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Art and Politics at the Neapolitan Court of Ferrante I, 1458-1494
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: KING OF THE RENAISSANCE: ART AND POLITICS AT THE NEAPOLITAN COURT OF FERRANTE I, 1458-1494 Nicole Riesenberger, Doctor of Philosophy, 2016 Dissertation directed by: Professor Meredith J. Gill, Department of Art History and Archaeology In the second half of the fifteenth century, King Ferrante I of Naples (r. 1458-1494) dominated the political and cultural life of the Mediterranean world. His court was home to artists, writers, musicians, and ambassadors from England to Egypt and everywhere in between. Yet, despite its historical importance, Ferrante’s court has been neglected in the scholarship. This dissertation provides a long-overdue analysis of Ferrante’s artistic patronage and attempts to explicate the king’s specific role in the process of art production at the Neapolitan court, as well as the experiences of artists employed therein. By situating Ferrante and the material culture of his court within the broader discourse of Early Modern art history for the first time, my project broadens our understanding of the function of art in Early Modern Europe. I demonstrate that, contrary to traditional assumptions, King Ferrante was a sophisticated patron of the visual arts whose political circumstances and shifting alliances were the most influential factors contributing to his artistic patronage. Unlike his father, Alfonso the Magnanimous, whose court was dominated by artists and courtiers from Spain, France, and elsewhere, Ferrante differentiated himself as a truly Neapolitan king. Yet Ferrante’s court was by no means provincial. His residence, the Castel Nuovo in Naples, became the physical embodiment of his commercial and political network, revealing the accretion of local and foreign visual vocabularies that characterizes Neapolitan visual culture. -
ICRP Calendar
The notions of International Relations (IR) in capital letters and international relations (ir) in lowercase letters have two different meanings. The first refers to a scholarly discipline while the second one means a set of contemporary events with historical importance, which influences global-politics. In order to make observations, formulate theories and describe patterns within the framework of ‘IR’, one needs to fully comprehend specific events related to ‘ir’. It is why the Institute for Cultural Relations Policy (ICRP) believes that a timeline on which all the significant events of international relations are identified might be beneficial for students, scholars or professors who deal with International Relations. In the following document all the momentous wars, treaties, pacts and other happenings are enlisted with a monthly division, which had considerable impact on world-politics. January 1800 | Nationalisation of the Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed 01 from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800. 1801 | Establishment of the United Kingdom On 1 January 1801, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland united to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Most of Ireland left the union as the Irish Free State in 1922, leading to the remaining state being renamed as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1927. 1804 | Haiti independence declared The independence of Haiti was recognized by France on 17 April 1825. -
Additional Scenarios, Army Lists, New Rules and Special Rules for the Song of Drums and Shakos Fast Play Napoleonic Skirmish Rules
More Drums and Shakos Additional Scenarios, Army Lists, new Rules and Special Rules for the Song of Drums and Shakos Fast Play Napoleonic Skirmish Rules This material is copyright ©Sergio Laliscia/Ganesha Games 2008 Written by Sergio Laliscia Rules editing by Andrea Sfiligoi English-language editing by John Oman Based on the “Song of Blades” engine by Andrea Sfiligoi The author can be contacted at: [email protected] Play testing and helpful suggestions: Andrea Sfiligoi, Stefano Stibelli, Jean Levrero, the Song of Blades Yahoo group, and the many nice folks at Lucca Comics and Games 2009 and at Dadi.com 2009 who stopped to play games at our tables. Thanks to Nic at Eureka Miniatures (http://www.eurekamin.com.au/) for providing exceptional 28mm models for the Tyrolean rebellion (see back cover). For errata and clarifications please download our free webzine Free Hack (www.lulu.com/songofblades) or join the Song of Blades yahoo group at (http://games.groups.yahoo.com/group/songofblades/) Official SDS blog: http://drumsandshakos.blogspot.com Official Ganesha Games blog: http://ganeshagames.blogspot.com Christopher Cook (order #5682797) Introduction 3 Wurzburg (Grand Duchy of) 20 New Rules 3 Dutch-Belgian Contingent 1815 21 Mixed Nationality Squads 3 Foreign Regiments in French Service 21 Unused Points 3 Foreign Regiments in British Service 22 Extreme Weather 4 Hanover (Electorate of) 22 Former Ally 5 Italy (Kingdom of) 23 Enemy 5 Naples (Kingdom of) 23 Optional Rule For Multiplayer Games 5 Nassau 24 Optional Rule: Double Six on Activations -
Packet 06.Pdf
2016 “stanford housewrite” Edited by Stephen Liu Written by Austin Brownlow, Stephen Liu, Benji Nguyen, Nathan Weiser, James Bradbury, Kyle Sutherlin, Alex Freed, Jennie Yang, Nikhil Desai, and Martina Fu PACKET 6 TOSSUPS 1. A warrior in this work is captured only after being buried under the bodies of his slain enemies, and as a prisoner, is forced to watch from a chair at the top of a mountain as his family is destroyed by a curse. A pair of lovers in this work enter enemy territory by disguising themselves as a werewolf and a vampire bat before using a special knife called Angrist to pry the goal of their quest from an iron crown. The first kinslaying in this work occurs when many seafaring Teleri are killed defending their swan-ships from the exodus of the (*) Noldor. In this work, Turgon builds a hidden city in a circle of mountains, Gondolin, whose army reveals itself for the first time at the disastrous Battle of Unnumbered Tears, or Nírnaeth Arnoediad. The long-lost siblings Niniel and Túrin Turambar tragically fall in love in this work, whose title comes from a set of jewels created by the elf Fëanor. For 10 points, name this epic about Beleriand that chronicles the backstory of J. R. R. Tolkien’s fantasy universe. ANSWER: The Silmarillion [accept Quenta Silmarillion; accept The Children of Húrin before “werewolf”] 2. A building in this city contains interlocking T-shaped water basins surrounded by gypsum panels that show nature scenes. An artifact found in this city shows an animal with pierced ears, suggesting that it represents a pet. -
The Coastal and Hilltop Towns of Le Marche
THE COASTAL AND HILLTOP TOWNS OF LE MARCHE Always changing the coastal landscape of the Marche appears, in its shapes and colours, from Gabicce Mare to San Benedetto del Tronto, and so able to amaze it is, with its white cliffs drop- ping into the blue of the Adriatic Sea, with the deep green of the smooth hills dotted with old villages, and the ochre of the so long sandy shores. Likewise, in synch with the variety of the landscape, the urban structure of those many cities overlooking the sea changes as well: it is not about their being more or less ancient, since here history lives everywhere and they all share Greek, Roman, Picene or early-medieval origins, but it is a different distribu- tion of spaces that favoured, territory permitting, a double func- tion, the defence and the trade one. So it may happen to spot out in many villages of the coast an “upper village”, well protected by the walls of a castle high up on a hill and first living settlement, and the “seacoast”, the flat area lying along the shore, only later used for living and com- mercial purpose. This kind of composition pattern is typical of the medieval “castra” of Gabicce Monte (the ancient “Castellum Ligabitii”), Casteldimezzo and Fiorenzuola di Focara, in the province of Pesaro-Urbino, as well as those of Falconara Alta, north of Ancona and, south, of Sirolo and Numana, ancient walled cities, whose origins are lost in the mists of time; differ- ent are Recanati, Potenza Picena and Sant’Elpidio a Mare, important towns, fairly far from the sea, whose seacoasts, first simple coast moorings, then began the major towns of Porto Recanati, Porto Potenza Picena and Porto Sant’Elpidio. -
La Révolution Française, 8 | 2015 Myth and Reality of Paolo Avitabile, the Last European Free Lancer in India 2
La Révolution française Cahiers de l’Institut d’histoire de la Révolution française 8 | 2015 Entre la Révolution et l'Empire : une nouvelle politique dans l'océan Indien Myth and reality of Paolo Avitabile, the last European Free Lancer in India Antonio Lusardi Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/lrf/1273 DOI: 10.4000/lrf.1273 ISSN: 2105-2557 Publisher IHMC - Institut d'histoire moderne et contemporaine (UMR 8066) Printed version Date of publication: 23 June 2015 Electronic reference Antonio Lusardi, « Myth and reality of Paolo Avitabile, the last European Free Lancer in India », La Révolution française [Online], 8 | 2015, Online since 24 June 2015, connection on 14 February 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/lrf/1273 ; DOI : 10.4000/lrf.1273 This text was automatically generated on 14 February 2020. © La Révolution française Myth and reality of Paolo Avitabile, the last European Free Lancer in India 1 Myth and reality of Paolo Avitabile, the last European Free Lancer in India Antonio Lusardi The context. European Military Adventurers in India 1 In 18th and 19 th century Europe, and particularly in France, the word ‘India’ was associated with the idea of fabulous wealth and adventures. Part of this legend was created by the career of many men that during the hundred years between 1740’s and 1840’s were in the service of many indigenous Indian states: the European military adventurers. 2 At beginning of this period, the battles of Sao Thomé (1746) and Plassey (1757) had shown to the Indian princes and nawabs the huge gap between their traditional armies and those of the European Commercial Companies1. -
The Italians in the Second Punic War: Local Conditions and the Failure of the Hannibalic Strategy in Italy
THE ITALIANS IN THE SECOND PUNIC WAR: LOCAL CONDITIONS AND THE FAILURE OF THE HANNIBALIC STRATEGY IN ITALY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Michael P. Fronda, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2003 Dissertation Committee: Approved By Dr. Nathan Rosenstein, Adviser Dr. Timothy Gregory ____________________________ Adviser Dr. Barry Strauss Department of History ABSTRACT Rome’s victory in the Second Punic War paved the way for its conquest of the Mediterranean. Yet that victory is bound up with Hannibal's failure in Italy, even though he brought Rome to its knees in the early stages of the war. Previous explanations for the failure of Hannibal's strategy have tended to stress either the hopelessness of this strategy, because of the loyalty of Rome's Italian allies and their willingness to be integrated into the Roman system, or the success of Rome's counter-strategy of attrition, aimed at limiting allied revolts while wearing down Hannibal's forces. Previous scholarship, however, neglects an important dimension of the question of the failure of Hannibal’s strategy; that is, Hannibal’s failure as a diplomat to win over large numbers of Rome’s Italian allies and thus overcome Rome’s long-term strategic advantages. This dissertation looks at the Second Punic War from the perspective of the Italian states in order to explain why Hannibal did not gain more Italian allies. The dissertation is divided into four regional case studies and brings to bear literary, archaeological, numismatic, epigraphic, and topographic evidence. -
The Unification of Italy 1789 – 1896 Handout
THE UNIFICATION OF ITALY 1789 – 1896 HANDOUT Key Facts & Summary • Also known as Risorgimento, the Italian unification was a political and social movement that consolidated different states of the Italian peninsula into a single state of the Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century. • The process began in 1815, with the Congress of Vienna acting as a detonator, and was completed in 1871 when Rome became the capital. However, the last Italian territories under foreign rule did not join the Kingdom of Italy until 1918, after Italy finally defeated Austria-Hungary in World War I. • As other foreign powers were responsible for the situation of Italy, their very presence motivated Italians to strive for unification, however, Italy’s successful unification, ironically, would not have come to pass without the help of other foreign powers. • The situation of Italy after unification can best be described after the statement of professor Serge Hughes: “Now that we have made Italy, we must make Italians.” • Giuseppe Garibaldi, Giuseppe Mazzini, Count Cavour and Victor Emmanuel II are considered to be “the fathers of the fatherland”. Prologue Italy was first united by Rome in the third century B.C. It remained for over 700 years the de facto extension of the capital of the Roman Republic and Empire. It experienced a privileged status and avoided being converted into a province. Even with the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Italy remained united under the Ostrogothic Kingdom. However, this would later be disputed between the Kingdom of the Lombards and the Eastern Roman Empire. Following the conquest of the Frankish Empire, the title of King of Italy merged with the office of Holy Roman Emperor. -
SEUME and the ENGLISH by Robert L. Kahn
SEUME AND THE ENGLISH by Robert L. Kahn The second half of the eighteenth century witnessed an astonish- ing increase in the number of books of travel coupled with an equally surprising change in the very nature of the genre. The reasons for this development in the European literature of travel were manifold. In the economic and political spheres the rise of the middle classes, the accelerating process of industrialization, and the continuous decay of feudal institutions and boundaries were contributory factors. In the philosophical area the ideas of en- lightenment, cosmopolitanism, and egalitarianism during the pre- ceding era, even the reaction to the Age of Reason by subjective, sentimental, and emotional forces, all these conspired to bring about a greater interest in foreign lands, peoples, customs, and cultures. Whereas rationalism tended to stress scientific and an- thropological features of the foreign milieu, sentimentalism was primarily concerned with questions of the heart and humane values of both author and observed men. The older travelogues from Marco Polo and Sir John Mandeville down through the seventeenth century, on the whole, had been naive accounts of an adventurous and fantastic sort. In the early eighteenth century the narratives tended to be factual and sim- plistic, as for instance George Ansons Voyage round the World . (London, 1748). The late eighteenth century saw the rise of the sophisticated and feeling novelistic voyager, initiated perhaps by Laurence Sterne in his Sentimental Journey through France and Italy (London, 1768). "Mr. Yorick's" moving account of his experiences abroad, particularly his strictures against the prejudiced traveler,l fell on fertile ground in Germany. -
Violence and Disorder in the Sede Vacante of Early Modern Rome, 1559-1655
VIOLENCE AND DISORDER IN THE SEDE VACANTE OF EARLY MODERN ROME, 1559-1655 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By John M. Hunt, M. A. ***** The Ohio State University 2009 Dissertation Committee Professor Robert C. Davis Professor Noel G. Parker ______________________________ Professor Barbara A. Hanawalt Advisor History Graduate Program Professor Terri Hessler ABSTRACT From the death of every pope until the election of his successor in the early modern era, the entire bureaucratic and judicial apparatus of the state in Rome and the Papal States effectively ceased to function. During this interregnum, known as the sede vacante (literally, “the vacant see”), violence and disorder dramatically increased as the papal government temporarily lost its control over the populace and its monopoly of violence. The College of Cardinals and local civic governments throughout the Papal States, authorities deputized to regulate affairs during sede vacante, failed to quell the upsurge of violence that commenced immediately upon the pope’s death. Contemporary observers and modern scholars have labeled the violence of sede vacante as meaningless and irrational. I argue, rather, that this period of unrest gave Romans and subjects of the Papal States an opportunity to perform actions increasingly forbidden by the centralizing papal government—and thus ultimately to limit the power of the government and prevent the development of the papacy into an absolute monarchy. Acting as individuals or as collectivities, Romans and papal subjects sought revenge against old enemies, attacked hated outsiders, criticized papal policies, and commented on the papal election. -
Performing 1970S Italy with Narrative Theater by Juliet Fara Guzzetta a Dissertation Submitted in Partial
Stages of History: Performing 1970s Italy with Narrative Theater by Juliet Fara Guzzetta A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Romance Languages and Literatures: Italian) in the University of Michigan 2013 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Giorgio Bertellini, Co-Chair Professor Vincenzo A. Binetti, Co-Chair Associate Professor Lawrence M. La Fountain-Stokes Professor Stacy Wolf, Princeton University © Juliet Fara Guzzetta 2013 Dedication This work is dedicated to Joshua Yumibe and Stella Antonia Guzzetta Yumibe ii Acknowledgements When I was 25 and beginning to think about graduate schools, I envisioned staying on the East Coast in part so that I could be in close proximity to my mom with whom I was very close. She was my confidante, oracle (a game we played) and protector, one of my favorite people to laugh with, make fun of other people with, and chat with (like a best friend). Given that before I was born she had lost a daughter who was four, and that my father died when I was four, my mom and I cultivated a particularly intense bond. In my vision of zipping back to the City at any time from school, sparkling along the coast in an Alfa Romeo Spider (that I have never owned, nor do I drive stick, nor do I enjoy driving), I had no premonition that by the time it came for me to take those GREs my mom would have died (cancer in six weeks). Besides the obvious enticements of joining the graduate school at the University of Michigan, some of the appeal for me had to do with the idea of nestling in the middle of the country, which seemed secure and comforting. -
The Case of the Italian Unification.∗
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Extractive States: The Case of the Italian Unification. Guerriero, Carmine and de Oliveira, Guilherme ACLE, University of Amsterdam 8 March 2014 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70916/ MPRA Paper No. 70916, posted 25 Apr 2016 15:34 UTC Extractive States: The Case of the Italian Unification.∗ Guilherme de Oliveira and Carmine Guerriero ACLE, University of Amsterdam April 13, 2016 Abstract Despite the huge evidence documenting the adverse impact of extractive policies, we still lack a framework that identifies their determinants. Here, we lay out a two-region, two-social class model for thinking about this issue, and we exploit its implications to propose a novel account of the present-day economic divide between North and South of Italy. In contrast with the extant literature, we document that its opening is the result of the region-specific policies selected between 1861 and 1911 by the elite of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which annexed the rest of Italy in 1861. To elaborate, pre-unitary regional revenues from land property taxes per capita and railway diffusion are only driven by the contemporaneous region’s farming productivity but not by the region’s political relevance for the Kingdom of Sardinia’s elite, whereas the opposite is true for the post-unitary ones. Moreover, tax-collection costs, the regional political relevance, and tax distortions shaped the growing North-South gap in post-unitary development, culture, and literacy. Crucially, our framework clarifies the incentives of dominating groups in other political and economic unions, e.g., post-Civil War USA and EU.