Web 2.0 Students Adoption Model for Learning in Universities: a Case of Muni University, Uganda
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International Journal for e-Learning Security (IJeLS), Volume 9, Issue 1, 2020 Web 2.0 Students Adoption Model for Learning in Universities: A Case of Muni University, Uganda Phelix Businge Mbabazi1, Nicholas Nkamwesiga2, Ritah Nafuna3, Patricia Kyomugisha4 1, 2, 4 Kabale University, Ugandan 3Muni University, Ugandan Abstract The Web 2.0 is generally known as web in the area of information and communication technologies, tools, and software applications that technology (ICT). Specifically, in the last decade, the support collaborative effort to create and share data active trend in the prominence of social media tools [1]. Web 2.0 renders new teaching and learning has had a global impact on how people communicate technologies and can transform the way lecturers [4]. According to Mutula in [5] social media and students interact with each other and how platforms like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and students interact with others beyond four walls of the Google+ among others have shown potential to classroom. This study determined the students’ become necessary disruptive technologies for attitudes towards accepting the use of Web 2.0 building cutting-edge models of management Technologies for learning beyond the ordinary education. The higher education teaching and classroom. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and learning have benefited a lot from these technologies Use of Technology (UTAUT) model by Venkatesh et due to the demands from many stakeholders to al. [2] was employed in this study to determine the explore options available to enforce modern teaching strength of predictors for intention to accept and use and learning. Fleck in [6] argues that the application Web 2.0 tools for teaching and learning. of ICT has fostered developments in e-learning as a Questionnaires were administered to 100 students in support mechanism. the Faculty of Technoscience, Muni University. SPSS A good choice of educational-supporting tools to version 21 was used in data analysis. The results be integrated into classroom instruction helps to were presented in form of Tables, charts and means, create engaging learners [7]. Web 2.0 technologies percentages. P-values were used to predict the are offering educators new teaching and learning factors for the adoption of Web 2.0 in the process of tools which can change the way lecturers and teaching and learning in higher education. The students interact with each other within and beyond results confirm several relationships in the UTAUT four walls of the classroom. model as proposed by Venkatesh et al. [2] in The ICT adoption is key strategy in transforming predicting the behavioral Intention to use Web 2.0 University by integrating ICT in all the University for learning. The model shows that students’ functions [8], Muni University introduced the use of behavioral intention to use Web 2.0 depends on Moodle e-learning platform to facilitate teaching performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social which supplemented by Amazon Kindle e-book influence and facilitating conditions. The study also readers and pre-loaded them with the relevant showed that students use YouTube, Facebook and electronic learning materials, there is free access to Google Apps but not LinkedIn, Social Bookmarking, Internet to all staff and students and every student is Moodle, Zoom, Edx, MIT Courseware, and Dropbox expected to own a mobile device to help access the among others. E-learning platform. Given the about innovations, Muni University has not yet implemented the use of Keywords: Web 2.0, Students, Adoption Model, web 2.0 in learning process is in better position to Universities, Muni University, Uganda implement the use of Web 2.0 in learning beyond the Four wall classroom. Therefore, this study explored the intention of students to use web 2.0 applications 1. Introduction in the learning process by predicting the student’s attitudes towards accepting to use web 2.0 tools in Administrators of educational institutions have the teaching and learning process beyond four walls been aiming at providing quality education to their of the classroom using UTAUT model. learners [3]. Meeting the learning needs requires The study looked at the awareness and usage of diligent work and continuous perseverance. In the the web 2.0 tools like Blogs, Wikis, Social current times, lecturers who use evolutionary tools Networking, Social Bookmarking, Podcast, Instant and technologies in the process of teaching and messaging, Google docs, and Video Chat, etc. It also learning could be able to spell a difference on the looked student’s intention to use Web 2.0 tools for way teaching and learning get facilitated. Over the Learning beyond the four walls of the classroom by past three (3) decades, rapid evolution has happened adopting UTAUT model [2]. This study took place at Copyright © 2020, Infonomics Society 624 International Journal for e-Learning Security (IJeLS), Volume 9, Issue 1, 2020 Muni University located in West Nile, Arua District, research on user acceptance, educators and students’ Uganda from August 2018 to July 2019. awareness of its usefulness are still calling for further research [13]. Thus, there is a knowledge gap 2. Web 2.0 regarding the factors that influence the increased use of web 2.0 tools, as a platform for facilitating The Web 2.0 is described as web technologies, learning in higher institutions of education. tools, and software applications that support As part of the study, a literature review was collective efforts to create and disseminate contents carried out and a number of widely referenced [1]. Alternatively, it is known as the “read/write technology acceptance models that other researchers Web” because it is the 2nd generation of the web have been using over time to test technology technology that enable users to read and also write acceptance were revealed as shown follows: content to the internet, thus providing them interactive features and services to manipulate (edit, 3. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) share and delete) information they produce on the internet. Examples of these tools include instant Ajzen [14] proposed a model, shown in Figure 1, messaging, Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, E-mail, which measures what guides how human actions. It Wikis, Blogs, LinkedIn, Google Maps, Podcast, predicts the occurrence of a particular and intentional Instant messaging, Social bookmarking, behavior. The theory of planned behavior is a theory Moblogging, Vlogging or Video blogging, Flickr [8, which predicts deliberate behavior because behavior 1]. can be deliberative and planned. So, the three It is vital to understand the importance of web 2.0 constructs can predict whether a person intends to do technologies such as instant messaging, google apps, something that needs to be known: social bookmarking, social networking sites, blogs, wikis, podcasts, discussion forums and others. • Whether the person is in favor of doing it According to Redecker et al. in [9] as cited in [1], the (‘attitude’). development of web 2.0 technologies has unlocked doors for effective and efficient learning practices. • How much the person feels social pressure to do Effective use of these tools improves the quality it (‘subjective norm’). learning, learner-centered and lifelong learning. While Okello [10] noted in his finding that web 2.0 • Whether the person feels in control of the action tools are used for: collaboration with fellow scholars, in question (‘perceived behavioral control’) the engagement of students’ learning; social networking with students on academic matters, just for social networking among students; creating learning/training materials for students; sharing learning materials with learners; providing online and distance learning; online meeting among lecturers for the course; making classroom announcements to students; providing platform for sharing research findings; students assessment and submission of assignments; used as a platform for intelligence gathering of what students are thinking about lecturers; private business not related to teaching. Additionally, Teresita in [3] categorized Figure 1. Theory of Planned Behavior [14] the usage of web 2.0 as in enabling you to Participate, Share, Collaborate, Contribute, and Create content which summaries the findings of Okello [10]. Successful adoption which would involve planning, support, development and implementation of Web 2.0 technologies for learning requires support from all stakeholders of a learning environment, that is institutions, staff and students [11]. For implementation strategies to be successful, Figure 2. Technology acceptance model (TAM) [15] items like trainings, opportunities for discussions among facilitators, guidelines for assessment or Technology acceptance model (TAM) by Davis content authoring, rating and anonymity have to be [15], shown in Figure 2, posited that perceived put into consideration [12]. Regardless of the studies usefulness and perceived ease of use determine an so far carried out on the implementation strategies, individual's intention to use a system with intention Copyright © 2020, Infonomics Society 625 International Journal for e-Learning Security (IJeLS), Volume 9, Issue 1, 2020 to use serving as a mediator of actual system use. moderate the influence on behavioral intention by Perceived usefulness is also seen as being directly gender and age. impacted by perceived ease of use. Attempts to extend TAM have generally taken one of three ii. Effort expectancy: “The degree of ease associated approaches: by introducing