Chapter Eight Conclusions and Recommendations
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Siva Chhatrapati, Being a Translation of Sabhasad Bakhar with Extracts from Chitnis and Sivadigvijaya, with Notes
SIVA CHHATRAPATI Extracts and Documents relating to Maratha History Vol. I SIVA CHHATRAPATI BEING A TRANSLATION OP SABHASAD BAKHAR WITH EXTRACTS FROM CHITNIS AND SIVADIGVTJAYA, WITH NOTES. BY SURENDRANATH SEN, M.A., Premchaxd Roychand Student, Lectcrer in MarItha History, Calcutta University, Ordinary Fellow, Indian Women's University, Poona. Formerly Professor of History and English Literature, Robertson College, Jubbulpore. Published by thz UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA 1920 PRINTED BY ATCLCHANDKA BHATTACHABYYA, AT THE CALCUTTA UNIVEB8ITY PEE 88, SENATE HOUSE, CALCUTTA " WW**, #rf?fW rT, SIWiMfT, ^R^fa srre ^rtfsre wwf* Ti^vtm PREFACE The present volume is the first of a series intended for those students of Maratha history who do not know Marathi. Original materials, both published and unpublished, have been accumulating for the last sixtv years and their volume often frightens the average student. Sir Asutosh Mookerjee, therefore, suggested that a selection in a handy form should be made where all the useful documents should be in- cluded. I must confess that no historical document has found a place in the present volume, but I felt that the chronicles or bakhars could not be excluded from the present series and I began with Sabhasad bakhar leaving the documents for a subsequent volume. This is by no means the first English rendering of Sabhasad. Jagannath Lakshman Mankar translated Sabhasad more than thirty years ago from a single manuscript. The late Dr. Vincent A. Smith over- estimated the value of Mankar's work mainly because he did not know its exact nature. A glance at the catalogue of Marathi manuscripts in the British Museum might have convinced him that the original Marathi Chronicle from which Mankar translated has not been lost. -
By Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Vidyavachaspati (Doctor of Philosophy) Faculty for Moral and Social Sciences Department Of
“A STUDY OF AN ECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGICAL AND BIO-CHEMICAL IMPACT OF URBANISATION AND INDUSTRIALISATION ON WATER POLLUTION OF BHIMA RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES PUNE DISTRICTS, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA” BY Dr. PRATAPRAO RAMGHANDRA DIGHAVKAR, I. P. S. THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF VIDYAVACHASPATI (DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY) FACULTY FOR MORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY TILAK MAHARASHTRA VIDHYAPEETH PUNE JUNE 2016 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the entire work embodied in this thesis entitled A STUDY OFECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL IMPACT OF URBANISATION AND INDUSTRILISATION ON WATER POLLUTION OF BHIMA RIVER AND Its TRIBUTARIES .PUNE DISTRICT FOR A PERIOD 2013-2015 has been carried out by the candidate DR.PRATAPRAO RAMCHANDRA DIGHAVKAR. I. P. S. under my supervision/guidance in Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune. Such materials as has been obtained by other sources and has been duly acknowledged in the thesis have not been submitted to any degree or diploma of any University or Institution previously. Date: / / 2016 Place: Pune. Dr.Prataprao Ramchatra Dighavkar, I.P.S. DECLARATION I hereby declare that this dissertation entitled A STUDY OF AN ECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGICAL AND BIO-CHEMICAL IMPACT OF URBANISNTION AND INDUSTRIALISATION ON WATER POLLUTION OF BHIMA RIVER AND Its TRIBUTARIES ,PUNE DISTRICT FOR A PERIOD 2013—2015 is written and submitted by me at the Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The present research work is of original nature and the conclusions are base on the data collected by me. To the best of my knowledge this piece of work has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any University or Institution. -
Under Government Orders
(Under Government Orders) BOMBAY PlUNTED AT THE GOVERNMENT CENTlUI. PRESS )btainable from the Government Publications Sales Depot, Institute of Science ' Building, Fort, Bombay (for purchasers in Bombay City); from the Government Book Depot, Chami Road Gardens, Bombay 4 (for orders from the mofussil) or I through the High Commissioner for India, India House, Aldwych, London. W.C.2 . or through any recognized Bookseller. Price-Re. 11 Anna.s 6 or 198. 1954 CONTENTS 1lJ. PAGB PREFACE v GENERAL INTRODUCTION • VII-X MAP. PART I. CHAPTER 1 : PHYSICAL FEATURES .urn NATURAL REsOURCES- 1 Boundaries and Sub-Divisions 1 ; ASpects 2 ; Hills 4 ; River Systems 6; Geology 10 ; Climate 11; Forests 20; Fauna 24 ; Birds 28; Fish 32; Snakes 37. PART n. CHAPTER 2: ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY- ,(1 Hindu Period ~90 B.C.-1295 A.D.) 41; Muslim Period (1295-1720) 43; Maratha Period \1720-1818) 52; British Period (1819-1947) 59. PART m. CIIAPTE~ 3: TIm, ~OPLE .AND Tm:m CULTURE-.- 69 Population' (1951 Census) 69; Food 75; Houses and Housing 76; Dress 78; Ornaments 21 ; Hindu CUstoms 82 ; Hindu Religious Practices 120;. Gaines 137; Dances 141; Akhadas or TaIims 145; ·Tamasha 146; Bene Israels'147; Christians 150; Muslims 153 ~ People from Tamil Nad 'and Kerala 157; Sindhi Hindus, 159. P~T IV....iECONOMIC ORGAN1ZAT~ON. CHAPTER 4: GENERAL ECONOMIC SURVEY .. 163 CHAPTER 5 : A~CULTUllE- 169 Agricultural .Popillation 169.; Rainfall 172; 'Agricultural Season 173; Soils 174; Land Utilization 177 j Holdings 183; Cereals 191; Pulses 196; Oil-Seeds 199; Drugs and Narcotics 201; Sugarcane 202; Condiments and Spices 204; Fibres 206; Fruits and Vegetables 207; AgricUltural. -
FORTS of INDIA Anurit Vema
FORTS OF INDIA Anurit Vema *'9^7” \ < > k M' . J . i <• : » I : *='>- >.% ' nvjl •I' 4 V FORTS OF INDIA ■ \ f 0i''. ■ V'; ’ V, , ’' I* ;■'; -r^/A ci''> Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Public.Resource.org https ;//archive.org/details/fortsofindiaOOverm JAMkJ AND KASHMIR FORTS OF INDIA HARIPARBAT "■^Arot kangraW ( HIMACHAL\ ( .' V.PRADESH\ r PUNJAB S', i /kalibangM ■'HARYANA > ARUNACHAL PRADESH ®BIKANER \ A/ D. AMBEr'f-X UTTAR PRADESH^-'... ® RAJASTHAN ® X BHUTAN "'^JAISALMER BHARATPUR’^A--^,@i®/lGPA JODHPUR /^^f^ji^^i^gff^j^^®^ BWALIOR J ALLAHABAD ROHTASGARH MEGHALAYA 'KUMBHALGARH % (\ \ ®\ .0 n.1 , ^•‘-fCHUHAR BANGLADESH TRIPURA f AHtAADABAD ■> WEST C !■ r'^' BENGALI, ® .^XHAMPANIR MADHYA PRADESH FORT WILLIAM A RAT /rOABHOlV ®MANDU BURMA DAULATABAD MAHARASHTRA ^AHMEDNABAR SHJVNER ARABIAN SEA mSINHGARH l\i,' WARANGAL 1, bay of BENGAL RAIGARH . /“ < GULBARGA GOLKUNOA PANHALA BIJAPUR JANDHRA PRADESH VUAYANAGAR iKARNATAKA| '^RJRANGAPATAM m GINGEEi LAKSHADWEEP (INDIA) SRI \ INDIAN OCEAN LANKA 6aMd upon Survey ol India outline map printed in 1980 The territorial waters of India extend into the sea to a distance of twelve nautical miles measured from the appropriate base line. ) Government of India copyrliht. The twundary of Meghalaya shown on this map is as interpreted from the Nonh-Eestern Areas (Reorgamaaiion) Act, 1971. but has yet to be venlied 49 FORTS OF INDIA AMRIT VERMA PUBLICATIONS DIVISION MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING GOVERNMENT OF INDIA May 1985 {Jyaistha 1907) ® Publications Division Price -
Raja Shiv Chhatrapati
Raja Shiv Chhatrapati 1 Kavi Bhushan’s Poem इंद्र जजमम जंभपर ,बाढव सुअंभ पर, रावन सदंभ पर,रघकु ु ऱराज है ! पौन बाररबाह पर,संभु रतिनाह पर, 煍यⴂ सहसबाह पर,राम 饍ववजराज है ! दावा द्रमु दंड पर,चीिा मगृ झंुड पर, भूषन वविंडु पर,जैसे मगृ राज है ! िेज िम अंस पर,काꅍह जजमम कंस पर, 配यⴂ ममऱ楍छ बंस पर,सेर मसवराज है ! 2 Pre – Shivaji Period 3 Yadavas of Devagiri 4 Annexed by Allauddin Khalji 5 Dark Era • 1294 A.D. Delhi Sultan Allauddin Khalji defeated Ramdev Yadav. • 1313 A.D. Malik Kafur defeated Shankardev Yadav. • 1317 A.D. Kutubuddin Khalji defeated Harpal Dev. Devagiri renamed as Daulatabad. 6 Dark Era.. • 1347 A.D. Alaudin Hasan established Bahamani Sultanate. • 1510 A.D. Portuguese rule established in Gomantak. • Bahamani Sultanate splited into 5 independent Sultanate. • 1565 A.D. Alliance of Adilshahi, Nizamshahi & Qutubshahi defeated Vijaynagar Empire. 7 Saints in Maharashtra 8 Malik Ambar 9 Shahji Raje Bhosale 10 Jijabai 11 Lakhuji Raje Jadhav 12 Shahji’s Struggle • 1629 A.D. Nizamshah assassinated Lakhuji Jadhav in the court. • Shahji Raje left Adilshahi and attempted to establish independent kingdom at Pune. • Adilshahi army destroyed Pune. • Shahji Raje joined Mughal Service. 13 Shivaji’s Birth 14 Shahji’s Struggle • After Malik Ambar’s death Shahji again joined Nizamshahi. • Ruled Nizamshahi with puppet Badshah. • Mughal-Adilshahi allied forces annexed Nizamshah. • Shahji Raje again joined Adilshahi according to treaty. 15 Pune Re-established 16 Training 17 Idea of Hindavi Swarajya • 1640 A.D. -
Village Map Sawale Taluka: Mawal Pimpari Malegaon Bk
Village Map Sawale Taluka: Mawal Pimpari Malegaon Bk. District: Pune Khand Karjat Inglun Kune Ansute !( Malegaon Kh. Andhra Sarovar Khed Kusur Dahuli Kambare Andar Mawal Wahangaon Borivali Kivale µ 3.5 1.75 0 3.5 7 10.5 Nagathali Kashal Kusavali km Thoran Jambhavali Kalhat Shirdhe Vadeshwar Rakaswadi Bhoyare Ukasan Pawalewadi Valavanti Mau Kondivade A.m. Somavadi Location Index Pale Nane Mawal Udhewadi Nigade Bhajgaon Vadivali Lake MoramarwadiKacharewadi Vaund Phalane District Index Vadavali Nandurbar Khandashi Brahmanwadi Ghonshet Bhandara Shiravata Sarovar Ambale Govitri Dhule Amravati Nagpur Gondiya Kondivade N.m Shire Badhalawadi Jalgaon Nesave Sai Velhavali Karanjgaon Takave Bk. Akola Wardha Nandgaon Umbare Navalakh Buldana Nashik Washim Chandrapur Jevare Mendhewadi Yavatmal Sangise Kambare N.m. Nanoli N.m. Aurangabad Pangaloli Belaj Palghar Mangarul Jalna Gadchiroli Budhavadi Nane Hingoli Khalapur Kune N.m. KarandoliVehergaon Shilatane Thane Paravadi Jadhavwadi Ahmednagar Parbhani Dahivali Mumbai Suburban Nanded Valvhan sarovar Valakh Rajpuri Mumbai Bid Takave Kh. Budhele Vadivale Pune Jambhul Raigarh Bidar Devghar Akurdi Latur Mundhavare Osmanabad Khadakale (CT) Kanhe Ambi Nanoli Tarf Chakan Varsoli Sangavi Jambavade Lonavala (M Cl) Waksai Karla Kamshet Nayagaon Sudumbare Satara Solapur Pathargaon Ratnagiri Boraj Brahman Wadi Varale Sangli Sadapur Sudhavadi Malawali N.m. Kusgaon Kh. Mohitewadi Dongargaon WADGAON (MAWAL) Maharashtra State Lonavale Lake Taje Pimpaloli !( Katavi Kolhapur Patan Chikhalse Ahirvade Sate Wadagaon (CT) Induri Devale Bhaje Sindhudurg Talegaon Dabhade (R) Kusgaon Bk. (Ct) Dharwad Aundholi Aundhe kh. Malewadi Kurvande Brahmanwadi Bedse Talegaon Dabhade (M Cl) Karunj Taluka Index Lohagad Sawantwadi Sadavali Ozarde Urse Adhe kh. DhalewadiMahagaon Baur Junnar Dudhivare Kadadhe Parandvadi Apati Somatane Gevhande Apati Prabhachiwadi Ambegaon Adavi Pale Pawan MawalShindgaon Thugaon Atvan Kale Ambegaon Yelase Malawali P.m. -
Aligarh Dealers Of
Dealers of Aligarh Sl.No TIN NO. UPTTNO FIRM - NAME FIRM-ADDRESS 1 09125200006 AL0008745 HICKS THARMAMETER INDIA LTD. IND. INDS.STATE ALIGARH 2 09125200011 AL0029131 JYOTI METAL TRADING COMPANY GOPAL GANJ ALIGARH 3 09125200025 AL0049598 RAIKSHAN TRADING COMPANY KHIRNI GATE AL. 4 09125200030 AL0007246 ARORA PROVISION STOR VARADWARI ALG. 5 09125200039 AL0072954 PAVAN AUTOMOBILES SARAY HAKEEM ALG. 6 09125200044 AL0076004 ADHISHASHI ABHIYANTA ANUSANDHAN NIVOJEN KHAND DODPUR 7 09125200058 AL0085331 SHALENDRA BRICK WORKS HARDASPUR ALG. 8 09125200063 AL0085735 RAJ KUMAR HRADESH KUMAR DHANIPUR MANDI ALG. 9 09125200077 AL0091412 AGARWAL BRICKS FIELD BARAHDWARI ALG. 10 09125200082 AL0093125 NEW MOTER INDIA MARISSROAD ALIGARH 11 09125200105 AL0097324 SCINTEFIC METEL IND. RAMGHAT ROAD AL. 12 09125200119 AL0101910 TRIVENI ENGNIRING CORPORATION AWAS VIKAS COLONY G.T. ROAD ALIGARH 13 09125200124 AL0104928 MADAN LOCK AVASH VIKASH COLONY AL. 14 09125200138 AL0104309 ADHISHASI ABHIYANTA ELE. STORE D.V.1 KASIM PUR ALIGARH 15 09125200143 AL0110605 PALI PHARMA STEEKALS JAIL RD AL. 16 09125200157 AL0115009 RAVI ENTER JPRIGES SINGH JAINROAD AL. 17 09125200176 AL0135707 NANAK SINGH KHEM CHAND NAI BASTI ALIGARH 18 09125200181 AL0191236 NASIR MOHAMAD CONS. SARAY RAHMAN ALIGARH 19 09125200195 AL0163642 GUPTA BRADERS BAROILI RAKH ALIGARH 20 09125200204 AL0126114 RAGHUVER INDIA LTD KAMALA MARKET RASAL GANJ ALIGARH 21 09125200218 AL0085950 EXICUTIVE ENGINEER ELE PRODUCTION DIV-II,KASIMPUR 22 09125200223 AL0132964 KAMAL BRICK WORKS BAROINA ALIGARH 23 09125200237 AL0132624 DAYAL PAINT HARDWARE SARAY HAKEEM ALIGARH 24 09125200242 AL0133638 MICRO TAX ENGINEERING SARAY HAKIM AL. 25 09125200256 AL0105716 G.P. PRODUCTS G.P.ROAD ALIGARH 26 09125200261 AL0083415 GURU NANAK MEDICAL STORE RASAL GANJ ALG. 27 09125200275 AL0076077 SEVROJ ENTERPRISES DODHPUR ALG. -
FORTS in MAHARASHTRA and ITS OVERVIEW by Reshma Dhande
Episteme: an online interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary & multi-cultural journal Bharat College of Arts and Commerce, Badlapur, MMR, India Volume 7, Issue 2 September 2018 FORTS IN MAHARASHTRA AND ITS OVERVIEW By Reshma Dhande & Shweta Satao The literal meaning of Maharashtra is “the great nation”, which is the land of Shivaji Maharaj. The land where you can still hear the echoes of the wars fought and where you can witness the glorious past and rich culture of the Marathas and the Mughals. Both empires created many pieces of architectural wonder that remained here to tell the stories of the bygone times. There are nearly 350 forts in Maharashtra that attract many architecture enthusiasts from different parts of the nation. Here are most popular forts that’ll make you fall in love with the history of Maharashtra. 1. Sinhagad Fort Located close to the city of Pune, the Sinhagad Fort gets its name from the Marathi word Lion. One of the more popular forts in Maharashtra, this fort is believed to have been conquered by Tanaji Malusare’s brother from the Mughals. BCAC-ISSN-2278-8794 117 Episteme: an online interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary & multi-cultural journal Bharat College of Arts and Commerce, Badlapur, MMR, India Volume 7, Issue 2 September 2018 At the fort you will see a few old stables that were believed to have been used by the Maratha army to keep their horses. There is also a memorial built in honour of Tanaji Malusare, a brave Maratha warrior. Inside the ruins of the fort also lies the tomb of Rajaram Chhatrapati and a small temple dedicated to Goddess Kali. -
A History of the Maratha People
H ft CO S o n A HISTORY OF THE MARATHA PEOPLE BY C A. KINCAID, CV.O., I.CS. Author of "The Indian Heroes," "Deccan Nursery Tales," 'The Outlaws of Kathiawar," "Tales from the Indian Epics,' "Tales of Pandharpur," "Shri Krishna of Dwrarka," " "Tales of King Vikrama, etc., etc. AND Rao Bahadur D. B. PARASNIS Author of "The Rani of Jhansi," "Mahableshwar," etc. Editor "Itihas Sangraha" VOL II THE DEATH OF <t , O FROM SHIVAJI ^ lL TO THE DEATH OF SHAHU _____ 1^ (r -^5 HUMPHREY MILFORD OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS 1922 PRINTED AT THE KANARESE MISSION PRESS AND BOOK DEPOT, MANGALORE fWNTED IN INDIA TO THE MARATHA PEOPLE THIS WORK IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED PKEFACE TO SECOND VOLUME A FEW words only are needed by way of introduction to the Second volume. The main authorities for the lives of Sambhaji and Rajaram are the Chitnis Bakhar, the Shedgavkar Bakhar, Khafi Khan, the Musulman works translated by Scott and known as Scott's Deccan, Orme's Fragments and the Parasnis Papers. I must also express my grateful ac- knowledgments to Professor Sarkar's History of Aurangzeb, Vol. IV, and to Mr. Irvine's translation of the Storia do Mogor. For my account of the Maratha wars against the Portuguese, my warmest thanks are due to the Goa Govern- ment, who with admirable generosity and kindness sent me a quantity of specially chosen books and papers on the subject. The authorities for the reign of Shahu are the Chitnis Bakhar, the Peshwa and Shedgavkar Bakhars, the Siyar- ul-Mutakherin, the Parasnis Papers, Malleson's History of the French in India, Orme, and, above all, Mr. -
STORE CITY MERCHANT NAME ADDRESS ABOHAR Samsung
STORE CITY MERCHANT NAME ADDRESS Bhagat Singh Chowk,Near ABOHAR Samsung Mobile Weear Well Bhagat Singh Chowk, Near ABOHAR ADARSH KUMAR N SONS Weear Well 6585, Western Circular Rd,Opp Ex MLA Dr Ram ABOHAR RELIANCE RETAIL Kumar Goyal,Nr Haqiqat,Rai Chowk,Abohar Dist Fazilka Gandhi Chowk , Near Clock ABOHAR AEROVISION ELECTRONICS Tower SHREE GANESH shankar market near sethi ABOHAR ELECTRONICS ABOHAR place ABOHAR SODHI ELECTRONICS St.No.3 Jain Nagar Main Road arbuda guest house, badi ABU ROAD MEGHNA MOBILE GALLERY sabji mandi, aburoad, sirohi OPPOSITE SAANTPUR GOVT KAPOOR ELECTRONICS ABU ABU ROAD SECONDARY SCHOOLNAYA ROAD KHEDA ACHAMPET KOUSALYA ELECTRONICS 18/61 ADDANKI LG SPL CD Near Bunglow Circle ADILABAD V B ENTERPRISES Adilabad H NO: 5-106,MAIN ROAD, ADILABAD SRINIVASA ELECTRONICS LUXETTIPETA, SHOP NO - 5 , PLOT NO - 86- ADIPUR SONY 87, WARD -5A, Plot No - 13, Word 2A, Maitri ADIPUR GURUKRIPA ENTERPRISE Road SHOP NO:- 5,PLOT ADIPUR JUMDAMAL ENTERPRISE NO.161/1,WARD-4/A,ADIPUR- KUTCH Rps Unit No.2, 64 Bazar, Nr. ADIPUR MAHESH ELECTRO ZONE Mahesh Suitwala, ADOOR VIJAYA HOME APPLIANCES Adoor AGARTALA M S ASIT SAHA C R ROAD,MOTOR STAND Hgb Road, Paradise AGARTALA RAJ MAHAL AGARTALA Chowmuhani, Jaganath Bari Road OMAXE SRK MALL , PLOT AGRA Shoppers Stop NO - 3/26, BYE PASS ROAD, Shop No. G-7/31, Behind Lic AGRA Voltas Building,Sanjay Place G1, M1, Block 51/15, Anupam AGRA GAURAV DISTRIBUTORS Plaza, Sanjay palace 19-A taj road sadar bazar AGRA STERLING ENTERPRISES Agra BY PASSS ROAD NEAR NAV AGRA RAJ ELECTRONICS AGRA JYOTI BUILDING Khasra -
The Freshwater Diaptomid Copepod Fauna
JOURNAL OF LIMNOLOGY DOI: 10.4081/jlimnol.2015.1269 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL The freshwater diaptomid copepod fauna (Crustacea: Copepoda: Diaptomidae) of the Western Ghats of Maharashtra with notes on distribution, species richness and ecology Mihir R. KULKARNI, Kalpana PAI* Centre for Advanced Studies, Dept. of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University (formerly the University of Pune), Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] Supplementary Tab. 1. Site Code Coordinates Altitude (m Types of (degree-minute- second) asl) habitats Sinhgad 1 18°21'56.1600"N, 1185 Tanks, 073°45'18.7200 "E Pools Visapur 2 18°43'16.3200"N, 1021 Tanks, 073°29'22.9200"E Pools Ajinkyatara 3 17°40'16.6800"N, 999 Tanks 073°59'43.8000"E Purandhar 4 18°16'46.2000"N, 1209 Tanks 073°58'31.4400"E Salher 5 20°43'28.9200"N, 1293 Tanks 073°56'33.7200"E Tikona 6 18°37'54.1200"N, 841 Tanks 073°30'46.0800"E Rohida 7 18°06'08.6400"N, 960 Tanks, 073°49'15.6000"E Pools Harishchandragad 8 19°23'17.5200"N, 1320 Tanks, 073°46'33.2400"E Anjaneri 9 19°55'12.0000"N, 919 Pond 073°34'12.0000"E Tableland, Pachgani 10 17°55'46.2000"N, 1250 Pools 073°48'25.5600"E Dighi 11 18°40'47.6400"N, 622 Pond 073°44'08.8800"E Mastani talav 12 18°33'17.2800"N, 569 Reservoir 073°49'42.9600"E Pashan lake 13 18°25'09.8400"N, 671 Reservoir 073°59'55.3200"E Simpson tank, Matheran 14 18°59'11.7600"N, 769 Tank 073°16'04.4400"E Mulshi 15 18°32'38.4000"N, 598 Reservoir 073°27'53.6400"E 2 Site Code Coordinates Altitude (m Types of (degree-minute- second) asl) habitats Shirota -
Current Ecological Status and Identification of Potential Ecologically Sensitive Areas in the Northern Western Ghats
CURRENT ECOLOGICAL STATUS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL ECOLOGICALLY SENSITIVE AREAS IN THE NORTHERN WESTERN GHATS OCTOBER 2010 INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION AND RESEARCH BHARTI VIDYAPEETH DEEMED UNIVERSITY PUNE, MAHARASHTRA TABLE OF CONTENTS Team at BVIEER...............................................................................................iv Acknowledgements.............................................................................................v Disclaimer .........................................................................................................vi Terms of reference ............................................................................................vii Framework ......................................................................................................viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................1 HISTORY OF CONSERVATION IN THE WESTERN GHATS.........................2 CURRENT THREATS TO THE WESTERN GHATS...........................................................................................2 CONCEPT OF ECOLOGICALLY SENSITIVE AREAS (ESAS).......................3 NEED FOR IDENTIFYING ESAs IN THE WESTERN GHATS......................3 DEFINING ESAs ..............................................................................................4 GENESIS OF ESAs IN INDIA ..........................................................................5 CHAPTER 2: ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF THE NORTHERN WESTERN GHATS..............................................................................................7