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Penataan Wilayah Pada Masa Kerajaan Sunda
Penataan Wilayah pada Masa Kerajaan Sunda Agus Aris Munandar Keywords: history, archaeology, Hindu-Buddhist, Kingdom of Sunda, West Java How to Cite: Munandar, A.A. Penataan Wilayah pada Masa Kerajaan Sunda. Berkala Arkeologi, 14(2), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.30883/jba.v14i2.706 Berkala Arkeologi https://berkalaarkeologi.kemdikbud.go.id/ Volume 14 No. 2, 1994, 95-105 DOI: 10.30883/jba.v14i2.706 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. PENATAAN WILAYAH PADA MASA KERAJAAN SUNDA Agus Aris Munandar (Jurusan Arkeolog, FSUI) terlihat dalam periode Singhasan dan Ma1apah1t 1. KeraJ aan Sunda adalah salah satu kera yang jelas disebutkan dalam prasast, dan k1tab Jaan dalam masa Hindu-Buddha yang terletak di Nagarakrtagama bahwa kedua keraJaan terse Jawa Barat. Tidak seperti sejarah kerajaan-kera but mempunyai berbagai negara daerah Namun Jaan lamnya yang pernah tumbuh dan berkem bagaimana halnya dengan Kerajaan Sunda bang dt Pulau Jawa (Mataram, Kadiri, Singhasa apakah juga memiliki negara-negara daerah n, MaJapahit), seJarah Kerajaan Sunda masth be masih belum diketahui secara past1. Hal lam lum banyak diungk.apkan oleh para ahl1. Hal ini yang patut diperhat,kan penataan wilayah yang disebabkan karena sumber sejarah yang berken pastinya telah dikenal dalam masa 1tu, penataan aan dengan perkembangan kerajaan tersebut wilayah Kerajaan Sunda hingga saat ini masih sangat terbatas, peninggalan-peninggala ��ya belum juga diperhattkan oleh para ahli; untuk ,tu pun tidak terlalu banyak, kalaupun ada JeJak kajian ini berusaha mengungkapkan penataan se1arah itu sudah sangat rusak. Walaupun w1layah kerajaan tersebut se1auh data yang dem1kian para ahli sejarah dan arkeologi tentu tersedia hingga kini nya masih berharap bahwa di kemudian hari akan ditemukan lag, sumber sejarah baru yang dapat membantu mengungkapkan seJarah Kera 2. -
Discovering the 'Language' and the 'Literature' of West Java
Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 34, No.1, June 1996 Discovering the 'Language' and the 'Literature' of West Java: An Introduction to the Formation of Sundanese Writing in 19th Century West Java* Mikihira MaRlYAMA** I The 'Language' Discovering the 'Language' An ethnicity (een volk) is defined by a language.i) This idea had come to be generally accepted in the Dutch East Indies at the beginning of the twentieth century. The prominent Sundanese scholar, Raden Memed Sastrahadiprawira, expressed it, probably in the 1920s, as follows: Basa teh anoe djadi loeloegoe, pangtetelana djeung pangdjembarna tina sagala tanda-tanda noe ngabedakeun bangsa pada bangsa. Lamoen sipatna roepa-roepa basa tea leungit, bedana bakat-bakatna kabangsaan oge moesna. Lamoen ras kabangsaanana soewoeng, basana eta bangsa tea oge lila-lila leungit. [Sastrahadiprawira in Deenik n. y.: 2] [The language forms a norm: the most evident and the most comprehensive symbols (notions) to distinguish one ethnic group from another. If the characteristics of a language disappear, the distinguishing features of an ethnicity will fade away as well. If an ethnicity no longer exists, the language of the ethnic group will also disappear in due course of time.] There is a third element involved: culture. Here too, Dutch assumptions exerted a great influence upon the thinking of the growing group of Sundanese intellectuals: a It occurred to me that I wanted to be a scholar when I first met the late Prof. Kenji Tsuchiya in 1980. It is he who stimulated me to write about the formation of Sundano logy in a letter from Jakarta in 1985. -
ISLAMISASI DI TATAR SUNDA Era Kerajaan Sukapura
ISLAMISASI DI TATAR SUNDA Era kerajaan Sukapura Islamisasi di Tatar Sunda ___ i ISLAMISASI DI TATAR SUNDA Era kerajaan Sukapura Penulis: Prof. Dr. Sulasman Dr. Ruhiyat Agus Wirabudiman, MA Abud Syehabudin, M.Pd Dr. Acep Aripudin Editor: Ahmad Yunani, S.Ag., M.Hum. Cetakan I, 2017 14,8 x 21 cm vi + 287 hal. Desain dan Layout: Buya Samuray Diterbitkan oleh: Puslitbang Lektur, Khazanah Keagamaan, dan Manajemen Organisasi Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama RI Tahun 2017 Copyraight @2017 All Rights Reserved ii ___ Islamisasi di Tatar Sunda Pengantar enyelesaian penulisan hasil penelitian sejarah Islamisasi masa Kerajaan Sukapura merupakan langkah tepat, tepat P sasaran (targetting) dan momentum mengenai pelurusan sejarah yang selama ini masih terkesan mengambang. Puslitbang Lektur, Khazanah Keagamaan, dan Manajemen Organisasi Balit- bang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama RI sebagai institusi yang memfasilitasi program penulisan sejarah Nusantara telah berperan dalam melaksanakan misinya dalam memelihara dan mengembangakan khazanah budaya Nusantara. Ada beberapa urgensi penulisan sejarah Sukapura dilihat dari sudut pandang, berikut: pertama, kekayaan warisan budaya di Nusantara, ter- masuk wilayah Sukapura belum diungkap secara baik dan benar, sehingga belum dipublikasikan dan belum diketahui luas oleh masyarakat Nusantara, masyarakat Sunda sekitar Priangan Timur pada khususnya. Kedua, belum adanya tulisan memadai tentang Islamisasi masa Kerajaan Sukapura yang akan menjadi pijakan dan pelurusan sejarah pembangunan di Tatar Sukapura. Perdebatan tentang Islamisasi di Sukapura, lahirnya Sukapura, dan atau Islamisasi di Tatar Sunda ___ iii Tasikmalaya, menjadi contoh bagaimana sejarah sangat menen- tukan terhadap jalannya roda pembangunan karena menjadi landasan fundamental filosofi perjalanan manusia. Ketiga, ada- nya tugas moral untuk ikut serta dalam upaya pencerdasan masyarakat dan bangsa melalui penyadaran terhadap jati diri bangsa. -
Textiles in Old-Sundanese Texts Aditia Gunawan
Textiles in Old-Sundanese Texts Aditia Gunawan To cite this version: Aditia Gunawan. Textiles in Old-Sundanese Texts. Archipel, Association Archipel/Éditions de la FMSH, 2019, 98, pp.71-107. 10.4000/archipel.1332. hal-02514162 HAL Id: hal-02514162 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02514162 Submitted on 24 Mar 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ÉTUDES ADITIA GUNAWAN 1 Textiles in Old-Sundanese Texts Introduction1 Once upon a time Dayang Sumbi was having a wonderful time weaving. Her taropong, that is, a bamboo tool for rolling yarn, fell from her hands. So frail was she that she joked: if a woman would pick up that taropong for her, she would make her her sister, and if a man would do so, she would surely make him her husband. Si Tumang, her loyal dog, heard that promise. With enthusiasm he picked up the taropong, presenting it to Dayang Sumbi while sitting in front of her and staring at her intently. Dayang Sumbi regretted her words. But the oath could not be unsaid. Dayang Sumbi finally married Tumang and they had a son, Sang Kuriang. -
The History of Education in West Java, Indonesia: from Traditional Era Toward Modern Era
EDUCARE: International Journal for Educational Studies, 1(2) 2009 The History of Education in West Java, Indonesia: From Traditional Era toward Modern Era Andi Suwirta ABSTRACT: The history of education in West Java, Indonesia has been so long. If it is begun with informal education in family life, then its history can be started since people have been familiar with family life, a period of time that has never ended its beginning (time of immemorial) and its ending. Meanwhile, non-formal education is acquired from social interaction between an individual and another, between an individual and his community, and between a community and its surrounding community. The true formal education was gained since Sundanese people in West Java interacted with the great tradition, from the religion and civilization of Hinduism- Buddhist, Islam and Western. These three waves of civilization had influenced our national life, from old times up to recent times, included education sector. This paper, however, tried to discuss the history of education in West Java, its growth and development which had been existed since its earliest time – as long as the existing sources were possible – until the latest education development. Therefore, this paper tried to study the history of education in West Java, starting from Hinduism-Buddhist, Islam, Dutch and Japanese colonial, national independence and up to this recent development period. KEY WORDS: history of education, West Java, Sundanese people and three waves of civilization in Indonesia. Introduction Neleng neng kung, neleng neng kung. Geura gede geura jangkung, geura sakola ka Bandung, geura makayakeun indung (Kunto, 1986:153). -
SPAFA Digest 1987, Vol 8, No 1
3 DERMAYU BATIKS A SURVIVING ART IN AN ANCIENT TRADING TOWN by Paramita Rahayu ABDURACHMAN INTRODUCTION were traders like "Parsees, Arabs, Gujaratees, Malays and In the eastern corner of West Java, where the Cimanuk other nationalities, there being many Moors among them" .River pushes its way into the Java Sea, leaving its In another part of the book, Pires says that: sediment to form an estuary in the course of time, a "The port of Chi Manuk is the sixth port. This is not river-harbour village called Dermayu came into existence. a port in which junks can anchor, but only at the It was to play a small but recognizable role in the trade harbour bar, so they say; others say "yes". Many of textiles and other merchandise. Its location near the sea Moors live here. The captain is a heathen. It belongs and on the river made it important for both the coastal and to the king of Sunda. inland trade. It thus served as an entrepot for the goods that The end of the kingdom is here. Chi Manuk has were carried by vessels upstream or by bullock-carts and good trade. Java also trades with it. It has a good other means of conveyance into the interior. The road led large town". southwards via other small villages, clustered near the It is obvious that a number of political and social changes harbour, on the West side of the river. They had come had taken place between the end of the 14th century and into existence in the same period as the harbour-village, 1512. -
Sundanese Manuscripts : Their Existence, Functions, and Contents
史資料ハブ/アジアにおける在地固有文書解題 Sundanese Manuscripts : Their Existence, Functions, and Contents Edi S. EKADJATI (Visiting Professor at ILCAA, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies) (Professor at Padjadjaran University, INDONESIA) In Indonesia two forms of writing tradition exist, namely inscriptions and manu- scripts. The former were written on stone and metal, while the latter on palm leaf, bam- boo, and paper. The texts of inscriptions are generally brief containing only of a small number of lines stating a royal decree or announcement, or commemorating of a royal or religious event, while the texts of the manuscripts are usually lengthy, even numbering to thousands of pages containing a variety of expressions, thoughts, experiences, and ac- counts. Some regions in Indonesia have produced manuscripts, but others have only oral traditions. Tanah Sunda or West Java (see: maps) has produced both of the traditions. Inscriptions began to be made in mid-5th century (Vogel, 1925; Poerbatjaraka, 1952), while the time of the beginning of written manuscripts is still unknown. The main reason for this is the different materials used. Inscriptions are made on such materials as stone or metal which are more resistant to decay and weather, while manuscripts are made on leaves which are vulnerable. According to written sources of the 16th century (Atja, 1968; Atja & Saleh Danasasmita, 1981, Noorduyn, 1971), the tradition of writing manuscripts in Tanah Sunda had existed long before the 16th century, dating as far back as the times of the Kingdoms of Sunda and Galuh (8th century). Nevertheless, on the basis of the date stated in the texts, the oldest extant Sundanese manuscript dates back to the 14th century (Krom, 1915), and the writing of Sundanese manuscripts continued to be done until the end of the 20th century. -
Narrating Knowledge Reflections on the Encyclopedie Impulse in Literary Texts from Indonesian and Malay Worlds
TONY DAY and WILL DERKS Narrating Knowledge Reflections on the Encyclopedie Impulse in Literary Texts from Indonesian and Malay Worlds These days if you want to consult the first volume of Diderot and d'Alembert's Encyclopedie, just click on http://tuna.uchicago.edu/ homes/mark/ ENC DEMO/. Soon a facsimile of the entire first edition of one of the world's most famous encyclopedias will be available for casual reading or detailed searching at this URL. Created by the Project for American and French research on the Treasury of the French Language, the web page presents the internet user with a contemporary oxymoron: one of the most famous com- pendia of Enlightenment 'knowledge' presented as but a speek, a single glis- tening star, in the cosmos of 'information' which is the World Wide Web. If 'knowledge' is information which has been acquired, organized, and under- stood according to certain principles of selection and organization, including those of the 'encyclopedia', 'information' is the raw data, the 'statement' of facts' (SOED 1965:1003), out of which knowledge is constructed. The Internet is the medium par excellence of the information age, an ever expanding, chaotic, non-hierarchical, infinite universe of data. In this essay we want to reflect on the encyclopedie impulse in a number of literary texts from alam Indonesia dan Melayu, from Indonesian and Malay worlds. We begin with a discussion of the definition of the 'encyclo- pedia' in the West. Then we test this definition against examples of written and oral texts from regions in the Indonesian and Malay worlds which seem to be 'encyclopedie' in their approach to knowledge. -
Lord in Sunda Wiwitan Perception
SSRG International Journal of Medical Science ( SSRG – IJMS ) – Volume 5 Issue 7 – July 2018 Lord in Sunda Wiwitan Perception Etty Saringendyanti,1 Dade Mahzuni2 Department of Philology and History, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, University of Padjadjaran Office: Bandung-Sumedang Hihgway Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java (Indonesia) Abstract How Sunda Wiwitan seeking Lord is a great influences in the development of that culture, theme in this article. Based on Clifford Geertz’s especially religion or belief that Ralph Linton says theory of religion as a cultural system and historical belongs to the core of culture (covert culture).2 method, it is known that historically Lord exists. In The development of religion3 in Sunda Land, 4 searching of Lord, the Sunda Wiwitan teachings of cannot be separated from the influence of the peoples have reference to the result of a combination of Lord's concepts, experiences, dynamics and creativity in managing the universe in which they live at every turn cultural system, so that the process of internal of the period from prehistoric times, Hinduism, adaptation or the "original" elements becomes the Buddhism and Islamic. The concept of Lord in the driving force and more instrumental in cultural Sunda Wiwitan teachings constituted by the belief of change. The process of diffusion is seen as a process ancestral spirits and teachings on the contents of of change, because of the imitation or adoption of the ancient Sundanese script-century 14-17 AD which cultural element from the outside (Abdullah, ed. continues on the indigenous people Baduy and 20121: 331-332). Cultural development in the Kasepuhan Banten Kidul. -
GUNUNG SEBAGAI LOKASI SITUS-SITUS KEAGAMAAN DAN SKRIPTORIA MASA SUNDA KUNO Mountain As Religious Site and Scriptoria During Ancient Sunda Period
PURBAWIDYA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi p-ISSN: 2252-3758, e-ISSN: 2528-3618 Terakreditasi Kementerian Ristekdikti No. 21E/KPT/2018 Vol. 8 (2), November 2019, pp 97 – 111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24164/pw.v8i2.305 GUNUNG SEBAGAI LOKASI SITUS-SITUS KEAGAMAAN DAN SKRIPTORIA MASA SUNDA KUNO Mountain as Religious Site and Scriptoria during Ancient Sunda Period Dani Sunjana Divisi Penelitian dan Kajian Gumati Foundation Jalan Raya Garut–Tasik Km 70, Desa Tenjowaringin, Kecamatan Salawu, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya E-mail: [email protected] Naskah diterima:13 Juni 2019 - Revisi terakhir: 31 Oktober 2019 Disetujui terbit: 28 November 2019 - Tersedia secara online: 30 November 2019 Abstract This research aimed to reconstruct the concept, value, and implication of mount as sa- cred landscape in Ancient Sunda period. The research used bibliographical method which combine the information interpretation from secondary philology and epigraph- ical sources with previously done archaeological researches. The result showed that mount and mountain in general used as a sacred and holy landscape in Ancient Sunda period. This conception then represented by the existence of religious sites and scripto- ria at the mount as a symbol to decrease the spiritual and intelectual distance with the deities and Supreme Being. Several mounts has been mentioned on written sources and need further archaeological research as a crosscheck confirmation in the future. Keywords: Ancient Sunda, mount, religious sites, scriptoria Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekonstruksi kedudukan gunung dan pegunungan sebagai lanskap suci dan implikasinya pada masa Sunda Kuno. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian pustaka yang memadukan interpretasi naskah-naskah dan prasasti kuno dari sumber sekunder dengan hasil-hasil penelitian arkeologi yang telah dilakukan. -
Variety of Distinct Style Scripts in Inscriptions Found in Mandalas of the Late Majapahit Era: an Overview of the Paleography to Mark Religious Dynamics
Cultural Dynamics in a Globalized World – Budianta et al. (Eds) © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-62664-5 Variety of distinct style scripts in inscriptions found in Mandalas of the late Majapahit era: An overview of the paleography to mark religious dynamics N. Susanti Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia ABSTRACT: The late Majapahit era is found to mark the decline of Saivaism and Bud- dhism. In the late 15th century, Buddhism started to decline, whereas Saivaism was still developing, despite experiencing a decline. Trailokyapuri II and Trailokyapuri III inscrip- tions, which were issued by the King, mentioned names of figures and gods other than Siva, namely Sang Rsiswara Bharadhwaja, Bhatara Wisnu, Bhatara Yama, and Bhatari Durga. Literature works have also suggested life perspectives and “indigenous” religiousness as well as the establishment of religious buildings with mountain top features (punden berundak) and pyramidal architecture, such as the constructions in the slopes of Mount Penanggungan and Mount Lawu. Distinct script styles found in brief inscriptions in several sites that served as centers of religious activities (mandala) may confirm the assumptions regarding the religious life lead in the late Majapahit era. The content of the inscriptions provides hints of holy places/mandala, names of figures and gods, and moral teachings of the time. Paleographic analyses carried out using a dynamic method for the distinct script styles found in brief inscriptions from the late Majapahit era may provide information regarding the types of the currently existing mandala. Previous studies show that every mandala normally possesses a unique script style together with its diacritical symbols. -
To the Roman Serial Numbers Used in the Comprehensive List of Sources and the General Index of Names to Indicate Dr De Graaf's E
KEY to the Roman serial numbers used in the Comprehensive List of Sources and the General Index of Names to indicate Dr de Graaf's eight books and articles on Javanese history, and the Summary. I Graaf, H. J. de, en Pigeaud, Th. G. Th. De eerste Moslimse Vor stendommen op Java. Studien over de staatkundige Geschiedenis van de 15e en 16e eeuw. 's-Gravenhage, 1974. Verhandelingen v.h. Kon. Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, vol. 69. II Graaf, H. J. de. De Regering van panembahan Senapati Inga laga. 's-Gravenhage, 1954. Verhandelingen v.h. Kon. Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, vol. 13. III Graaf, H. J. de. De Regering van sultan Agung, vorst van Mataram, 1613-1645, en die van zijn voorganger panembahan Seda-ing-Krapjak, 1601-1613. 's-Gravenhage, 1958. Verhandelingen v.h. Kon. Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, vol. 23. IV-l,IV-2 Graaf, H. J. de. De Regering van sunan Mangku Rat I Tegal Wangi, vorst van Mataram, 1646-1677. 2 vols. 's-Graven hage, 1961-1962. I. De Ontbinding van het Rijk. II. Opstand en Ondergang. Verhandelingen v.h. Kon. Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, vols. 33 and 39. V Graaf, H. J. de (ed.). De Expeditie van Anthonio Hurdt, Raad van Indie, als Admiraal en Superintendent naar de Binnenlanden van Java, sept.-dec. 1678, volgens het Journaal van Johan Jurgen Briel, secretaris. Met een inleiding en aantekeningen van -. 's-Gravenhage, 1971. Werken uitgegeven door de Linschoten-Vereeniging, vol. LXXII. VI Graaf, H. J. de. Gevangenneming en Dood van Raden Truna Djaja, from "Tijdschrift voor Ind.