Andrzej Kątny (Przewodniczący/Vorsitzender), Grażyna Łopuszańska Mirosław Ossowski, Jan Sikora (Sekretarz/Sekretär), Marian Szczodrowski

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Andrzej Kątny (Przewodniczący/Vorsitzender), Grażyna Łopuszańska Mirosław Ossowski, Jan Sikora (Sekretarz/Sekretär), Marian Szczodrowski Komitet redakcyjny/Redaktionsbeirat Hans Wolf Jäger, Marek Jaroszewski, Andrzej Kątny (przewodniczący/Vorsitzender), Grażyna Łopuszańska Mirosław Ossowski, Jan Sikora (sekretarz/Sekretär), Marian Szczodrowski Redaktor tomu/Herausgeber Andrzej Kątny Recenzenci/Rezensenten Prof. dr hab. Marion Brandt, prof. dr hab. Włodzimierz Zientara Anschrift der Redaktion: Prof. Dr. Andrzej Kątny Instytut Filologii Germańskiej ul. Wita Stwosza 55 Pl – 80952 Gdańsk email: [email protected] Skład i łamanie Marek Smoliński Wydanie publikacji sfinasowano ze środków Fundacji im. J.G. Herdera w Gdańsku, Wydziału Filologiczno-Historycznego i Prorektora ds. Nauki Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego Copyright by Instytut Filologii Germańskiej Uniwersytet Gdański, 2007 ISSN 1230–6045 ISBN Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego 81–824 Sopot, ul. Armii Krajowej 119/121, tel./fax (058) 550–91–37 http://wyd.bg.univ.gda.pl; e-mail: [email protected] Inhaltsverzeichnis KUltUR IN DANzIG UND GdańSK Im WANDel DeR zeIt Willi Drost, Die kulturellen Beziehungen zwischen den Niederlanden und Danzig . 11 liliana Górska, Funeralkultur in Danzig. Vom frühneuzeitlichen Übergang ins Jenseits . 17 ewelina Damps, Das hundertjährige Jubiläum des Stadttheaters am Kohlenmarkt in Danzig im Jahre 1901 ............................... 33 Peter Oliver loew, Willibald Omankowski als Prosaschriftsteller . 47 Jan Sikora, Sprechhandlungen in der Publizistik der Freien Stadt Danzig bei der sprachlichen Schilderung von Juden aus kontrastiven Sicht . 53 Willi Drost, Eine Wanderung durch das Danziger Stadtmuseum (Rundfunvortrag gehalten in Danzig am 9. Juli 1934 ) . 75 Willi Drost, Kurzer Bericht über Die Denkmalpflege in Danzig 1933–1936 .............................................. 83 ewa Jarosz-Sienkiewicz, Kindermotive in der frühen Lyrik von Günter Grass . 87 ewa Jarosz-Sienkiewicz, Christliche Motive in der frühen Lyrik von Günter Grass . 95 ewelina Kamińska, Ein Haus in Danzig Schidlitz – ein stummer Zeitzeuge von Gestern und Heute ............................................ 105 lucyna Wille, Der Roman Beim Häuten der zwiebel von Günter Grass als Beitrag zur Debatte über des Status autobiographischer Prosa .......................................... 113 Godehard Schramm, Zwischen den drei unvergesslichen Herbsttagen in Danzig (Oktober 2003) .......................................... 123 mISzelleN Friedrich-Wilhelm von Oppeln-Bronikowski, Schloss Sorquitten im Kreis Sensburg in Ostpreußen........................................... 137 6 Inhaltsverzeichnis monika Wolting, Weibliche Gestalten im Pariser Exil am Beispiel ausgewählter Texte von Undine Gruenter......................................... 143 magdalena Rozenberg, Ästhetik und Fremdsprachenunterricht . 153 Iwona legutko-marszałek, Die Unterscheidung zwischen Bedeutungen und Begriffen in Anbetracht des Bilingualismus . 163 BeRICHte UND RezeNSIONeN Tożsamość i odrębność w Zjednoczonej Europie (II). Motyw podróży w literaturze anglo- i niemieckojęzycznej. Wissenschaftliche Konferenz an der Wszechnica mazurska in Olecko (Aleksandra Chylewska-tölle) .................... 171 Peter Oliver loew, Gdańsk literacki (1793-1945). Wydawnictwo mestwin: Gdańsk 2005 (marion Brandt) . 173 Willibald Omankowski / Omansen, Danzig zur Nacht – Gdańsk nocą. Gedichte – Wiersze. Ausgewählt und herausgegeben von Andrzej Kątny, Jens Stüben. Wrocław: Atut, Dresden: Neisse 2007 (Paweł Bąk) . 176 Anna Pieczyńska-Sulik, Idiolektale Figurencharakteristik als Übersetzungsproblem. Am Beispiel der Unkenrufe von Günter Grass. Frankfurt/m.: Peter lang 2005 (Agnieszka Haas) . 181 marion Brandt (Hrsg.): Grensüberschreitungen. Deutsche, Polen und Juden zwischen den Kulturen (1918-1939). münchen: martin meidenbauer Verlagsbuchhandlung 2006 (mirosław Ossowski) . 186 Jens Stüben (Hg.): Ostpreußen – Danzig. Eine historische Literaturlandschaft. münchen: R. Oldenbourg Verlag 2007 (ewelina Kamińska).............. 188 marek Jaroszewski, Życie i twórczość E.T.A. Hoffmanna 1776–1822. Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego 2006 (Agnieszka Haas).......... 191 Katarzyna Śliwińska, Sozialistischer Realismus in der DDR und Polen. Doktrin und normative Ästhetik im Vergleich. Dresden 2005 (marion Brandt) ................................................. 197 małgorzta Grabowska, Musik und Musiker im Werk Peter Härtlings. Wrocław: Atut, Dresden: Neisse 2006 (mirosław Ossowski) .............. 201 Yongkil Cho, Grammatik der Höflichkeit im Sprachvergleich. Direktive Handlungsspiele des Bittens, Aufforderns und Anweisens im Deutschen und Koreanischen. tübingen: Niemeyer 2005 (Waldemar Czachur)........ 202 Inhaltsverzeichnis 7 Sławomir Augusiewicz, Janusz Jasiński, Tadeusz Oracki: Wy bitni Polacy w Królewcu. XVI–XX wiek. [Die hervorragenden Polen in Königsberg. 16.–20. Jh.]. Olsztyn: Littera 2005. 352 S. Abb. 207 Andrzej Kątny (Hrsg.): Słowiańsko-niesłowiańskie kontakty językowe. Slawisch-nichtslawische Sprachkontakte. Materiały z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej zorganizowanej przez Wydział Filologii Wszechnicy Mazurskiej i Instytut Filologii Germańskiej Uniwersy tetu Gdańskiego w dniach 27–28 czerwca 2005 r. Olecko: Wszechnica Mazurska 2007. 278 S. (ewa Żebrowska)................................................. 216 Rüdiger Ahrens (Hg.): Europäische Sprachenpolitik. European Language Policy. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter 2003 (Andrzej Kątny)....... 209 Danziger Beiträge zur Germanistik . 221 Kultur in Danzig und Gdańsk im Wandel der zeit studia germanica gedanensia gdańsk 2007, nr. 15 †Willi Drost Die kulturellen Beziehungen zwischen den Niederlanden und Danzig Rundfunkvortrag gehalten am 30. Juni 1938 in Danzig1 Die kulturellen Beziehungen zwischen Danzig und den Niederlanden sind überaus eng. Das hängt vor allem mit dem Menschenschlag zusammen, der im Großen und Ganzen niederdeutschen Charakters ist, ein tüchtiger, zu Freiheit und Unabhängigkeit neigender Schlag. Das hängt auch mit den geo- graphischen Bedingungen zusammen, Flachland, Dünen und Werder, Polder, See, die ein ähnliches Klima im Gefolge haben, und schließlich mit den Han- delsbeziehungen, dem geistigen kulturellen Austausch, der sich mit wech- selnder Stärke durch sechs Jahrhunderte hindurchgezogen hat. Danzigs Kultur ist eine typische Stadtkultur, ebenso wie die der mächti- gen flandrischen Städte des Mittelalters. Das erregt besonders heute unser Staunen, in der Zeit der großen staatlichen Zusammenfassung, auf wie en- gem Raum, in welchem geringen Umkreis hinter den Stadtmauern sich eine Kulturblüte entwickelt hat, die wir noch heute bestaunen. Von den Stadt- staaten Griechenlands, den unzähligen selbstständigen Städten Italiens mit Florenz, Siena, dem großartigen Venedig bis hin zu Brügge, Gent, Ypern in den Niederlanden und bei uns im Norden Lübeck, Wismar, Stralsund, Dan- zig. Kultur wächst im übersehbaren Raum, in dem alle Menschen in tüchtiger Arbeit und gemeinsamem geistigen Austausch leben. Nicht zu Unrecht hat Plato in seiner Staatsutopie eine Höchstgrenze von wenigen Tausenden für jede Stadt vorgesehen. Solche Gemeinden von selbstständigen, relativ freien, überaus willens- und tatkräftigen Menschen waren es, die im 14. Jahrhun- dert sich zu der großen Interessensgemeinschaft der Hansa anschlossen. In ihrer oligarchisch-aristokratischen Verfassung sind sie einander alle ähnlich. Danzig wie Venedig wie Amsterdam oder Brügge. 1 Transkribiert und redigiert von Wolfgang Drost. Das Manuskript befindet sich auf den Seiten S. 210–220 in dem ersten Band mit den Manuskripten meines Vaters. 12 Willi Drost Sie werden alle, meine Hörer, von Dirschau kommend, nachdem sie lange, verhältnismäßig öde Strecken durchquert haben, von dem Anblick gefesselt gewesen sein, wenn zwischen Höhe und Niederung plötzlich die Türme Dan- zigs auftauchen, ein Sinnbild der auf einem engen, scharf umgrenzten Raum gesammelten Energie, des Stolzes und der Macht eines Gemeinwesens. Auf den ältesten niederländischen Gemälden, z.B. auf dem Genter Altar ist solch ein Anblick verherrlicht, der ebenso für die niederländischen Städte gilt. Hinter niedrigen Wiesenhügeln erscheint dichtgedrängt eine aufsprießende Mannigfaltigkeit von Mauern und Türmen. Die Beziehungen zwischen Danzig und den Niederlanden sind nicht zu- fälliger oder besonders auffallender Art. Sie sind natürlich und unter den damaligen Verhältnissen gegeben. Freie, kühne Küstenstädte an Nord- und 0stsee, verbunden durch ähnliche Art und gemeinsame Interessen, schlos- sen sich zusammen. Der sichtbare Ausdruck ihrer Kultur mußte bei der ste- ten Berührung und dem Austausch ein ähnlicher werden. Eigentümlich und sehr aufschlußreich ist das Verhältnis zu der zentralen Reichsgewalt, sowohl im späteren Mittelalter als auch im 16./17. Jahrhundert. Die zentrale Macht einer Staatsregierung ist schwach. In Deutschland bröckelt gewissermaßen der Norden ab und vermag es, ein besonderes Band zwischen den Städten des Nordsee-Ostsee-Raums zu schlingen. Brügge und Antwerpen, Stockholm und Kopenhagen, schließlich Riga und Nowgorod liegen nun näher als die alten Städte der Mitte des Reichs, Frankfurt oder Nürnberg. Das war so zur Blütezeit der Hansa und so im 17. Jahrhundert, als die Religionskriege Deutschland zerfleischten. In dem Augenblick, wo das Reich erstarkte, da zog es diese allzu selbständig ihren Beziehungskreis suchenden äußersten Glieder seines Körpers wieder an sich heran. Die große Zeit dieser Randstädte und Staaten ist dann vorüber. Für das Mittelalter ist das sichtbarste Zeichen unserer Beziehungen zu den Niederlanden die Marienkirche. Diese dreischiffige Basilika mit dem mächti-
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