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Anuran Community of a Cocoa Agroecosystem in Southeastern Brazil
SALAMANDRA 51(3) 259–262 30 October 2015 CorrespondenceISSN 0036–3375 Correspondence Anuran community of a cocoa agroecosystem in southeastern Brazil Rogério L. Teixeira1,2, Rodrigo B. Ferreira1,3, Thiago Silva-Soares4, Marcio M. Mageski5, Weslei Pertel6, Dennis Rödder7, Eduardo Hoffman de Barros1 & Jan O. Engler7 1) Ello Ambiental, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 500, Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil, CEP 29700-010 2) Laboratorio de Ecologia de Populações e Conservação, Universidade Vila Velha. Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, Brasil. CEP 29102-920 3) Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica, Laboratório de Zoologia, Avenida José Ruschi, no 04, Centro, CEP 29.650-000, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil 4) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Dept. Vertebrados, Lab. de Herpetologia, Rio de Janeiro, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 5) Universidade Vila Velha, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Vila Velha, 29102-770, Espírito Santo, Brazil 6) Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos – IEMA, Rodovia BR 262, Cariacica, 29140-500, Espírito Santo, Brazil 7) Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Division of Herpetology, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany Correspondence: Rodrigo B. Ferreira, e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received: 21 July 2014 Accepted: 30 September 2014 by Stefan Lötters Brazil’s Atlantic Forest is considered a biodiversity ern Brazil. Fieldwork was carried out on approximately “hotspot” (Myers et al. 2000). Originally, this biome cov- 2,500 m² at the Fazenda José Pascoal (19°28’ S, 39°54’ W), ered ca. 1,350,000 km² along the east coast of Brazil (IBGE district of Regência, municipality of Linhares, state of Es- 1993). -
Herpetofauna of Serra Do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest Remnant in Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil
Herpetology Notes, volume 12: 245-260 (2019) (published online on 03 February 2019) Herpetofauna of Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in Bahia State, northeastern Brazil Marco Antonio de Freitas1, Thais Figueiredo Santos Silva2, Patrícia Mendes Fonseca3, Breno Hamdan4,5, Thiago Filadelfo6, and Arthur Diesel Abegg7,8,* Originally, the Atlantic Forest Phytogeographical The implications of such scarce knowledge on the Domain (AF) covered an estimated total area of conservation of AF biodiversity are unknown, but they 1,480,000 km2, comprising 17% of Brazil’s land area. are of great concern (Lima et al., 2015). However, only 160,000 km2 of AF still remains, the Historical data on deforestation show that 11% of equivalent to 12.5% of the original forest (SOS Mata AF was destroyed in only ten years, leading to a tragic Atlântica and INPE, 2014). Given the high degree of estimate that, if this rhythm is maintained, in fifty years threat towards this biome, concomitantly with its high deforestation will completely eliminate what is left of species richness and significant endemism, AF has AF outside parks and other categories of conservation been classified as one of twenty-five global biodiversity units (SOS Mata Atlântica, 2017). The future of the AF hotspots (e.g., Myers et al., 2000; Mittermeier et al., will depend on well-planned, large-scale conservation 2004). Our current knowledge of the AF’s ecological strategies that must be founded on quality information structure is based on only 0.01% of remaining forest. about its remnants to support informed decision- making processes (Kim and Byrne, 2006), including the investigations of faunal and floral richness and composition, creation of new protected areas, the planning of restoration projects and the management of natural resources. -
From a Cocoa Plantation in Southern Bahia, Brazil
NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 12 (1): 159-165 ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2016 Article No.: e151512 http://biozoojournals.ro/nwjz/index.html Diet of Dendropsophus branneri (Cochran, 1948) (Anura: Hylidae) from a cocoa plantation in southern Bahia, Brazil Indira Maria CASTRO1, Raoni REBOUÇAS1,2 and Mirco SOLÉ1,3,* 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km. 16, Salobrinho, CEP: 45662-900 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. 2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Animal), Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio Bárbara Weinberg, 29075-910 Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil. 3. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km. 16, Salobrinho, CEP: 45662-900 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil. *Corresponding author, M. Solé, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 11. June 2015 / Accepted: 18. September 2015 / Available online: 30. May 2016 / Printed: June 2016 Abstract. In this study we analyze the diet of a population of Dendropsophus branneri from a cocoa plantation in southern Bahia, Brazil. Frogs were captured monthly from August 2010 to July 2011. Stomach contents were retrieved through stomach-flushing and later identified to order level. Our results show that D. branneri feeds mainly on arthropds, such as Diptera, larval Lepidoptera and Araneae. Based on the identified food items and the low number of prey per stomach we conclude that the studied population of D. branneri uses a “sit and wait” strategy. We further conclude that stomach flushing can be successfully applied to frogs from a size of 14.4mm. Key words: trophic resources, stomach flushing, feeding habits, Hylidae, cabruca, Atlantic Rainforest. -
Amphibians of Santa Teresa, Brazil: the Hotspot Further Evaluated
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 857: 139–162 (2019)Amphibians of Santa Teresa, Brazil: the hotspot further evaluated 139 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.857.30302 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Amphibians of Santa Teresa, Brazil: the hotspot further evaluated Rodrigo Barbosa Ferreira1,2, Alexander Tamanini Mônico1,3, Emanuel Teixeira da Silva4,5, Fernanda Cristina Ferreira Lirio1, Cássio Zocca1,3, Marcio Marques Mageski1, João Filipe Riva Tonini6,7, Karen H. Beard2, Charles Duca1, Thiago Silva-Soares3 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas, Universidade Vila Velha, Campus Boa Vista, 29102-920, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil 2 Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA 3Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica/Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão, 29650-000, Santa Teresa, ES, Brazil 4 Laboratório de Herpetologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil 5 Centro de Estudos em Biologia, Centro Universitário de Caratinga, Avenida Niterói, s/n, Bairro Nossa Senhora das Graças, 35300-000, Caratinga, MG, Brazil 6 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA, USA 7 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA, USA Corresponding author: Rodrigo Barbosa Ferreira ([email protected]) Academic editor: A. Crottini | Received 4 October 2018 | Accepted 20 April 2019 | Published 25 June 2019 http://zoobank.org/1923497F-457B-43BA-A852-5B58BEB42CC1 Citation: Ferreira RB, Mônico AT, da Silva ET, Lirio FCF, Zocca C, Mageski MM, Tonini JFR, Beard KH, Duca C, Silva-Soares T (2019) Amphibians of Santa Teresa, Brazil: the hotspot further evaluated. -
Seasonal and Habitat Structure of an Anuran Assemblage in A
An Acad Bras Cienc (2020) 92(1): e20190458 DOI 10.1590/0001-3765202020190458 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências | Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences Printed ISSN 0001-3765 I Online ISSN 1678-2690 www.scielo.br/aabc | www.fb.com/aabcjournal BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Seasonal and habitat structure of an Running title: SEASONAL AND anuran assemblage in a semideciduous HABITAT STRUCTURE OF AN ANURAN ASSEMBLAGE forest area in Southeast Brazil Academy Section: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES ELVIS A. PEREIRA, MATHEUS O. NEVES, JOSÉ LUIZ M.M. SUGAI, RENATO N. FEIO & DIEGO J. SANTANA e20190458 Abstract: In this study, we evaluated the reproductive activity and the temporal and spatial distributions of anuran assemblages in three environments within a semideciduous forest in Southeast Brazil, located at Municipality of Barão de Monte Alto, 92 State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The fi eld activities were carried out during three consecutive (1) days, monthly throughout the rainy seasons of 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. We recorded 92(1) 28 anurans species, distributed in eight families. We observed the spatial-temporal distribution of some species, and their associated reproductive behaviors through exploration of vocalizations at different sites. The spatial and temporal distribution of the species seems to adapt to abiotic and biotic factors of their environment. Key words: Anuran community, community ecology, environmental heterogeneity, niche breadth, vocalization sites. INTRODUCTION community is defi ned as a group of organisms that coexist in a determined habitat and also Information about anuran habitat use and interact with one another and the surrounding reproductive ecology allows us to interpret environment (Begon et al. -
Série BIODIVERSIDADE
ANÁLISE DAS VARIAÇÕES DA BIODIVERSIDADE DO BIOMA CAATINGA Suporte a estratégias regionais de conservação 1 República Federativa do Brasil Presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Vice-Presidente José Alencar Gomes da Silva Ministério do Meio Ambiente Ministra Marina Silva Secretário-Executivo Cláudio Roberto Bertolo Langone Secretaria de Biodiversidade e Florestas Secretário João Paulo Ribeiro Capobianco Diretor do Programa Nacional de Conservação da Biodiversidade Paulo Kageyama Ministério do Meio Ambiente – MMA Centro de Informação e Documentação Luiz Eduardo Magalhães/ CID Ambiental Esplanada dos Ministérios – Bloco B - térreo 70068-900 Brasilia – DF Tel: 55 xx 61 317-1235 – Fax: 55 xx 61 224-5222 [email protected] http://www.mma.gov.br 2 Ministério do Meio Ambiente Secretaria de Biodiversidade e Florestas ANÁLISE DAS VARIAÇÕES DA BIODIVERSIDADE DO BIOMA CAATINGA Suporte a estratégias regionais de conservação Organizadores Francisca Soares de Araújo Maria Jesus Nogueira Rodal Maria Regina de Vasconcellos Barbosa Brasília - DF 2005 3 Gerente de Conservação da Biodiversidade Bráulio Ferreira de Souza Dias Gerente do Projeto de Conservação e Utilização Sustentável da Diversidade Biológica Brasileira - PROBIO Daniela América Suárez de Oliveira Equipe PROBIO Equipe técnica: Carlos Alberto Benfi ca Alvarez, Cilúlia Maria Maury, Cláudia Cavalcante Rocha Campos, Danielle Teixeira Tortato, Gláucia Jordão Zerbini, Júlio César Roma, Márcia Noura Paes, Rita de Cássia Condé Equipe Financeira: Arles Eduardo Noga, Danilo Pisani de Souza, Gisele de Silva, -
PLANO DE MANEJO DA RPPN LONTRA Fazenda Lontra/Saudade
CAPÍTULO I – CARACTERÍSTICAS GERAIS PARTE A PLANO DE MANEJO DA RPPN LONTRA ITANAGRA/ENTRE RIOS – BA REVISÃO ABRIL DE 2016 – VERSÃO FINAL. PLANO DE MANEJO DA RPPN LONTRA Fazenda Lontra/Saudade EQUIPE TÉCNICA Coordenação Técnica Coordenação Geral e Contratual Meio Físico e Sócio-Ambiental ADALTRO T. AZEVEDO JÚNIOR EDIVAL LOPES DA SILVA Eng° Agrônomo Geólogo M.Sc. em Geoquímica e Meio Ambiente Doutor em Geologia de Engenharia Esp. em Auditoria e Perícia Ambiental Especialista em Gestão Ambiental CREA/RS 106 345 CREA/SP 060 14.2226 0/D Meio Biótico - Flora Meio Biótico - Fauna CRISTIANE FREITAS GONÇALVES DANIEL ARAUJO SILVA M.Sc. Botânica Biólogo-fauna Bióloga-flora Esp. em Gestão Ambiental CRBio/28.561/5-D CRBio/46.329/5-D Ictiofauna PRISCILA CAMELIER DE ASSIS CARDOSO M.Sc. Bióloga CRBio 59.040/05-D Técnicos Auxiliares HUGO E. A. COELHO – Biólogo KARLA MATOS CORREIA DE ARAÚJO – Bióloga RAFAEL BORGER - Biólogo EDÉSIO F. OLIVEIRA JR. – Estudante (C. Biológicas) COPENER FLORESTAL LTDA. Representante da Direção (RD) JOÃO ZENAIDE – Engº. Agrônomo APRESENTAÇÃO A Copener Florestal Ltda tem a atribuição legal de instrumentalizar suas áreas em reservas particulares do patrimônio natural (RPPN) com um plano de manejo que irá servir de orientação para a implementação do manejo. Nesse sentido, a Nordeste Ambiental Ltda, empresa contratada na área de consultoria ambiental, apresenta o plano de manejo e o diagnóstico ambiental da área, com caracterização e análise da reserva, que fará parte do manejo específico RPPN Lontra. O presente plano foi elaborado obedecendo ainda, ao disposto no Decreto nº 4.340/2002, o Regulamento da Lei do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (SNUC), a chamada Lei do SNUC, e o roteiro metodológico para elaboração dos planos de manejo das reservas particulares do patrimônio natural como unidade de conservação – UC, sendo apresentadas as seguintes informações: a) diagnóstico; b) zoneamento; c) programas de manejo; d) prazos de avaliação, revisão e etapa de implementação. -
Chromosomal Analysis of Physalaemus Kroyeri and Physalaemus Cicada (Anura, Leptodactylidae)
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS SISTEMA DE BIBLIOTECAS DA UNICAMP REPOSITÓRIO DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTIFICA E INTELECTUAL DA UNICAMP Versão do arquivo anexado / Version of attached file: Versão do Editor / Published Version Mais informações no site da editora / Further information on publisher's website: https://compcytogen.pensoft.net/article/9319/ DOI: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i2.9319 Direitos autorais / Publisher's copyright statement: ©2016 by Pensoft. All rights reserved. DIRETORIA DE TRATAMENTO DA INFORMAÇÃO Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz Barão Geraldo CEP 13083-970 – Campinas SP Fone: (19) 3521-6493 http://www.repositorio.unicamp.br COMPARATIVE A peer-reviewed open-access journal CompCytogen 10(2):Chromosomal 311–323 (2016) analysis of Physalaemus kroyeri and Physalaemus cicada... 311 doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i2.9319 RESEARCH ARTICLE Cytogenetics http://compcytogen.pensoft.net International Journal of Plant & Animal Cytogenetics, Karyosystematics, and Molecular Systematics Chromosomal analysis of Physalaemus kroyeri and Physalaemus cicada (Anura, Leptodactylidae) Stenio Eder Vittorazzi1, Luciana Bolsoni Lourenço1, Mirco Solé2, Renato Gomes Faria3, Shirlei Maria Recco-Pimentel1 1 Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campi- nas, 13083-863 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil 2 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45662-000, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil 3 Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil Corresponding author: Shirlei Maria Recco-Pimentel ([email protected]) Academic editor: I. Kuznetcova | Received 25 May 2016 | Accepted 25 June 2016 | Published 8 July 2016 http://zoobank.org/B9B339C5-EB2C-4ED4-BE8E-1E5F1FA0405B Citation: Vittorazzi SE, Lourenço LB, Solé M, Faria RG, Recco-Pimentel SM (2016) Chromosomal analysis of Physalaemus kroyeri and Physalaemus cicada (Anura, Leptodactylidae). -
276530324.Pdf
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Cadernos Espinosanos (E-Journal) Phyllomedusa 18(2):269–275, 2019 © 2019 Universidade de São Paulo - ESALQ ISSN 1519-1397 (print) / ISSN 2316-9079 (online) doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p269-275 Short CommuniCation Interaction between ostracods and anurans: a review and new records in Brazil Matheus de Toledo Moroti,1 Edélcio Muscat,1 Mariana Pedrozo,2 Iberê Farina Machado,3 Leandro Talione Sabagh,4 and Diego José Santana2 1 Projeto Dacnis. Ubatuba e São Francisco Xavier, SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 Instituto de Biociências, Laboratório de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Cidade Universitária, 79070- 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. 3 Instituto Boitatá. Rua 121, QD F 42-A, LT 12, Nº 126, Loja 1, 74085-480, Setor Sul, Goiânia, GO, Brazil. 4 Departamento de Ecologia, Laboratório de Limnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Cidade Universitária, 21941- 902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Keywords: bromelicolous, bromeligenous Crustacea, natural history, phoresy. Palavras-chave: bromelícola, bromelígena Crustacea, foresia, história natural. Both ostracods and amphibians are able to life cycle (bromeligenous), whereas others colonize a wide variety of freshwater occupy phytotelmata, using them for shelter and environments (Balian et al. 2008, Martens et al. foraging places, but do not reproduce in them 2008, Ottonelo and Romano 2011). However, (bromelicolous) (Peixoto 1995). unlike amphibians, ostracods also are widely The microhabitats formed by the accumulation distributed in marine environments (Coimbra of water and debris in the bromeliads maintain and Bergue 2011). -
A Importância De Se Levar Em Conta a Lacuna Linneana No Planejamento De Conservação Dos Anfíbios No Brasil
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECOLOGIA E EVOLUÇÃO A IMPORTÂNCIA DE SE LEVAR EM CONTA A LACUNA LINNEANA NO PLANEJAMENTO DE CONSERVAÇÃO DOS ANFÍBIOS NO BRASIL MATEUS ATADEU MOREIRA Goiânia, Abril - 2015. TERMO DE CIÊNCIA E DE AUTORIZAÇÃO PARA DISPONIBILIZAR AS TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES ELETRÔNICAS (TEDE) NA BIBLIOTECA DIGITAL DA UFG Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor, autorizo a Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) a disponibilizar, gratuitamente, por meio da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD/UFG), sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o do- cumento conforme permissões assinaladas abaixo, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou down- load, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data. 1. Identificação do material bibliográfico: [x] Dissertação [ ] Tese 2. Identificação da Tese ou Dissertação Autor (a): Mateus Atadeu Moreira E-mail: ma- teus.atadeu@gm ail.com Seu e-mail pode ser disponibilizado na página? [x]Sim [ ] Não Vínculo empregatício do autor Bolsista Agência de fomento: CAPES Sigla: CAPES País: BRASIL UF: D CNPJ: 00889834/0001-08 F Título: A importância de se levar em conta a Lacuna Linneana no planejamento de conservação dos Anfíbios no Brasil Palavras-chave: Lacuna Linneana, Biodiversidade, Conservação, Anfíbios do Brasil, Priorização espacial Título em outra língua: The importance of taking into account the Linnean shortfall on Amphibian Conservation Planning Palavras-chave em outra língua: Linnean shortfall, Biodiversity, Conservation, Brazili- an Amphibians, Spatial Prioritization Área de concentração: Biologia da Conservação Data defesa: (dd/mm/aaaa) 28/04/2015 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Ecologia e Evolução Orientador (a): Daniel de Brito Cândido da Silva E-mail: [email protected] Co-orientador E-mail: *Necessita do CPF quando não constar no SisPG 3. -
Amphibian Conservation in the Caatinga Biome and Semiarid Region of Brazil
Herpetologica, 68(1), 2012, 31–47 E 2012 by The Herpetologists’ League, Inc. AMPHIBIAN CONSERVATION IN THE CAATINGA BIOME AND SEMIARID REGION OF BRAZIL 1,3 2 MILENA CAMARDELLI AND MARCELO F. NAPOLI 1Programa de Po´s-Graduac¸a˜o em Ecologia e Biomonitoramento, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Bara˜o de Jeremoabo, Campus Universita´rio de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil 2Museu de Zoologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Bara˜o de Jeremoabo, Campus Universita´rio de Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil ABSTRACT: The Brazilian Ministry of the Environment (Ministe´rio Do Meio Ambiente, MMA) proposed defining priority areas for Brazilian biodiversity conservation in 2007, but to date, no definitions of priority areas for amphibian conservation have been developed for the Caatinga biome or the semiarid region of Brazil. In this study, we searched for ‘‘hot spots’’ of amphibians in these two regions and assessed whether the priority areas established by the MMA coincided with those suitable for amphibian conservation. We determined amphibian hot spots by means of three estimates: areas of endemism, areas of high species richness, and areas with species that are threatened, rare, or have very limited distributions. We then assessed the degree of coincidence between amphibian hot spots and the priority areas of the MMA based on the current conservation units. We analyzed areas of endemism with the use of a parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) on quadrats. The Caatinga biome and semiarid region showed four and six areas of endemism, respectively, mainly associated with mountainous areas that are covered by isolated forests and positively correlated with species richness. -
Phylogenetic Analyses of Rates of Body Size Evolution Should Show
SSStttooonnnyyy BBBrrrooooookkk UUUnnniiivvveeerrrsssiiitttyyy The official electronic file of this thesis or dissertation is maintained by the University Libraries on behalf of The Graduate School at Stony Brook University. ©©© AAAllllll RRRiiiggghhhtttsss RRReeessseeerrrvvveeeddd bbbyyy AAAuuuttthhhooorrr... The origins of diversity in frog communities: phylogeny, morphology, performance, and dispersal A Dissertation Presented by Daniel Steven Moen to The Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University August 2012 Stony Brook University The Graduate School Daniel Steven Moen We, the dissertation committee for the above candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, hereby recommend acceptance of this dissertation. John J. Wiens – Dissertation Advisor Associate Professor, Ecology and Evolution Douglas J. Futuyma – Chairperson of Defense Distinguished Professor, Ecology and Evolution Stephan B. Munch – Ecology & Evolution Graduate Program Faculty Adjunct Associate Professor, Marine Sciences Research Center Duncan J. Irschick – Outside Committee Member Professor, Biology Department University of Massachusetts at Amherst This dissertation is accepted by the Graduate School Charles Taber Interim Dean of the Graduate School ii Abstract of the Dissertation The origins of diversity in frog communities: phylogeny, morphology, performance, and dispersal by Daniel Steven Moen Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University 2012 In this dissertation, I combine phylogenetics, comparative methods, and studies of morphology and ecological performance to understand the evolutionary and biogeographical factors that lead to the community structure we see today in frogs. In Chapter 1, I first summarize the conceptual background of the entire dissertation. In Chapter 2, I address the historical processes influencing body-size evolution in treefrogs by studying body-size diversification within Caribbean treefrogs (Hylidae: Osteopilus ).