DOCSLIB.ORG

Readingsample

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Readingsample German Social Policy 1 Thinking About Social Policy The German Tradition Bearbeitet von Franz-Xaver Kaufmann 1. Auflage 2012. Buch. x, 166 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 642 19500 6 Format (B x L): 15,5 x 23,5 cm Gewicht: 432 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Medien, Kommunikation, Politik > Regierungspolitik > Sozialpolitik Zu Inhaltsverzeichnis schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, eBooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte. Thinking About Social Policy: The German Tradition Franz-Xaver Kaufmann 1 Introduction Social policy [Sozialpolitik] is a scholarly term that has had a career in practical politics. It arose first in the German-speaking realm, within the horizon of the Hegelian distinction between state and civil society. It was gradually codified academically by scholars belonging to the Verein fur€ Socialpolitik [Association for Social Policy], which was founded in 1873. Its institutional career began with Bismarck’s social reforms, though it took quite some time before it won out over competing German as well as international terms. Until the end of the Weimar Republic, social policy remained chiefly an academic term for the institutional developments taking place under different names. Its introduction into practical affairs took place gradually and especially after the Second World War. The international career of the term dates only to the last three decades. Unlike the term itself, the subject matter of social policy did not originate in the German-speaking realm. Already the radical constitution of the French Revolution in 1793 postulated the equality of employers and workers, as well as the obligation of the state to provide education to everyone, and to support citizens who had fallen into destitution. This was, in other words, the program of a welfare state, which was swept into oblivion by the terror of the guillotine that followed. The first legal regulations of poor relief were enacted by Queen Elizabeth I around 1600. This “old poor law” was reformed in 1834 in the spirit of Jeremy Bentham and made harsher for the able-bodied so as to serve as a deterrent; for those unable to work, however, health relief was introduced, which subsequently gave rise to a developed public health system. Around the same time (1833), the British Parliament passed the first factory laws to regulate child labor and created the Institute of Factory Inspectors. Occupational safety and factory legislation began even earlier in Switzerland: the earliest ordinance to protect working children was passed by the Canton of Zurich in 1799. In the Canton of Glarus, a limit on working hours for adults was enacted as early as 1848 and a comprehensive factory law in 1864, which was followed by F.-X. Kaufmann, Thinking About Social Policy, German Social Policy 1, 23 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-19501-3_2, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 24 Thinking About Social Policy: The German Tradition comprehensive factory legislation on the federal level in 1877 and 1881. Prussia became the leader in the area of state-sponsored national education and regulated relief funds; this was followed, with Bismarck’s social legislation (1883–1889), by the breakthrough to social insurance for workers on the national level. Between 1891 and 1907, Denmark, which had introduced health insurance as early as 1862, created a system of need-based minimum insurance that protected nearly the entire population against poverty, work-related accidents, unemployment, and sickness. Around 1900, the arsenal of what we today would call social policies or welfare state measures to solve the “social question” had thus essentially already been devised. But there existed no term that would have grouped the many measures together conceptually – with the exception of the German term Sozialpolitik [“social policy”]. This circumstance justifies a study that traces the emergence and transformation of this term. As we shall see, such an inquiry leads into core areas of the emerging social sciences, and it can therefore be seen as a contribution to international scholarship on the history of the welfare state, and to the history of the social sciences in Germany. The term “social policy” postulates a conceptual unity of specific institutional developments which is not by any means self-evident, and as will be seen, the criteria of what constitutes such a unity have changed over time. The idea and conceptualization of social policy are the historical result of ethical ideas, the diagnoses of social problems, political postulates, and scholarly constructs. This study traces the emergence and standardization of the subject matter, for two reasons: first, to illuminate the substantive reach of the institutional understanding of social policy; second, to demonstrate the limits of the term and clarify its replacement in recent times by the concept of the social or welfare state. The German term Sozialpolitik can also refer to matters of different categories: the political struggle over measures and laws (social politics), the implementation of state-initiated measures (social policies), in Germany not only through public administration but also through autonomous bodies or even private agents; and, finally, the intellectual debate over the definition of social and political problems and the criticism of socio-political practices, especially by the legal, economic, and social sciences (socio-political ideas). These three spheres are of course subject to reciprocal interactions, though the latter become clear only from the third, scientific perspective that stands at the center of this study. The differences between and convergence of theoretical and practical-political conceptions of “social policy” remain historically quite contingent and can there- fore be mentioned only in passing.1 Instead, my focus here is on the conceptual 1 Surveys of the history of practical social policy in Germany since its beginnings are given by: Syrup and Neuloh (1957), Gladen (1974), Hentschel (1983), Frerich and Frey (1996), Lampert (1998, pp. 17–155), Schmidt (1998, pp. 21–173), Hockerts (1998b), Stolleis (2013, German Social Policy, vol. 2). An extensive history of social policy in Germany since 1945, covering until 1989 both German states, including source materials, has been published by the German Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and the Federal Archive in 11 volumes (Bundesministerium fur€ Arbeit und Soziales 2001–2008). (See footnote on page 125). 1 Introduction 25 history of social policy [“Sozialpolitik”] in Germany and its intellectual context. I trace the emergence of the term social policy and shed light on the problems it referenced and by means of which the unity of the subject matter was constructed, while at the same time including competing terms in the discussion. That is also why no complete survey of linguistic usage is intended; rather, I will highlight meanings that the term was given in German scholarly language.2 The source material therefore consists largely of academic texts, not documents from practical politics. To be sure, many of these texts were composed also with a political intent or at least within the horizon of certain political orientations; indeed, it is charac- teristic of the topic under discussion that normative and descriptive connotations are interwoven in a way that is difficult to disentangle, as is usual in political rhetoric. Still, we will be dealing typically with statements from scholars, not politicians or administrators. However, wherever they can be identified, I will mark points where scholarship and politics met, where, in other words, transfers from one direction or the other contributed to the historical constitution of the subject matter. An examination focused purely on conceptual history3 does not expose the real historical contexts behind the conceptual changes.4 Academic discussions of social policy also referenced a concrete social and political situation, however, which formed the backdrop. But since this does not usually find expression in the conceptual analysis, real historical connections will occasionally be made, though in a very summary form. Even if the real political processes remain underexposed, the present study sees itself also as a contribution to a historical sociology of social policy. For like most of the “great” topics of sociology, social policy exists for us only as a historical object and in conceptual form.5 One final preliminary remark: from the vantage point of the great political currents of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, namely, liberalism, socialism, and conservatism, social policy developed as a seemingly heterogeneous series of inconsistent compromises. By contrast, this study is based on the notion that the history of social policy in Germany is the expression of an autonomous “reformist” current, one that did develop within the field of tension created by these three 2 I will pass over the rare attempts to make “social policy” into a universal historical concept; see e.g. Molitor (1990). Nor can the approach be to retrace the totality of the ideas and scientific notions and debates concerning the problems that were occasionally assigned to the term social policy. For the older period see von Philippovich and Heimann (1924), Keller (1955), Scheer (1975), G. A. Ritter (1996b). 3 On the tasks and methods of conceptual history see Meier (1971), Gadamer (1971), Koselleck (1978), Koselleck (1986). 4 This was rightly pointed out by Dipper (1992, p. 324f.). That study on the very closely related concept of Sozialreform [social reform] proved especially helpful. The numerous, mostly older, studies on the concept of social policy lack the methodology of conceptual history. Still very insightful is von Philippovich (1908). 5 The frequent absence of this historical sense in contemporary German sociology was pointed out by Wehler (2000, pp. 113–121). For a historical account see Raphael (1996).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Godesberg Programme and Its Aftermath
    Karim Fertikh The Godesberg Programme and its Aftermath A Socio-histoire of an Ideological Transformation in European Social De- mocracies Abstract: The Godesberg programme (1959) is considered a major shift in European social democratic ideology. This article explores its genesis and of- fers a history of both the written text and its subsequent uses. It does so by shedding light on the organizational constraints and the personal strategies of the players involved in the production of the text in the Social Democra- tic Party of Germany. The article considers the partisan milieu and its trans- formations after 1945 and in the aftermaths of 1968 as an important factor accounting for the making of the political myth of Bad Godesberg. To do so, it explores the historicity of the interpretations of the programme from the 1950s to the present day, and highlights the moments at which the meaning of Godesberg as a major shift in socialist history has become consolidated in Europe, focusing on the French Socialist Party. Keywords: Social Democracy, Godesberg Programme, socio-histoire, scienti- fication of politics, history of ideas In a recent TV show, “Baron noir,” the main character launches a rant about the “f***g Bad Godesberg” advocated by the Socialist Party candidate. That the 1950s programme should be mentioned before a primetime audience bears witness to the widespread dissemination of the phrase in French political culture. “Faire son Bad Godesberg” [literally, “doing one’s Bad Godesberg”] has become an idiomatic French phrase. It refers to a fundamental alteration in the core doctrinal values of a politi- cal party (especially social-democratic and socialist ones).
    [Show full text]
  • When Fear Is Substituted for Reason: European and Western Government Policies Regarding National Security 1789-1919
    WHEN FEAR IS SUBSTITUTED FOR REASON: EUROPEAN AND WESTERN GOVERNMENT POLICIES REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY 1789-1919 Norma Lisa Flores A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2012 Committee: Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Dr. Mark Simon Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Michael Brooks Dr. Geoff Howes Dr. Michael Jakobson © 2012 Norma Lisa Flores All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Although the twentieth century is perceived as the era of international wars and revolutions, the basis of these proceedings are actually rooted in the events of the nineteenth century. When anything that challenged the authority of the state – concepts based on enlightenment, immigration, or socialism – were deemed to be a threat to the status quo and immediately eliminated by way of legal restrictions. Once the façade of the Old World was completely severed following the Great War, nations in Europe and throughout the West started to revive various nineteenth century laws in an attempt to suppress the outbreak of radicalism that preceded the 1919 revolutions. What this dissertation offers is an extended understanding of how nineteenth century government policies toward radicalism fostered an environment of increased national security during Germany’s 1919 Spartacist Uprising and the 1919/1920 Palmer Raids in the United States. Using the French Revolution as a starting point, this study allows the reader the opportunity to put events like the 1848 revolutions, the rise of the First and Second Internationals, political fallouts, nineteenth century imperialism, nativism, Social Darwinism, and movements for self-government into a broader historical context.
    [Show full text]
  • The Purpose of the First World War War Aims and Military Strategies Schriften Des Historischen Kollegs
    The Purpose of the First World War War Aims and Military Strategies Schriften des Historischen Kollegs Herausgegeben von Andreas Wirsching Kolloquien 91 The Purpose of the First World War War Aims and Military Strategies Herausgegeben von Holger Afflerbach An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org Schriften des Historischen Kollegs herausgegeben von Andreas Wirsching in Verbindung mit Georg Brun, Peter Funke, Karl-Heinz Hoffmann, Martin Jehne, Susanne Lepsius, Helmut Neuhaus, Frank Rexroth, Martin Schulze Wessel, Willibald Steinmetz und Gerrit Walther Das Historische Kolleg fördert im Bereich der historisch orientierten Wissenschaften Gelehrte, die sich durch herausragende Leistungen in Forschung und Lehre ausgewiesen haben. Es vergibt zu diesem Zweck jährlich bis zu drei Forschungsstipendien und zwei Förderstipendien sowie alle drei Jahre den „Preis des Historischen Kollegs“. Die Forschungsstipendien, deren Verleihung zugleich eine Auszeichnung für die bisherigen Leis- tungen darstellt, sollen den berufenen Wissenschaftlern während eines Kollegjahres die Möglich- keit bieten, frei von anderen Verpflichtungen eine größere Arbeit abzuschließen. Professor Dr. Hol- ger Afflerbach (Leeds/UK) war – zusammen mit Professor Dr. Paul Nolte (Berlin), Dr. Martina Steber (London/UK) und Juniorprofessor Simon Wendt (Frankfurt am Main) – Stipendiat des Historischen Kollegs im Kollegjahr 2012/2013. Den Obliegenheiten der Stipendiaten gemäß hat Holger Afflerbach aus seinem Arbeitsbereich ein Kolloquium zum Thema „Der Sinn des Krieges. Politische Ziele und militärische Instrumente der kriegführenden Parteien von 1914–1918“ vom 21.
    [Show full text]
  • Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe New Perspectives on Modern Jewish History
    Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe New Perspectives on Modern Jewish History Edited by Cornelia Wilhelm Volume 8 Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe Shared and Comparative Histories Edited by Tobias Grill An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org ISBN 978-3-11-048937-8 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-049248-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-048977-4 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Grill, Tobias. Title: Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe : shared and comparative histories / edited by/herausgegeben von Tobias Grill. Description: [Berlin] : De Gruyter, [2018] | Series: New perspectives on modern Jewish history ; Band/Volume 8 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018019752 (print) | LCCN 2018019939 (ebook) | ISBN 9783110492484 (electronic Portable Document Format (pdf)) | ISBN 9783110489378 (hardback) | ISBN 9783110489774 (e-book epub) | ISBN 9783110492484 (e-book pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Jews--Europe, Eastern--History. | Germans--Europe, Eastern--History. | Yiddish language--Europe, Eastern--History. | Europe, Eastern--Ethnic relations. | BISAC: HISTORY / Jewish. | HISTORY / Europe / Eastern. Classification: LCC DS135.E82 (ebook) | LCC DS135.E82 J495 2018 (print) | DDC 947/.000431--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018019752 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de.
    [Show full text]
  • No. 93/July 2011
    No. 93/July 2011 German Institute for Economic Research The German Socio-Economic Panel Study Data & Service Events & Activities People & Papers Affiliates / Staff www.diw.de/SOEPnewsletter newsletter Contents Comment ...............................................................2 German Section SOEP wieder bei einem Sonderforschungsbereich dabei ....................3 Jetzt anmelden: SOEPcampus@ im Rahmen von datalab@uni-bielefeld ............3 Bericht: SOEPcampus@Uni Mannheim ........4 Dear colleagues: Data & Service Order now SOEP 1984–2010 data (v27) ......5 What‘s new The SOEP joins the new DIW Berlin research cluster “Public Finances in SOEP 1984–2010 data release (v 27) .....5 Photo: Alfred Gutzler and Living Conditions.” The concept of Lebenslagen (living conditions) CNEF—revised variables on household was chosen as an overarching principle covering much of the SOEP group’s economic research income ....................................................................6 work. See the comment on page 2 for background information. Providing the public with more comprehensive information on revisions of the data ...................................8 The SOEP data are used by numerous organizations to develop social indicators for Germany. How to become a SOEP Beta User ...............8 One such organization is the OECD, whose recently published poverty indicators caused a stir The 2011 SOEP User Survey .............................8 in the German media. The discussion arose over differences in the statistics before and after Protect the SOEP data .......................................8 the 2009 revision of the SOEP income data. In response to this discussion, we will be providing DOIs for the SOEP data .....................................9 more comprehensive information on any future revisions and their potential impacts, both to Send copies of your publications our users and to the public at large. See page 8 for further details.
    [Show full text]
  • "Weapon of Starvation": the Politics, Propaganda, and Morality of Britain's Hunger Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919
    Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) 2015 A "Weapon of Starvation": The Politics, Propaganda, and Morality of Britain's Hunger Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919 Alyssa Cundy Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, European History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Cundy, Alyssa, "A "Weapon of Starvation": The Politics, Propaganda, and Morality of Britain's Hunger Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919" (2015). Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive). 1763. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1763 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A “WEAPON OF STARVATION”: THE POLITICS, PROPAGANDA, AND MORALITY OF BRITAIN’S HUNGER BLOCKADE OF GERMANY, 1914-1919 By Alyssa Nicole Cundy Bachelor of Arts (Honours), University of Western Ontario, 2007 Master of Arts, University of Western Ontario, 2008 DISSERTATION Submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Doctor of Philosophy in History Wilfrid Laurier University 2015 Alyssa N. Cundy © 2015 Abstract This dissertation examines the British naval blockade imposed on Imperial Germany between the outbreak of war in August 1914 and the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles in July 1919. The blockade has received modest attention in the historiography of the First World War, despite the assertion in the British official history that extreme privation and hunger resulted in more than 750,000 German civilian deaths.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ashgate Research Companion to Imperial Germany ASHGATE RESEARCH COMPANION
    ASHGATE RESEARCH COMPANION THE ASHGatE RESEarCH COMPANION TO IMPERIAL GERMANY ASHGATE RESEARCH COMPANION The Ashgate Research Companions are designed to offer scholars and graduate students a comprehensive and authoritative state-of-the-art review of current research in a particular area. The companions’ editors bring together a team of respected and experienced experts to write chapters on the key issues in their speciality, providing a comprehensive reference to the field. The Ashgate Research Companion to Imperial Germany Edited by MattHEW JEFFERIES University of Manchester, UK © Matthew Jefferies 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Matthew Jefferies has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editor of this work. Published by Ashgate Publishing Limited Ashgate Publishing Company Wey Court East 110 Cherry Street Union Road Suite 3-1 Farnham Burlington, VT 05401-3818 Surrey, GU9 7PT USA England www.ashgate.com British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Ashgate research companion to Imperial Germany / edited by Matthew Jefferies. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4094-3551-8 (hardcover) – ISBN 978-1-4094-3552-5
    [Show full text]
  • Christliche Demokratie in Deutschland
    Christliche Demokratie in Deutschland Winfried Becker Geschichtserzählungen können bekanntlich vielen Er- kenntniszielen dienen. Nicht nur Staaten, sondern auch Na- tionen übergreifende Großgruppen bilden ein Gedächtnis aus, bauen ein Erinnerungsvermögen auf. Durch den Blick in ihre Vergangenheit gewinnen sie Aufschlüsse über ihre Herkunft und ihre Identität. Dabei muss die Fragemethode dem Sujet, dem Gegenstand gerecht werden, den sie aller- dings selbst gewissermaßen mit konstituiert. Die Ge- schichte der an christlichen Wertmaßstäben (mit-)orientier- ten politischen und sozialen Kräfte in Deutschland kann zureichend weder aus der nationalliberalen Sichtweise des 19. Jahrhunderts noch mit den ökonomischen Begriffen der marxistischen Klassenanalyse erfasst werden. Sie wurzelte im politischen Aufbruch der katholischen Minderheit. De- ren Etikettierung als „reichsfeindlich“, national unzuver- lässig, „ultramontan“ und „klerikal“, d. h. unzulässig ins politische Gebiet eingreifend, entsprang nationalliberalen Sichtweisen, wurde vom Nationalsozialismus rezipiert und wirkte wohl unbewusst darüber hinaus.1 Auf die Dauer konnte sich aber in einem pluralistischer werdenden Geschichtsbewusstsein eine so einspännige Be- trachtungsweise nicht halten. Aus internationaler Perspek- tive stellt sich die katholische Bewegung heute eher facet- tenreich und durchaus politikrelevant dar. Sie entfaltete in ihren Beziehungen zur römischen Kurie und zu den be- nachbarten christlichen Konfessionen eine kirchenge- schichtliche Dimension. Sie zeigte ideengeschichtliche
    [Show full text]
  • Max-Planck-Institute-Research-Report
    PREFACE Preface The present report ties in with the 2001- bodies and functions (VIII.). A new, separate 2003 report and, as announced there, reverts section deals with the promotion of junior to the two-year reporting interval. researchers (III.). Its introduction and place- ment within the report mirrors the value The report furnishes information on the attached to this objective. To be noted in this activities of the Max Planck Institute for connection is the establishment of small, Foreign and International Social Law in the inhouse doctoral groups, which are detailed years 2004 and 2005. Thus it outlines the below. research projects that were completed and initiated during this period and simultan- The Introduction (I.) begins with a descrip- eously documents the Institute’s progress. tion of the Institute’s tasks and the concep- This task is reflected in the largest section tion of its research activities. In this sense, it devoted to the depiction of our research serves as a guideline for all following sec- (II.). Here, we have striven to heighten read- tions by providing a short overview of their ability by presenting individual projects as contents. At the same time, this preliminary self-contained entities and to address a presentation of our research programme elu- wider group of prospective readers. Yet this cidates the connections between the wide- was not done at the expense of completeness ranging and variably designed individual pro- – notably as regards the recording of our own jects. events, publications, and papers and lec- tures (IV. – VI.), as well as the names of our Munich, January 2006 grantees and guests (VII.), and the detailed description of the Institute and its members, Ulrich Becker 1 REPORT 2004-2005 Contents Preface 1 Contents 2 I.
    [Show full text]
  • Genealogy of German Intellectual Impacts on Making of Economic Planning in South Korea
    Genealogy of German Intellectual Impacts on Making of Economic Planning in South Korea Young-Sue Han* <Abstract> This paper aims to explore the path of the genealogy of German intellectuals in the making of economic planning. The Schools of Liberalism criticised economic planning implements in communist states during the Cold War era. In spite of the hostile attitude of the liberalists to economic planning, American policy makers in South Korea consistently recommended introducing economic planning in the nation-making period of the last century. This paper will show that the American reliance on economic planning originates from German intellectuals’ influence by performing a three-fold task. First, this paper backgrounds the influx of the German Historical School into wartime economic planning in Imperial Japan. Consequently, this papers explores American scholarship in Germany in the early 20th century. Finally, this paper explores the roles of scholars in making theories on economic planning in Developmental State School. Key words: Economic planning, The German Historical School, Developmental State, Werner Sombart, Karl Mannheim, Lorenz von Stein * International Institute for Regional & Cultural Studies, Sogang University. 32 제9권 1집(통권 제16호, 2018년 3월) Contents Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅳ. German intellectual influences on Ⅱ. Japanese reception of the German the theoreticalization of economic Historical School of Economics planning Ⅲ. German intellectual influences on the Ⅴ. Conclusion formation of economic planning in the USA I. Introduction This paper aims to explore the path of the genealogy of German intellectuals in the making of economic planning. The purpose of this exploration arises from the lack of a considerable body of academic literature on economic development based on the economic planning of South Korea in the last century.
    [Show full text]
  • Freedom and Economic Theory
    FREEDOM AND ECONOMIC THEORY Second research report on Menger's unpublished paperl By EMIL KAUDER Professor of Economics ' Floride Presbyteria'e College I . Carl Menger's Library The Menger library is more than 100 years old. Carl Menger's father, a small-town lawyer in former Austrian Poland, collected the first 4,000 volumes.2 Carl Menger, who was a famous economist, an avid reader and a book collector, enlarged the collection to 25.000 volumes. After his death the works dealing with the social sciences were ac- quired by the Japanese government and are kept at the Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Tokyo. The books by themselves are of great literary and scientific value ; they are es- pecially important for the historian of economic thought, becauSe they contain essential parts of Menger's scientific legacy. Menger's collection reflects his working habits, his thinking, and his personality. He wrote corrections, short notes, and fragmentary essays on the flyleaves, margins and other empty spots of the books he owned. More often than not these notes have only an indirect connection with the printed text. They are monologues by which he clarified and developed his own thoughts. Most important are his notes in Rau's Gruardsdtze der Volkste,irtschafts- lehre and his copy of his own Principles of 1871. Menger's remarks in Rau's handbook (abbreviated : Rm.) contain an early version of his theories of value, ,price, and money. Menger'shand copy of his theory of 187 1 (abbreviated : fragment) includes an unfinished correction of this work which was planned as an introduction for a four-volume handbook.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com09/30/2021 07:13:43AM Via Free Access 20 Van Der Linden Subordinates
    chapter 1 Workers and Revolutions A Historical Paradox Marcel van der Linden The concept of “revolution”, which derives from astrology and astronomy, be- came more widely known after Copernicus published De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in 1543, in which he used the term to describe both the rotation of the planets around the sun and that of the Earth around its axis.1 In the three centuries that followed, huge social changes became increasingly described as revolutions.2 Often, such changes encompassed all aspects of life and were supposed to lead to a better future.3 Distinguishing different aspects of revolu- tions easily followed from this: economic, political or social. The term “social revolution” first appeared in a book titled Considérations sur la révolution so- ciale, published by the Comte de Ferrand in 1794.4 In this period, revolution was regarded mainly as a conflict between the aristocracy and the increasingly class- conscious bourgeoisie.5 Between 1831 and 1848, German intellectuals comparing recent develop- ments in different parts of Western Europe then discovered that the working classes could also figure in revolutions. In 1842, the economist Lorenz von Stein published his book The Socialism and Communism of Contemporary France, in which he argued that the rising industrial society either made workers ob- stinate and malicious or transformed them into dull instruments and servile 1 I would like to thank Pepijn Brandon and Peyman Jafari for their helpful comments on this article’s first draft. 2 The first transition identified as a “revolution” was probably the upheaval in the North Ger- man town of Emden in 1595.
    [Show full text]