DOCSLIB.ORG

At Sharm El Sheikh on April 10

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
At Sharm El Sheikh on April 10 ANTI APARTHEID NEWS ANTI APARTHEID NEWS The hewspaper of the Anti-Apartheid Movement Vorster shops for arms in Israel 5 - at Sharm El Sheikh on April 10. In spite of official denials that war-plane plant and inspected its electronic security fence. -p1 n irua an israei are to esiaOisn a Joint milsterial committee to improve their economic relations, following Prime Minister Vorster's visit to Israel, April 9-12. The committee was set up in a ration - are covered by the formal pact s ied byVorster and Israeli pact. PnMinlstr Rabiawhich deals Israeli nuclear scientists wiU be with economcmi scientific and indus- includedinthefirstscientifictrialm ' missionwhich Israel will send to Details of Cooperation have South Africa asa result of the pact still to be worked out - but reports Other signs suggest that the suggest that South Africa could South African visit was a shopping export uranium to Israel, as well as trip for Israeli weapons. coal, iron ore; cement and semi- Vorater made a 'private visit' processedteel. fromwhichjournalistswere The trip was only the third time excluded - to the aircraft plant at that Vorster has travelied outside Lydda where Israei's Kfir (lion cub) Africa since he became Prime delta-wing warplane is manufactured. Minister - his other visits were to He visited the Golan Heights and Portugal and Spain in 1970 and to israel'stborder with Lebanot , Where Paraguay itn 195. hesawthecountry'selectronicAlthough officialson both sides security fence and defence network denied that defence issues were dis- in action. Used matters clearlyrelated to And he went ona trip on a naval lefence- including nuclear ollabo- patrol boat with Israeli-manufactured Crisis in Rhodesia A public meeting in support of the struggle of the Zimbabwa people FriendsMeetingHouse.EustonRoad,LondonNW1WEDNESDAYMAY12 7.30pm Speakers include: JUDITH HART MP ELLIOTT KENDALL (Director, C & RR Unit, "British Council of Churches)ABDUL S MINTY (AAM Hon Secretary) Chairman: BOB HUGHES MP Admission lop - tickets available from AAM 89 Charlotte .Street London W1P:2D (Tel 01-580 5311) 'End SA police killings' SATIS (Southern Africa-The Impri- South AfricalnEmbassy calling for soned Society) supporters demon- an independent enquiry into Joseph strated outside South Africa House Mdiluli's death. ip London on April 9 to show their The letter demanded that the outrage at the murder of Joseph South African Government release Mdluli, the latest victim of Vorster's all political prisoners and dletainees Security Police. Signatories included Lord The mass picket was the climax Caradoi, Lord Brockway, Lord of a three-day protest mounted by Gardiner, Revd Dr Colin Morris, the African National Congress. General Secretary of the Methodist Throughout the three days Missionary Society, AUEW President demonstrators held placards bearing Hugh Scanlon, Cyril Plant, Chairthe names of the 23 detainees known man of the TUC, George Doughty, to have died at the hands of the former General Secretary of police in South Africa. AUEWITASS), NUS President Bishop Colin Winter of Damara. Charles Clark, the Anti-Apartheid land (Namibia), Communist Party Movement's President Bishop General Secretary Gordon Ambrose Reeves, and MPs David McLennan, Abdul Minty, Hon Steel, Sydney Bidwell, Joarn Lestor Secretary of the Anti-Apartheid and Andrew Faulds. Movement, and former South Picture and South African protests African political prisoner Fred against Joseph Mdluli's murder,, Saneson, handed in a letter to the pqge 3. In this issue: Implement arms ban -call from AAM RECENT disclosures have shown that breakIng the South African arms embargo has become big business in Britain. ABDUL MINTY exposes the loopholes in the ban and argues that new legislation is needed, page 5. Thousands protest at police murder ,IN South Africa thousands protested against the death in detention of former ANC member Joseph Mdluli and a call was made for his murderers to be treated like the Nazi war criminals. How Joseph MdIuIi died, page 3. 'Sick'blacks get sentence for life SWEDEN'sleeding daily newspaper, Dagens Nyheter, recently exposed the horrifying treatment given to Africans who are diagnosed as 'mentally sick' in South Africa. The paper's Editor-in-Chief,PER WASTBERG, describes the campa in which they are forced to live, page 10. , Rhodesian Bishop speaks out A DUTCH journalist, FRITS EISENLOEFFEL, recently talked to the Roman Catholic Bishop of Umtali, BISHOP DONAL LAMONT, about his assessment of the situation in Zimbebwe. Bishop Lamont speaks out, page 8. How I was tortured - SWAPO detainee SWAPO's Branch Secretary for northern Namibia, REUBEN HAUWANGA, has given a first-hand report of the atrocities committed by South African troops in northern Namibia and of the torture of SWAPO leaders detained under the TerrOrism Act. AA News publishes extracts from his statement at the UU, page 4. How SA is wooing the Arab States AT the same time as it has been strengthening its relations with Israel, South Africa has been putting out feelers to the Arab states. AA News reports on South Africa's overtures to Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and Lebanon, page 5. ACTION- ATIONAL AND INERNTONAL- Britain Birmingham IN Birmingham, the Anti-Apartheid Movement and Birmingham's Campaign for Justice in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) held a joint meeting on the British Government's role in Zimbabwe on March 13. Those present included representatives of the local Labour Party, local clergy and several Zimbabweans. The meeting urged the Labour Government to stand by its October 1974 Manifesto declaration, which stated: We will continue to support the liberation movements of Southern Africa.' The meeting also called on the Government to give unconditional aid to Mozambique in the application of sanctions against Rhodesia. Birmingham Trades Council heard former Zimbabwean detainee Didymus Mutasa speak on the current situation in Zimbabwe on April 1, at a meeting attended by 150delegates from local trade union branches. Birmingham AAM is planning to holds its annual general meeting early in May. Birmingham AAM has responded to the national Anti-Apartheid Movement's urgant appeal for funds with a £30 donation. Contact: Margaret Stanton 100 Oakfield Road, Sally Oak, Birmingham B29 7EG. East London 140 PEOPLE attended a successful one-day conference on Southern Africa on March 20, organied jointly by East London AntiApartheid Group and Walthamstow CLP. Ethel de Keyser, Stan Newens MP, Baruch Hirson (former pOlitical prisoner) and Edward Ramsdale of SACTU %iere the main speakers. , On ApT6, a joint meeting with Newham LPYS was addressed by Paul Joseph. On May 17 at 8.00 pm a meeting is being held on 'The Changing Face of Southern Africa', at 41 Rushmore Road, London E5. Ail are welcome. Contact: Jean Middleton, 205 Lower Clapton Road, London E5, tel 986 2707. Haringey HARINGEY Anti-Apartheid Group is planning a major fund-raising event on Saturday June 12, combining an evening of South African music, poetry and song, with the first showing in Haringey of the SATIS/IDAF Photographic Exhibition on 'Southern AfricaThe Imprisoned Society'. Tickets at E1.50 include wine ad refreshments. Further details from Margaret Ling, 348 6657 (home) or 349 1931 (day), or Sarah Carneson (883 5531). The Group held a successful jumble sale on March 20 and has been able to donate £25 to AAM. Bristol BRISTOL Anti Apartheid Movement is planning to hold a public meeting on June 8 at 7.30 pm at the Central Hall, Old Market, Bristol. There will be a showing- Actors and cine technicians extend SA ban THE two major trade unions in the British entertainment industry the actors' union Equity and the cine- technicians union ACTT - have both voted in favour of more stringent action to isolate South Africa. Equity, at its annual general meeting held April 11-12, reaffirmed its policy of refusing permission for television programmes featuring its members to be sold to South African television. In a new move, it asked Equity's Council to issue a standig instruction to members not to work in South Africa or Rhodesia. Previousli Equity's policy was to leave it to individual members to decide whether or not they-should per. form there. At the annual cOnference of ACTT, members voted to black all material emanating from South of a film on Namibia and the speakers will include a representative of the African National Congress of South Africa and a lcal churchman. Further details and offers of help: Ron Press, tel Bristol 426608. Cornwall ANTI-Aparttieid Movement members in St Austell, Cornwall, have arranged a weekend school on South Africa, May 8-9, at St Blazey Church Hall, St Austell,. A public meeting is also planned at 8pm on May a. * Contact: Debbie Parkin, 3 Brays Place, Sandy, St Austell, Cornwall. West London WEST London Anti-Apartheid Group held a successful fund-raising Curry Lunch Party on Sunday February 29. As a result it has donated £30 to AAM Head Office and £10 to the African National Congress. The Group held a public meeting on 'Women Under Apartheid'.to mark.Sharpeville Day on March 21. Speakers ware Shanti Naidoo and Hilda Bernstein. The Group is also planning to organise another fund-raising stall in Portobello Road Market, Contact: Betty Northedge, tel 5805311/5898243 . Barnet BARNET Anti-Apartheid Committee held a public meeting on Angola on February 24, at which the speaker was AAM Vice-Chairman Bob Hughes MP, It showed the film 'Angola in Struggle'. The Committee has been organising regular sales of AA News in Finchley's main shopping area It is planning a fund-raising folk eveningon May 1. It has also arranged a sponsored walk povisional date May 16), Anyone who would like to take part -as a walker or sponsor - please contact Joan Darling, 51 Dollis Park, London N3, tel. 346 7740. On Zimbabwe, the Committee distributed the AAM leaflet 'Crisis in Rhodesia' to Saturday morning shoppers on April 3.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Prologue to a Biography
    Notes Preface and Acknowledgements 1. R. Skidelsky, ‘Introduction’, John Maynard Keynes, Vol. 3: Fighting for Britain 1937–1946 (Macmillan Papermac, 2000), p. xxii. 1 The Caribbean in Turmoil: Prologue to a Biography 1. Lewis Archive, Princeton, Box 1/10; ‘Autobiographical Account’ by Sir Arthur Lewis, prepared for Nobel Prize Committee, December 1979, p. 4. 2. Lewis (1939), p. 5. In the 1920s, the white population in St Lucia and on average across the islands, was relatively low, at about 3 per cent of the population. The proportion was higher than this on islands completely dominated by sugar cultivation, such as Barbados. 3. Lewis (1939), p. 7. On the significance of colour gradations in the social and power structures of the West Indies, see ‘The Light and the Dark’, ch.4 in James (1963) and Tignor (2005) notes: ‘In place of the rigid two-tiered racial system, there had appeared a coloured middle class … usually light skinned, well educated, professional and urban … To this generation, Lewis … belonged’ (p.11). 4. Lewis (1939), p. 5. 5. Lewis (1939), p. 9. 6. The total value of exports from St Lucia fell from £421,000 (£8.10 per cap- ita) to £207,000 (£3.91) between 1920 and 1925, and to £143,000 (£2.65) by 1930 (Armitage-Smith, 1931, p. 62). 7. These data derive from Sir Sydney Armitage-Smith’s financial mission to the Leeward Islands and St Lucia in the depths of the depression in 1931 – undertaken while Lewis was serving time in the Agricultural Department office waiting to sit his scholarship exam.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender and the Development Agenda: Female Agency and Overseas Development, 1964-2018
    Gender and the Development Agenda: female agency and overseas development, 1964-2018. Helen Ette | [email protected] | 160212420 | BA History | Supervisor: Dr Martin Farr Introduction Development: a token department for token women? Mainstreaming Women’s Rights With 2018 marking the centenary of the Representation of Discussion of Gender and International Development Judith Hart: ‘When I first went to the House of Commons, 100 the People Act 1918, the history of women in British politics 90 women were expected to concern themselves only with welfare 80 has been of particular public interest. Despite their 70 matters. The breakthrough into economics and foreign affairs 60 presence since its 1964 creation, the influence and 50 has only occurred during my time.’ 40 30 experience of women in the Department for International Press Releases on India visit July 1977, HART 07/02 Hart Papers, People’s History 20 10 Museum, Manchester. 0 Development (DFID) lacks scholarly attention. My project 1997 2000 2005 2010 2015 2018 provides a novel perspective to contemporary themes of Number of references to ‘women and girls’ and ‘international development’ in the House of Commons since the creation of DFID gender, diversity, and political agency. Valerie Amos: ‘I don’t consider development per se to be a • Millennium Development Goal Three, 2000-2015 feminine or feminist subject if you look at the elements of it …. • International Development (Gender Equality) Act, 2014 History of Female Cabinet Members since 1929 I know that there are notions around philanthropy … and that • Sustainable Development Goal Five, 2016-2030 women warped issues around concerns about family, women, Digital, Culture, Media, and Sport Changing language of women’s rights Leader of the House of Commons and girls, but I think it would be very simplistic to talk about Leader of the House of Lords development as a ‘female’ subject.’ ‘Family planning’ & ‘population control’ ‘poverty reduction’ Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs Interview by Helen Ette, 7 September 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthur Lewis at the London School of Economics 1933–1948
    ‘Marvellous intellectual feasts’: Arthur Lewis at the London School of Economics 1933–1948 1* Barbara Ingham 1 School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK 2 * Corresponding author Paul Mosley [email protected] 2 University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK July 2010 [email protected] BWPI Working Paper 124 Brooks World Poverty Institute ISBN : 978-1-907247-23-1 Creating and sharing knowledge to help end poverty www.manchester.ac.uk/bwpi Abstract The paper is concerned with the decade and a half spent by the development economist, Arthur Lewis, at the London School of Economics between 1933 and 1948. It discusses the intellectual traditions of the institution that Lewis joined, and the various influences on the young economist. His research and teaching roles in London and Cambridge are covered, together with his work for the Fabian Society, and his links with the anti-imperialist movements centred in London in the 1930s and 1940s. The aim of the paper is to shed light on this highly significant but little known period in the career of the foremost development economist. Keywords: W.A. Lewis; LSE; colonial economics; development economics Barbara Ingham is Research Associate, Department of Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK. Paul Mosley is Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of Sheffield, UK. Acknowledgements: Research for the paper was funded by the Nuffield Foundation, with a grant awarded to Professor Paul Mosley of the University of Sheffield, UK, and Dr Barbara Ingham of the University of Salford, UK, in support of a project to produce an intellectual biography of Arthur Lewis.
    [Show full text]
  • Labour Women in Power Paula Bartley Labour Women in Power
    Labour Women in Power Paula Bartley Labour Women in Power Cabinet Ministers in the Twentieth Century Paula Bartley Stratford-upon-Avon, UK ISBN 978-3-030-14287-2 ISBN 978-3-030-14288-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14288-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019932971 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifcally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microflms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifc statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affliations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lord Jay of Ewelme, Gcmg
    BDOHP Biographical Details and Interview Index JAY, Michael Hastings GCMG (Baron Jay of Ewelme) (b. 16 June 1946) Career (with, on right, relevant pages in interview) Ministry of Overseas Development, 1969-73 p 4 UK Delegation, IMF-IBRD, Washington, 1973–75 pp 4-7 Ministry of Overseas Development, 1976–78 p 7 First Secretary (Aid), New Delhi, 1978–81 pp 7-13 Foreign and Commonwealth Office, 1981-85 pp 13-19 (Planning staff, 1981-82, pp 13-17; Private Secretary to Permanent Under-Secretary, 1982-85, pp 17-19) Counsellor: Cabinet Office, 1985–87 pp 19-25 Counsellor: (Financial and Commercial), Paris, 1987–90 pp 25-33 Assistant Under-Secretary of State for EC Affairs, FCO, 1990–93 pp 33-36 Deputy Under-Secretary of State (Director for EC and Economic pp 36-37 Affairs), FCO, 1994–96 Ambassador to France, 1996–2001 p 37 Permanent Under-Secretary of State, FCO and Head of the Diplomatic pp 37-49 Service, 2002–06 Prime Minister’s Personal Representative for G8 Summits, 2005–06 pp 50-51 1 THE LORD JAY OF EWELME GCMG (Sir Michael [Hastings] Jay) interviewed by Malcolm McBain at Ewelme, Oxon on 4 January 2007 Copyright: Lord Jay Education and family background MM: May I start by asking you a little about your family background and education, and how you came to come into the Government Service. MJ: My father spent his entire career – indeed most of his life – in the Navy. He went to Osborne in, I think, 1914 and then onto Dartmouth; he then joined the Navy where he stayed until he retired as a Captain in 1956 at the age of 52.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Force Feeding
    A History of Force Feeding Ian Miller A History of Force Feeding Hunger Strikes, Prisons and Medical Ethics, 1909–1974 This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the work’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if such material is not included in the work’s Creative Commons license and the respective action is not permitted by statutory regulation, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to duplicate, adapt or reproduce the material. Ian Miller Ulster University Coleraine , United Kingdom ISBN 978-3-319-31112-8 ISBN 978-3-319-31113-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-31113-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016941754 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 Open Access This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
    [Show full text]
  • Reinventing Britain: British National Identity and the European Economic Community, 1967-1975
    Reinventing Britain: British National Identity and the European Economic Community, 1967-1975 J. Meade Klingensmith Candidate for Senior Honors in History Leonard V. Smith, Thesis Advisor Submitted Spring 2012 Contents Preface/Acknowledgments 3 Introduction: “One Tiny, Damp Little Island” 7 Chapter One: The Two Wilsons: Harold Wilson and the 1967 EEC Application 23 Chapter Two: Keep Calm and Carry On: The 1967 EEC Debate in Public Discourse 37 Chapter Three: The Choice is Yours: The 1975 UK National Referendum 55 Chapter Four: England’s Dreaming: The 1975 Referendum in Public Discourse 69 Conclusion: The Song Remains the Same 83 Bibliography 87 2 Preface/Acknowledgments The thesis that you are now reading is substantially different from the one that I set out to write a year ago. I originally wanted to write about European integration. I, like many idealists before me, thought of regional political integration as the next step in the progression of civilization. I viewed the European Union as the first (relatively) successful experiment toward that end and wanted to conduct a study that would explore the problems associated with nations sacrificing their sovereignty and national identities in the name of integration, with the hope of exploring how those problems have been overcome in the past. Great Britain, as one of the European Union’s most prominent-yet-ambivalent members, jumped out to me as the perfect potential case study. I was fascinated by Prime Minister Harold Wilson’s attempt to convince Britons that joining with Europe was the right decision, by his potential kamikaze tactic of letting Britons decide for themselves in the country’s first-ever national referendum in 1975, and by their ultimate decision to stay in Europe despite decades of widespread resistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction Is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Beli & Howell Information Com pany 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 300/521-0600 Order Number 9307729 National role conceptions and foreign assistance policy behavior toward a cognitive model Breuning, Marijke, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1992 Copyright ©1992 by Breurdng, Marÿke.
    [Show full text]
  • Women and Parliaments in the UK
    Women and Parliaments in the UK Revised July 2011 by Catriona Burness © The support of the JRSST Charitable Trust in producing this Handbook is gratefully acknowledged. The JRSST Charitable Trust is endowed by The Joseph Rowntree Reform Trust Ltd. Front cover illustration Scottish Parliament Chamber Image © Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body – 2010 Sincere thanks to Brenda Graham for her help with proofreading and to Dr Françoise Barlet and to Kate Phillips for their comments on handbook drafts. Notes on the Author Dr Catriona Burness is an independent writer and consultant on politics. She has published many articles on the subject of women and politics and has worked at the universities of Dundee, Durham, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and St Andrews. She has held study fellowships in Finland, New Zealand and Sweden and worked at the European Parliament in Brussels for ten years. Catriona Burness asserts her moral right to be identified as the author of this book. The work is available on the basis that it may be used and circulated for non-commercial purposes and may not be adapted. ISBN: 978-0-9565140-3-5 Contents 4. Foreword 5. Introduction 6. House of Commons 9. Female Candidates and Elected MPs, October 1974-2010 10. Summary of Female MPs Elected 2010 11. Former Female Members of Parliament (MPs) 1918-2011 17. Current Female MPs, England 2011 21. Current Female MPs, Northern Ireland 2011 22. Current Female MPs, Scotland 2011 23. Current Female MPs, Wales 2011 24. National Assembly for Wales 27. Summary of Female Assembly Members (AMs) 1999-2011 28. Current Female Assembly Members (AMs) 2011 29.
    [Show full text]
  • From Common Market to European Union: Creating a New Model State?
    From Common Market to European Union: Creating a New Model State? Author: Peter Moloney Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3797 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2014 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Boston College The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Department of History FROM COMMON MARKET TO EUROPEAN UNION: CREATING A NEW MODEL STATE? A dissertation by PETER MOLONEY submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May, 2014 © Copyright by PETER MOLONEY 2013 Dissertation Abstract From Common Market to European Union: Creating a New Model State? Peter Moloney Advisor: James Cronin In 1957, the Treaty of Rome was signed by six West European states to create the European Economic Community1 (EEC). Designed to foster a common internal market for a limited amount of industrial goods and to define a customs union within the Six, it did not at the time particularly stand out among contemporary international organizations.2 However, by 1992, within the space of a single generation, this initially limited trade zone had been dramatically expanded into the world’s largest trade bloc and had pooled substantial sovereignty among its member states on a range of core state responsibilities.3 Most remarkably, this transformation resulted from a thoroughly novel political experiment that combined traditional interstate cooperation among its growing membership with an unprecedented transfer of sovereignty to centralized institutions.4 Though still lacking the traditional institutions and legitimacy of a fully-fledged state, in many policy areas, the European Union (EU) that emerged in 1992 was nonetheless collectively a global force.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction: the Rise and Decline of British Bolshevism
    Notes Introduction: the Rise and Decline of British Bolshevism 1. C. Bambery ‘Introduction’, in B. Pearce and M. Woodhouse, A History of Communism In Britain (London: Bookmarks, 1995 edn), p. iv. 2. D. Gluckstein The Tragedy of Bukharin (London: Pluto Press, 1994), pp. 171–81. 3. R. Darlington The Political Trajectory of J. T. Murphy (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1998), p. 136. 4. K. McDermott, ‘The history of the Comintern in the light of new docu- ments’, International Communism and the Communist International 1919–1943 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998), p. 33. 5. E. Hobsbawm, Age of Extremes: the Short Twentieth Century 1914–1991 (London: Michael Joseph, 1994), p. 71. 6. S. Fielding, ‘British Communism: Interesting but irrelevant?’, Labour History Review 60/2 (1995), pp. 120–3; also J. Saville, ‘The “Crisis” in Labour History: a Further Comment’, Labour History Review 61/3 (1996), pp. 322–8. A. Thorpe, ‘Comintern “Control” of the Communist Party of Great Britain’, English Historical Review 63/452 (1998), pp. 610–36; J. Klugmann, History of the Communist Party of Great Britain: Volume 1. Formation and Early Years 1919–1924 (London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1969); J. Klugmann, History of the Communist Party of Great Britain: Volume 2. The General Strike 1925–1926 (London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1969); F. King and G. Matthews (eds), About Turn: the Communist Party and the Outbreak of the Second World War (London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1990). 7. P. Anderson, ‘Communist Party History’, in R. Samuel (ed.), People’s History and Socialist Theory (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1981), pp. 145–57; K.
    [Show full text]
  • David Cameron's EU Renegotiation and Referendum Pledge
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Apollo David Cameron’s EU Renegotiation and Referendum Pledge: a Case of Déjà vu? Julie Smith1 Dr Julie Smith (Baroness Smith of Newnham) Robinson College Cambridge CB3 9AN [email protected] Abstract: The United Kingdom’s relationship with the European Union has long been fraught, creating tensions with European partners and dividing the main political parties. To try to overcome internal divisions in the Labour Party, Harold Wilson sought to renegotiate the UK’s terms of membership and then held a referendum on whether the country should stay in. The result – a two to one majority of remaining - was thought to have ended the question marks over British membership definitively. Four decades later, it was the Conservatives who were divided over Europe and Prime Minister David Cameron, in what appeared to be almost a carbon copy of Wilson’s actions, promising reform, renegotiation and a referendum. Yet the stakes in 2016 were rather higher than in 1975 and the challenges far greater - the more multi-faceted and institutionalised nature of the EU rendered the debate, and the potential costs and benefits, more complex. This article assesses the similarities between the two prime ministers’ decisions to renegotiate the UK’s terms of membership and the frameworks established for the ensuing referendums and notes significant differences, which render over-interpreting the parallels a risky business. Key words: United Kingdom and the European Union; 1975 referendum; EU renegotiation; 2016 EU referendum; David Cameron; Harold Wilson 1 Dr Julie Smith is Director of the European Centre in the Department of Politics and International Relations at Cambridge University and a member of the House of Lords.
    [Show full text]