to three months) advanced Eleven Dupont Circle, Suite 300, Wash­ programs. On undergraduate campuses research fellowships in India for 1985- ington, DC 20036; telephone contact the chief academic officer. Appli­ 1986 without restriction as to field. Appli­ (202) 833-4985. cants may also write directly to the Coun­ cants must be United States citizens at cil for International Exchange of Scholars, the postdoctoral or equivalent professional The Council for International Exchange of 11 Dupont Circle, Washington, DC level. Scholars and professionals with lim­ Scholars, funded and administered by the 20036. ited or no experience in India are espe­ United States Information Agency, has re­ cially encouraged to apply. Fellowship ceived the list of Fulbright Scholar Awards The Sidney M. Edelstein Center for the terms include $1,500 per month, $350 per available to American scholars. Published History and Philosophy of Science, Tech­ month payable in dollars and the balance information and applications will be re­ nology and Medicine of the Hebrew Uni­ in rupees; an allowance for books, study, leased directly to college and university versity of Jerusalem announces two and travel in India; and international trav­ campuses in early April. Fulbright Scholar postdoctoral fellowships for the academic el for the grantee. Long-term fellows will Awards are available in all academic fields year 1984-1985 and invites applications also receive international travel for depen­ and a wide range of professions; they usu­ from candidates with the Ph.D. degree or dents; a dependent allowance of $l00- ally cover periods from two to ten months. equivalent in the history, philosophy, or $250per month in rupees; and a supple­ About 275 awards are designated for post­ sociology of science or in the physical or mentary research allowance of up to doctoral research; the remainder are for life sciences. Candidates interested in the 34,000 rupees. This program is sponsored college and university lecturing or for con­ following collections are especially en­ by the Indo-U.S. Subcommission on Edu­ sultative and teaching positions with gov­ couraged: the Edelstein Collection cation and Culture and is funded by the ernmental bodies or other professional (chemistry, alchemy, and dyeing), the United States Information Agency, the Na­ institutions, including hospitals, muse­ Friedenwald Collection (history of medi­ tional Science Foundation, the Smithson­ ums, and cultural centers. Over 100 coun­ cine), the Laor Collection (maps of the ian Institution, and the Government of In­ tries are offering about 750 awards this Holy Land), and the Einstein Archives, re­ dia. The application deadline is 15 June year. Application deadlines for 1985/86 cently transferred to the Jewish National 1984. Application forms and further infor- are 15 June 1984 (for Australasia, India, and University Library. The application A.pril1984 page 7

Historical Exhibits ther information contact Dr. Neil The Museum of Science and Industry in Cossons, Director, National Maritime Chicago announces plans for a ten­ Museum, Greenwich, London SElO 9NF; million-dollar addition, to be called the This year marks the centennial of the telephone 01.858 4422/5, extension 223. Crown Space Center. The Center will in­ adoption of the Greenwich meridian as clude an exhibition hall for space artifacts, the prime meridian on the which the The Indiana Historical Society has measuring ten thousand square feet; an world's time zones are based. Tuesday, 26 mounted a medical history exhibit, Medi­ Omnimax theatre seating 320, with a pro­ June 1984, has been set aside as Meridian cine in Antebellum Indiana: Conflict, jection dome seventy-six feet in diameter; Day, to be celebrated with bonfires, fire­ Conservatism, and Change, that includes and an outdoor exhibition area. The hall works, music, dancing, fairs, and fetes photographs and antique medical equip­ will be divided into two main sections: along the line of zero degrees throughout ment. Topics covered are medical prac­ one will describe the past, present, and fu­ England. The British Post Office plans to tices, education, and the professionali­ ture of the space program with space issue a set of four commemorative zation of medicine. The exhibit can be equipment, models, graphics, and partici­ stamps. The transit circle by which the viewed at the Indiana Historical Society patory techniques; the other will explain prime meridian was defined, designed by Gallery, 315 West Ohio Street, Indianapo­ basic space concepts and provide simu­ Sir George Airy in 1850, will be demon­ lis, IN, 12 March-30 June 1984. For fur­ lated space experiences. The target date strated frequently this summer. For fur- ther information, call (317) 232-1877. for completion is mid-1986.

should include letters of recommenda­ research projects dealing with historico­ public understanding of science and scien­ tion, an abstract and a sample chapter medicallibrarianship; these fellowships tists' understanding of the social context from the doctoral dissertation, and an out­ may be held for one month, but must be of their scientific and technological activi­ line of a planned project. Applications taken during April1985 to coincide with ties. Special consideration will be ex­ must be submitted by 15 April1984. For the annual meeting of the Osler Library's tended to interdisciplinary projects, further information, contact the Sidney Board of Curators. Stipends of up to particularly those creating community in­ M. Edelstein Center for the History and $1,000 will be awarded to help defray trav­ volvement or a dialogue between science Philosophy of Science, Thchnology and eling and living expenses in Montreal. For and the humanities. Grants are not made Medicine of the Hebrew University of Je­ further information, contact Philip M. to individuals; history of science activities rusalem, Room 208, Givat Ram, 91004 Teigen, Osler Librarian, 3655 Drummond and projects qualify for such grants when Jerusalem, Israel. Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6. The applications are channeled through the lo­ deadline for application is 1 October 1984. cal Sigma Xi chapters and club. The maxi­ The Osler Library of history of medicine mum grant is usually $500. Sigma Xi will at McGill University announces a fellow­ The National Endowment for the Human­ normally notify chapters and clubs of de­ ship program for historians, physicians, ities panel on History of Science, Technol­ cisions within sixty days of receipt of ap­ and students conducting research in the ogy and Human Values, notes that there plication in New Haven. Applications history of medicine and for directors of has been no follow-up to Professor John G. may be submitted at any time through a medical libraries with budgetary responsi­ Burke's successful summer seminars for chapter or club to the Committee on Sci­ bility for a history of medicine collection. college teachers on "Technology, Society ence and Society, Sigma Xi, The Scientific The program will assist those who need to and Values in Twentieth Century Amer­ Research Society, 345 Whitney Avenue, establish temporary residence in Montreal ica," given in 1973, 1974, and 1978. New Haven, CT 06511. while undertaking research in the Osler Candidates interested in giving similar Library. Scholars' applications will be seminars dealing with the history of tech­ judged on the merit of previous research nology should contact the Division in the history of medicine, on the cogency of Fellowships and Seminars, NEH, of the proposed research to be undertaken Washington, DC 20506. Don't overlook the following fellowship in the Osler Library, and on the appropri­ announcement in the January 1984 News­ ateness of the holdings of Osler to that re­ The Committee on Science and Society of letter, page 9: the Smithsonian Foreign search; these fellowships may be held for Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, Currency Program, deadline 1 November one month between January and Decem­ invites Sigma Xi chapters and clubs to annually. ber 1985. Applications of medical librari­ submit applications for grants that sup­ ans will be judged on the relevance of port programs designed to improve the pageS History oC Science Society Newsletter

MEETINGS

The Committee on International Histori­ cal Activities of the American Historical Association announces the 16th Interna­ tional Congress of Historical Sciences, scheduled for 25 August-1 September 1985 in Stuttgart, Federal Republic of Ger­ many. The Committee has been organiz­ ing United States participation since 1982 and urges that U.S. historians attend. For further information, contact Nancy L. Roelker, Chair, AHA Committee on Inter­ national Historical Activities, 400 A Street S.E., Washington, DC 20003; tele­ phone (202) 544-2422; or the 16th Interna­ tional Congress of Historical Sciences, Congress Manager's Office, Letzter Ha­ senpfad 61, D-6000 Frankfurt 70, FRG.

The 1984 annual meeting of the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy (AIHP) will be held in Montreal, Canada, lio Momigliano, Louis Nirenberg, Paolo The Israel Colloquium for the History, 6-9 May 1984. Sessions will be held at the Rossi, Emilio Segre, Cyril S. Smith, and Philosophy and Sociology of Science, Osler Library of history of medicine 0. Zaritski. For further details, contact co-sponsored by the Hebrew University of at McGill University, at the Chateau ProfessorS. S. Schweber, Department of Jerusalem, Tel Aviv University, and the Champlain, and at the Montreal Conven­ Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Van Leer Jerusalem Foundation, and in tion Center. Highlights of the sessions in­ MA 02254. collaboration with R.S. Cohen and M. clude comments on an exhibit of rare Wartofsky of the Boston Colloquium for books by Osler librarian Philip Teigen and The Historical Astronomy Division of the the Philosophy of Science, offer annually a an interactive symposium on the Chal­ American Astronomical Society will meet series of public lectures alternately in lenge of Ethical Pharmacy Pracfice co­ with the AAS in Baltimore, Monday - Jerusalem and Tel Aviv. The lectures, sponsored by AIHP and the American Wednesday, 11-13 June, at the Baltimore given by scholars from Israel and from Pharmaceutical Association (APhA) Acad­ Conference Center. HAD will also hold abroad, are followed by a commentary and emy of Pharmacy Practice. The Council special sessions (primarily on the history are open to public discussion. Selected meeting on Sunday, 6 May, will be open to of American astronomy) Saturday, 9 June, papers from the Colloquium will be pub­ all members; the annual business meeting at the National Air and Space Museum in lished by the Humanities Press. For fur­ will be held Monday, 7 May. For further Washington, D.C. Tuesday afternoon and ther information please write to Edna information contact Glenn Sonnedecker, Wednesday morning will be devoted to a Ullmann-Margalit, The Israel Collo­ Director, AIHP, Pharmacy Building, 425 workshop, "A User's Guide to Astronomi­ quium, P.O. Box 4070, Jerusalem 91040, North Charter Street, Madison WI 53706. cal Calculations for Historical Interests." Israel. The HAD invited lecture, "Adonais: The Brandeis University will honor Dr. Bern Life of James Edward Keeler and the Early The twentieth annual meeting of the Joint Dibner on 30 Aprill984 with a sympo­ Development of American Astrophysics, Atlantic Seminar in the History of Biology sium, "The Many Worlds of Vito or Big Science in the 1890s" will be deliv­ will be held at the Smithsonian Institu­ Volterra:' Dr. Dibner has endowed a chair ered by Professor Donald E. Osterbrock, tion 13-14 April1984, with Audrey in the History of Science at Brandeis and Wednesday, 13 June at 8:30A.M., at the Davis of the Division of Medical Sciences has donated the mathematical library of Baltimore Conference Center. For further of the National Museum of American His­ Vito Volterra to the university. Speakers at information contact Owen Gingerich, tory as host. There will be an informal re­ the conference will be Judith Goodstein, HAD Chair, Harvard-Smithsonian Center ception on Friday evening, presentation of Thomas S. Kuhn, Richard Lewontin, Emi- for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA 02138. papers on Saturday, and a dinner on Satur- April1984 page9

day evening. For further information con­ symposium; excursions will be organized conference 10-14 June in Washington, tact Pamela M. Henson, A & I 2135, to these museums and to the Teylers Mu­ DC, to analyze today's trends, make Smithsonian Archives, Washington, DC seum at Haarlem. Further information forecasts, and explore the opportunities 20560. can be obtained from W. F. J. Morzer and challenges of tomorrow. "WorldView Bruyns, Kattenburgerplein 1, 1018 KK '84" will devote several sessions to the im­ The 1984 Joint Atlantic Seminar in the Amsterdam, Netherlands; telephone plications of George Orwell's prediction. History of the Physical Sciences will be (020) 254175. For further information about the Society held at Cornell University, Ithaca, New and the meeting, contact Ellen Dudley, York, Friday and Saturday, 27-28 April The Executive Council of the Society for Media Relations Director, World Future 1984. The theme of the Friday evening the History of Technology has accepted an Society, 4916 St. Elmo Avenue, Bethesda, session will be "New Trends and Old invitation from Michigan Technological MD 20814-5089. Traditions in the Historiography of Sci­ University and the Henry Ford Museum ence"; speakers will be Lewis Pyenson on to meet in Dearborn, Michigan, in the fall the social relations of science, Martin of 1985 . Susan Douglas will be the pro­ Harwit on modem scientists and modem gram chair. The site for the 1986 meeting history of science, and L. Pearce Williams is being decided jointly by SHar, 4S, PSA, on traditional historical methods and and HSS. Deborah Jean Warner, chair of Don't overlook the following items in the traditional history of science. On Satur­ the SHOT ad hoc committee on meeting January 1984 Newsletter, pages 9 (under day, doctoral candidates and recent Ph.D.s sites, announces that the Executive Coun­ "Calls") and 11-13: sixteenth annual will speak on their research. For further cil would like to make decisions on the meeting of Cheiron, 13-16 June 1984; information, contact Professor L. Pearce 1987 and 1988 sites at its annual meeting "Integrating Scientific Disciplines," Geor­ Williams, Department of History, Cornell in October 1984. (See January HSS News­ gia State University, Department of Phi­ University, Ithaca, NY 14853. letter.) Prospective hosts should send pro­ losophy, 3-5 May 1984; colloquium for posals to Deborah Jean Warner, Museum historians of medieval science, Hill Mo­ The National Archives offers a four-day of American History, Smithsonian Institu­ nastic Manuscript Library, St. John's course in research uses of primary tion, Washington, DC 20560 by 1 July University, 6-9 June 1984; the sesquicen­ sources, Going to the Source: An Intro­ 1984. tennial of the birth of August Weismann, duction to Research in Archives, to be 29-31 May 1984; Industrial Heritage '84, held in the National Archives Building, The Williams College Graduate Program 8-14 June 1984; the New York Academy Washington, DC, 15-18 May 1984. Emoll­ in the History of Art invites art historians of Sciences' speakers, 25 April and 23 May ment will be limited to thirty, and the and historians of science to a conference 1984; the Oxford Science Studies Summer cost will be $75. Contact Elsie Freeman, on Art and Science in Related Revolutions, Seminar, 14-28 July 1984; the History of Education Division, National Archives, to be held at Williams College, Williams­ Science in China study tour, summer Washington, DC 20408; telephone town, Massachusetts, 18-20 October 1984. (205) 523-3298. 1984. Participants will hear papers and discuss the interrelationships between art The Scientific Instrument Commission of and science during the Renaissance and the International Union of the History during the late nineteenth and early twen­ and Philosopy of Science announces the tieth centuries. At issue will be whether RECENTLY HELD MEETINGS Fourth Scientific Instrument Symposium, the visual arts and experimental sciences to be held at the Nederlands Scheepvaart as practiced during those two periods of The Conference on the History of Mediae­ Museum in Amsterdam, 23-26 October profound artistic and scientific revolution val and Renaissance Astrology was held at 1984. The theme of the symposium will had any mutual, or even cause-and-effect, the Warburg Institute, Woburn Square, be nineteenth-century medical, nautical, influence on one another. For further in­ London, WC1, 30-31 March 1984. and physical instruments and their formation, contact Samuel Y. Edgerton, makers. Papers relating to the theme will Jr., Professor of Art History, or Donald The Center for the Study of Science in So­ be published in the proceedings of the deB. Beaver, Professor of the History of ciety at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and symposium; a limited number of papers Science, Williams College, Williamstown, State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, on other topics will also be presented. The MA01267. sponsored a workshop on "Prospects for Museum Boerhaave at Leiden and the Uni­ Scientific Methodology:• 5-7 April 1984. versiteitsmuseum at Utrecht will feature The World Future Society, publisher of special exhibitions on the theme of the The Futurist magazine, will hold a global page 10 IIJstory of Science Sodety Newsletter

The following people and organizations ety's Fund Drive through 31 January 19 over. Lifetime Sustaining Members have Progress Report on the Fund Drive hers have contributed $100 and over. Major Donors Leo L. Beranek BemDibner The three-year campaign to put your Society on a sound financial and manage­ Sidney M. Edelstein William 1: Golden rial basis is going well. More than one third of the goal has already been Gerald Holwn achieved, thanks to the donors listed on these pages. Future issues of the Thomas S. Kuhn Newsletter and Isis will carry the additions to this proud list of the Society's David Rockefeller Eugene P. Wigner supporters. Jacob and Josephine VerBrugge Zeitlin As was explained in the letter of 4 November 1983 to our members from President Gerald Holton, Vice President Edward Grant, and Editor Arnold Lifetime Sustaining Members William A. Cole Thackray, we first concentrated chiefly on foundations such as the National Albert B. Costa Endowment for the Humanities and the private philanthropic organizations, Joy B. Easton with the result that the $320,000 challenge part of our Fund Drive for immedi­ BernardS. Finn Eugene Garfield ate program needs is fully funded. New programs have already been launched W. E. Haisley and our Society's existing services are being revitalized. Details, from the rein­ Joseph H. Hazen stitution of Osiris to our plans for internships, were published in the July 1983 J. Scott Hamilton James E. McClellan ill Newsletter and were discussed at the Annual Meeting at the Burndy Library. Jane M. Oppenheimer You will continue to receive news as it develops. Margaret I Osler More recently, we have begun to solicit commitments of support from corpo­ Irwin J. Pincus Alfred Romer by rations. Led Exxon and Pfizer Inc., several have already expressed their inter­ Charles Scribne.~; Jr. est in becoming Corporate Donors to the HSS, and this could give the Society Arnold Thackray a steady multiyear annual income. Sustaining Members (for 1983} But the most important need of the Fund Drive is for everyone interested in Michele L Aldrich the history of science to participate-to give generously, to specific programs Seth G. Atwood Lawrence Badash and to the $1,700,000 Endowment Fund that the Society needs for its long­ Sarnueli.B~ range stability. William Bevan Even those of us who have to subsist on an academic salary must seriously Uldis Blukis Harcourt Brown consider what is the largest sacrifice we can make during this once-in-a­ Laurie M. Brown lifetime Fund Drive on behalf of our own profession. (The Society is a 501(cJ(3) Thomas D. Cabot organization, hence all gifts are tax deductible.* All pledges may be spread over I. Bernard Cohen Bryce Douglas several years.) John T. Edsall It is now almost exactly sixty years ago that George Sarton, with a few Allan Franklin friends, founded this Society as a way of assuring the security of the discipline. Neal c. Gillespie Charles Stewart Gillmor We are at last nearing the point where the means for doing so for the long term Loren Graham will be at hand, where the services of our Society can fully live up to the prom­ Edward Grant ise and opportunities of the field. John C. Greene Jesse L. Greenstein Stanley M. Guralnick William R HeHand Herbert J; Hodges Wanen R. Howell Thomas P. Hughes Ralph H. Kellogg * Please send your contribution to Membership Office NE Daniel J. K.evles Martin J. Klein History of Science Society Sally G. Kohlstedt 215 South 34th Street/D6 Kenneth M . Ludmerer University of Pennsylvania Thomas G. Manning Everett Mendelsohn Philadelphia, PA 19104 Robert K. Merton U.S.A. Ronald L. Numbers Leroy E. Page John Parascandola David Pingree Emanuel R. Piore Karen Reeds Apri11984 pagell

amtributed to the History of Science Soci­ ~ donors have contributed $2000 and Cllltributed $1000 and over. Sustaining Mem- Diagram of Chester F. Carlson's electro­ photographic apparatus from one of his patents on xerography; chosen by the Barbara G. Rosenkrantz American Society of Mechanical Engineers Robert F. Rothschild for its Historic Mechanical Engineering Sol Seltzer LAndmarks. Courtesy of Battelle Richard 1 Simms Memorial Institute's Columbus Division. lW:bert A Simon A. H.Smitb Michael M. Sokal Dorothy Stimson Loyd S. Swenson, Jr. Owsei Temkin Charles Weiner RichardS. Westfall The American Society of Mechanical En­ Cohoes, New York; the Saugus Iron Works fohn A Wheeler gineers maintains a History and Heritage (1647), Saugus, Massachusetts; the New Lynn White, jr. Committee whose goal is to acquaint the York City Subway System (1904), New Curtis A. Wilson general public and the engineer with La Anonymous York City; the Hacienda Esperanza America's rich technological heritage. The Sugar Mill (1861), Manati, Puerto Rico; Other Donors committee administers the Historic the Newcomen steam-atmospheric engine Joseph Aieta m Mechanical Engineering Landmarks pro­ (ca. 1712), Dartmouth, England; and Adam}. Apt gram, which designates state, national, Xerography (1948), Columbus, Ohio. For Donald deB. Beaver HaroldJ. Cook and international landmarks that repre­ further information about these and other Vuginia P. Dawson sent progressive steps in the evolution of designations and other committee activi- Bruce F. E1chison mechanical engineering and reflect its . ties, contact the Public Information De­ Lenore Feigenbaum influence on society. Among the land­ partment, ASME, 345 East 47th Street, Ralph W. Gable James F. Gleason marks designated to date are two 102-inch New York, NY 10017; telephone fudith Grabiner Boyden Hydraulic Turbines (1871-1873), (212) 705-7740. Roger Hahn David W. Hall Thomas L, Hankins Richard :P. Hirsh Robert E. Johnson Melvin Kranzberg Joshua Lederberg R. Bruce Lindsay John Muendel MaryJoNye ARCillVES John K. Pribram Cyril 8. Smith Joseph S. Smuckler The Duke University Archives announces Alice StmuP . that the papers of William McDougall Linda E. Voigt;s The Woodson Research Center of Fondren (1871-1938) have recently been cata­ Dora B. Weiner Harry Woolf library, Rice University, announces the logued. McDougall, who helped John J. Zemel opening of the papers of Julian Sorell Hux­ bring J. B. Rhine to Duke, was ley (1887-1975). The collection contains a prominent twentieth-century psycholo­ Foundations Huxley's voluminous correspondence, gist, known as a vigorous opponent of be­ Charles E. Culpeper Foundation, Inc. manuscripts, reprints and clippings of haviorism and materialism in psychology. Richard Lounsbery Foundation Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation published work, and materials relating to The collection contains roughly 1800 1 Andrew W. Mellon Foundation professional organizations, conferences, items and twenty-four volumes; it in­ National Endowment for the Humanities and symposia in which he participated; cludes correspondence (1920-1929) with Project Physics, Inc. also included are reprints and manuscripts individuals significant in the fields of psy­ Corporate Associates/Corporate Donors of other authors. Subjects covered by the chology, psychic research, and the social California Institute of 'lechnology collection include ethology, taxonomy and sciences. Topics discussed include psychic Dexter Chemical COipOtation relative growth; eugenics, population con­ phenomena, the plight of emigres and the Exxon Education Foundation trol, and conservation; evolutionary biol­ growth of the police state in Nazi Ger­ Institute for Scientific Information mM Corporation ogy; and the philosophy and politics of many, euthanasia and eugenics, behavior­ Pfizer Inc. science. A guide to the collection will be ism and John Watson, and such figures as Zeitlin &. Ver Brugge Booksellers available 23 March 1984; for further infor­ Aldous Huxley and C. G. Jung. Further in­ mation, contact Woodson Research Cen­ formation may be obtained from Edwin Matching Individual Donations Southern, Assistant University Archivist, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur ter, Fondren Library, Rice University, Box Foundation 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892; tele­ 341 Perkins Library, Duke University, phone (713) 527-8101, extension 2586. Durham, NC 27706. page 12

out 15 August. For further information, CALLS FOR PAPERS contact Dr. Mekki Mtewa, Executive Di­ rector, Association for the Advancement of Policy, Research and Development, P.O. The Technology and Society Division of Box 24234, Washington, DC 20024; tele­ the American Society of Mechanical Engi­ phone {202) 393-5037. neers invites submission of papers for pre­ sentation at the annual meeting in New The 1984 Joint Atlantic Seminar in the Orleans, Louisiana, 9-13 December 1984. History of the Physical Sciences invites Papers on the following topics will be con­ doctoral candidates and recent Ph.D .s to sidered especially suitable: (1) technology submit papers on their research to be assessment- analysis, forecasting, social presented on Saturday, 28 April, at Cornell paper proposals for the 1984 Annual impacts, methodologies; (2) energy and University, Ithaca, New York. The meet­ Meeting, 18-21 October, to be held at the environmental assessments; (3) assess­ ing will take place Friday and Saturday, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. ments of solar energy or other alternate 27-28 April1984, and prompt action is (Complete details are given on page 10 of energy sources; (4) analysis or proposed urged. For further information, contact the January HSS NewsletteL) The dead­ models of engineering.ethics; (5) appropri­ Professor L. Pearce Williams, Department line for complete proposals, which must ate technology for developing and devel­ of History, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY include a 150-word abstract of the paper oped nations; (6) sociotechnical programs 14853. and a one-page curriculum vitae, is 1 May and ethics courses in engineering educa­ 1984. Session proposals should include a tion; (7) emerging technologies; (8) legis­ Manuscripta announces the Eleventh statement of the general theme, an ab­ lative and leg3.1 problems relating to the Saint Louis Conference on Manuscript stract, and a curriculum vitae for each par­ role of technology; (9) specific aspects Studies, to be held Friday and Saturday, ticipant. Address inquiries and proposals dealing with interactions between tech­ 12- 13 October 1984, in the Pius XII Me­ to Jeffrey L. Sturchio, Department of Hu­ nology and society. Please submit two morial Library, Saint Louis University, St. manities, New Jersey Institute of Thchnol­ copies of the manuscript to Professor Louis, Missouri. Participants are invited ogy, Newark, NJ 07102; telephone A. M. Dhanak, Department of Mechani­ to present papers (not to exceed twenty (201) 645-5224. cal Engineering, Michigan State Univer­ minutes) in the areas of codicology, pale­ sity, East Lansing, MI 48824. The deadline ography, illuminations, and texts; discus­ The Ninth Annual Meeting of the Society for submission of manuscripts is 30 May sion will follow. Abstracts of 150 words for the Social Studies of Science (4SJ will 1984. Authors will be notified of accept­ must reach the Conference Committee by be held jointly with the European Associa­ ance of the papers for preprint publica­ 1 June 1984; final versions (not to exceed tion for the Study of Science and Technol­ tions and presentations before 15 June nine doubled-spaced typewritten pages) ogy (EASSTJ and Communication and 1984. are due 1 August 1984. For further infor­ Cognition (C&.CJ of Belgium; the com­ mation, contact Conference Committee, bined meeting has been designated as a The 1984 annual conference of the Associ­ Manuscripta, Pius XII Memorial Library, centennial for George Sarton. The three ation for the Advancement of Policy, Re­ Saint Louis University, 3655 West Pine, societies are working toward a program of search and Development will be held St. Louis, MO 63108. particularly high q_~ity and diversity of 14- 16 November 1984 at the Roosevelt perspective; three-hour sessions will allow Hotel in New York City. The chosen Michigan Quarterly Review, the cultural for longer presentations. theme, "The Role of Organizations and and literary journal of the University of The 4S Program Committee invites the Professions in Development;' is de­ Michigan, invites manuscripts for its fifth members to submit papers whether or not signed to meet the needs and expectations special issue: Science and the Human Im­ they are sure of travel funds. Please sub­ of decision makers and professionals in age. This collection will consider recent mit papers or abstracts promptly to any of the Third World. Particularly welcome are developments in the sciences that influ­ the three program coordinators: Susan E. proposals from scholars or leaders in in­ ence the perception of Homo sapiens as a Cozzens (4S), Room 1229, National Sci­ dustry, government, or other organiza­ creature and as a participant in society ence Foundation, Washington, DC 20550; tions, which demonstrate the integration and the cosmos. The future of human na­ telephone (202f 357-7826; Arie Rip of knowledge, technology, and decision ture as an entity will be addressed. Dead­ (EASST), Chemistry and Society Program, making into the activities of development line for submissions is 1 September 1984. University of Leiden, 2300 RA Leiden, planning, research, analysis, manage­ Address submissions to Editor, Science Netherlands; and Werner Callebaut ment, and policy. The deadline for paper and the Human Image, Michigan Quar­ (C&.C), Blandijnberg 2, 900 Ghent, Bel­ proposals (two copies required) is 1 Au­ terly Review, University of Michigan, gium. Authors of papers accepted for the gust; the deadline for advance registra­ 3032 Rackham Building, Ann Arbor, preliminary program will be notified 1 tions of panelists is 15 September; the MI 48109. May 1984; extended abstracts (four pages) deadline for receipt of final papers (four for accepted papers are due 1 September copies required) is 1 November. Proposal The Society for the History of Technology 1984 and will be reproduced and distrib­ acceptances and rejections will be sent Program Committee calls for session and uted to each registrant. April 1984 page 13

AWARDS & HONORS

I. Bernard Cohen will give the Annual Lecture at the HSS meeting in Chicago in December 1984.

David C. Lindberg of the History of Sci­ ence Department at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has been elected a Fellow of the Mediaeval Academy of America.

Carolyn Merchant of the University of California, Berkeley, has been awarded a Fulbright scholarship to study in the Department of History of Ideas and in The Sarton Medal Women's Studies at the University of Ume3, Urn~, Sweden, during spring 1984.

In a formal session in the Salon de Honor of the University of Chile, the Sociedad Cientifica de Chile honored Professor and subjects: Naomi Aronson (Northwest­ "William Whiston and the Newtonian Desiderio Papp for his outstanding schol­ em University), "The Social Context of Synthesis of Science and Religion"; Allan arship and for his nomination as Ciuda­ U.S. Nutrition Research 1885-1925"; Paul Franklin (University of Colorado at Boul­ dano por Gracia de Chile. This high H. Barrett (Michigan State University), der), "The Role of Experiment in Physics"; distinction, dating from 1829, has been "Charles Darwin's Theoretical Note­ Robert M. Friedman, "The Influence of conferred on only five others during the books, 1836-1844"; James J. Bond, "Wil­ the Nobel Prizes on the Development of twentieth century. He has also received liam Harvey's Theory of Matter"; Joan L. International Physics"; Joseph S. Fruton, the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa from Bromberg (Laser Institute of America), "A Comparative Study of Research the University of Concepcion, and the "Lasers: A History of the Science, Engi­ Groups in the Biochemical Sciences"; University of Chile has promoted him to neering, and Commercial Development, Stanley Goldberg (Hampshire College), membership in its Junta Directiva. 1945~1968"; Joe D. Burchfield (Northern "The Assimilation of Scientific Revolu­ Illinois Universi!y), "John Tyndall and the tions: The Case of Special Relativity in London View of Science"; Frederick Burk­ America"; Leon Gortler (CUNY Brooklyn Margaret W. Rossiter has been awarded hardt (American Council of Learned So­ College), "The Emergence of Physical the Wilbur Lucius Cross Medal of the Yale cieties), "Edition of the Correspondence Organic Chemistry"; Sally G. Kohlstedt Graduate School Alumni Association. of Charles Darwin"; Arthur W. Burks (Syracuse University), "The Scientific This medal was established in 1966 to be (University of Michigan- Ann Arbor), Origins of American Natural History awarded from time to time to one or more "The Invention of the Electronic Com­ Museums"; Gisela Kutzbach, "Charting graduates of the Yale Graduate School for puter"; Samuel Devons (Barnard College), Global Atmospheric Circulations"; Keith outstanding achievement in some phase "Some Historical Aspects of Experimental E. Lehrer (University of Arizona), of activity in which Dean Cross excelled. Physics"; Bruce S. Eastwood (University "Thomas Reid and Cognitive Psychol­ of Kentucky), "Patterns for the Planets: ogy"; James G. Lennox (University of Arnold Thackray (Center for Advanced The Conceptual Role of Diagrams in the Pittsburgh), "Aristotle's Philosophy of Study in the Behavioral Sciences and the Development of Astronomy"; John T. Biology"; David C. Lindberg (University University of Pennsylvania) will deliver Edsall (American Academy of Arts and of Wisconsin-Madison), "Optics and the the George Sarton Memorial Lecture, Sciences), "History of Biochemistry and Development of Modem Science"; Enzo "The Historian's Calling in the Age of Sci­ Related Sciences"; Dorothy H. Eichorn 0. Macagno (University of Iowa), ence;' Sunday, 27 May 1984, at the annual (Society for Research in Child Develop­ "Leonardo Da Vinci's Fluid Mechanics"; meeting of the American Association for ment), "Preservation of Historical Materi­ Jane Maienschein (Arizona State Uni­ the Advancement of Science in New York als on American Child Development versity), "Developmental Biology in City, 1:30pm in the New York Hilton. Sciences Since 1940"; Lenore Feigenbaum America, Circa 1900"; Russell K. Mc­ (Northeastern University), "The Forma­ Cormmach (Johns Hopkins University), The National Science Foundation has tion of the Mathematical Community"; "Scientific Biography of Henry Cavendish announced the following list of grantees James E. Force (University of Kentucky), - His Contributions to 18th-Century page 14 History of Science Society Newsletter

British Natural Philosophy"; Jill G. (University of North Carolina at Wilming­ Morawski (Wesleyan University), "The ton), "The History of Eugenics in France"; History of the Institute of Human Rela­ William B. Scott and Peter Rutkoff (Ken­ PFIZER AWARD tions and Its Place in American Psychol­ yon College), "History of the New School ogy"; Joseph Needham and Lu Gwei-Djen for Social Research: 1919-1965"; Alan CALL FOR NOMINATIONS (East Asian History of Science, Inc.), "Sci­ E. Shapiro (University of Minnesota), "An ence and Civilization in China"; Harry W. Edition of the Optical Papers of Isaac New­ Paul (University of Florida), "The Rise of ton"; Robert Siegfried (University of Wis­ Agricultural Science in France"; William consin-Madison), "The Rise of Modem B. Provine (Cornell University), "Sewall Chemistry"; Merritt R. Smith (Massachu­ The Pfizer Award, consisting of a medal Wright, Geneticist and Evolutionist"; setts Institute of Technology), "Mechaniz­ and a cash prize of $2500, was established Helena M. Pycior (University of Wis­ ing America: Technology, Culture, and the in 1958 through the generosity of Pfizer consin-Milwaukee), "The Mathematical First Industrial Revolution"; Winton U. Incorporated, and is the highest honor Community in Victorian England"; Solberg (University of lllinois-Urbana), awarded by the History of Science Society Edward S. Reed, "Methods of Scientific "American Science at Its Roots: Cotton for a work of scholarship. Books of origi­ Innovation: A Case Study of James J. Mather's Christian Philosopher"; John nal scholarship written by American or Gibson's Intellectual Development in Stachel (Princeton University Press), "The Canadian authors and dealing in a sub­ Perceptual Psychology"; Mark H. Rose Collected Papers and Correspondence of stantial manner with the history of sci­ (Michigan Technological University), Albert Einstein"; Alice Stroup (Bard Col­ ence are eligible for consideration. "Technological Innovation, Energy lege), "French Governmental Funding of Excluded from consideration are books by Choices, and Social Change- A Case Research at the Parisian Academy of Sci­ more than two authors and umevised Study"; David E. Rowe (Pace University), ences"; Roger H. Stuewer (University of reprints of previously published works. "Felix Klein and the Gottingen Mathe­ Minnesota), "The Evolution of Nuclear Books published in the preceding three matical Tradition"; Abraham J. Sachs Models 1919-1939"; WoodruffT. Sullivan years, that is, in 1981, 1982, and 1983, are (Brown University), "History of Observa­ (University of Washington), "A History of eligible for nomination this year. tional Astronomy"; George A Saliba Radio Astronomy"; Spencer R. Weart and The committee appointed to select the (Columbia University), "Arabic Origins of Lillian Hoddeson (American Institute of Pfizer Award winner will determine the Western Science"; William H. Schneider Physics), "A History of Solid-State Physics." books to be considered by reviewing lists

EDITH D. SYLLA, North Carolina State THE HISTORY OF COUNCIL MEMBERS University DEBORAH WARNER, Smithsonian Institution SCIENCE SOCIET~ 1984 Elected members Former presidents, ex officio ARTHUR DONOVAN, Virginia Polytechnic Institute HARCOURT BROWN, Parry Sound, Ontario GERALD GEISON, Princeton University MARSHALL CLAGETT, Institute for Advanced EXECUTIVE COMMITI'EE FREDERICK GREGORY, University of Florida Study DIANA LONG HALL, College of Physicians I. BERNARD COHEN, Harvard University President OWEN HANNAWAY, Johns Hopkins University CHARLES C. GILLISPIE, Princeton University GERALD HOLWN, Harvard University SANDRA HERBERT, University of Maryland JOHN C. GREENE, University of Connecticut Vice-President KARL HUFBAUER, University of California, HENRY GUERLAC, Cornell University EDWARD GRANT, Indiana University Irvine ERWIN N. HIEBERT, Harvard University SALLY GREGORY KOHLSTEDT, Syracuse FREDERIC L. HOLMES, Yale University Secretary University THOMAS S. KUHN, Massachusetts Institute AUDREY DAVIS, Smithsonian Institution RACHEL LAUDAN, Virginia Polytechnic of Technology Treasurer Institute ROBERT P. MULTHAUF, Smithsonian SPENCER R. WEART, American Institute RONALD NUMBERS, University of Wisconsin Institution of Physics BARBARA ROSENKRANTZ, Harvard OOROIBY STIMSON, Owl's Head, Maine Editor University RICHARDS. WESTFALL, Indiana University ARNOLD THACKRAY, University MARGARET ROSSITER, Harvard University LYNN WHITE, JR., University of California, of Pennsylvania PHILLIP R. SWAN, University of Notre Dame Los Angeles Apri11984 page 15

of recently published books and soliciting broadly. The papers may deal with the to Edith Sylla, Chair, History of Science nominations from major scholarly pub­ ideas and accomplishments of scientists Society Committee on Honors and Prizes, lishers. Members of the History of Science in the past, with the evolution of particu­ History Department, Box 8108, North Society are also encouraged to nominate lar scientific concepts or institutions, or Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC books for consideration by sending their with the historical influences of one 27695-8108. Entries postmarked after 1 suggestions to the head of the 1984 Pfizer branch of science upon another. The July 1984 will be returned without being Award Committee, Roger H. Stuewer, phrase "cultural influences" is taken to in­ read. School of Physics and Astronomy, Univer­ clude studies of the social and historical The winning essay will be announced sity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN conditions that have influenced the devel­ at the annual meeting of the History of 55455. All nominations must be received opment of science and studies of the ef­ Science Society, to be held in Chicago in by 15 May 1984. fects of science upon society in the realms December 1984. The winner will be reim­ of philosophy, religion and social thought, bursed for travel to the meeting up to a art, literature, and economic develop­ maximum of $250. It is hoped, but not as­ ment. Essays on medical topics are not el­ sured, tha{ the winning essay will merit igible unless they deal with the relations publication in Isis. Submitted essays can­ SCHUMAN PRIZE between medicine and the natural sci­ not be returned to their authors, and the ences. The essays must be in English or evaluations of individual essays will re­ accompanied by an English translation. main confidential. The Schuman Prize is They should be thoroughly documented not a scholarship. Please note that by vote as well as original and must not exceed of the History of Science Society Council The History of Science Society awards an 8,000 words exclusive of footnotes. in October 1983, eligibility for the 1984 annual prize of $250 for the best original To compete for the 1984 prize, students prize is limited to graduate students. Pre­ essay written by a graduate student on the must submit three copies of their essays vious winners of the prize are not eligible history of science and its cultural influ­ with the author's name and institution to compete again. ences. It was the wish of Ida and Henry placed on a separate page so that they may Schuman, who established the prize in be removed before the papers are read by 1955, that "history of science and its cul­ members of the Schuman Prize Commit­ tural influences" be interpreted very tee. Essays should be sent by 1 July 1984

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Updating the Constitution D I approve of the changes in the Statutes as printed in the January Newsletter.

The January Newsletter published the proposed revised Statutes D I disapprove of the changes in the Statutes as printed in of the History of Science Society (pages 21-23). The Executive the January Newsletter. Committee and Council of the Society requested that members provide a straw vote on the Statutes by mail. The Secretary re­ COMMENTS ______ports that the ballot returns have been very disappointing, in fact, minimal. Please review the revised Statutes in the January Newsletter and complete the ballot at the right. Return your ballot by 1 June 1984 to Audrey B. Davis, 1214 Bolton Street, Baltimore, MD 21217.

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PUBLICATIONS The Council of the Australian Academy of OSIRIS Science is planning a bicentennial volume on the history of Australian science. The An International Archive of the Council has established the History of History of Science Australian Science Newsletter as a me­ dium for keeping potential contributors to The History of Science Society is pleased the proposed volume in touch with the and proud to announce the revival of project and to promote interest and activ­ Osiris. The distinguished board of contrib­ ity in all aspects of the history of Austra­ uting editors consists of Gerald L. Geison lian science. It will carry news about the (Princeton University), Thomas L. bicentennial project as it develops and Hankins (University of Washington), Fred­ other information of interest to all en­ eric L. Holmes (Yale University), David C. gaged in the study of Australia's scientific Lindberg (University of Wisconsin), and past. It will appear triannually and will be Lavoisier Margaret Rossiter (Harvard University). edited by Professor R. W. Home, Depart­ As in George Sarton's original plan, ment of History and Philosophy of Sci­ The Academie des Sciences has arranged Osiris will be devoted principally tore­ ence, University of Melbourne, Parkville, for publication of the Correspondance de search articles of the highest quality but Vic. 3052, Australia. Lavoisier to be resumed; Rene Eric had of too great a length for routine publica­ Tomash Publishers of Los Angeles and San edited three fascicules (17 63-1783) before tion in Isis. In addition, there will be occa­ Francisco has launched the publication of his death. Fascicule 4 (1784-1786) is near sional guest-edited volumes devoted to a a series of books entitled The History of completion; three further fascicules special theme or a single subject. The first Modem Physics, 1800-1950. The editors (1787-1794) and additions and corrections such volume, devoted to Historical Writ­ are Gerald Holton and Katherine R. to the first three are underway. Readers ing on Science in America, will be edited Sopka, assisted by Stephen G. Brush, who know of any letters to or from La­ by Margaret Rossiter and Sally G. Kohl­ Roger H. Stuewer, Spencer R. Weart, and voisier omitted from fascicules 1-3 or stedt of Syracuse University. John A. Wheeler. The series includes written between 1784 and 1794 are urged Osiris will publish approximately one works of primary scholarship, contempo­ to communicate with Madame Michelle volume each year, beginning in 1985. In­ rary surveys, textbooks, lectures, biogra­ Goupil-Sadoun, Secretaire du Comite terested authors are invited to correspond phies, and volumes that focus on social Lavoisier; 12, Rue Colbert; 75002 with a contributing editor in their field of and institutional aspects associated with Paris, France. interest, or if they are uncertain to whom to write, they may address themselves to the growth of physics. The formats in­ clude original monographs, anthologies of The Astronomical Society of the Pacific Arnold Thackray, the editor of Osiris, at University of Pennsylvania/D6, 215 articles about specific topics, revised and announces "Astronomers of the Past;' a enhanced dissertations, and classic works new slide set portraying fifty noted astron­ South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A. long out of print. The first four titles are omers drawn from public and private now available: a new edition of Alsos, by archives, ranging in time from the era of Samuel A. Goudsmit; Project Y: The Los Copernicus through the twentieth century Alamos Story, an internal history written and including such outstanding scientists in the mid-1940s; The Question of the as Hubble, Einstein, Eddington, Russell, Hawkhill Associates announces publica­ Atom, edited by Mary Jo Nye; and Ameri­ Cannon, Herschel, Michelson, Jansky, tion of the Hawkhill Science News­ can Physics in Transition, by Albert E. and Shapley. For the most part the astron­ letter, published monthly during the Moyer. Works may be purchased individu­ omers are shown at the time they made school year and sent free to science teach­ ally or by subscription. For further infor­ their most significant contributions. Se­ ers and other school personnel in the mation and a catalogue, please write to lected by the History Committee of the United States and abroad. The four-page Tomash Publishers, P.O. Box 49613, Los ASP, chaired by Donald Osterbrock of the publication includes sources of free and Angeles, CA 90049. Lick Observatory, the slides are accompa­ inexpensive teaching materials, facts and nied by a 24-page booklet including de­ figures on controversial issues in science The Joint Committee on Archives of Sci­ tailed captions (summarizing the life of and society, reports of exemplary school ence and Technology has just issued a re­ each scientist) and an introductory bibli­ programs, and permission to duplicate for port on its findings and recommendations ography for the history of astronomy. The classroom use. Hawkhill also produces regarding the documentation of post­ cost of the set is $34.95 plus $3.00 for over seventy sound-filmstrip and video­ World War IT science and technology in postage and handling in North America; cassette programs designed for the second­ America. The report, Understanding Pro­ $6.00 for foreign postage and handling. ary school student not planning to gress as Process, is being distributed by California residents should include sales become a professional scientist or engi­ the Society of American Archivists, 600 S. tax. For further information contact neer. For your free subscription to the Federal Street, Suite 504, Chicago, IL Andrew Fraknoi, ASP, Catalog Sales Hawkhill Science Newsletter and a cata­ 60605. There is a charge of $1. 50 per Department, 1290 24th Avenue, San logue, write Hawkhill Science Newsletter, copy; an additional fee of $1.50 per order Francisco, CA 94122; telephone 125 East Gilman Street, Madison, WI will be assessed for orders that are not pre­ (415) 661-8660. 53703; telephone (608) 251-3934. paid (make checks payable to the SSA). Aprill984 page 17

Nineteenth-century aneroid barometer. Books Received by Isis From John FitzMaurice Mills, Encyclopedia I>ecennber1983-Feb~ary of Antique Scientific Instruments. 1984

Ordering information: Books and publica­ tions listed in the HSS Newsletter are available from the publisher. The History of Science Society cannot fill orders for non-HSS publications. ton.) Volume V: Epistemology and Methodology Essays. 121 pp., app., bibl. Malibu, Calif.: Un­ I.: Exploring the World. xv + 404 pp., figs., dena Publications, 1983. $11.50 (paper). bibl., indexes. Dfl 160; $64 (cloth); D£1 85; $34 John Earrnan (Editor). Testing Scientific Theo­ (paper). Volume VI: Epistemology and Method­ ries. (Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of ology II: Understanding the World. xii + 296 Louise Barber Arnold. Four Lives in Science: pp., figs., bibl., indexes. D£1125; $50 (cloth); Science, 10.) vii + 484 pp., figs., bib~$., in­ Women's Education in the Nineteenth Century. Dfl 70; $28 (paper). dexes. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota xii + 197 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Press, 19~3. $39.50 (cloth); $16.95 (paper). Schocken Books, 1984. $14.95. John C. Burnham. Jellife, American Psychoana­ lyst and Physician - and His Correspondence Elizabeth Eisenstein. The Printing Revolution in Early Modem Europe. xiv 297 pp., illus., J. H. Bennett (Editor). Natuml Selection, Hered­ with Sigmund Freud and C. G. Jung. Edited by + bibl., index. Cambridge/London/New York: ity; and Eugenics: Including Selected Correspon­ William McGuire. Foreword by Arcangelo R. T. dence of R. A. Fisher with Leonard Darwin and Cambridge University Press, 1983. $34.50 D'Amore. xx + 324 pp., illus., apps., bibl., in­ (cloth); $9.95(paper). Others. Introduction by J. H. Bennett. x + 306 dex. Chicago/London: University of Chicago pp., figs., apps., bibl., indexes. Oxford/London/ Press, 1983. $20. A. J. Engel. From Clergyman to Don: The Rise Glasgow: Clarendon Press of Oxford University of the Academic Profession in Nineteenth­ Press, 1983. $47.50. Peter Classen; Eike Wolgast. Kleine Geschichte Century Oxford. 302 pp., illus., bibl., index. der Universitat Heidelberg. Foreword by Adolf Oxford: Clarendon Press of Oxford Uni~rsity G. P. Baker; P. M. S. HackeL Frege: Logical Ex­ Laufs. 119 pp., bibl. Berlin/Heidelberg/New cavations. xvii + 406 pp., index. New York: York: Springer Verlag, 1983. DM 48; $12.50 Press; London/Glasgow/New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1983. $49.50. Oxford University Press; Oxford: Basil Black­ (paper). well, 1984. $39.95. Euclid. The First 7Iansli1tion of Euclid's "Ele­ Diskin Clay. Lucretius and Epicurus. 360 pp., ments" Commonly Ascribed to Adelard of Anne Blanchard. Dictionnaire des ingimi.eurs apps., bibl., indexes. Ithaca, N.Y./London: Cor­ Bath: Books I-VIII and Books X.36-XV. 2. rnilitaires, 1691-1791. (Collection du Centre nell University Press, 1983. $9.50. d'Histoire Militaire et d'Etudes de Defense Na­ Edited by H. L. L. Busard. (Studies and Texts, tionale, 14.) 786 pp., bibls., index. Montpellier: Julius H. Comroe, Jr. Exploring the Heart: Dis­ 64.)425 pp., figs., apps., indexes. 'Thronto: Pon­ Universite Paul Valery and the Centre National coveries in Heart Disease and High Blood Pres­ tifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1983. $37 de la Recherche Scientifique, 1981 (paper). sure. 348 pp., illus., index. New York/London: (paper). W. W. Norton, 1983. $18.95. Hennan Boerhaave. Boerboave's Orations. Roland Mushat Frye (Editor). Is God a Creation­ 'franslated with introductions and notes by Joseph J. Com. The Winged Gospel: America's ist! The Religious Case Against Creation­ E. Kegel-Bringreve and A. M. Lyendijk-Elshout. RomancewithAviation, 1900-1950. x + 177 Science. vii + 205 pp. New York: Charles (Publications of the Sir Thomas Browne Insti­ pp., illus., index. New York: Oxford University Scribner's Sons, 1983. $15.95. tute, Leiden, N.S. 4.) viii + 374 pp., illus., Press, 1983. $17.95. Nancy Elizabeth Gallagher. Arabic Medical app., bibl., index. Leiden: E. J. Brill; Leiden G. V. Coyne; M. A. Hoskin; 0 . Pederson (Edi­ Manuscripts at the University of California, Los University Press, 1983. D£1 96. tors). Gregorian Reform of the Calendar: Angeles. (Aids and Research 1bols in Middle J. David Bolter. Thring's Man: Westem Culture Proceedings of the Vatican Conference to Com­ Eastern Studies, 1.) xiii + 24 pp., illus., bibl. in the Computer Age. xii + 264 pp., figs., app., memorate Its 400th Anniversary; 1582-1982. Malibu, Calif.: Undena Press, 1983. $7 (paper). bibl., index. Chapel Hill: UniYeiSity of North xxiv + 321 pp., illus., bibls., app. Vatican City: Gerald L. Geison (Editor). Professions and Pro­ Carolina Press, 1984. $19.95 (cloth); $8.95 Pontifica Academia Scientiarum, Specola Vati­ fessional Ideologies in America. x 147 pp., (paper). cana: 1983(paper). + index. Chapel Hill: University of North Caro­ D. Heyward Brock (Editor). The Culture of Adeline Daumard (Editor). Oisivete et loisirs lina Press, 1983.$17.50. Biomedicine. (Studies in Science and Culture, dans les societes occidentales au XIX' siecle. Paul Ghalioungui. The Physicians of Pharaonic 1.)200 pp., bibls., index. Newark: University of (Based on papers presented at a multi­ Egypt. (Deutsches Archaologisches Institut Ab­ Delaware Press; London/'Thronto: Associated disciplinary colloquium sponsored by the Cen­ teilung Kairo, Sonderschrift 10.) xi + liS pp., University Presses, 1984. $24.50. tre de Recherche d'Histoire Sociale de l'Universite de Picardie.)248 pp., bibls. Abbe­ illus., app., bibl., index. Cairo: Al-Ahram Cen­ John Langdon Brooks. Just Before the Origin: ville: F. Paillart, 1983 (paper). ter for Scientific Translations: Mainz: Verlag Alfred Russel Wallace's Theory of Evolution. Philipp von Zabem, 1983. (Distributed in the xiii + 284 pp., figs., app., bibl., index. New Elias A. De Cesare. El ciJlculo de variaciones: Su U.S. by the National Information Service, York: Columbia University Press, 1984. $30. desarrollo y evolucion. (Publicaciones del Insti­ Springfield, Va., Doc. No. PB 83-257303.) $10 tuto de Historia de las Ciencias, 2.)42 pp., figs., (U.S.); $20 (elsewhere). Laurie M. Brown; Lillian Hoddeson (Editors). bibl., index. Buenos Aires: Instituto de Historia The Birth of Particle Physics. (Based on the lec­ de las Ciencias, 1983 (paper). Charles C. Gillispie. The Professionalization of tures and round-table discussion of the Interna­ Science: France 1770-1830 Compared to the tional Symposium on the History of Particle W. J. Dempster. Patrick Matthew and Natural United States 1910-1970. (The Third Neesirna Physics held at Ferrnilab, 1980.) xxii + 412 pp., Selection: Nineteenth Century Gentleman­ Lectures, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan, illus., bibls., indexes. Cambridge/London/New Fanner, Naturalist and Writer. 156 pp., illus., 1981.)40 pp. Kyoto: Doshisha University Press, York: Cambridge University Press, 1983. $44.50. apps., bibl. Edinburgh: Paul Hartis Publishing, l983(paper). 1983. Mario Bunge. 1Ieatise on Basic Philosophy: 8 Martin Goldman. The Demon in the Aether: vols.: Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster: D. Reidel, Gary S. Dunbar (Editor). The History of Geogra· The Story of James Clerk Maxwell. 224 pp., il­ 1983. (Distributed in the U.S. by Kluwer Bos- phy: 7Ianslations of Some French and German lus., index. Edinburgh: Paul Harris Publishing; page 18 History of Science Society Newsletter

Bristol: Adam Hilger Ltd., 1983. (Distributed in David Lack. Darwin's Finches. lntroduction Granada, 81.) 172 pp., figs., bibls., index. Gra­ the U.S. and Canada by Heydon &: Son, Phila­ and annotation by Laurene M. RatcliHe and nada, Spain: Facultad de Medicina, Departa­ delphia.) £18; $30. Peter T. Boag. 1iii + W8 pp., illus., bibls., in­ mento de Historia de la Medicina, Universidad dexes. Cambridge/London/New York: Cam­ de Granada, 1983 (paper). Loren Graham; Wolf Lepenies; Peter Weingart bridge University Press, 1983. $39.50 (cloth); (Editors). Functions and Uses of Disciplinary Arnold Pacey. The Culture of Technology. viii $13.95 (paper). History. (Sociology of the Sciences, 7.) xxiii + + 210 pp., figs., bib!., index. Cambridge, 307 pp., figs., bibls., indexes. Dordrecht/ David S. Landes. Revolution in Time: Clocks Mass./London: MIT, 1983. $17.50. Boston/Lancaster: D. Reidel, 1983. (Distributed and the Making of the Modem World. xviii + Terry M. Parssinen. Secret Passions, Secret in the U.S. by Kluwer Boston.) Dfl 100; $44 482 pp., illus., apps., bibl., index. Cambridge Remedies: Narcotic Drugs in British Society, (cloth); Dfl 67; $29 (paper). Mass./London: The Belknap Press of Harvard 1820-1930. xii 243 pp., illus., app., bibl., University Press, 1983. $W. + Marjorie Grene (Editor). Dimensions of Dar­ index. Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of winism: Themes and Countertbemes in Robert H. Lister; Florence C. Lister. Those Who Human Issues, 1983. $17.50. 'IWentieth-Centtuy Evolutionary Theory. ix + Came Before: Southwestern Archeology in the Marie-Christine Pouchelle. Corps et chirurgie 336 pp., figs., bibls., index. Cambridge/ National Park System. Foreword by Emil W. E. a I'apogee du Moyen-Age: Savoir et imaginaire du London/New York: Cambridge University Haury. 184 pp., illus., index. Tucson: University corps chez Henri de Mandeville, chinugien de Press; Paris: Editions de la Maison des Sciences of Arizona Press and the Southwest Parks & Philippe le Bel. 389 pp., apps., bib!. Paris: Flam­ de l'Homme, 1983. $29.95. Monuments Association, 1983. $32.50. marion, 1983. Fr 110 (paper). Rom Haae. Great Scientific Experiments: G. E. R. Lloyd. Science, Folklore, and Ideology: 'IWenty Experiments that Changed our View of Studies in the Life Sciences in Ancient Greece. A. Rahman (Compiler). Science and Technology in Medieval India - A Bibliogmphy of Source the World. viii + 216 pp., figs., bibls., indexes. xi + 260 pp., bibl., indexes. Cambridge/ Materials in Sanskrit, Arabic, and Persian. Fore­ Oxford/London/New York: Oxford University London/New York: Cambridge University word by M. G. K. Menon. With the assistance Press, 1983. $20 (cloth); $8.95 (paper). Press, 1983. $49.50 (cloth); $16.95 (paper). of M. A. Alvi, S. A. Kahn Ghori, and K. V. Molly Harrower. Kurt Koffka: An Unwitting Arthur MacGregor (Editor). 'IIadescant's Samba Murthy. xxi + 719 pp., bibls. New Self-Portrait. Foreword by John A. Popplestone. Rarities: Essays on the Foundation of the Delhi: National Commission for the Compila­ Preface by Mary Henle. xvi + 334 pp., illus., Ashmolean Museum 1683; with a Catalogue of tion of History of Sciences in lndia, lndian Na­ apps., bibl., index. Gainesville: University of the Surviving Early Collections. xiii + 382 pp., tional Science Academy, 1980. Rs 200; $70. Florida Press, 1983. $30. + 75 plates + 5 microfiches, illus., apps., Sal Restivo. The Social Relations of Physics, bibls., index. Oxford: Clarendon Press; London/ Anton M. Heinen (Editor and translator). Is­ Mysticism, and Mathematics: Studies in Social Glasgow/New York: Oxford University Press, lamir; Cosmology: A Study of As-Suyutu 's "Al­ Structure, Interests, and Ideas. (Episterne, 10.) 1983.$150. Hay'a as-saniya fi 1-hay'a as-sunniya" with ix + 309 pp., indexes. Dordrecht/Boston/ critical edition, translation, and commentary. J. E. McGuire; Martin Tamny. Certain Philo· Lancaster: D. Reidel, 1983. (Distributed in the (Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, sophical Questions: Newtons Thn.ity Note­ U.S. by Kluwer Boston.) Dfl 114; $49.50. Beiruter Texte und Studien, 27.) viii + 289 pp., book. xii + 519 pp., figs., app., bib!., index. appendix in Islamic, bibl., index. Beirut/ Cambridge/London/New York: Cambridge Rheticus. Narratio prima Georgii foachimi Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1982. DM 78 University Press, 1983. $84.50. Rhetici. Edited, translated, and with commen­ (paper). tary by Henri Hugonnard-Roche and Jean-Pierre John FitzMaurice Mills. Encyclopedia of Scien­ Verdet. With the collaboration of Michel-Pierre Richard F. Hirsch. Glimpsing the Invisible Uni­ tific Instruments. 255 pp., illus., apps. New Lerner and Alain Segonds. Foreword by Pawel verse: The Emergence of X-Ray Astronomy. viii York: Facts On File Publications, 1983. $35. Czartoryski.(Studia Copemica, 20.) 294 pp., + 186 pp., illus., apps., bibl., index. Cam­ figs., indexes. 'Iext in French, summary in En­ bridge/London/New York: Cambridge Univer­ Ashley Montague (Editor). Science and Crea­ tionism. Foreword by Roger Lewin. xvii 415 glish. Wroclaw/Warsaw/Krak6w: Maison d'Edi­ sity Press, 1983. $49.50. + pp., figs., bibls. Oxford/New York/Thronto: Ox­ tion de 1' Academic Polonaise des Sciences, Andrew Hodges. Alan Th.ring: The Enigma. 587 ford University Press, 1984. $9.95 (paper). 1982. Cena zl260. pp., illus., index. New York: Simon &.Schuster, Nicolaas A. Rupke. The Great Chain of His­ 1983. $22.50. - Albert E. Moyer. American Physics in 'IIansi­ tion: A History of Conceptual Change in the tory: William Buckland and the English School Rio Howard. La bibliotheque et le laboratoire de Late Nineteenth Centuzy. Foreword by Daniel of Geology, 1814-1849. xii + 322 pp., illus., Guy de la Brosseau Jardin des Plantes aParis. M. Siegel. (The History of Modem Physics, bibl., index. Oxford/London/Glasgow: Oxford (Ecole Practique des Hautes Etudes, Section IV: 1800-1950, 3.) xx + 218 pp., illus., bibl., University Press, 1983. $45. Sciences historiques et philologiques. Vl: His­ index. Los Angeles/San Francisco: Tomash W. F. Ryan; Charles B. Schmitt (Editors). toire et Civilisation du Livre, 13.) 133 pp., figs., Publishers, 1983. bibl. Geneva: Libraire Droz; Paris: Libraire Pseudo-Aristotle, The "Secret of Secrets": Robert Multhauf (Compiler). The History of (Warburg lnstitute Sur­ Champion, 1983 (paper). Sources and Influences. Chemical Technology: An Annotated Bibliogra­ veys, 9.) vi + 148 pp., bibls., indexes. London: R. Palmer Howard. The Chief: Doctor William phy. (Bibliographies of the History of Science The Warb;Jrg lns~itute , University of London, Osler. xiii + 194 pp., illus., apps., bibl., index. and 'Thchnology, 5.) (Garland Reference Library 1982. £18 (paper). Canton, Mass.: Science History Publications, of the Humanities, 348.) xviii + 299 pp., illus., Husain Sarkar. A Theory of Method. xvii U.S.A., 1983. $20. bib!., index. New York/London: Garland, 1983. + 229 pp., bibl., indexes. Berkeley/Los Angeles/ $55. James E. Kloeppel. Realm of the Long Eyes: A London: University of California Press, 1983. Brief History of Kitt Peak National Observatozy. Allan A. NeedeD (Editor). The First 25 Years in $29.95. xii + 136 pp., illus., index. San Diego, Cal.: Space: A Symposium. Foreword by David Chal­ Wolf Schafer (Editor). Finalization in Science: Univelt, lnc., 1983. $15 (paper). linor. xiii + 152 pp., bibls. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1983. Estimated The Social Orientation of Scientific Progress. Alice Hibner Koblitz. A Convergence of Lives: Translated by Pete Burgess. (Boston Studies in price: $12.50. Sofia Kovalevskaia: Scientist, Writer, Revolu­ the Philosophy of Science, 77 .j xviii + 315 pp., tionazy. xx + 305 pp., illus., bibl., index. Esteban Rodriguez Ocaiia. E1 colera de 1834 en bibls., indexes. Dordrecht/Boston/London: Boston/Basel/Stuttgart: Birkbauser, 1983. Granada: EnfermediJLJ. catastrofica y crisis so­ D. Reidel, 1983. (Distributed in the U.S. by $19.95. ciol. (Colecci6n Monografica Universidad de Kluwer Boston, Inc.) $59. Apr111984 page 19

Sciences et techniques en perspective. Jean G. Van Iterson, Jr.; L. E. den Dooren de Jong; Dhombres, Editor. Volume 1 1981- 1982. A. J. Kluyver. Martinus Willem Beijerinck: His Nantes: Sciences, Techniques, et Societes, Life and Work. Foreword by C. B. van Niel. Pref­ Universite de Nantes. (Edibllial office: Institut ace by Thomas D. Brock. xxix + 181 pp., il­ de Mathematiques, Uni~te de Nantes, 2, lus., apps., bibls. Madison, Wis.: Science Tech, chemin de Ia Housiniere, 44072 Nantes. I Inc., 1983. (Originally published by Martinus ISSN 0294-0264. Nijhoff, The Hague, 1940.) $45.

Lothar Shafer; Thomas SdmeDe Editors). Fran~ois Viete. The Analytic Art: Nine Studies Ludwik Fleck - Erfabnmg UDd Tatsache: in Algebra, Geometry, and 'lligonometry from Gesammelte Aufsiitze mit eiDer Einleitung. the "Opus restitutae mathematicae analyseos, (Suhrkamp Taschenbuch WJSSeOSChaft, 404.) seu algebra nova." Translated with an introduc­ 195 pp., figs., bibl., inda. Fianldurt: Suhr­ tion T. Richard Witmer. 450 pp., figs. Kent, by From Euclid's kamp, 1983 (paper). Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1983. $45. Geometria (Venice, B. F. Skinner. A Matter of Comequences: Part David L. Wagner (Editor). The Seven Liberal 1482), to be sold Three of an Autobiogmpby. 441 pp., illus., bibl., Arts in the Middle Ages. xiii + 282 pp., figs., at Sotheby's index. New York: Al.£n:d A Knopf; 10ronto: bibl., index. Bloomington: Indiana University Random House, 1983. $19.95. Press, 1984. $25. The John· D. Stanitz collection of scientific Richard Sorabji. Time, CreatioD am1 the Con­ John T. Wilson. Academic Science, Higher and technological books and manuscripts tinuum: Theories in Antiquity and the Early Education, and the Federal Government, will be sold at Sotheby Park Bernet in Middle Ages. xvi + 473 pp. app., bibl., index. 1950-1983. ix + 116pp., Chicago/London: Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Uniw:lsityPress, 1983. University of Chicago Press, 1983. $10 (cloth); New York on 25 April1984. The Stanitz $49.50. $3.50 (paper). collection is built around five major areas Paul E. Stepansky. In Freud& Sbodow: Adler in E. T. Wooldrige. Winged Wonders: The Story of - solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, Context. xiii + 325 pp. app., bibl., index. New the Flying Wings. Foreword by Walter J. Boyne. mathematics, machinery, and energetics. York: The Analytic Press, 1983. (Distributed in xiv + 230 pp., illus., apps., bibl., index. Wash­ The majotpieces include a second edition the U.S. and the U.K. by Lawtence Erlbaum As­ ington, D .C.: National Air and Space Museum, of Copernicus's De revolutionibus orbium sociates, Hillsdale, N .J. London.) $29.95. Smithsonian Institution Press, 1983. coelestium (1566); a first edition of Des­ George W. Stocking, Jr. Editor . Observers Ob­ John W. Yolton. Thinking Matter: Materialism cartes's Discours de la methode (which served: Essays on Etlmogmphic Fieldwork. (His­ in Eighteenth-Century Britain. xiv + 238 pp., includes la Dioptrique, les Meteores, and tory of Anthropology, 1. vi + 242 pp., illus., bibl., index. Minneapolis: University of Minne­ bibls., index. Madison: UniYerSity of Wisconsin sota Press, 1983. 1a Geometrie) (Leiden, 1637); a rare copy Press, 1983. $19.95. of Newton's Philosophiae Ililturalis prin­ Giancarlo Zanier. Medicina e filosofia tra '500 e Keith Thomas. Man and the Nat.uml World: A '600. (Centro di Studi del Pensiero Filosofico del cipia mathematica (London, 1687), with History of the Modem Sensibility. 426 pp., il­ Cinquecento e del Seicento in Relazione ai Pro­ one of the figures printed upside down (an lus., bibl., index. New York: Pantheon, 1983. blemi della Scienza del Consiglio Nazionale error corrected in later copies); and two $19.95. (Originally published in Great Britain delle Richerche, Studi, 22.)123 pp., index. original Albert Einstein autograph manu­ by Allan Lane, Penguin Books, London, as Man Milan: Franco Angeli Editore, 1983. L 10,000 scripts, signed, including both additions and the Natural World: Changing Attitudes in (paper). England, 1500-1800.) and corrections. Other authors in the August Ziggelaar. Franr;ois de Aguilon, S.J. history of mathematics, astronom~ and James A. Van Allen. Origin8 of .MQgnetospheric (1567-1617}; Scientist and Architect. (Biblio­ Physics. 144 pp., illus., apps., bibl. Washington, theca Instituti Historici S.I., 44.) 150 pp., illus., machinery include Galileo, Euler, Gauss, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1983. bibl. Rome: lnstimtum Historicum S.I., 1983 Kepler, Pascal, and Huygens - and Denis $19.95. (paper). Papin (the inventor of the pressure cooker).

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