Herpetofauna of Serra Do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest Remnant in Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil

Herpetology Notes, volume 12: 245-260 (2019) (published online on 03 February 2019)

Herpetofauna of Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in Bahia State, northeastern Brazil

Marco Antonio de Freitas1, Thais Figueiredo Santos Silva2, Patrícia Mendes Fonseca3, Breno Hamdan4,5, Thiago Filadelfo6, and Arthur Diesel Abegg7,8,*

Originally, the Atlantic Forest Phytogeographical The implications of such scarce knowledge on the Domain (AF) covered an estimated total area of conservation of AF biodiversity are unknown, but they 1,480,000 km2, comprising 17% of Brazil’s land area. are of great concern (Lima et al., 2015). However, only 160,000 km2 of AF still remains, the Historical data on deforestation show that 11% of equivalent to 12.5% of the original forest (SOS Mata AF was destroyed in only ten years, leading to a tragic Atlântica and INPE, 2014). Given the high degree of estimate that, if this rhythm is maintained, in fifty years threat towards this biome, concomitantly with its high deforestation will completely eliminate what is left of species richness and significant endemism, AF has AF outside parks and other categories of conservation been classified as one of twenty-five global biodiversity units (SOS Mata Atlântica, 2017). The future of the AF hotspots (e.g., Myers et al., 2000; Mittermeier et al., will depend on well-planned, large-scale conservation 2004). Our current knowledge of the AF’s ecological strategies that must be founded on quality information structure is based on only 0.01% of remaining forest. about its remnants to support informed decision- making processes (Kim and Byrne, 2006), including the investigations of faunal and floral richness and composition, creation of new protected areas, the planning of restoration projects and the management of natural resources. 1 Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Although the Atlantic Forest is generally treated ESEC Murici, Rua Marino Vieira de Araújo 32, Murici, as a single phyto-physiognomic formation along its Alagoas 56537-000, Brazil. geographic distribution (SOS Mata Atlântica and 2 Ecologic Consultoria Ambiental, Rua João Chagas Ortins de Freitas 327, Lauro de Freitas, Bahia 42710-610, Brazil. INPE, 2014), we now know that this formation is 3 Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, not homogeneous and can be divided into subgroups Rua Barão de Geremoabo 147, Salvador, Bahia 40170-290, according to the faunal and floral composition. The AF Brazil. of northeastern Brazil displays particular characteristics, 4 Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio resulting in high species richness and endemism (Olson de Janeiro, Av. Pedro Calmon 550, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de et al., 2001; Forlani et al., 2010; Moura et al., 2016). In Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil. the State of Bahia, research involving herpetology has 5 Coleção Científica Instituto Vital Brazil, Instituto Vital Brazil, Rua Maestro José Botelho 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24230- intensified beginning in the year 2000, especially with 410, Brazil. respect to basic inventories and the descriptions of new 6 Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro S/N, Universidade de species (e.g., Silvano & Pimenta, 2003; Argôlo, 2005; Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil. Juncá, 2006; Juncá & Nunes, 2008; Napoli & Pimenta, 7 Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto 2009; Camurugi et al., 2010; Napoli et al., 2011; Dias Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil 1.500, São Paulo, São Paulo et al., 2014a,b, 2017). However, the herpetofauna of 05503-900, Brazil. the AF in Bahia State continues to be threatened by 8 Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Biociências (IB-USP), Rua do Matão, 14, São Paulo, 05508-090, São deforestation, agriculture, exotic animal husbandry, and Paulo, Brazil. highway constructions (Freitas, 2014a). * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Rates of deforestation of the AF hotspot, which should 246 Marco Antonio de Freitas et al. be close to zero, are in fact four orders of magnitude where sub-humid and semi-arid climates prevail. At the larger than rates of sampling, meaning that most of the Serra do Timbó, however, the predominant climate is AF might disappear before the structure and diversity tropical-humid (Cruz and Napoli, 2010). of its forests are properly described (Liam et al., 2015). Sampling.—The research for the Serra do Timbó Thus, considering the gaps on scientific knowledge of herpetofaunal survey was divided into two stages, the the richness and composition of fauna in the Northeast first consisting of two field recognition visits, one on region of Brazil, the objectives of this study were to 10 November 2006 and the other on 22 December document the herpetofauna richness and composition 2006, when several points were covered for a better based a long-term field work at Serra do Timbó, Bahia, understanding of the areas to be sampled in order to highlighting the endemism, reporting geographic notes choose a strategic point for the camp with running water and discussing its strategic importance for maintenance and easy vehicle access. The second stage comprised of a unique biota. ten sampling campaigns, employing an average of two people, although field campaigns with up to six Material and methods people were conducted in January (12 d), April (4 d), Study area.—The Serra do Timbó consists of a July (3 d), September (4 d), and November (1 d) 2007, mountain massif located in the Jiquiriçá Valley, in in January (4 d), May (3 d), July (2 d), October (3 d) western portion of the Recôncavo Baiano (ca. 13.1000°S, 2008, and in May 2009 (4 d), totalling approximately 39.6500°W) in Bahia State, between the municipalities 1200 h of active search per observer. During the active of Amargosa and Ubaíra (Fig. 1). It is a mountain range search periods, two pitfall lines, each of 50 m length characterized by semi-deciduous tropical forests, whose with 10 buckets (20 and 60 liters) arranged every five vegetation is impacted by banana and cacao plantations, meters, were used to capture the herpetofauna. Traps pasture formation, and selective cutting of forest species were installed at elevations of 750 and 900 m. The of commercial interest (MMA, 2014). The elevational specimens were collected and forwarded to the Zoology range of the Serra do Timbó is 600–900 m. According Museum of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), to Ab’Saber (1977) and Olson et al. (2001), the region and Zoology Museum of the State University of Santa where the Serra do Timbó is located is part of a transition Cruz (UESC). The taxonomic nomenclature follows between the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest domains, Costa and Bérnils (2018) for reptiles and Segalla et al.

Figure 1. Location of the Serra do Timbó mountain massif in Brazil (ca. 13.1000°S, 39.6500°W). Herpetofauna of the Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in Brazil 247

(2016) for amphibians, with modifications made by in 19 families and 41 genera: Amphisbaenidae (1 sp.), Dubois (2017). Chelidae (2 spp.), Dactyloidae (3 spp.), Gekkonidae (1 sp.), Gymnophtalmidae (2 spp.), Leiosauridae (1 Results sp.), Mabuyidae (1 sp.), Phyllodactylidae (2 spp.), Polychrotidae (2 spp.), Sphaerodactylidae (1 sp.), A total of 109 species (Table 1; Figs. 2–8) were Teiidae (3 spp.), Tropiduridae (3 spp.), Boidae (2 spp.), recorded in the Serra do Timbó. The 55 amphibians Colubridae (7 spp.), Dipsadidae (15 spp.), Elapidae species were distributed in 12 families and 29 genera: (1 sp.), Leptotyphlopidae (1 sp.), Typhlopidae (1 sp.), Arombatidade (1 sp.), Brachycephalidae (1 sp.), Viperidae (5 spp.). Among the reptiles, the most notable Bufonidae (4 spp.), Centrolenidae (1 sp.), Craugastoridae records belong to Bothrops pirajai, a viperid snake (5 spp.), Eleutherodactylidae (1 sp.), Hemiphractidae classified as “Endangered”, the tortoise Hydromedusa (2 spp.), Hylidae (20 spp.), Leptodactylidae (11 maximiliani, classified as “Data Deficient” and an spp.), Microhylidae (2 spp.) and Phyllomedusidae (4 undescribed species of lizard of the genus Leposoma. spp.). Among amphibians, it is worth mentioning the records of Proceratophrys sanctaritae, an endemic Discussion species of Serra do Timbó and categorized “Critically Endangered”, as well as Phasmahyla timbo, classified as The Serra do Timbó herpetofauna richness is very “Data Deficient” and known only from two localities. high when compared to other AF sites in northeastern Regarding reptiles, the 54 species sampled are distributed Brazil (Table 2). The region near the Recôncavo Baiano

Figure 2. Representative lizard species from the Serra do Timbó mountains in northeastern Brazil. (A) Norops fuscoauratus. (B) Enyalius catenatus. (C) Kentropyx calcarata. (D) Strobilurus torquatus. Photographs by Marco Antonio de Freitas. 248 Marco Antonio de Freitas et al.

Figure 3. Representative snake species from the Serra do Timbó mountains in northeastern Brazil. (A) Bothrops bilineatus. (B) Bothrops leucurus. (C) Bothrops pirajai. (D) Chironius foveatus. (E) Imantodes cenchoa (F) Lachesis muta. Photographs A-E by Marco Antonio de Freitas; F by Márcia Neves.

has been shown to be very diverse in relation to the that the sampling carried out in the Jibóia and Timbó herpetofauna, possessing the two richest AF localities in mountains covered more time than those in other AF the northeast region of the country (Serra da Jibóia and sites in this area, covering several years (Dias et al., Serra do Timbó). However, it should be emphasized 2014b; Freitas et al., 2018). Thus, differences between Herpetofauna of the Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in Brazil 249

Figure 4. Representative amphibian species from the Serra do Timbó mountains in northeastern Brazil. (A) Adelophryne pachydactyla. (B) Agalychnis aspera. (C) Aplastodiscus ibirapitanga. (D) Boana albomarginata. (E) Boana crepitans. (F) Boana exastis. Photographs by Marco Antonio de Freitas.

species richness reported for the Recôncavo Baiano close, about 20 km distant from each other, and share mountains and other localities in the northeastern AF many species of amphibians and reptiles, including an may represent a sampling effect. undescribed lizard of the genus Leposoma (Pellegrini The Jibóia and Timbó mountains are geographically et al., 2011; Freitas et al., 2018). On the other hand, 250 Marco Antonio de Freitas et al.

Figure 5. Representative amphibian species from the Serra do Timbó mountains in northeastern Brazil. (A) Boana faber. (B) Boana pombali. (C) Bokermannohyla capra. (D) Chiasmocleis schubarti. (E) Cyclorhampus migueli. (F) Dendropsophus elegans. Photographs by Marco Antonio de Freitas.

some species are found on only one of the mountains, sanctaritae, which is restricted to the Serra do Timbó. emphasizing microendemism, as in the case of The Serra do Timbó seems to be at the northern end Gastrotheca flamma Juncá & Nunes, 2008, which of the distribution for some amphibian species that also occurs only in the Serra da Jibóia, and Proceratophrys occur in the south and southeast of Bahia State, such Herpetofauna of the Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in Brazil 251

Figure 6. Representative amphibian species from the Serra do Timbó mountains in northeastern Brazil. (A) Frostius pernambucensis. (B) Gastrotheca pulchra. (C) Gastrotheca recava. (D) Haddadus binotatus. (E) Ischnocnema verrucosa. (F) Leptodactylus mystacinus. Photographs by Marco Antonio de Freitas.

as Chiasmocleis schubarti, Cycloramphus migueli, and al., 2018). Phasmahyla timbo, which are not found in the Serra According to the recent national assessment of the da Jibóia (Silvano and Pimenta, 2003; Juncá, 2006; risk of extinction of Brazilian fauna (MMA, 2014), two Camurugi et al., 2010; Dias et al., 2014a,b; Freitas et species found in the Serra do Timbó are threatened with 252 Marco Antonio de Freitas et al.

Figure 7. Representative amphibian species from the Serra do Timbó mountains in northeastern Brazil. (A) Ololygon strigilatus. (B) Phasmahyla timbo. (C) Phyllodytes wuchereri. (D) Phyllomedusa burmeisteri. (E) Physalaemus cuvieri. (F) Physalaemus kroyeri. Photographs by Marco Antonio de Freitas.

extinction, Bothrops pirajai (Serpentes: Viperidae) and Atlantic Forest and an estimated area of occurrence of Proceratophrys sanctaritae (Anura: Odontophrynidae). only 4639 km2, without records in any Integral Protection The first is listed as “Endangered” (EN), with a Conservation Unit (Freitas et al., 2014b; MMA, 2014). geographic distribution restricted to the northeastern The second threatened species is even more alarming. Herpetofauna of the Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in Brazil 253

Figure 8. Representative amphibian species from the Serra do Timbó mountains in northeastern Brazil. (A) Proceratophrys sanctaritae. (B) Proceratophrys schirchi. (C) Rhinella jimi. (D) Scinax auratus. (E) Scinax eurydice. (F) Vitreorana eurygnatha. Photographs by Marco Antonio de Freitas.

Known only from its type locality (Santa Rita Forest region where this species has been recorded is severely in the Serra do Timbó, Amargosa Municipality), P. fragmented, including only 3% of native vegetation sanctaritae is categorized as “Critically Endangered” remnants (in 2009), with forest loss continuing in (CR), a category used only for taxa that are at extremely recent years (MMA, 2014). In addition, two other high risk of extinction in the short and medium term. Its species occurring in the Serra do Timbó deserve special area of occurrence is estimated to be only 8 km2, and the mention, the tortoise Hydromedusa maximiliani and the 254 Marco Antonio de Freitas et al.

Table 1. Amphibians and reptiles recorded at Serra do Timbó, Bahia State, Brazil. For taxa without a listed source, the present study is the first record. Table 1. Amphibians and reptiles recorded at Serra do Timbó, Bahia State, Brazil. For taxa without a listed source, the present study is the first record.

Taxon Source Aromobatidae Allobates olfersioides (A. Lutz, 1925) Brachycephalidae Ischnocnema verrucosa (Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862) Freitas et al. (2011) Bufonidae Rhinella jimi (Stevaux, 2002) Rhinella granulosa (Spix, 1824) Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Frostius pernambucensis (Bokermann, 1962) Centrolenidae Vitreorana eurygnatha (Lutz, 1925) Freitas et al. (2007b) Craugastoridae Haddadus binotatus (Spix, 1824) “Eleutherodactylus” bilineatus (Bokermann, 1975) Pristimantis gr. ramagii sp1 Pristimantis sp. Pristimantis paulodutrai (Bokermann, 1975) Cycloramphidae Proceratophrys schirchi (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937) Proceratophrys sanctaritae Cruz & Napoli, 2010 Cruz & Napoli (2010) Cycloramphus migueli Heyer, 1988 Freitas et al. (2007a) Eleutherodactylidae Adelophryne pachydactyla Hoogmoed et al., 1994 Hemiphractidae Gastrotheca pulchra Caramaschi and Rodrigues, 2007 Freitas et al. (2009) Gastrotheca recava Teixeira et al., 2012 Hylidae Aplastodiscus ibirapitanga (Cruz et al., 2003) Boana albomarginata (Spix, 1824) Boana crepitans (Wied-Neuwied, 1824) Boana faber (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Boana exastis (Caramaschi and Rodriguez, 2003) Boana pombali (Caramaschi et al., 2004) Bokermannohyla capra Napoli and Pimenta, 2009 Napoli & Pimenta (2009) Dendropsophus branneri (Cochran, 1948) Dendropsophus elegans (Wied-Neuwied, 1824) Dendropsophus haddadi (Bastos and Pombal, 1996) Dendropsophus oliveirai (Bokermann, 1963) Phyllodytes luteolus (Wied-Neuwied, 1824) Phyllodytes wuchereri (Peters, 1873) Ololygon strigilata (Spix, 1824) Scinax auratus (Wied-Neuwied, 1821). Scinax cf. similis Scinax eurydice (Bokermann, 1968). Scinax fuscomarginatus (A. Lutz, 1925). Scinax x-signatus (B. Lutz, 1968) Trachycephalus mesophaeus (Hensel, 1867) Taxon Source Leptodactylidae Adenomera thomei (Almeida and Ângulo, 2006) Leptodactylus fuscus (Schneider, 1799) Leptodactylus latrans (Steffen, 1815) Leptodactylus vastus A. Lutz, 1930 Leptodactylus mystaceus (Spix, 1824) Leptodactylus mystacinus (Burmeister, 1861) Leptodactylus troglodytes A. Lutz, 1926 Physalaemus gr. signifer Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 Physalaemus kroyeri (Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862) Pseudopaludicola mystacalis Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937 Microhylidae Dermatonotus muelleri (Boettger, 1885) Chiamoschleis schubarti Bokermann, 1952 Phyllomedusidae Agalychnis aspera Cruz, 1989 Freitas et al. (2008) Phasmahyla timbo Cruz et al., 2008 Cruz et al. (2008) Pithecopus nordestinus (Caramaschi, 2006) Phyllomedusa bahiana Lutz, 1925

REPTILIA Amphisbaenidae Amphisbaena alba (Linnaeus, 1758). Chelidae Acanthochelys radiolata (Mikan, 1820) Hydromedusa maximiliani (Mikan, 1825) Dactyloidae Norops fuscoauratus (D’Orbigny, 1837 in Duméril and Bibron, 1837) Norops ortonii (Cope, 1868) Dactyloa punctata (Daudin, 1802) Gekkonidae Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) Gymnophtalmidae Alexandresaurus camacan Rodrigues et al., 2007 Matos et al. (2013) Leposoma sp. Leiosauridae Enyalius catenatus (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Mabuyidae Psychosaura macrorhyncha (Hoge, 1947) Phyllodactylidae Gymnodactylus darwinii (Gray, 1845) Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) Polychrotidae Polychrus acutirostris (Spix, 1825) Polychrus marmoratus (Linnaeus, 1758) Sphaerodactylidae Coleodactylus meridionalis (Boulenger, 1888) Taxon Source Teiidae Ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) Kentropix calcarata Spix, 1825 Salvator merianae (Duméril and Bibron, 1839) Tropiduridae Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825) Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Spix, 1825) Strobilurus torquatus Wiegmann, 1834 Boidae Boa constrictor Linnaeus, 1758 Epicrates assisi Machado, 1945 Colubridae Chironius exoletus (Linnaeus, 1758) Chironius fuscus (Linnaeus, 1758) Chironius foveatus (Bailey, 1955) Oxybelis aeneus (Wagler in Spix, 1824) Spilotes pullatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Spilotes sulphureus (Wagler in Spix, 1824) Tantilla melanocephala (Linnaeus, 1758) Dipsadidae Dipsas sazimai Fernandes, Marques & Argôlo, 2010 Dipsas variegata (Duméril et al., 1854) Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus (Wied-Neuwied, 1824) Erythrolamprus viridis (Günther, 1862) Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) Gymnophtalmidae Alexandresaurus camacan Rodrigues et al., 2007 Matos et al. (2013) Leposoma sp. Leiosauridae Enyalius catenatus (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Mabuyidae Psychosaura macrorhyncha (Hoge, 1947) Phyllodactylidae Gymnodactylus darwinii (Gray, 1845) Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) 256 Polychrotidae Marco Antonio de Freitas et al. Polychrus acutirostris (Spix, 1825) Polychrus marmoratus (Linnaeus, 1758) Table 1. Continued. Sphaerodactylidae Coleodactylus meridionalis (Boulenger, 1888) Taxon Source Teiidae Ameiva ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) Kentropix calcarata Spix, 1825 Salvator merianae (Duméril and Bibron, 1839) Tropiduridae Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825) Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Spix, 1825) Strobilurus torquatus Wiegmann, 1834 Boidae Boa constrictor Linnaeus, 1758 Epicrates assisi Machado, 1945 Colubridae Chironius exoletus (Linnaeus, 1758) Chironius fuscus (Linnaeus, 1758) Chironius foveatus (Bailey, 1955) Oxybelis aeneus (Wagler in Spix, 1824) Spilotes pullatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Spilotes sulphureus (Wagler in Spix, 1824) Tantilla melanocephala (Linnaeus, 1758) Dipsadidae Dipsas sazimai Fernandes, Marques & Argôlo, 2010 Dipsas variegata (Duméril et al., 1854) Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus (Wied-Neuwied, 1824) Erythrolamprus viridis (Günther, 1862) Erythrolamprus aesculapii (Linnaeus, 1766) Imantodes cenchoa (Linnaeus, 1758) Leptodeira annulata (Linnaeus, 1758) Oxyrhopus petolarius (Linnaeus, 1758) Oxyrhopus trigeminus Duméril et al., 1854 Phimophis guerini (Linnaeus, 1766) Philodryas olfersii (Liechtenstein, 1823) Philodryas nattereri (Steindachner, 1870) Pseudoboa nigra (Duméril et al., 1854) Sibynomorphus neuwiedi (Ihering, 1911) Thamnodynastes pallidus (Linnaeus, 1758) Elapidae Micrurus ibiboboca (Merrem, 1820) Leptotyphlopidae Trilepida salgueroi (Amaral, 1955) Typhlopidae Amerotyphlops brongersmianus (Vanzolini, 1976) Viperidae Bothrops bilineatus (Wied, 1821) Bothrops leucurus Wagler in Spix, 1824 Freitas & Silva (2011) Bothrops pirajai Amaral, 1923 Freitas et al. (2014) Crotalus durissus Linnaeus 1758 Lachesis muta (Linnaeus, 1766) Herpetofauna of the Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in Brazil 257

Table 2. Number of amphibian and reptile species found in Atlantic Rainforest areas in some northeastern Brazil localities. Table 2. Number of amphibian and reptile species found in Atlantic Rainforest areas in some northeastern Brazil localities.

Localities Amphibian Reptile Total Source richness richness richness Serra da Jibóia – Castro Alves, Elísio 55 59 114 Freitas et al. (2018) Medrado, Santa Terezinha, São Miguel das Matas and Varzedo, Bahia

Serra do Timbó – Amargosa and 55 54 109 This study Ubaíra, Bahia

RPPN Serra Bonita – Camacan, 80 - 80 Dias et al. (2014a) Bahia

APA of Lagoa Encantada and Rio 59 17 74 Dias et al. (2014b) Almada, Bahia

Porto Sul - Aritaguá – Ilhéus, Bahia 50 24 74 Hydros/Orienta/Derba (2011)

Terminal Portuário da Ponta da 47 26 73 Biodinâmica/ Bamin (2009) Tulha – Ilhéus, Bahia

Reserva Particular da Usina Porto 29 36 65 Queissada (2009) Rico – Campo Alegre, Alagoas

P.E. da Serra do Conduru – Uruçuca, 45 17 62 Pimenta et al. (2005); Argôlo Itacaré and Ilhéus, Bahia et al. (2005)

P. E. Dois Irmãos – Recife, 34 27 61 Melo et al. (2018) Pernambuco

Refúgio de Vida Silvestre Mata do 33 26 59 Morato et al. (2011) Junco – Capela, Sergipe

Mata do Buraquinho – João Pessoa, 14 37 51 Santana et al. (2008) Paraíba

Reserva Ecológica da Michelin – 48 - 48 Camurugi et al. (2010) Igrapiúna, Bahia

Municipality of Maceió – Alagoas 46 - 46 Almeida et al. (2016)

RPPN Estação Veracruz – Porto 39 - 39 Silvano and Pimenta (2003) Seguro, Bahia

Municipality of Murici – Alagoas 38 - 38 Almeida et al. (2016)

Municipality of Coruripe – Alagoas 35 - 35 Almeida et al. (2016)

Boca da Mata – Alagoas 32 - 32 Palmeira and Gonçalves (2015)

Projeto de Assentamento Zumbi dos 32 - 32 Silvano and Pimenta (2003) Palmares – Camamu, Bahia

Municipality of Rio Largo – Alagoas 31 - 31 Almeida et al. (2016)

Reserva Sapiranga - Mata de São 30 - 30 Bastazini et al. (2007) João, Bahia

RPPN Serra do Teimoso – Jussari, 24 - 24 Silvano and Pimenta (2003) Bahia

Tejipió – Recife, Pernambuco - 24 24 Oliveira et al. (2016)

Fazenda São João – Nilo Peçanha, 23 - 23 Silvano and Pimenta (2003) Bahia

Reserva Biológica de Una – Una, 19 - 19 Silvano and Pimenta (2003) Bahia

Fazenda Subaúma – Cairu, Bahia 18 - 18 Silvano and Pimenta (2003) 258 Marco Antonio de Freitas et al. treefrog Phasmahyla timbo, both classified as “Data Costa, H.C., Bérnils, R.S. (2018): Répteis do Brasil e suas Unidades Deficient” (DD). The latter is also only known to occur Federativas: Lista de espécies. Herpetologia Brasileira 7 (1): in the Serra do Timbó and in the Michelin Ecological 11–57. Cruz, C.A.G., Napoli, M.F., Fonseca, P.M. (2008): A new species Reserve, Igrapiúna Municipality (Camurugi et al., of Phasmahyla Cruz, 1990 (Anura: Hylidae) from the state of 2010) and is poorly known, with no information about Bahia, Brazil. South American Journal of Herpetology 3 (3): its natural history known (MMA, 2014). 187–195. This study provides a greater understanding of the Cruz, C.A.G., Napoli, M.F. (2010): A new species of smooth horned Serra do Timbó herpetofauna species composition. frog, genus Proceratophrys Miranda-Ribeiro (Amphibia: Anura: Serra do Timbó has a high abundance of reptiles and Cycloramphidae), from the Atlantic Rainforest of eastern Bahia, amphibians, ranging from undescribed to critically Brazil. Zootaxa 2660: 57–67. endangered species, whose habitats have been destroyed Dias, I.R., Medeiros, T.T., Nova, M.F.V., Solé, M. (2014a): Amphibians of Serra Bonita, southern Bahia: a new hotpoint over the years. Despite the notable environmental within Brazil’s Atlantic Forest hotspot. ZooKeys 449: 105– decline in the Serra do Timbó recently (in 2011), the 130. Conservation Unit “Refúgio da Vida Silvestre de Dias, I.R., de Mira-Mendes, C.V., Solé, M. (2014b): Rapid Amargosa” was created, covering approximately 13% inventory of herpetofauna at the APA (Environmental Protection of the municipality and located at Serra do Timbó, a Area) of the Lagoa Encantada and Rio Almada, Southern Bahia, result of the initiative and partnership between the non- Brazil. Herpetology Notes 7: 627–637. governmental organization (NGO) Centro Sapucaia and Dias, I.R., Haddad, C.F.B., Argôlo, A.J.S., Orrico, V.G.D. (2017): The 100th: an appealing new species of Dendropsophus Amargosa City Hall. The creation of this Conservation (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae) from northeastern Brazil. PloS one Unit is a fundamental step to protect natural environments 12 (3): 1–20. and ensure the preservation of the forest remnants and Dubois, A. (2017): The nomenclatural status of Hysaplesia, maintain adequate existence conditions for one of the Hylaplesia, Dendrobates and related nomina (Amphibia, richest biodiversities in Brazil, seriously threatened by Anura), with general comments on zoological nomenclature and human activities. its governance, as well as on taxonomic databases and websites. Bionomina 11 (1): 1–48. Acknowledgments. We are grateful to Márcia Neves and Raul Forlani, M.C., Bernardo, P.H., Haddad, C.F.B., Zaher, H. (2010): Lomanto from the Sapucaia NGO for financial and logistical Herpetofauna do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, São Paulo, support. We also thank Marcelo Napoli (UFBA) and Antônio Brasil. Biota Neotropica 10 (3): 266–309. Jorge Suzart Argôlo (UESC) for receiving part of the collected Freitas, M.A., Silva, T.F.S., Fonseca, P., Abreu, R. (2007): material and assisting in specimen identification. Specimens Geographic distribution. Cycloramphus migueli. 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Appendix Pristimantis paulodutrai (MZUFBA 6598, 7860, 7861, 9753, 9754); Pristimantis vinhai (MZUFBA 7991, 7992, Material examined. Acronyms correspond to the 7993, 7994, 7995, 10601); Proceratophrys schirchi collections where each copy is deposited: Museu de (MZUFBA 6427, 6443, 8491, 8492); Proceratophrys Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz sanctaritae (MZUFBA 7314, 8485, 8486, 8487, 8488, (MZUESC), Museu de Zoologia da Universidade 8489, 8490, 9525, 9526, 9527); Pseudopaludicola Federal da Bahia (MZUFBA), and Museu de Zoologia mystacalis (MZUFBA 4109, 4110); Rhinella crucifer da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP). (MZUFBA 6417, 8026, 8027, 8328, 8329, 8330); Amphibians: Amargosa: Adelophryne pachydactyla Rhinella granulosa (MZUFBA 6438); Scinax auratus (MZUFBA 6506, 6507, 6508, 6509); Agalychnis (MZUFBA 6481, 6487); Scinax eurydice (MZUFBA aspera (MZUFBA 7300, 7301, 7302); Aplastodiscus 7297, 8493); Scinax strigilatus (MZUFBA 7298, 7306, ibirapitanga (MZUFBA 6420, 6422); Boana 7308, 8021); Scinax x-signatus (MZUFBA 6602, 6603, albomarginata (MZUFBA 6421); Boana crepitans 6604, 6605, 6606, 6607, 6608, 6609); Vitreorana (MZUFBA 4112, 6414); Boana exastis (MZUFBA eurygnatha (MZUFBA 6601, 8494). 6413, 8327); Boana faber (MZUFBA 4431, 6409, Reptiles: Amargosa: Alexandresaurus camacan 8332); Boana pombali (MZUFBA 6411, 6412, (MZUFBA 3019, 3033, 3034); Amphisbaena alba 6426, 6632, 6633, 7509, 8331); Boana semilineata (MZUESC 6529); Enyalius catenatus (MZUESC 5584, (MZUFBA 10743); Bokermannohyla capra (MZUFBA MZUSP 96920); Leptodeira annulata (MZUESC 5586); 6415, 6425, 6437, 6444, 6465, 7483, 7484, 7485, 7486, Philodryas olfersii (MZUESC 5462, 6541); Spilotes 7487, 7488, 7489, 7490, 7491, 7492); Bokermannohyla pullatus (MZUESC 13718); Siphlophis compressus circumdata (MZUFBA 6466); Chiasmocleis schubarti (MZUESC 6796); Chironius foveatus (MZUESC 6528); (MZUFBA 7311); Cycloramphus migueli (MZUFBA Xenodon merremii (MZUESC 6540); Thamnodynastes 6456, 7312); Dendropsophus branneri (MZUFBA pallidus (MZUESC 5585); Bothrops bilineatus 6488, 6504); Dendropsophus elegans (MZUFBA (MZUESC 5587); Bothrops leucurus (MZUESC 6542). 4430, 6468); Dendropsophus oliveirai (MZUFBA Ubaíra: Bothrops pirajai (MZUESC 6762). 4111, 6479, 6503); “Eleutherodactylus” bilineatus (MZUFBA 6429, 6459, 6460, 6462, 6490, 8334, 9069); Frostius pernambucensis (MZUFBA 6428, 6461, 6467, 7305); Gastrotheca pulchra (MUZUFBA 6457); Gastrotheca recava (MZUFBA 6416); Haddadus binotatus (MZUFBA 6418, 6419, 6442, 6463, 6464, 8318); Ischnocnema verrucosa (MZUFBA 6436); Leptodactylus fuscus (MZUFBA 6439); Leptodactylus latrans (MZUFBA 6440); Leptodactylus vastus (MZUFBA 6441, 7310); Phasmahyla timbo (MZUFBA 6423, 6424, 6432, 6433, 6434, 6435, 6476, 6480, 7296, 7987, 7988, 8335); Phyllomedusa bahiana (MZUFBA 6410, 7303, 7304, 8333); Physalaemus gr. signifer (MZUFBA 7317, 7318, 7517, 7518, 7519, 7520);

Accepted by Martin Jansen