4th Edition: November 2012 Core Skill Development Citizenship Laboratory Best Program Design Debate helps students To enhance productive The program offers develop reading, writing, citizenship in a democratic standards-based instruc- listening, and speaking society, debating facilitates tion with an emphasis on skills across the curriculum the integrated study of the the specific needs of as students learn to re- social sciences and hu- students and teachers in search and defend a vari- manities to promote civic the middle grades. The ety of positions on contro- competence. biggest and most success- versial issues ful program of its kind. Teachers’ Guide to the Middle School Public Debate Program MIDDLE SCHOOL PUBLIC DEBATE PROGRAM Teacher ’s Guide and Starter Materials This booklet contains all the materials teachers need to learn the Middle School Public Debate Program (MSPDP) format and program. It includes sample in- structional materials, information about preparing for tournaments, topic lists, and judging information. Additional materials are available online at www.middleschooldebate.com. Table of Contents About the MSPDP Guide to the Sample Essential Debate Debate Topics Rules for MSPDP Preparing for An article by MSPDP Debate Skills and How to How to select debate Competition Director Kate Shuster A guide to the sample Teach Them topics, and lists of Resources for teachers explains the debate on the A review of essential topics for debate, and students preparing design and topic “Ban debate skills, including including topics to participate in function of Boxing!” argumentation, aligned with selected MSPDP competitions. the including refutation, and note- social studies content Page 52-60 program. sample taking, with exercises standards. Competitions Page 3-11 notes. and ideas for use in the Page 30-44 Official rules for Page 12-16 classroom. MSPDP competitions. Page 17-29 Page 45-51 Additional Debate Coaching Resources Materials for Judging Frequently Asked What Parents Think Materials for Parents Skills Additional coaching Official MSPDP Questions for Teachers About the MSPDP Parents are essential to Brief readings and materials, including judging guide, Answers to most Results from a survey the MSPDP. Here are exercises covering ideas for running individual scoring questions asked by new of MSPDP parents the answers to their topics such as effective meetings, recruiting rubric, and judging teachers. and family members. questions. and a guide rebuttals, points of posters, and a sample manual. Page 97-104 Page 105-106 to parent involvement. information, and parent letter. Page 77-95 Page 107-112 public speaking. Page 70-76 Page 61-69 Next Step: Intramural Next Step: Forming a Next Step: Hosting a Appendix: Sample Tournament League Tournament Flow Sheet Maryland parent Teachers interested in Walton Middle School Essential Karen Sandler explains organizing intramural coaches Cynthia organizer for how she organized an competition can take Torres-Nusse and Don debaters and intramural debate the next step and Gordon explain how to judges. tournament at her organize a league. host an effective debate Page 119 child’s school. Page 115-116 tournament. Page 113-114 - Page 117-118 www.middleschooldebate.com 1 MIDDLE SCHOOL PUBLIC DEBATE PROGRAM About This Booklet This is a brief guide to the Middle School Public Debate Program (MSPDP), which currently serves tens of thousands of students in scores of schools throughout the United States. The program is housed at and primarily sponsored by Claremont McKenna College, in active partnership with the English- Speaking Union. Claremont McKenna College (CMC) is a liberal arts college with a primary mission of educating students for leadership positions in public affairs, business, and the professions. This booklet contains starter materials for teachers, parents, and administrators interested in the MSPDP. It is normally shipped with a sample debate on DVD or VHS. Although the materials here provide most of the information needed to use the MSPDP in class and competition, additional information is available on our website, www.middleschooldebate.com. A more extensive treatment suitable for student use can be found in our textbook, Speak Out! Debate and Public Speak- ing in the Middle Grades, available on Amazon.com and other retailers. Teachers who are interested in integrating debate and speaking skills across the curricu- lum should consult Speaking Across the Curriculum. About The MSPDP Now ten years old, the MSPDP was designed with middle school teachers to meet the specific educational needs of young adolescents. Unlike all other mid- dle school debating models, which merely map high school or college activities onto the middle grades, the design and implementation of the MSPDP has been informed by and geared towards research-based best practices in young adoles- cent education. This model was used to create the extraordinarily successful Middle School Public Debate Program. In ten years, more than 40,000 stu- dents in hundreds of middle schools have received debate and ar- gumentation class and contest training through the MSPDP. Pilot leagues are now starting in various locations throughout the United States. The MSPDP works to set high expectations for students participating in fully integrated leagues that bring public, private, and charter schools together for cooperative and active learning in a laboratory environment. www.middleschooldebate.com 2 MIDDLE SCHOOL PUBLIC DEBATE PROGRAM Introduction to the Middle School Public Debate Program: Kate Shuster, Director, Middle School Public Debate Program * Parts of this paper previously appeared in idebate, Volume 4, Issue 2. The Need for Middle School Debate There is a serious need for debating and public speaking programs in the middle grades. Most middle schools do not have extracurricular programs, particularly academic extracurricular programs. Students rarely have a chance to interact with students from other middle schools, particularly students from other communities. Further, middle school may be the last chance to productively reach students who are classified as “at-risk” students. These students are usually tracked into programs for low- achievers by the time they reach high schools, meaning that they are often not reached by high school debate programs, which normally reach students who are able to spare the time for elective courses or extracurricular clubs. If we can reach students in the middle grades, they are able to get the benefits of debate training. This means that students will be able to use the benefits of debate training once they get to a high school and beyond. Young adolescents are also less likely to be concerned about appear- ing “smart” in front of their peers, which means that students in the middle grades are particularly sus- ceptible to involvement in debate and public speaking activities. In addition, parents are more likely to be ac- tively involved in the education of their children in the middle grades than they are in high school. This is pri- marily because children are less independent in young adolescence than they are in later adolescence. Paren- tal involvement is an essential part of program sustain- ability and expansion, as I will explain later. Given the demonstrated importance of oral liter- acy in high school and beyond, it is particularly impor- tant to train young adolescent students in public speak- ing and debate. Young adolescents are quite talkative and argumentative, especially when compared to their counterparts in high schools. This makes debate a natural fit for the middle grades. When I speak to teachers about debate education, they often remark that the challenge for middle school students is not how to get them to debate, but how to get them to listen. Fortunately, debate does teach students how to be active and critical listeners. Listening skills are increasingly important in state-mandated content standards. These skills are critical to success across the curriculum, because if students do not develop sophisticated listening skills, they will not be able to fully process and engage other aspects of curricular instruction. In addition, debate creates an incentive structure to build listening skills as well as providing the infrastructure upon which such skills can be effectively constructed and developed. Such learning tools as “flowing,” the system of taking notes in a formal debate, can help students to immediately focus on listening and critical engagement with an ongoing discussion. Debate practice in the middle grades allows students to build skills they will need in high school and beyond. Debating is “active learning,” understood as a process of involving students in an activity while they reflect critically about what it is they are doing. Active learning strategies help students to master content and develop thinking skills. This skill acquisition means that students are more likely to succeed in classes, particularly smaller and more challenging seminar-style classes, where students are normally called upon to discuss a wide variety of subjects on relatively short notice. Although debate programs in the middle grades can help build and sustain high school debate programs (and this has been borne out in our outreach program), it is important to note that the purpose of middle school debate outreach should not be the expansion of high school debating. Middle school www.middleschooldebate.com 3 MIDDLE SCHOOL PUBLIC DEBATE PROGRAM students and middle level