CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK POONA Compiled by THE MAHARASHTRA CENSUS OFFICE BOMBAY Printed in India by the Manager. Gmunment Press and Book Depot. Nagpur, and Published by the Director, Government Printing and Stationery. Maharashtra State, Bombay-4 1966 [ Price - Rs. Eight] CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 Central Government Publications ~Census Report, Volume X-Maharashtra, is published in the following Parts I-A and B General Report I-C Subsidiary Tables II-A General Population Tables II-B (i) General Economic Tables-Industrial Classification II-B (ii) General Economic Tables-Occupational Classification II-C (i) Social and Cultural Tables II-C (ii) Migration Tables III Household Economic Tables IV Report on Housing and Establishments V-A Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra-­ Tables V-B Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra­ Ethr.ographic Notes VI (1-35) Village Surveys (35 m0nographs on 35 sdected villages) VII-A (1-8) Handicrafts in Maharashtra (8 monogfaphs on 8 selected handicrafts) VII-B Fairs and Festivals in Maharashtra VIII-A Administration Report-Enumeration (For official use only) VIII-B Administration Report-Tabulation (For official use only) IX Census Atlas of Maharashtra X (1-12) Cities of Maharashtra (15 Volumes-Four volumes on Greater Bombay and One each 01\ other eleven Cities) State Government Publications 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in English 25 Volumes of District Census Handbooks in Marathi Alphabetical List .. ; -villages in Maharashtra J-I 076-i-D (Poona). II) ; t (/ l: ~ j b u - ~ ~ « a:: I •• 0"" z fjl'o~<'; 0 f­ ({ ~ ~ Z 1(1 » z ~ 0(. c. lO ~ ~ :: .:. ~ . Q- . , i '01/ IS « o.,J z Q o o o o :z: a.. , c \ J. PREFACE On the suggestion of the Census Commissioner, India, the Government of Maha~a-shtra decided to publish the District Census Handbooks on the basis of the material collected during the 1961 Census for all the districts in Maharashtra. A Committee consisting of the Executive Editor and Secretary of the District Gazetteers (Revision) Editorial Board, the Superintendent of Census Operations, Maharashtra, and the Director, Bureau of Economics and Statistics, Maharashtra, was appointed to determine the contents and review the drafts of each volume. This is or.e of the twenty-five volumes compiled in tl1c Maharashtra Cersus Office and published under that f::chcme. District Handbooks had been published from the 1951 Census data also. As in the past, the present volume contains a set of 1961 Census Tables for the district and also presents basic demographic and economic information for each village separately. The following improve­ ments have, however, been made in the 1961 series:- (i) The addition of a comprehensive note introducing the dit'trict; (ii) The four-coloured map of the district; (iii) Taluka maps showing the location of each village in the district supplemented by alphabetical lists of villages; (iv) Supplementary information showing basic amenities available for each village; and (v) Addition of Part III containing 33 Tables on other official statistics. These new features will make the volume a valuable reference for the Central and State Governments, District Administrators, departments engaged in planning and development work, legislators, private trade and business. Need for such material is far greater today as the functions of planning and implementation of development schemes have now percolated to district, taluka and village levels. Marathi version of this volume is also being issued separately. Part I of the volume presents vilIagewise statistics, Part II cont:>.ins the 1961 Census Tables prepared for the district and Part III contains official statistics on Climate, Rainfall, Agri­ culture, Industry, Education, Health and a few other aspects. An explanatory note is added at the beginning of each part to describe the layout of the Tables and the terms or concepts used. Parts I and II are based entirely on the data collected at the 1961 Census. Part III is based on the material furnished by the District Statistical O~~er and th~ offictfs of the depart­ ments concerned. Village wise populations shown in Part I are valid for Sunrise of 1st March 1961 and are not adjusted for seasonal migration to or fron: other areas. The introductory note at the beginning of th' "o)ume describes the present administrative set-up and some of the socio-economic facets of life .11 the district. It will illustrate how the statistics presented in the volume could be used for economic accounting or as controls of plan achieVements in the district. For this note, we have drawn heavily on the District Gazetteers, iv PREFACE Survey and Settlement Reports, Annual Administration Reports and other Government publications. Some Heads of Departments also supplied the latest available material for the volume. We are indebted to them all. Any views expressed in the introductory note or elsewhere in the volume are personal and the Government is not responsible for them. In the Census Office, everyone has done something for this stupendous task of compila­ tion and collation of statistics, preparation of notes and reading of proofs. I should specially mention Shri N. Y. Gore, Tabulation Officer, for his sincere and thorough work on compilation and proof.reading of Part I, Shri G. S. Gokarn, Tabulation Officer, for his painstaking work on MSS and proofs of Parts II and III, Shri S. K. Deshpande, Shri D. G. Pansare and Shri R. E. Chowdhary for assistance in preparing the introductory note, Shri S. Y. Pradhan and Shri B. M. Nagarkar, Draughtsmen, for Maps, Charts and Dia~rams. Shri S. G. Deshpande of our office at Nagpur looked after the layout of the Tables and printing of the volume. Shri R. G. Phadke and Shri D. V. Rangnekar, Deputy Superintendents of Census Operations and Shri G. M. Rajadhyaksha, Tabulation Officer, made valuable contributions at all stages and specially in the preparation of notes. Acknowledgments are due to Shri S. R. Desai, Manager, Government Press and Book Depot, Nagpur, and Shri J. D. Gandhi, Manager, Government Photozincographic Press, Poona. In spite of heavy pressure of work -on their presses they did .their best to print this volume speedily. J am obliged to Shri Asok Mitra, I.C.S., Census Commissioner, India, for valuable suggestions for improving this volume. I am also indebted to Shri Setu Madhava Rao and Shri M. A. Telang, Members of the District Census Handbook Committee, who not only supplied useful material from their departments but also read through the MSS and encouraged us through this venture. POONA: B. A. KULKARNI Th~ 26th January 1966 CO NTENTS PAGES INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT '(1)-(63) Physical Features (I); Administrative Set-up (3); Zilla Parishad and Panchayat Samitis (8); Village Pal1chayats (10); Population (11); Languages (20); Religions (20); Scheduled Castes (21); Scheduled Tribes (23); Welfare of Backward Classes (24); Education (25); Health and Medical Amenities (30); Housing (31); Agriculture and Irrigation (32); Agrarian Structure and Land Reforms (42); Co-operation (44): Forests (48): Fisheries (49); Mining and Quarrying (49) j Industries (49) j Power (53) j Trade and Commerce (53); Communications and Transport (56); Construction (58): Other Services (58); Broad Aspects of Economy (59). PART I-Village Directory 1-92 PART II-Census Tables 93-234 PART III -Other Official Statistics 235-284 (Subjectwise Contents for Parts I, II and III may be seen at pages 2, 95 and 236. resJ:)octively) LIST OF MAPS, CHARTS AND DIAGRAMS Poona District Frontispiece The District in Maharashtra g Percentages by Area and Population :: }Facin page (I) . Population, 1901-1961 .. ( 11) Variation in Population, 1951-1961 (12) Density of Population, 1961 ( 13) Distrilmtion by Age-groups, 1961 (15) Sex Ratio, 1901-1961 (16) Marital Status, 1961 (17) Literacy, 1901-1961 (25) Literacy, 1961 (26) Literacy and Educational Levels, 1961 .• (28) Land Utilisation (34) Crop Pattern (37) Distribution of Workers, 1961 (61 ) Junnar Taluka Facing page Amhegaon Taluka Facing page 13 Khed Taluka Facing page 19 Sirur Taluka Facing page 27 Maval Taluka Facing page 33 Poona City Taluka Facing page 41 Haveli Taluka Facing page 45 Dhond Taluka Facing page 53 Mulshi Taluka Facing page 57 Vel he Mahal Facing page 63 Purandhar Taluka .. Facing pagt! 69 Baramati Taluka Facing page 75 Indapur Taluka Facing page 79 Bhor Taluka Facing page 85 Weekly Markets .. Facing page 277 Fairs .. .. .. Faei"l! PDle 278 INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT This note describes the administratiu set-up and some socio-economic facets of life in the district THE DISTRICT IN MAHARASHTRA. "IG.2 ZO 78- 80 II o • )0 N III .. U FEIIEICE • D •• TRler Mat • ••• iii •• •• 0 DI.TlnCT aOONDARY •• MAJOR ROADS. ..... .-_ RAILWAYS. • • • • • • •• +t-+-+- RIVER . .... .. •• . .. .. 140 MILl • a • o~ "10.3 · PERCENTAGES BY POPULATION MAHARASHTRA CENSUS BOMBAY G. P . Z. P. POONA.I~62 INTRODUCING THE DISTRICT PHYSICAL FEATURES The district lies in the Bhima and the Nira basin. Important Rivers ihe main. range of the Sahyadri runs along its The main river of the district is the Bhiml. Other -westei"ll boundary. The Bhima river rising in the important rivers are Meena, Kukadi, Vel, Ghod, Bahyadri flows eastwards thro:_tgh the ce~tral p~rt of Pushpavati, Indrayani, M ltha, Mula, Pauna and the district and controls the almost entlre dramage Nira. system of this region. A sllccession of rivers with The Bhima rises at Bhimashankar in the Sahyadris their source in the Sahyadri draining the land towards in the we;;t of the district and flows south-east the east or south-east characterises the landscape through the central parts th"! district. It forms the .of the district from Pushpavati in the north to Nira 0:' eastern boundary of the district for about 100 miles, in the south. The branches of the Sahyadri act at before entering Sholapur district.