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Praxis Društvena Kritika I Humanistički Socijalizam

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Praxis Društvena Kritika I Humanistički Socijalizam Uredili Dragomir Olujić Oluja i Krunoslav Stojaković PRAXIS DRUŠTVENA KRITIKA I HUMANISTIČKI SOCIJALIZAM ZBORNIK RADOVA SA MEĐUNARODNE KONFERENCIJE O JUGOSLAVENSKOJ LJEVICI: PRAXIS-FILOZOFIJA I KORČULANSKA LJETNA ŠKOLA (1963-1974)63-1974 Uredili Dragomir Olujić Oluja i Krunoslav Stojaković PRAXIS DRUŠTVENA KRITIKA I HUMANISTIČKI SOCIJALIZAM ZBORNIK RADOVA SA MEĐUNARODNE KONFERENCIJE O JUGOSLAVENSKOJ LJEVICI: PRAXIS-FILOZOFIJA I KORČULANSKA LJETNA ŠKOLA (1963-1974) Beograd, 2012 IMPRESSUM PUBLIKACIJA: PRAXIS. DRUŠTVENA KRITIKA I HUMANISTIČKI SOCIJALIZAM Zbornik radova sa Međunarodne konferencije o jugoslavenskoj ljevici: Praxis-fi lozofi ja i Korčulanska ljetna škola (1963-1974) IZDAVAČ: Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung Regionalna kancelarija za jugoistočnu Evropu Gospodar Jevremova 47, Beograd, Srbija UREDNIŠTVO Dragomir Olujić Oluja Krunoslav Stojaković UREDNIČKI SAVET Boris Kanzleiter AUTORI I AUTORKE TEKSTOVA: Katarzyna Bielińska-Kowalewska, Luka Bogdanić, Branka Ćurčić, Thomas Flierl, Gabriella Fusi, Zagorka Golubović, Božidar Jakšić, Hrvoje Jurić, Boris Kanzleiter, Gal Kirn, Matthias István Köhler, Michael Koltan, Ivan Kuvačić, Nada Ler Sofronić, Ante Lešaja, Dušan Marković, Predrag Matvejević, Dragomir Olujić Oluja, Nebojša Popov, Thomas Seibert, Nenad Stefanov, Krunoslav Stojaković, Alen Sućeska, Lino Veljak PREVODI: Luka Bogdanić, Tomislav Brlek, Sonja Djerasimović, Ines Meštrović FOTOGRAFIJE: Zdravko Kučinar, Rajko Grlić LEKTURA I KOREKTURA: Dragomir Olujić Oluja DIZAJN: Ana Humljan PRIPREMA ZA ŠTAMPU: Dejan Dimitrijević ŠTAMPA: Pekograf, Beograd, decembar 2012. TIRAŽ: 600 SADRŽAJ 2 PREDGOVOR Boris Kanzleiter i Krunoslav Stojaković 5 UVOD 7 Dragomir Olujić Oluja, Prošlost u nastupanju 13 1 REFLEKSIJE I POZICIJE SUDIONIKA 15 Predrag Matvejević, Requiem za jednu ljevicu 27 Ivan Kuvačić, Što nas je držalo na okupu? 30 Božidar Jakšić, „Praxis“ - kritički izazovi 90 Nebojša Popov, Praksis i antipraksis. Prilog ispitivanju jednog jugoslovenskog paradoksa 110 Zagorka Golubović, Kritička filozofija u periodu postsocijalističke tranzicije 125 Lino Veljak, Smije li se govoriti o današnjoj aktualnosti „Praxisa“? 129 2 FILOZOFIJA, POLITKA, KULTURA 131 Alen Sućeska, Spekulativnost praxis-filozofije: Pokušaj marksističke kritike 148 Michael Koltan, Filozofija „Praxisa“ i studentski prosvjedi 1968. godine 173 Hrvoje Jurić, Anarhizam i marksizam u perspektivi „praxis-filozofije” 201 Luka Bogdanić, „Praxisova“ kritika nacionalnog pitanja: Godina 1971. 223 Thomas Seibert, Ontologija revolucije. Jedanaest teza o grupi „Praxis“ danas 239 Branka Ćurčić, Kultura po meri čoveka? 250 Gal Kirn, Crni talas kao umjetnički izraz „Praxisa“? 261 Nada Ler Sofronić, Mlade žene ne smiju pristati da se njihovo pitanje rješava tek poslije pobjede 99% 267 3 „PRAXIS“ U SV(IJ)ETU, SV(IJ)ET U „PRAXISU“ 269 Katarzyna Bielińska-Kowalewska, Kako je poljski revizionizam „mimoišao“ tzv. praxis- filozofiju 293 Thomas Flierl, „Praxis“, „otuđenje“ i „moderni socijalizam“ u filozofskim raspravama u DR Njemačkoj 301 Matthias István Köhler, „Budimpeštanska škola“ i Korčulanska ljetna škola 317 Gabriella Fusi, Talijanski intelektualci na Korčuli: između filozofije i politike 329 Dušan Marković, „Praxis“ i Francuska: veze, saradnja, odjeci 349 Nenad Stefanov, Filozofija „Praxisa“ i nedogmatska ljevica u SR Njemačkoj. Percepcije, projekcije i (ne)sporazumi 367 4 ARHEOLOGIJA BUDUĆNOSTI 369 Ante Lešaja, Građa za istraživanje „Praxisa“ i Korčulanske ljetne škole 389 5 IZLOŽBA 391 Praxis i Korčulanska ljetna škola – tragovi jednog desetljeća (1963.-1974.) 415 BIOGRAFIJE PREDGOVOR U razdoblju od 1963. do 1974. godine, Filozofija je interpretirana kao nužno otok i grad Korčula bili su mjesto oku- „intervenirajuća znanost“ koja aktivno i pljanja kritičkih intelektualaca kako sa neposredno djeluje u društvu i društve- Istoka tako i sa Zapada. Prostorije mje- nim zbivanjima. Te diskusije izvirale su snog Doma kulture, ali i mnoge druge iz konteksta tadašnjih historijskih to- u gradu, pretvarale su se tokom godiš- kova. Unutar tih razmatranja o „huma- njih zasjedanja Korčulanske ljetne škole nističkom socijalizmu“ dodirivalo se u centar dalekosežnih debata o pozi- mišljenje zapadno-europske nove ljevice cijama kritičke filozofije, sociologije i, i tzv. Frankfurtske škole kao i elemena- s time nerazdvojivo u vezi, političkim ta kritike staljinizma istočno-europskih perspektivama emancipacije. Herbert znanstvenika i filozofa. Te debate su tek Marcuse, Erich Fromm, Ernst Bloch, i postale moguće u relativno otvorenoj Ernest Mandel, Jürgen Habermas, intelektualnoj i političkoj klimi Jugosla- Zygmunt Baumann i Ágnes Heller su vije šezdesetih godina. samo neka od imena najpoznatijih filo- zofa i intelektualaca koji su bili redovni Gotovo četrdeset godina poslije fak- gosti Ljetne škole. Organizatori skupa tičke zabrane Korčulanske ljetne škole su bili okupljeni oko zagrebačkog filo- i filozofskog časopisa „Praxis“ 1974. zofskog časopisa „Praxis“, u kojemu su godine jadranski otok Korčula i mje- svoje radove publicirali autori iz cijele sni Kulturni centar grada Korčula su Jugoslavije i svijeta. tokom Konferencije „Praxis – Kritika i humanistički socijalizam“ od 13. do 15. Usresređeni na centralne elemente listopada 2011. opet postali središte filo- Marxovih ranih radova, autori „Praxi- zofske i historijske rasprave te kritičkog sa“ formulirali su kritiku „mehanici- preispitivanja sadašnjice. Rosa Luxem- stičkog determinizma“ i teorije odraza burg Stiftung kao organizator konferen- „sovjetskog marksizma”. Nasuprot toj cije nastojala je, po uzorku historijske vladajućoj struji unutar „stare“ insti- škole, povezati znanstvenike i teoreti- tucionalizirane ljevice, praxisovci su čare kako sa prostora bivše zajedničke stavljali fokus na kreativne potencijale države tako i iz inozemstva. Imajući pojedinca i problematiku otuđenja. Za Marxovu poruku o „bespoštednoj kri- praxisovce filozofija nije bila puka aka- tici svega postojećega“ na umu, namjera demska disciplina koja se tek umno bavi organizatora bila je otvaranje kritičke i metafizičkim pitanjima i problemima. znanstvene diskusije o historiji časopisa 2 PREDGOVOR „Praxis“ i Korčulanske ljetne škole, koja sudionika historijske Korčulanske ljetne je danas zaboravljena kao i mnogi drugi škole i autora „Praxisa“. emancipatorski momenti socijalizma u bivšoj Jugoslaviji. Konferencija i publikacija su bili zajed- nički projekat velikog broja kolega i ko- Cilj kojemu je Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung legica, bez kojih je ovakav projekat nei- smjerala održavanjem konferencije je zvodljiv. Zahvaljujemo svim učesnicima bila historijska rekonstrukcija rasprava i autorima, naročito bivšim akterima na unutar „Praxisa“ i Ljetne škole. Naše in- sudjelovanju. Svjesni smo velikog napo- tencije su se odnosile na pitanje da li su ra koji put do otoka Korčula zahtijeva. filozofske pretpostavke „Praxisa“ i ta- Zahvaljujemo se i gospodinu Ivanu Ku- dašnjih debata reprezentirale „treći put“ vačiću koji, nažalost, zbog zdravstvenih između kapitalizma i etatističkog soci- razloga nije bio u mogućnosti sudjelo- jalizma i u čemu leži aktualnost lijeve vati, ali nam je poslao svoje pozdrave i društvene kritike za današnjicu. Konfe- kratak tekst o historijskim zasjedanji- rencija je bila fokusirana na historijski ma. Također se zahvaljujemo profesoru period nastanka i djelovanja praxis-fi- Predragu Matvejeviću koji nam je ljuba- lozofije i Korčulanske ljetne škole u raz- zno proslijedio tekst o političko-teorij- doblju od 1963. do 1974. Nismo fokusi- skom nasljeđu „Praxisa“. Profesor Lino rali na dalji razvoj aktera „Praxisa“ do Veljak iz Zagreba nam je pomogao u danas. Imajući u vidu disparatni razvoj organizaciji i realizaciji okruglog stola. I i kontroverze unutar bivše „Praxis“- njemu hoćemo da se zahvalimo. grupe, koja nikada nije bila homoge- na, to bi bila tema za dalja iztraživanja Posebno se zahvaljujemo Korčulanima i debate. Zbornik koji držite u rukama profesoru Anti Lešaji i Petru Milatu, prikuplja eseje raznolikih tematskih koji su nam na sve moguće načine po- pristupa predstavljenih na skupu. mogli u pripremama skupa. Usto, Petar Milat je koncipirao izložbu u okviru Pored mladih znanstvenika iz Bosne i konferencije. Rajko Grlić nam je ustu- Hercegovine, Hrvatske, Slovenije, Ko- pio fotografije i video materijal na čemu sova i Srbije učestvovali su i analitičari smo mu puno zahvalni. Zahvaljujemo iz Njemačke i Poljske, a geografski ras- se i kolegama i kolegicama Kulturnog pon izlaganja je obuhvaćao Francusku, centra, Lani Filippi Brkić i Ratku Kalu- Čehoslovačku, Mađarsku, Zapadnu i djeri, koji su svakodnevno bili na raspo- Istočnu Njemačku, Poljsku i, naposljet- laganju. Prevoditeljice Ines Meštrović i ku, Socijalističku Federativnu Repu- Sonja Djerasimović su pokazale visoku bliku Jugoslaviju. Posebno je značajno stručnost i koncentraciju, one su mnogo učešče Zagorke Golubović, Božidara doprinijele uspijehu skupa. Našoj nje- Jakšića, Nebojše Popova, Gaje Sekuli- mačkoj kolegici Elfriede Müller i kolegi ća i Lina Veljaka, kao i nekoliko drugih Thomasu Flierlu iz Kulturforuma Rosa 3 PREDGOVOR Luxemburg Stiftung u Berlinu se zahva- ljujemo na prvobitnoj sugestiji za održa- vanje skupa i na pomoći pri konceptu- alizaciji programa. Dragomiru Olujiću Oluji oduvijek smo odani i zahvalni na prijateljstvu, a vezano uz zbornik za- hvaljujemo mu na korekturama i preu- zimanju lektorata. Zahvaljujemo se i našim kolegincima iz Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, Ljubici Pale- ček i Ani Veselinović, koje su učestvo- vale u organizaciji konferencije. Kolega Vladan Jeremić je obavljao veliki
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