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Publisher Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau
Bibliographic Entry Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau. 2011. Integrated Environment and Natural Resources Research, Development, and Extension Framework 2011-2016. College, Laguna: DENR-ERDB.
ISBN 978-971-8831-32-8
Editorial Board Editorial Adviser Marcial C. Amaro, Jr. Editorial Board Members Leuvina M. Tandug Aida B. Lapis Manolito U. Sy Honorato G. Palis Aleli M. Luna Eliseo M. Baltazar
Leuvina M. Tandug Aida B. Lapis Manolito U. Sy Honorato G. Palis Eliseo M.Baltazar Manuel V. A. Bravo Carmelita I. Villamor Antonio M. Daño Rhodora M. Rimando Simplicia A. Pasicolan Editha P. Eusebio Juan B. Ebora
Managing Editor Editha P. Eusebio Editor Eric M. Lopez Layout and Graphics Works Liberato A. Bacod Editorial Assistants Rosemarie P. Lansigan Marie Abbie Gail L. Dela Cueva Lolita P. Villanueva 1`H%C:QJ Flora B. Palicpic Renato R. Garcia
0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in MANILA, PH 2011 Calibri (Body) Relevant research, development, and extension towards a healthy environment and sustainable natural resources for an improved quality of life.
Contents
vi Message
vii Foreword
viii Preface
ix
x Acronyms
1
5 Vision
5 Mission
5
7 Chapter 2 RDE Framework
9 Guiding Principles/Methodology 11 Conceptual Framework 15 Drivers of Change
17 Chapter 3 RDE Sectoral Concerns
19 ! " 19 State of the Art 2007-2010 22 Issues and Concerns 23 Gaps and Challenges 23 Researchable Areas
42 Protected Areas and Biodiversity 42 State of the Art 2007-2010 46 Issues and Concerns 47 Gaps and Challenges 48 Researchable Areas
Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 iii Contents Contents
49 Coastal and Marine 79 49 State of the Art 2007-2010 51 Issues and Concerns 81 ENR RDE Priority Strategies 52 Researchable Areas 82 82 RDE Equipment and Infrastructure Development 53 Environment 83 ` * 5 * 5 4 53 State of the art 2007-2010 83 5 4 ` "5 ` 55 Air Quality 84 Linkaging and Networking 56 # 84 Mainstreaming of RDE Outputs 56 $ 57 Issues and Concerns 87 68 Research Gaps Chapter 5 A Six-Year RDE Plan 2011-2016
68 Researchable Areas 90 ! " 94 59 Mines Protected Areas and Biodiversity 97 59 State of the Art 2007-2010 Coastal and Marine 99 62 Issues and Concerns Environment 102 62 Gaps and Challenges Mines 103 63 Researchable Areas Lands 104 " ! 1 106 64 Lands $ $ ` < 64 State of the Art 2007-2010 64 Issues and Concerns 109 64 Gaps and Challenges References 64 Researchable Areas
65 " ! 1 9 ` $ 65 State of the Art 2007-2010 24 68 Issues and Concerns 27 69 Researchable Areas 30 32 71 $ $ ` < 33 71 State of the Art 2007-2010 73 Issues and Concerns 75 Researchable Areas List of Figures
11 Figure 1. A conceptual framework of research, development, and extension and its 13
iv Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 v Message Foreword
ince 2009, I have kept a keen interest on how the 2011-2016 Environment anaging development to V H1VJ C7 and Natural Resources (ENR) Research and Development and Extension this is being implemented. Managing development to VcVH0VC7 achieve (RDE) Framework its goal rests on how extension work makes full use of the results derived document, one thing stands out: the partnership that the DENR Research Sector, through the leadership of Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau (ERDB), of science out of necessity to ensure that resources for research are properly sought to establish with the various stakeholders to engage them in coming up with this framework. On this note, I would like to commend ERDB and the Ecosystems Research and Development Service (ERDS) for making partnership an approach to planning and development, and extension (RDE) work and the adverse impacts of a degraded natural resources (ENR) sector. natural resources (ENR). The 2011-2016 Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) Research, Development, and Extension (RDE)Framework Therefore, this framework rests squarely on valid premises as it draws upon the policy resources over which the on climate change, renewable sources of energy, biosecurity, biotechnology, and disaster risk management. inter alia. work. The magnitude of environmental problems has generally become globalized. Concerns on climate change, In this case, the Philippines acutely faces a graver challenge to install stable measures to establish ENR sustainability ready to undertake shared responsibility in securing and strengthening ENR sustainability. Having this framework as the Research Sector’s roadmap in the next six years, I look forward to the successful endeavours of ERDB and ERDS and all its partners in RDE on environment and natural resources.
4:; 9 58 = " > RAMON J. P. PAJE Secretary, DENR
vi Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 vii Preface 6VH%0V %II:`7
he 2011-2016 Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) Research and he 2011-2016 Integrated Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) Research, Development, and Development and Extension (RDE) Framework Extension (RDE) Framework among research and development sectors in the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), other government agencies, the academe, the development, and extension (RDE). and programs that are far more useful to and doable among stakeholders. It is a means to establish a shared responsibility in resolving issues and problems on the and breach of biosecurity. The seven sectors, namely, Q`V VQ%`HV:JR: V`.VR5`Q VH VR `V::JR 1QR10V`1 75Q: :C:JR The framework is aligned with the :QJ:C:JR`1Q`1VC:J(NRDPP) on Marine, Environment, Mines, Lands, and Water Resources including Freshwater Environment and Natural Resources (ENR), 2010-2016. The six-year NRDPP goals. VH.JQCQ$7 `:J`V`:JRQIIV`H1:C1<:QJ The scope of this framework embraces the following sectors: Forest Resources and Watershed, Protected Areas long-term basis. and Biodiversity, Coastal and Marine, Environment, Mines, Lands, and Water Resources including Freshwater as These sectors, including VH.JQCQ$7 `:J`V`:JRQIIV`H1:C1<:QJ5 and issues that generally cut down ENR sustainability and our capacity to implement responsive environmental
requirements of managing the environment and natural resources with notable progress towards achieving establish sustainable development in the environment sector.
MARCIAL C. AMARO, JR., CESO III Director
viii Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 ix H`QJ7I
: : $ ` $ :*4 : :; * 4 8 ICM Integrated Coastal Management : :; : ` : ; 5 5 CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program ` 5 5 CPB Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety IPs Indigenous Peoples ?5 ? 5 * * CBFM Community-Based Forest Management "" " " CDM Clean Development Mechanism $ ` $ ;" ; " $$ $ $ < $ $ ` ; ` ` ; ` ! ! ! * ^ 1 _ *: * : "4 " 4 DA Department of Agriculture 9:4* 9 : 4 * 5: 5 : 9= 9 = DAR Department of Agrarian Reform LMB Lands Management Bureau DE Department of Energy 94 9 4 DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources 9 9 1 ` DILG Department of Interior and Local Government 9" 9 " ` 5 $ 5 ` $ MFO Major Final Output 5 $ 5 ` $ 4 : 4 : 5* > 5 ` * @ > 1 MGB Mines and Geosciences Bureau 5$ 5 $ @ MLC Mining Lease Contract EIA Environmental Impact Assessment 4* : 4 * : EMB Environmental Management Bureau MRF Material Recovery Facility ENR Environment and Natural Resources ;:4" : ; 4 " ` : ; ; L ; ?* ; ? ` ` * ; " ; " ERDB Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau ;= ; < ; *: ; * : * * ;9" ; 9 < " ERA Environmental Risk Assessment ;4 ; 4 "5 ;" " 5 ` ;* ; * 1 ERDS Ecosystems Research and Development Service ;* ; * $= "5? $ = ` ;"5** ; " 5 * * NRMP Natural Resources Management Program !: ! : < ; " ; " ! $ ! ` $ ; 4" ; 1 4 " ! " ! " PAs Protected Areas ! 9 ! 9 PAMB Protected Area Management Board !$:: ! $ : : *: ? * : ` ? =>= = = * :4"5 * ` :_ 4 " = = ` Development =4 = 4 PCARRD Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural =* : = R* R R: Resources Research and Development IAS Invasive Alien Species * "5 * ` " x Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 xi Development PEP Private Enterprise Partnership *> * > ` * * < POP Persistent Organic Pollutants ** ";* * * " ; * @ REAS Rare and Endangered Species RDE Research, Development, and Extension :9$ : 9 $ SEIA Socioeconomic Impact Assessment SEMRC Southeastern Mindanao Research Center 9" 9 < " $! 1 $ ! $* 1 $ * 5 " 5 4 4 $:* $ : * $:* $ : * $55 $ 5 5 $= $ = $ $ $$ $ $ ` $$5 $ $ ` 5 ;5* ; 5 * VA Vulnerability Assessment VRC Visayas Research Center
J `QR%HQJ
he Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau (ERDB) is the principal research arm of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) as mandated
challenges of and gaps in ENR management raising pervasive concern on sustainability, ecosystems and natural resources such enhanced its mandates with greater rele- evolve responsive measures in ensuring ENR development of technologies relevant sustainability. to the sustainable uses of Philippine EO 192 establishes close working arrangements with the Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD), Department of Science and Technology
the current framework assess and translate all recommendable
as steps to generate of resources to various technological ` and
` the societal goal of the integrated program.
FORI’s regional centers as Ecosystems Research and Development Service (ERDS) to become
Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 3 (DOST), Department of Agriculture (DA), embodies the inputs of ENR stakeholders, Relevant research, development, and set out by the government. ERDB started extension towards a healthy environment programs. and sustainable natural resources for an and subsequently, pursued its development improved quality of life. The 2011-2016 RDE Framework precedes from the achievements made in the previous workshops with the regional ERDS, DENR units, Mission three-year framework (2007-2010) upon and other ENR stakeholders. These workshops were conducted to draw out inputs from all To provide appropriate ENR stakeholders and RDE sector have been stakeholders. It was also conducted to build a springboard of partnership for all stakeholders through research, development, partnership is organized along new R and D to help pursue sustainable development of and extension towards the ENR. a network for resource-sharing schemes to sustainability of natural resources the improvement of quality of life of the Filipinos. The 2011-2016 RDE Framework embeds the templates of sector-based (e.g., forestry, lands, mines, water resources, inter alia) concerns, extension. These themes pervade through some ecosystems and have manifested unique that impact on ENR sustainability. These themes also generate concerns that are technological resources that are being used to - close the ENR development gaps or to secure
It is by this measure in the 2011-2016 framework, that these themes see of ecosystem-based or sector-oriented goal of sustainable development and the RDE
Vision
4 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 5
%1R1J$`1JH1]CVL V .QRQCQ$7
he scope of this framework embraces the following sectors i.e., forestry DENR research sector are aligned with the resources and watersheds, protected areas and biodiversity, coastal and marine, Environment and Natural Resources (ENR), environment, mines, lands, water resources including freshwater, and technology one of the of the 10 priority thrusts of the Council for Research and Development On the other hand, the coverage of this The NRDPP streamlines government R and D and using of public R and D funds. The precedes from the conduct of research to by the President of the Philippines and co- chaired by the DOST. This inter-agency council is created under EO 604 dated 16 February 2007. The NRDPP aims to strengthen links of ` 1 @ "5 by the government to shepherd the designing, 5 management of RDE $ 1 5 5 ` R ` 1 ! 4 : ^ !4:_ : * ` 8
Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 9 Conceptual Framework
The NRDPP applicable to ENR management he 2011-2016 ENR-RDE Framework is based on the GPOA (#Q:CR%`]QVR&% ]% R warning systems and monitoring and rapid H01 7) logical framework and adopts the DENR’s template on General Plan of ENR thrust, the priority concerns are: and new energy resources. For biotech- ment and disposal of solid wastes, management of freshwater and improv- waste management. turnkey inputs for achieving succeeding outputs and goals.
- Improved quality of life/Sustainable ards developed, promoted, Societal Goal development - DENR Goal Sustainable management of ENR sources managed, protect- ed, conserved, enhanced and degraded ones rehabili- 5 5 DENR Purpose/Outcome enabling environment for sustainable Research Sector’s Goal ENR management standards enforced and mo- nitored. Plans, policies, and Ecosystems and standards natural resources Appropriate developed, managed, protected, The research sector contributes promoted, conserved, standards enforced monitored, and enhanced/ and monitored vital inputs to help achieve the evaluated rehabilitated MFOs in the form of technolo-
DENR’s Outputs/Research Sector’s Purposes/Outcomes gies, products, processes or protocols, and validated infor- $ * 5 5 ` comprise the research sector’s output of technologies and are a resource mix that crucially de- - Research, development, and extension - ing ENR policies, programs, and Fig. 1. A conceptual framework of research, development, and extension - $ ` ` R ; " ` 5 ;" ` 8 5 * * 8 ability.
10 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 11 The detailed RDE conceptual framework (Figure 2) shows graphically the dynamic
OF ENR using various parameters and areas processes pollutants sources disasters Sustainable management of forest, of forest, management Sustainable services of ecosystems’ Provision ecological of natural Enhancement Harnessing of geomorphological organic of persistent Containment of livelihood sources Sustainable ENR access to Equitable (health) clean air and water Access to Decent well-being = :97 $: ;:?9 5 9 *4 ;$ the DENR RDE agenda. of sustainable development.
The conceptual framework places Techno- DENR research sector, as the central focus and techniques for the improvement of $ * R 5 their usefulness will only be felt once a ENR. Packaging, Packaging, $ $
Development 5 strategy or strategies. Technology and in- of generated technology through translated into actual outputs. For instance, Stakeholders Sloping Agricultural Land Technology (SALT) $ >; 9 = $":; ! " will only be useful when it helps decrease DENR RDE Network soil erosion and improve the farming system is the stage where technology is $ >; 9 = = ; ":$ ; transformed into extension materials < : L $ Research and Research Development awareness and interest among clientele.
Problem and its subsquent transfer to target clientele,
LOCAL normally undertaken: where the generated technology is GLOBAL REGIONAL The tasks to generate and transfer of the DENR RDE network, composed of the and policies and must be relevant to the based ERDS. To some extent, other sectors of the DENR (e.g., mines, environment, the research sector and DENR as a whole. lands, forest, and protected areas) may also assist in the performance of these tasks, marine ecosystems marine water hazards anthropogenic Climate Climate change and Biosecurity Biosafety of energy sources Alternate Geomorphological changes pollutant organic Persistent Water crisis Loss of biodiversity in urban areas solid wastes Increasing and natural to of areas Vulnerability DRIVERS OF CHANGE DRIVERS Issues Emerging Current State of ENR State Current of actual R and D itself. This shall be of the ENR technology users. Feedback on ! 8 ` 1 @ 5 ;" "5 : 8
12 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 13 `10V`Q` .:J$V
he factors that “drive change” or While it is accepted that these emerging and transferred technologies, as well as board. other DENR sectors, the stakeholders, and The process of TG and TT is usually imple- necessary that, in return, results and outputs other clientele groups. From this feedback, new priority thrusts and programs on ENR However, there are cases that regional and The process must be anchored on the impacts brought about by these emerging mandate, goals, vision, and mission of the problems on the environment. For instance, - DENR to make it more viable and relevant in importance that in the performance of - pursuing the goal of sustainably managing - the country’s environment and natural must be tailored and implemented in such approach must be applied. ENR is such a ments and protocols, expanding research dictate, the kinds of RDE programs that and threatened biodiversity species, thus, pursue. and conserve biodiversity. The drivers of change are viewed at two accorded to the current levels: the emerging issues and the current Current State of the Environment state of the environment. These drivers “drivers of change” or to the current “drivers of change” or the of the environment... ` Emerging Issues 6 1 6 environment for their impacts cross beyond ` 6 ` 6 freshwater, as well as coastal and marine how these emerging problems could be of coastal and marine development and planning processes, 6 ` freshwater, as well as relevance and importance. These emerging coastal and marine drivers of change are: climate change and and many more. The current state of the environment must also be used as basis in 6 1 ` _ 6 and in return, research outputs must increasing solid waste, 6 water supply
14 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 15 Goal: Sustainable Development of ENR
Under the ecological concerns, the correlate with the ecological and economic establishing sustainable management of ecosystems over which their resource bases equity become founded, the social ob- are: installing equitable access to its resources, and framework :
generally commodity-oriented, these play stakeholders. Thus, the framework’s It is on this account that the framework’s
16 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016
Forest Resources and Watersheds
` : ^ R _ - inside the watershed which are vulnerable espite the rapid decline in forest cover, needed to address such problems were at 7.68 million hectares only or 24.27% of formulated. Results were presented to the the country’s total land area (FMB, 2008). forestry sector to serve as input in formulat- And with the growing concern over the increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO ) in 2 plan to the concerned LGUs for considera- the atmosphere which exacerbates global warming and climate change, the importance use plans. more emphasized.
The V01VR ': V` C:J `Q` Q`V `7 Development issues, problems, and constraints in ': V` C:J for Forestry Development. On R and D, and lack of credible monitoring and spawned adverse impacts on
;" 5 5 In support to the forestry sector, various 5 the period 2007-2010. : ` $ " 5 # < 5 biosecurity, and sustainability of In the natural forests, vulnerability assess- A study was undertaken to determine the covering an aggregate area of 950,730 hec- the environment to support life as tares were conducted. This is an approach logged-over residual dipterocarp forest by establishing permanent sampling plots in a whole two licensed areas (Surigao Development - Secretary Paje
Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 19 in selected sites (Laguna, Batangas, Pampanga, and Pangasinan) to demonstrate namely: bagras (Eucalyptus deglupta), falcata (Falcataria mollucans), mahogany (S&T) in improving the quality of bamboo (Swietenia macrophylla), malapapaya successfully determined for 15 indigenous (QC7H1: JQRQ:), mangium (Acacia premium and endangered species including establishing a commercial bamboo nursery. mangium), and yemane (Gmelina arborea) narek (Hopea cagayanensis (Litsea leytensis), narig (:0:I:J$:H.:]Q1), using allometric models were developed for molave (1 V6 ]:`01Q`: Shorea guiso), and dungon ( :``1V:7C0:H:). These ? ` V V`I1J:QJQ`$`Q1 .5 `%H %`V:JRHQI]Q1QJQ` of the whole tree and its components using third-growth dipterocarp forest Project in the licensed easily measured variables such as diameter ` 5 "5 8 and height. conserve the species (Table 6). A one-hectare was established in Negros Occidental (Don Salvador Benedicto) in 2009 as a show window and possible seed source of dipterocarps. @ ? 8 4 5 To upgrade the quality of seed stands as Nagcarlan, Laguna. trials of narra, molave, and yemane were established in Region 4A (Quezon), Region 7 (Bohol), and Region 11 (Davao). The best provenance is now being monitored.
4 ` 1 5 "5 in Biñan, Laguna using 8 indigenous species : R ^ _ : 5 Surigao del Sur. Zamboanga City. and compost. The species are: ipil (-J: bijuga), akleng parang (Albizia procera), bitaog (Calophyllum inophyllum An established bamboo nursery in Brgy. Bolbok, Lipa City, In line with the concern of improving the (Alstonia macrophylla), dungon ( :``1V: Batangas. 7C0:H:), molave (1 V6]:`01Q`:), bitaog, malapapaya (QC7H1: JQRQ:) and narra year, the study would eventually come seed sources of forest tree species were ( V`QH:`]% 1JR1H%). A living germplasm bank for wildfood and other fruit-bearing of narra, Benguet pine (1J%@V17:), molave, the dipterocarps and nondipterocarps. The seed stands, comprising 87 species species was established in Cordillera limuran (Calamus ornatus var. philippinensis) Results from this study will serve as input (Table 3) belonging to 28 families (Table 4) ex situ :C:I% C1]:R16) were contained over 4,300 seed trees (Table 5). conducted using isozyme analysis. Isozyme Data on height, diameter, phenological Bamboo nurseries for commercial and 28% dipterocarps, 36% in IDC. ornamental bamboo species were established and are now being maintained development. Limuran leaf samples randomly
20 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 21 collected from Camarines Norte, Bataan, and and those in Bataan as the most diverse, making age under a coconut-based farm was it the most probable good source of quality undertaken in two sites: Luisiana, Laguna forest cover seeds. - Encroachment and conversion of forestlands to other uses VIQJ `:QJ :JR ]]C1H:QJ Q` `QR%HQJ the 1.2-hectare pilot area established in :JR C1<:QJ VH.JQCQ$1V `Q` ::J these two sites. So far, banana and gabi - Soil erosion and landslides Sustainable Development in the ASEAN-member were found suitable intercrops. - Loss of forest biodiversity Countries on forest resources in support to policy and of the government, three old government decision-making, to consider the changing of Forestry and Natural Resources (UPLB-CFNR) and Forest Product Research and Development These were the :`:1Q V`Q`V :QJ climate `Q=VH Nassiping Researchable Areas V`Q`V :QJ `Q=VH in the Philippines. Experiences and outputs of and ':`1JR%_%V V`Q`V :QJ `Q=VH in Researches in the following areas are deemed the foregoing issues and concerns: sources of energy Field Guide Q .1C1]]1JV ::J and .V 23 ::J were launched. management for the sites were forwarded sinks of forest stands and drivers of to the DENR, Forest Management Bureau The study on silvicultural management regimes in the light of climate change Issues and Concerns old palasan (Calamus merrilli sustainable use of forest resources The forests like other natural resources Baybay, Leyte and Malaybalay, Bukidnon gave Gaps and Challenges problems that need to be addressed lest these resources become depleted. These Based on the issues, problems, and constraints relate to the following: opening of the canopy. Average annual growth Q`V `7 ': V` C:J , the following may be increment of matured canes is 3.0 meters to considered gaps and, consequently, challenges 3.25 meters in Baybay, Leyte and 3.5 meters for the government and other stakeholders to to 3.75 meters in Malaybalay, Bukidnon. As for address: mounding (mounding clumps with topsoil and - Low survival of planted seedlings - Poor tree growth performance in fo- plants in Bukidnon, showed otherwise. This forest products to beef up the raw material silvi-cultural management - the areas. - Species-site mismatching in foresta- 14. Forest policy review and assessment.
22 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 23 $ 8 1 8 $ 8 QJJ%VR888
" = ; :$ " > 5 AREA: COVERED 9 :$ ; 9 " = ; :$ " > 5 AREA COVERED 9 :$ ; ^ _ ^* 7 4 5 ? _^ 5 5 _ ^ _ ^* 7 4 5 ? _
ERDB Pudong Watershed 2,395 Benguet: Kapangan Tignoan Watershed 8,710 Quezon: Real 4B Kisloyan Sub Watershed 1,435.9 Occidental Mindoro: Sablayan Makiling Watershed 5,853.48 Laguna: Bay, Calamba, Calauan Oriental Mindoro: Victoria Batangas: Sto. Tomas 5 Yabo-Naga Watershed 5,518 Camarines Sur: Pili and Naga City CAR Bayudan Watershed 354.96 Mt. Province: Bauku, Brgy Bila Bito Watershed 4,023.47 Masbate: San Jacinto and San Fernando Camcamalog Watershed 583.62 Kalinga: Pinukpuk, Brgy. Camalog, (Ticao Island) Mapaco and Cawagayan Lusuac Watershed 492.33 Abra: Peñarrubia, Brgys. Lusuac, 6 Mambusao Watershed 44,820 Capiz: Sigma and Mambusao Bago River Watershed 61,926 Negros Occidental: San Carlos City, Talisay City, Bago City, and within Bucay Bued Watershed 14,302 Benguet: Tuba (Camp 1-6, Sto. Tomas, Salvador Benedicto, and Murcia Kias, Loakan, Hillside, Sta. Ana, Perfecta, Badiangan, Aracay, Poliwes, Campo Sioco, Bakakeng, Napuid Aklan: San Jose, Agdaguyan, Maloco, and Mambusao 1 Buaya River Watershed 24,138 Ilocos Sur: Sigay, Sta. Cruz, Gregorio del Pilar and Salcedo 7 Luyang Watershed 5,537.98 Cebu: Carmen Mananga Watershed 7, 877 Cebu: Talisay City Guinabasan Watershed 12,639.448 Cebu: Asturias and Tuburan, and some (Bunga sub catchment) Hilabangan Watershed 18,435 Negros Oriental: Ayungon, Tayasan, and Pinulot Watershed 10,514.87 Bataan: Dinalupihan, Brgy. Pinulot Himalalud
NCR La Mesa Watershed 2,659.59 Rizal: San Mateo, Rodriguez Daguitan Watershed 28,385.88 Leyte: Borawen, La Paz, Julita, and Novaliches Dulag
4A Lagnas Watershed 6,224 Quezon: Candelaria, Dolores, Tiaong 9 Salug-Diut Watershed 15,156.151 Misamis Occidental: Bonifacio and Don Ylang-Ylang Watershed 5,714.11 Cavite: Silang, Dasmariñas, Gen. Trias, Victoriano Imus Zamboanga del Sur: Tambulig, Aurora, Mahayag, Molave, Ramon Binahaan Watershed 1,489.39 Quezon: Pagbilao Mabacan Watershed 4438 Laguna: Calauan Yaganak Watershed 2,264.11 Quezon: Calauag, Lopez, and Guinyangan
24 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 25 $ 8 QJJ%VR888 $ 8 1 1 L 8
" = ; :$ " > 5 AREA COVERED 9 :$ ; $:;5 $* ? " = ; $ " ON Stem Ave. Ave. ^ _ ^* 7 4 5 ? _ 5?> 5?> $> $>
10 Bubunawan Watershed 26,977 Bukidnon: Baungon, Nicdao, Liboran, " 5 8 8 Poblacion: Salimbalan, and San CAR BENGUET, Tuba, (Kennon Road) 7 92.71 16.43 Kiliog, Poblacion, Nangka, Laturan, 1 ILOCOS NORTE, Nueva Era, Poblacion, (Nueva 25 36.08 24.52 Pongol, Kapehan, Sil-ipon 3`:V`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) ILOCOS NORTE, Pasuquin, Tadao, (Camp Site, 42 40.14 17.15 Sapang, Dalaga, PFDPIN) Calamba, and Baliangao 2 NUEVA VIZCAYA, Diadi, Bugnai 62 36.09 24.82 Liangan Watershed 23,034 Lanao del Norte: Bacolod, Magsaysay, NUEVA VIZCAYA, Diadi, San Luis 630 37.16 19.91 Maigo, Munay, Tangkal 3 NUEVA ECIJA, Carranglan, Puncan 24 60.38 8.17 Lanao del Sur: Madalum PAMPANGA, (Airforce City, Clark Field) 14 222.79 19.64 Cugman Watershed 10,250 Cagayan de Oro: Cugman, Tablon and PAMPANGA, Arayat, Banio, San Juan 13 143.54 28.46 F.S. Catanico 4-A CAVITE, Ternate, Sapang, Malauyas (Mt. 147 26.20 19.22 Bukidnon: Libona, Sta. Fe, Palabucan, Crossing, San Jose, Poblacion, QUEZON, Dolores, Kinabuhayan 95 142.33 26.40 Maambong, Gango, Kiliog, Laturan, QUEZON, LucLucban,ban, PaPalolalola 31 41. 41.9494 1 12.582.58 and Sil-ipon 4-B OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, Mamburao, Sta. Cruz 31 33.13 10.67 OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, Sta. Cruz, 33 127.15 13.03 Tagbungan 11 Tagum Libuganon 142,790 Davao del Norte: Kapalong and PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa City, Sta. Monica, 45 60.69 19.66 Talaingod Bagumbayan Saug Watershed 99,871 Davao del Norte: Laak, Compostella 5 CAMARINES SUR, Ocampo, Gatbo 36 56.83 14.31 Valley, New Corella, San Isidro, and CAMARINESCAMARINES SUR, Lupi,Lupi, NaNapolidan,(Pilipolidan,(Pili Clonal 2 288 35 35.64.64 7 7.00.00 Asuncion Orchard)Orchard)
SORSOGON, Prieto Diaz, Diamante, Sabang 50 14.94 6.64 12 Upper Allah (Parcel I) 59,276 Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani, and South 5 ALBAY, Bacacay, Iraya, (Mangrove Experimental Cotabato Forest) 41 11.66 7.56 Kabulnan Watershed 12,667.46 Sultan Kudarat and South Cotabato 6 AKLAN, Kalibo, New Buswang, 48 12.29 11.99 Upper Allah (Parcel II) 37,464.2 Sultan Kudarat: Bagumbayan South Cotabato: Surallah, Lake Sebu, and Sto. Niño Banga Watershed 33,365 South Cotabato: Tiboli, Banga, Surallah, 7 CEBU, Minglanilla, Camp 7 309 50.56 27.23 Tupi, and, Koronadal City CEBU, Talisay City, Juanay 64 37.06 17.81 SIQUIJOR,SIQUIJOR, Maria, BogoBogo 31 45.9545.95 15.8 15.855 13 Casilayan Watershed 40,396 Agusan del Sur: Talacogon, La Paz, and 8 EASTERN SAMAR, Quinapondan, Buenavista 95 43.24 23.43 San Luis 9 ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE, Dipolog City, Cogon 10 63.30 20.75 (Q$QJV`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) Agusan del Norte: Buenavista and Las ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE, Sergio Osmeña, 2 82.50 22.00 Nieves Buenavista
= Yellow rows indicate 1 8
26 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 27 $ QJJ%VR888 $ QJJ%VR888 $:;5 $* ? " = ; Stem Ave. Ave. $:;5 $* ? " = ; Stem Ave. Ave. 5?> $> 5?> $> 9 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Tukuran, Baclay 4 47.50 16.25 5 ALBAY, Legazpi City, Taysan, Malangka 34 34.12 16.35 CAMARINES SUR, Lupi, Napolidan (Pili Clonal 10 1055 34.2 34.277 7 7.04.04 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, Dulilan 3 377 90.3 90.333 28.2 28.211 O Orchard)rchard) Narra Outpost (Zamboanga City Water DistrictDistrict)) ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, Upper 6 104.50 32.50 Baluno (Baluno Natural Park) SORSOGON, Bulusan (Bulusan Volcano 47 95.00 16.30 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, Upper 7 48.00 22.29 Natural Park) Baluno ( :C%JQV`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) SORSOGON, Prieto Diaz, Perlas 46 78.67 12.78 6 AKLAN, Malay, Nabaoy 32 22.57 20.61 ANTIQUE, Tibiao, Tigbaboy 25 47.85 21.89 -I]:C% :QV`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH GUIMARAS, Jordan, Espinosa, Cabaling 25 18.00 20.10 ILOILO, Lemery, San Jose 23 8.13 10.78 (formerly -I]:C% :QV`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ILOILO, Leon, Omambong 34 28.94 17.08 BUKIDNON, Impasugong, Impalutao (Impalutao 174 44.95 32.53 ILOILO, Miag-ao (UPV) 60 21.68 10.17 V`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, Bacolod City, Alangilan 35 9.79 14.99 BUKIDNON, Kitaotao, East Poblacion 88 37.69 21.35 NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, Sagay City, Bulanon, 50 9.40 5.30 11 COMPOSTELA VALLEYVALLEY,, Nabunturan 2 255 56 56.40.40 2 20.880.88 Isla Perlas DAVAO DEL SUR, Davao CitCity,y, Mintal, New LooLoonn 7 744 53 53.39.39 2 20.640.64 7 CEBU, Alcoy, Nug-as 25 11.82 10.34 13 AGUSAN DEL SUR, San Francisco, Mt. Diwata 5 100.40 30.60 SURIGAO DEL SUR, Bislig CitCityy 49 56 56.67.67 30 30.57.57 SURIGAO DEL SUR, Bislig City, Maharlika 18 84.12 30.39 CEBU, Talisay City, Manipis, Juanay 21 72.93 17.00 NEGROS ORIENTAL, Mabinay, Bulwang 26 44.26 25.65 (':G1J:7V`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) " ; 1 5 8 8 SIQUIJOR, Maria, BoBogogo 35 2 28.478.47 11.4 11.477 CAR BENGUET, Acop, Tublay, Daclan 7 94.71 10.57 SIQUIJOR, Maria, Liloan, Umpas 29 18.38 16.71 BENGUET, Tuba, Sablan 8 71.25 10.41 1 ILOCOS NORTE, Batac, Payao (MMMSU-Batac) 50 39.32 25.41 8 LEYTE, Baybay City, Punta, Lawis 30 9.16 4.14 ILOCOS NORTE, Batac, San Mateo, Lubbot 48 20.68 21.07 LEYTE, Baybay, Kilim, Cienda 62 80.71 22.98 LEYTE, Mahaplag, Magsuganao 53 41.49 20.19 PANGASINAN, Mangatarem, Malabobo 75 39.66 32.88 SOUTHERN LEYTE, Silago, Imelda 62 49.75 23.10 (Manleluag Spring Protected Landscape) 9 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, ZamboanZamboangaga CitCity,y, Dulilan, 25 8 81.801.80 2 29.809.80 4-A BATANGAS, Logo, Sawang 76 47.87 10.97 Narra Outpost (Zamboanga City Water DistrictDistrict)) BATANGAS, San Juan, Imelda 67 24.22 12.45 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, 25 78.88 17.60 BATANGAS, San Juan, Laiya 50 31.90 13.18 Pasonanca (Pasonanca Park) QUEZON (Quezon Protected Landscape) 15 52.67 27.67 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, San 25 43.60 13.95 QUEZON, LucLucban,ban, PaPalolalola 59 3 36.626.62 7.9 7.900 Ramon (PCA Compound) QUEZON, Lucena City, Silangan, Mayao 20 93.00 2.40 1111 C COMPOSTELAOMPOSTELA VALLEY, Nabunturan 22 4 40.640.64 2 24.234.23 (Ouan's Worth Farm) D DAVAOAVAO DEL SURSUR,, Davao CitCity,y, MintaMintal,l, New Loon 53 2 27.257.25 22 22.02.02 QUEZON, Pagbilao, Malicboy 107 41.69 7.45 13 AGUSAN DEL NORTE, Butuan City, Mandakpan 50 28.14 17.86 4-B OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, Mamburao, San Luis, 29 21.66 15.30 SURIGAO DEL SUR, BisliBisligg CitCityy 50 4 46.846.84 21. 21.6868 Tagum 5 ALBAY, Guinobatan, Agpay 14 34.40 16.90 = $ 5 8 8
= Yellow rows indicate 1 8 = Yellow rows indicate 1 8
Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 29 $ 8 1 8 : $ 8 QJJ%VR888
Species Stem Ave. Ave. Species StemSpecies Stem Ave. Ave.Ave. Ave. 5?> $> 5?> 5?> $> $>
:%:`1J:V_%1V`QC1a) 36 10.52 15.10 44. Mamalis (1Q]Q`%I]VJ :JR`%I) 23 8.13 10.78 2. Akle (Albizia acle) 6 72.33 20.83 45. Mangga (Mangifera indica) 1 70.00 32.00 3. Akleng parang (Albizia procera) 13 36.59 32.14 46. Manggachapui (Hopea acuminata) 11 50.64 19.09 4. Almaciga (Agathis philippinensis) 32 18.69 16.95 47. Manggasinoro (Shorea assamica) 30 48.52 20.70 5. Almon (Shorea almon) 66 66.40 26.97 48. Mangium (Acacia mangium) 76 36.50 18.91 6. Apitong (1] V`QH:`]%$`:JR1Q`%) 9 32.33 17.33 49. Mangkono (Xanthostemon verdugonianus) 1 72.00 22.00 7. Bagalunga (Melia dubia) 25 43.60 13.95 50. Mayapis (Shorea palosapis) 120 38.71 17.34 8. Artocarpus spp. 3 45.33 21.26 51. Mindanao cinnamon (Cinnamomum mindanaense) 10 10.70 11.25 9. Bagras (Eucalyptus deglupta) 44 52.43 27.43 52. Mindoro Pine (1J%IV`@%11) 64 82.38 11.90 :`:.Q`V:I:C::JQJ:J) 23 72.80 28.03 53. Molave (1 V6]:`01Q`:) 273 51.47 16.80 11. Bakauan babae (Rhizophora mucronata) 41 11.26 9.16 54. Mountain agoho (Casuarina rumphiana) 32 22.57 20.61 Rhizophora stylosa) 50 14.94 6.64 55. Narek (Hopea cagayanensis) 4 28.25 11.50 13. Bakauan lalaki (Rhizophora apiculata) 48 12.62 10.63 56. Narig (:H:I:J$:H.:]Q1) 17 39.88 14.38 14. Batete (Kingiodendron alternifolium) 6 43.50 16.83 57. Narra ( V`QH:`]%1JR1H%) 245 46.52 17.19 15. Bitanghol (Calophyllum blancoi) 4 48.88 18.49 58. Nato (:C:_%1%IC% 30 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 31 $ 8 QJJ%VR888 $ 8 8 Species Stem Ave. Ave. 5?> $> 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> 84. White Lauan (Shorea contorta) 149 46.84 28.65 ^$ __ 85. Yakal (Shorea astylosa) 11 37.12 21.78 86. Yakal Kaliot (Hopea malibato) 1 73.00 17.00 Region CAR BENGUET, Acop, Tublay, Daclan Tuai 7 94.71 10.57 87. Yemane (Gmelina arborea) 240 37.18 23.30 BENGUET, Tuba, (Kennon Road) Tuai 7 92.71 16.43 BENGUET, Tuba, Sablan Tuai 8 71.25 10.41 = $ 5 8 8 " :" $ 8 8 $ 8 ! ` 1 8 Region 1 ILOCOS NORTE, Batac, Payao Narra 20 35.20 14.29 (MMMSU-Batac) Mahogany 17 39.53 31.53 ! ; : 8 5?> : 8 $> Yemane 13 45.38 34.54 1. ACANTHACEAE 25 10.46 5.15 2. ANACARDIACEAE 51 32.65 13.55 ILOCOS NORTE, Batac, Yemane 48 20.68 21.07 3. ARALIACEAE 15 34.05 18.31 San Mateo, Lubbot 4. ARAUCARIACEAE 32 18.69 16.95 5. BURSERACEAE 218 36.06 8.40 ` ILOCOS NORTE, Nueva Era, Poblacion Mahogany 25 36.08 24.52 6. AESALPINIACEAE 75 43.91 14.96 (%V0:3`:V`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) 7. CASUARINACEAE 90 23.93 17.62 8. COMBRETACEAE 36 30.04 11.88 ILOCOS NORTE, Pasuquin, Tadao Mangium 42 40.14 17.15 9. DIPTEROCARPACEAE 657 47.68 23.44 (Camp Site, PFDPIN) 10. EBENACEAE 2 95.00 29.00 11. EUPHORBIACEAE 22 85.55 12.38 ILOCOS NORTE, San Nicolas, Narra 5 9.80 23.80 12. FABACEAE 255 47.02 17.28 13. GUTTIFERAE 50 76.29 13.24 14. LAURACEAE 25 11.82 10.34 PANGASINAN, Mangatarem, Malabobo Mahogany 25 40.54 34.07 15. MELIACEAE 1,253 53.50 22.88 (Manleluag Spring Protected Landscape) Narra 20 36.54 30.91 16. MIMOSACEAE 402 33.02 19.15 Akleng Parang 13 36.59 32.14 17. MYRTACEAE 154 45.11 20.38 Palosapis 6 45.92 33.57 18. PINACEAE 64 82.38 11.90 White Lauan 4 43.53 35.00 19. PITTOSPORACEAE 23 8.13 10.78 20. POLYGONACEAE 10 18.62 30.20 Apitong 2 51.50 33.50 21. PROTEACEAE 1 21.50 12.00 Yakal 1 20.00 25.00 22. RHIZOPHORACEAE 169 12.36 7.94 Malapapaya 1 30.50 32.40 23. SAPINDACEAE 1 84.00 24.00 24. SAPOTACEAE 33 30.28 20.86 " $ 8 8 25. SONNERATIACEAE 50 10.08 9.21 26. STERCULIACEAE 14 28.84 29.43 Region 2 NUEVA VIZCAYA, Diadi, Bugnai Yemane 62 36.09 24.82 27. UNKNOWN 4 48.00 20.70 28. VERBENACEAE 617 45.20 18.64 NUEVA VIZCAYA, Diadi, San Luis Mahogany 428 40.52 22.95 Mayapis 84 29.10 14.24 = $ 5 8 8 Red Lauan 37 30.73 13.62 32 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 33 $ QJJ%VR888 $ QJJ%VR888 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> Manggasinoro 16 33.13 12.50 QUEZON, Pagbilao, Malicboy Mahogany 107 41.69 7.45 Narig 15 33.13 12.67 Palosapis 12 28.58 12.42 " R: $ 8 8 Tangile 12 28.42 12.92 White Lauan 9 29.67 13.33 Region 4-B OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, Mamburao, Narra 29 21.66 15.30 Apitong 7 26.86 12.71 San Luis, Tagum Manggachapui 5 28.00 12.40 Narek 4 28.25 11.50 OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, Mamburao, Mindoro Pine 31 33.13 10.67 Sta. Cruz OCCIDENTAL MINDORO, Sta. Cruz, Mindoro Pine 33 127.15 13.03 " $ 8 8 Tagbungan PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa City, Ipil 45 60.69 19.66 Region 3 NUEVA ECIJA, Carranglan, Puncan Narra 24 60.38 8.17 Sta. Monica, Bagumbayan PAMPANGA (Airforce City, Clark Field) Molave 14 222.79 19.64 PAMPANGA, Arayat, Banio, San Juan Molave 13 143.54 28.46 " R? $ 8 8 " $ 8 8 Region 5 ALBAY, Bacacay, Iraya (Mangrove Bakauan Babae 22 10.50 7.73 Experimental Forest) Bakauan Lalaki 19 13.00 7.37 Region 4-A BATANGAS, Logo, Sawang Philippine Teak 76 47.87 10.97 ALBAY, Guinobatan, Agpay Malapapaya 14 34.40 16.90 BATANGAS, San Juan, Imelda Molave 67 24.22 12.45 BATANGAS, San Juan, Laiya Dao 50 31.90 13.18 Bukan CAVITE, Ternate, Sapang, Malauyas CAMARINES SUR, Lupi, Napolidan Pili 49 24.88 7.76 Yemane 25 31.83 20.06 Mangium 5 28.98 22.94 CAMARINES SUR, Lupi, Napolidan Pili 133 34.56 7.03 QUEZON (Quezon Protected Kalantas 15 52.67 27.67 (Pili Clonal Orchard) Landscape) CAMARINES SUR, Ocampo, Gatbo Pili 36 56.83 14.31 QUEZON, Dolores, Kinabuhayan Mahogany 95 142.33 26.40 SORSOGON, Bulusan Mahogany 47 95.00 16.30 QUEZON, Lucban, Palola Narra 36 53.17 9.86 (Bulusan Volcano Natural Park) Mahogany 31 41.94 12.58 Ipil 23 10.72 4.83 SORSOGON, Prieto Diaz, Bakauan Bato 50 14.94 6.64 Diamante, Sabang Bangkau QUEZON, Lucena City, Silangan, Mayao Molave 20 93.00 2.40 (Ouan's Worth Farm) SORSOGON, Prieto Diaz, Perlas Bitaog 46 78.67 12.78 34 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 35 $ QJJ%VR888 $ QJJ%VR888 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> " $ 8 8 CEBU, Minglanilla, Camp 7 Mahogany 255 49.03 27.37 Region 6 AKLAN, Kalibo, New Buswang Bakauan Lalaki 29 12.38 12.76 Narra 29 54.24 23.66 Bakauan Babae 19 12.15 10.81 White Lauan 10 63.85 30.30 AKLAN, Malay, Nabaoy Mountain 32 22.57 20.61 Tangile 4 60.80 29.75 Agoho Mayapis 3 67.20 33.33 ANTIQUE, Tibiao, Tigbaboy Yemane 25 47.85 21.89 River Red Gum 3 39.03 16.67 GUIMARAS, Jordan, Espinosa, Cabaling Magtalisay 25 18.00 20.10 Palakpalak Thick Podded Salwood Timor White Gum 1 33.40 13.00 Swamp Mahogany 1 21.30 12.00 CEBU, Talisay City, Juanay River Red Gum 13 36.40 17.69 Palosanto 10 18.62 30.20 Timor White 10 35.89 17.30 Gum ILOILO, Lemery, San Jose Mamalis 23 8.13 10.78 Forest Oak 9 43.57 19.22 Graygum 8 37.29 17.63 ILOILO, Leon, Omambong Narra 34 28.94 17.08 Swamp 5 40.98 20.20 Mahogany ILOILO, Miag-ao (UPV) Rain Tree (Acacia) 30 28.98 12.93 Large-Fruited 5 38.24 18.40 Kamachile 30 14.38 7.40 Red Mahogany River Oak 3 35.63 16.67 Swamp She-Oak 2 28.50 16.00 Alangilan Beach Agoho Flooded Gum NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, Sagay City, Pagatpat 25 8.35 5.45 Fish Poison 2 39.85 18.50 Bulanon, Isla Perlas Bungalon 25 10.46 5.15 " $ 8 8 Beach Agoho Region 7 CEBU, Alcoy, Nug-as Kalingag 15 12.57 9.73 Mindanao 10 10.70 11.25 Thick Podded Cinnamon Salwood Rain Tree (Acacia) 1 39.50 18.00 36 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 37 $ QJJ%VR888 $ QJJ%VR888 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> Tiga 3 66.67 17.67 Silky Oak Manggasinoro 2 105.00 28.50 Bolong-Eta 2 95.00 29.00 Malugay Liitan 1 84.00 24.00 CEBU, Talisay City, Manipis, Juanay River Red Gum 7 70.21 17.43 Kalumpit 1 85.00 26.00 Forest Oak 5 82.20 17.00 Batete 1 86.00 22.00 Graygum 4 82.25 19.00 Timor White Gum 2 45.50 13.00 Yakal Kaliot 1 73.00 17.00 Tindalo 1 55.00 25.00 Thick Podded Dungon 1 50.00 16.00 Salwood Mangkono 1 72.00 22.00 Fish Poison 1 76.50 17.00 Mayapis 1 120.00 24.00 Large-Fruited 1 70.00 15.00 Region 8 LEYTE, Mahaplag, Magsuganao Tangile 13 39.29 19.55 Red Mahogany Almon 11 40.72 20.02 Mayapis 10 40.65 21.09 NEGROS ORIENTAL, Mabinay, Bulwang Yemane 26 44.26 25.65 Tiga 7 50.69 22.48 (':G1J:7V`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) Batete 5 35.00 15.80 SIQUIJOR, Maria, Bogo Talisai-Gubat 35 28.47 11.47 Malabayabas 3 43.60 21.00 Molave 31 45.95 15.85 Bago Nangka 3 45.33 21.26 Red Lauan 1 37.20 21.85 SIQUIJOR, Maria, Liloan, Umpas Molave 29 18.38 16.71 SOUTHERN LEYTE, Silago, Imelda Almon 18 55.72 25.01 Mayapis 12 51.02 21.64 Red Lauan 12 51.33 24.25 " $ 8 8 Yakal 10 38.83 21.46 White Lauan 6 44.92 23.83 Region 8 EASTERN SAMAR, Quinapondan, Mahogany 95 43.24 23.43 Bitanghol 4 48.88 18.49 Buenavista " $ 8 8 LEYTE, Baybay City, Punta, Lawis Tangal 30 9.16 4.14 Region 9 ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE, Dipolog City, Mahogany 10 63.30 20.75 LEYTE, Baybay, Kilim, Cienda Tangile 19 94.11 22.00 Cogon (Q$QJV`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) Red Lauan 6 89.33 24.00 ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE, Sergio Tiaong 1 90.00 24.00 Manggachapui 6 69.50 24.67 White Lauan 5 70.40 23.80 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Tukuran, Baclay Yemane 2 41.00 16.00 ( :HC:7V`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) Mahogany 2 54.00 16.50 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 39 $ QJJ%VR888 $ QJJ%VR888 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 9 :$ ; ^" 5 * 5 : 8 : 8 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> 4 5 ? 5 ; 5?> $> ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, Almon 22 94.34 30.02 BUKIDNON, Impasugong, Impalutao Mahogany 50 53.69 30.94 Dulilan, Narra Outpost (Zamboanga City Tangile 14 84.54 27.64 (-I]:C% :QV`Q`V :QJ`Q=VH ) White Lauan 46 51.64 36.43 Mayapis 9 81.17 28.33 Yakal Saplungan Tiaong 2 85.00 33.00 Tangile 30 36.86 32.08 Almon 10 68.25 33.68 Narig 2 90.50 27.25 BUKIDNON, Kitaotao, East Poblacion Molave 88 37.69 21.35 Mangga 1 70.00 32.00 White Lauan 1 55.00 22.00 " $ 8 8 Dungon 1 80.00 27.00 Region 11 COMPOSTELA VALLEY, Nabunturan Yemane 25 56.40 20.88 Bagras 22 40.64 24.23 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, Narra 25 78.88 17.60 DAVAO DEL SUR, Davao City, Mintal, White Lauan 47 27.70 22.19 Pasonanca, (Pasonanca Park) New Loon Teak 28 45.64 17.39 Narra 23 60.57 21.17 ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, Bagalunga 25 43.60 13.95 Mahogany 23 55.65 24.04 San Ramon, (PCA Compound) Almon 4 24.75 21.00 Manggasinoro 2 21.50 20.00 Upper Baluno, (Baluno Natural Park) White Lauan 1 90.00 30.00 " $ 8 8 Tangile 1 120.00 35.00 Almon 1 75.00 28.00 Mayapis 1 130.00 35.00 Mandakpan Moluccan Sau ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR, Zamboanga City, Yemane 4 43.25 21.25 AGUSAN DEL SUR, San Francisco, Bagras 5 100.40 30.60 :C%JQV`Q`V :QJ Upper Baluno, ( Mahogany 3 54.33 23.67 Mt. Diwata, `Q=VH ) Moluccan ZAMBOANGA SIBUGAY, Buug, Tangile 4 95.00 27.50 Sau Bagras 17 53.59 30.65 " $ 8 8 SURIGAO DEL SUR, Bislig City, Maharlika Manggasinoro 10 67.26 32.40 White Lauan 8 105.19 27.88 Region 10 BUKIDNON, Impasugong, White Lauan 12 51.18 36.92 -I]:C% :QV`Q`V :QJ (CEDAR, formerly Akle 6 72.33 20.83 " $ 8 8 `Q=VH ) = $ 5 8 8 BUKIDNON, Impasugong, Impalutao, Almaciga 32 18.69 16.95 (CEDAR, formerly -I]:C% :QV`Q`V :QJ) `Q=VH ) 40 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 41 `Q VH VR`V::JR$1QR10V`1 7 State of the Art he Philippines is one of the 18 megabiodiverse countries ^ R _ of being the only country in the make up two-thirds of the earth’s bio- diversity. The country is also known because of its strong regulatory as one of the biodiversity hotspots system for transgenic crops. where biological diversity is under constant threat due to unsustainable The spread of invasive alien species (IAS) such as animals, plants, in- sects, bacteria, viruses, and other life forms is now considered as Biological Diversity (CBD), the one of the greatest threats to the Philippines upholds its commitment biosecurity of Philippine ecosystems Cluster of8:R%JH%I ` 4 8 to conserve biological diversity, $ 8 promote sustainable use of natural > R ` ` 4 8 5 Camarines Sur derived from the use of biological resources. a more encompassing term that requires Protected areas (PAs) and biodiversity two mutually exclusive but complimentary A wide area of RDE has been done by the are inextricably linked. Globally, the governments, economic, and public sec- DENR between 2007-2010 in the country’s concept of PAs is viewed as an in situ tors. Both biosafety and biosecurity requirements to protect human health imply a guarantee against threats to the served as basis for sound management. to protect biodiversity. The - 2 H and the environment from the possible environment or biological diversity and (RA 7586) provides the legal basis for human health from sources which are purely Research study on migratory water the establishment and management biological in origin and which are directed to of protected areas in the Philippines. biological processes. Other than the CBD, the management of organisms (GMOs). Being a signatory to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB), the Ecotourism, as one of the many variances of biological diversity are also part of the Philippines agrees to ensure an adequate of sustainable tourism, gives importance to Habitat and the Candaba swamps in 2009 considering that Philippines is part of East Philippine Government such as the Ramsar Asian Australasian Flyway. The primary modern technology that may have adverse landscape and their biological resources. record of 14 million small and large farmers Ecotourism has consistently contributed explaining climate change phenomenon. Nature and Natural Resources. As a party crops in 124 million hectares, which 2007, tourist arrivals reached the three- Biodiversity assessment of main Pasig River agreements, the Philippines supports all the represents a 7 percent increase or 9 million million mark or 3.09 million visitors, which was conducted in 2008-2009. The study hectares over 2008 (James, C., 2009). Of the generated a foreign exchange receipt of showed that the Pasig River is not at all the country’s biodiversity resources within US$ 4.885 billion. In 2008, this grew by 1.53% with 3.14 million visitors. In spite of 11th among the biotech mega countries for sound management. growing 50,000 hectares or more with confronted with many problems, one of also frequented by migratory birds that feed of biological diversity has brought to fore compared to 0.2 million hectares in 2006. It 42 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 43 To address the con- to promote biosafety and biosecurity - related concerns, linkaging with other conducted on the government and nongovernment agencies establishment and management of researchers including members of DENR gene bank of eco- nomically useful en- dangered forest tree species. Assessment Visitors await for their turn to bath in one of the bathing of peatlands was as follows: 5 5 5 # < 4 1 1 1 ` of the Philippine’s commitment to ASEAN 1 8 Philippine Independence Park in Kawit, Cavite for ecotourism development and Island in Iloilo (Marquez et al, 2010). The Research conducted by the DENR-ERDB in 2006 to assess the impacts of GMOs conduct of Environmental Risk Assessment assistance from the DOST-Philippine management plans for each protected area. on the environment and biodiversity was and Monitoring of Plants Derived from the Council for Agriculture, Forestry and limited only to herbicide-tolerant corn. Use of Modern Biotechnology for Release Natural Resources Research and Tourism carrying capacity assessments have The technology suitably compares with into the Environment consistent with DA’s Development (PCARRD) and the local been completed in Boracay Island (Calanog government of Kawit (Calanog et al, et al, 2009) as well as in Puerto Princesa associated with non-GM counterparts and of a post-commercial monitoring scheme employing farmer-survey instruments to (Calderon, et al, 2010). Both assessments terms of weeds and avian diversity in GM assess socioeconomic impacts of GMOs is found out that carrying capacity in both also being done. However, the fast rate of sites has not been exceeded yet. However, 3 years of close monitoring (2006-2008) is GMO development and the inherent nature Sites in Mt. Banahaw-San Cristobal in the case of Boracay, this will be exceeded of farmers to test new crop brands limit the on biodiversity. level of smallholder farmers. As a followup study, ERDB embarked Forest Reserve as Ecotourism Site for on a program to promote biosafety and To address biosecurity concerns, an IAS data biosecurity focusing on the environmental Philippines. impact assessment of GMOs and Among others, it was found out that program contributed science-based ecotourism is feasible in MBSCPL. To have environment and natural resources. While a sustainable ecotourism enterprise in the a list of IAS occurring in the Philippines can area, a management plan was prepared and there is an urgent need to validate their Areas Management Board (PAMB). of their economic importance and ecological Also, under the ecotourism banner program Cave entrance to St. Paul Subterranean River in Puerto of ERDB, assessments were made in Olango * " ; * @8 DOH Joint AO was also prepared on the Island in Cebu (Colis et al, 2010) and Taklong 44 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 45 very soon, while for PPSRNP, the capacity The risk that GMOs may invade natural disguised as sustainable, nature-based, will be surpassed by year 2018. Strategies habitats and cause environmental and environmentally friendly ecotourism is were recommended on how to increase the problems have been put forward since increasing. Ecotourism, especially recently, carrying capacity of both sites. the start of biotech farming. The debate on GMOs is highly polarized. Many types Studies were also conducted on ecotourism About 25 percent of mammal species of ecological hazard caused by GM crops carrying capacity assessment of the various and about 20 percent of bird species are has been listed such as: 1) direct invasion of nonrenewable energy sources and the Park (Costales et al, climate change (IPCC, 2007). There is a high The conversion of natural land to tourist Protected Landscape(Simeon et al, et al, more adapted to a new climate, will move important issues and concerns relevant to Sibuyan Island(De Sagun et al, in and displace indigenous and endemic species which is a biosecurity issue. The Kanlaon Natural Park (Peñaranda et al, threats from IAS are also global in scope that with the opportunity for a gainful enterprise threatens biodiversity in its various spheres processes. However, other groups suggest since most forms of ecotourism are owned et al, 2008), Apo Island Protected Landscape and Seascape (Colis et al Libertad Protected Landscape and Seascape change in three principal ways, namely: 1) permanent savings in carbon dioxide Hibokhibok Natural Range Monument (Alvez et al, 2009), Toyozu Mountain Resort- Mainit Hotspring Protected Landscape associated with less or no ploughing using (Balmocena et al, 2009), Mt. Apo Natural Park (Balmocena et al, Area in Mt. Matutum Protected Landscape Gaps and Challenges (Arnoco et al, has taken many forms such as those borne Ecotourism Development (Sapid et al, 2009). for fossil fuel and help recycle and sequester The following are some gaps and challenges fuel (Stern. 2006). that need to be addressed: The study on Lamao Forest Reserve was luggages, and traded animals. Others include conducted to assess the suitability of the The EO 514 (:QJ:C 1Q:`V 7`:IV1Q`@) 1. Improving access to relevant, up-to- area as ecotourism site with emphasis on zoos, botanical gardens, aquaculture, and gives DENR the mandate to ensure that aquarium purposes and research purposes environmental impact studies are done prior and issues relevant to the needs of to the release of GMOs to the environment. or contained rearing which subsequently escaped into the natural environment. to be felt, post commercial monitoring of commercially propagated GM crops is 578 (:QJ:CQC1H7QJ 1QCQ$1H:C10V`1 7), deemed indispensable. 3. Capacity-building to improve decision- Issues and Concerns the target is to come up with guidelines on making to address issues related to While ecotourism has been vigorously and PHES on the endemic and indigenous technologies in the environment vis-à- focused on the most urgent, high priority species in the country. What is needed is a uniform standards for risk referencing. public controversy and concern because of green washing. A trend towards the 46 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 47 Coastal and Marine 3. Surveillance of wildlife and its habitat State of the Art ^ R _ 4. Carrying capacity assessment of se- the coastal and marine resources are a development of sustainable ecotourism strategies to enhance the value of The Philippine government has been protected areas and guide future manage and conserve the country’s coastal 5 Laguna Lake and Pasig River PAs and development of sustainable resources. The coastal resources of the : ecosystem. Agricultural crops were planted at the dikes and surroundings. Mean annual carrying capacity assessment of PAs and ignorance, apathy, and lack of concern on the important or key biodiversity sites for 7. Management strategies for economically - ing strategy to enhance awareness and endangered species and fragile ecosys- commitment of stakeholders including coastal ecosystems (Jackson et al, 2001 stocking. as cited by Alcala and Russ, 2002). The and management of PAs and biodiversity. grams on threatened species and fragile ecosystems such as wetlands, peatlands, ruminants farming contributes to great- only a negible area of these reefs in good for conserving biodiversity. The impacts of climate change now give the PAs a renewed of the original seagrass beds has also been lost. The region’s mangrove forest has been climate. reduced to about 14,000 hectares, the bulk mangrove swamp enhanced biodiversity Researchable Areas awareness and stakeholder’s capacity established in the late 80s. Original building in PA management and bio- mangrove stands are now very limited. In line with the ENR RDE Framework for 2011-2016, the following priority programs and researchable areas that need to be Baconguis, 2009). undertaken include the following: few years (2005-2009) in the Philippines are the following: standards, and indicators at the species completed in April 2010 to determine and ecosystems level with emphasis tem was piloted in Puerto Galera, on rare, threatened, and endangered Oriental Mindoro in a degraded developments and develop a carrying- mangrove swamp formerly planted to capacity model appropriate to the V`8 QII8 2. Development of standards for risk rice with some nipa palms (Baconguis site (Villamor, L. 2010). et al An assessment of mud crab livelihood established at the center of the pond. Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 49 conducted to determine its viability and the impacts of climate change. The study sites et al, 2006). are located in the coastal areas of Albay and Sorsogon in Bicol region, Catarman, Samar and Kandelia for Ceriops tagal was studied. It aims to candel (Palis, 2009) was conducted to study was also implemented in the coral reefs develop the most appropriate method determine the ecological requirements of Davao seas. of the species in their natural habitat. It also was able to determine the nursery Issues and Concerns (Palis, H. V`8QII8 2006). K. candel, a new reported mangrove species in the The primary issues and concerns involving the et al (2005) in their study on coastal and marine resources sector include: in Baler, Aurora. 9 ? M ^9? _8 For the year 2010, the DENR research sector marine habitat aware of the Coastal Environment to coastal marine ecosystem. A mangrove This is primarily due to pressures exerted respondents (93 percent) said that there nipa-crab farming technology showcased the was an improvement in the mangrove use of nipa mangrove areas for sustainable environment. They also indicated that coastal resources beyond sustainable limits. it helped in making their livelihood successful. Calanog et al (2009) made forests, coral reefs, and seagrass ecosystems. coastal and marine areas have been made but a prefeasibility study on mangrove water quality, declining biodiversity, decrease longer relevant with its current state. Some nent for the Philippine Independence of these areas of concern are: inadequate Park in Kawit, Cavite. The study aimed exposure of shoreline and foreshore areas to capacity of the LGUs to implement coastal the mangrove area and determine the Metro Manila was also implemented to come et al (2009) conducted coastal resources vulnerability assessment of the Las city with CRM plans. This is singled out as one of the main (d) Inadequate or absence of science-based vulnerability and develop a management oil-contaminated areas in Region 6. This has a direct bearing on economic plan for the area. The habitat now serves as a sanctuary of many bird species coastal and marine habitat in many ways. As poverty prompted people to engage in (2009) conducted assessment of the carrying-capacity of Agutayan Island, climate change-related studies in the coastal has profound impact in coastal and ma- Jasaan, Misamis Oriental for sustainable rine habitats. Absence and inadequate vity are: picnicking, swimming, and are also public health issues as houses however, can become an issue as these are scuba diving. The carrying-capacity of the island is 100 visitors per day while the ENR. Similarly, to reduce and neutralize 50 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 51 J01`QJIVJ natural disaster impacts on built-up areas in Researchable Areas ` : ^ R _ systems have to be strengthened. 1. Resource assessment of coastal and n the process of development, urban marine areas Hence, it has very high economic, marine areas in these areas for employment and improve- ment of socioeconomic status. Build up coastal zones 6. Early warning system (EWS) in vulnerable increase. Metro Manila has about a million coastal areas tons of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon 8. IEC advocacy dioxide (CO2) daily into the air aside from the noise of engines and horns. The 8 million Reduced spaces for urban greenery due to highly commuters who use up space and produce 1 ` 8 Newly completed rockwalls constructed in Sibonga, Cebu 8 Another is metropolitan Cebu. It is crowded as Metro Manila with its more than 18,000 registered business establishments (DENR, diseases including acute and chronic 1990). diseases. In the 20th century, the ever-increasing Metro Manila placed greater pressure on 2,000 premature deaths and 9,000 cases the environment. There are about 15,000 largest urban areas annually (Reyes, 2007). percent of these is located in Metro Manila. each year in Metropolitan Manila due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases from exposure to poor air quality, account for “12 invariably results in high per capita con- percent of all deaths in the metropolis, the highest in any urban area in the country” demand in natural resources, yielding a host (Kalikasan, 2009). Poor air quality from of environmental problems (ESCAP, 1990). Urban environmental problems in the all reported disease cases and four percent of all reported deaths in the country. The impact on the economy from health disease cases and nearly 6.1 percent of survey reveals that ¾ of all commercial 4 5 5 8 medical expenditures (Kalikasan, 2009). 52 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 53 while motor vehicles accounted as the most a key transport route. The Clean Water Act, number of pollutants. passed in March 2004, gives more right to in- dustries to pollute under the “polluters pay” year. This has led to saltwater intrusion into principle and through discharge permits. The a two-kilometer coastal strip from Cavite to Mining Act of 1995 also gives water rights to Navotas-Malabon (DENR-MEIP 1992 as cited by World Bank 2000). dump or discharge their wastes into the wa- ters. standards while 60 percent of groundwater Almost 7 percent of Metro Manila (about sources are depleted and contaminated with coliform bacteria. is improving, 90 percent of sewage is not treated and is disposed of in an because of poor drainage system. In river $ ` ` @ eventually its way into the rivers, esteros, systems, easement of encroachment is a 1 1 ` _ 8 and agribusiness sources in inland water and drainage canals. Less than 10 percent of common problem. This is aggravated by the to sewers and others rarely maintain establishments along riverbanks. Strong These prevailing problems in urban ecosys- tem contribute in the so-called global warm- about by inclement weather exacerbates ing phenomenon or climate change. Hence, systems. As of 2005, 34 bodies of water (28 An average Filipino generates 35 grams to rivers, 3 bays, 1 strait, 1 pass, and 1 lake) in geared towards the improvement of the The presence of persistent organic pollutants quality of air, water, and land. Metro Manila alone 6,169 tons of wastes are (POPs) pose health risk on human beings tailings and wastes. generated every day (Reyes 2007), which is and the environment. Humans are exposed At present, there were only nine research The Marilao River in Bulacan which is among From the total volume of trash generated, other toxic by-products from the emissions conducted by ERDB and ERDS. the sources of drinking and agricultural water 1,500 tons daily is dumped illegally on of incinerators, from hospital and municipal supplies for 25,000 people was given the private lands, rivers, creeks, and the Manila Air Quality Bay, while other wastes are openly burned. and cement plants (EMB-DENR undated). In Rodriguez and Payatas waste sites, 76 Exposure to these can cause cancer and To improve air quality, ERDB implemented kilograms of arsenic is released annually into tumor and other diseases. Development of Guidelines water bodies surrounding Metro Manila. A and Criteria for Successful Earthballing, Before anyone realizes it, urban centers have `:J]Q`J$:JR `:J]C:JJ$Q` `VV. The already choked up because of pollutants largest lead smelter in the Philippines, and spewed by factories, fumes, and toxic gasses numerous municipal dumpsites. dumping. Leachate emanates from bacterial into the air, and chemical pollutants into the developments. The guideline is about earth- Similarly, Laguna de Bay, one of Southeast metropolis exacerbates an already stressed Asia’s largest freshwater lakes, could become live trees. Trees, shrubs, and other forms of biologically dead in a few years if dumping do- sidewalks, canals, and estuarines become - are nature’s own way of minimizing and ed. The lake produces about a third of Metro groundwater also pose a serious problem. various sources. All these pose immediate Since 1995, the groundwater table in Metro 54 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 55 replaced with uncontaminated one, then, in the new soil. Similarly, DENR-Region VI also implemented in Guimaras and Iloilo. This was funded by was able to establish mangrove nurseries @ ^inset photo_ @ * " ` 1 _ 8 * ` (above photo_ @ 4 " 1 1 1 8 1 ` Issues and Concerns contributes to poor water quality. The newly approved DENR-RBCO- The urban ecosystem is beset with water, air, open burning of wastes contributes to air in heavily polluted zones in Metro Manila management, greening problems, poverty is also eminent in highly urbanized areas. plants e.g., water hyacinth, duckweed, and kangkong to absorb organic substances Solid wastes also clog drainage system and heavy metals in the highly polluted by fumes and toxic gasses coming from Marilao River. factories and the many transport vehicles greening areas. Results revealed that acidity in the urban that run on fuel. $ levels (pH 5.5 and below) compared to the of green spaces and could result in open unpolluted areas. Seventy percent (70%) of On 17 December 2005, NAPOCOR Q1V` unvegetated spaces causing great loss of Barge 106 biodiversity in urban ecosystem. due to acid rain. Anatomical assessment is tugboat and was forced to moor around metropolis dead. morphological structures observed. spill incident was very tragic because it ecosystem and can also alter the hydrology # of coasts and their natural features such as mangroves, swamps, reefs and beaches water, mined-out areas, and solid wastes. that form important habitat for species seeped down into the sediment layers of and serve as barriers to erosion and strong the coastline killing thousands of mangroves waves. biocontrol bacteria isolated from Marilao and other marine life. and Lapad Rivers in Bulacan are being is also occurrence and increase in water DENR-Region VI conducted in November 2009 a mangrove species trial with soil to poor sewage and solid waste manage- Whereas, a wetland water treatment system further stress the environment. case, the oil -contaminated soil was dug and contaminates bodies of water while 56 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 57 Mines Research Gaps ` : ^ R _ o address the current needs of mining streams instead of using chemicals and mangium, rain tree, and falcataria were the environment and to have clean and among the chosen priority species whose and 3HQCQ$1H:C V Q`:QJ Q` ':`$1J:C Researchable Areas and Degraded Landscapes and Seascapes Open areas, roads, highways, parks and (2007-2010). ERBD has made available R & technologies in urban greening. 3) Policy study on water quality standards measures in a compendium and manual for quick reference and microorganisms for phyto and of stakeholders. 5) Assessment of GHG emissions To verify applicability of mining 6) Policy studies on air quality standards important tools for planning and decision- to improve air quality gold-copper ore mining areas sets and present them clearly and concisely centers in a variety of ways. varying coverage for each of these regions with Region including toxic and hazardous waste 6 covering mine tailings at gases (GHGs) in dumpsite and other solid 11) Socioeconomic analysis of livelihood Maricalum Mining Company, Region 13 on mine waste dump hazardous waste of Manila Mining Company, tremendously reduce GHGs in dumpsites and abandoned waste dump that contribute to global warming. in Region 4B (Mogpog, Marinduque), and mined- will be realized. out areas of Carmen Copper Several packages of techno- logies were pilot-tested to develop the protocol on reha- mined-out, mine waste areas, and mine-tailings. Ecological bioengineering measures were tested. ; T 5 5 ` 8 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 59 Tested were various tree, shrub, cover crop In the course of the study, certain bird species started to nest in the top three best performing constraints. Chestnut munnia seems to prefer agoho strategies were: dove (or “tokmo”) nests with hatchlings were development for mine tailing areas were A) For Mine waste dumps - Mangium, auri, observed in several bani trees. The presence implemented by ERDB, ERDS-Region 8 and and falcataria Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) to of faunal biodiversity enhancement in the covered hydrologic, socioeconomic, and cover of the species under study. were forest species i.e., narra, agoho del ` < R terms of survival. ^inset_ before seedlings are outplanted. forest soil, lime, inorganic, organic, and friendly technologies to all outplanted size was 0.5 foot X 1.0 foot depth. Field seedlings improved growth ; ` $ @ 8 performance. 4 1 ` ` R Manila Mining Company, Placer, Surigao Del Norte. 3. Periodic pH monitoring for liming B) For mine tailing areas (Maricalum hasten increase of ground cover and Mining Company, Sipalay City, and improve microclimate Negros Occidental) 4. Bioengineering measures using various materials of check dams as barrier. Only a few schemes have been tested or demonstrated during 1 ` ? The research sector was commissioned by DENR to conduct the study, An analysis of the Environment and Natural Resources Management (ENRM) V0QC0VR %JHQJ to the Local Government Units in 2008 to capability, and preparedness of LGUs to Agoho ( :%:`1J:V_%1V`QC1:_5 ` ; R ` > R performers in terms of height, diameter, and biomass mani” (inset_5 5 1 8 one of which is on mineral development. recommended for mine tailing areas. @ ` < 8 60 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 61 compounded the problem on unregulated Researchable Areas mining areas. Issues and Concerns owned by the government 2. Assessment of small-scale mining mostly in the gold-copper abandoned mine 4. Feasibility studies mining. While the regulatory aspect various mined-out areas, mine waste sites, 6. Gender mainstreaming is a need to test and verify these technologies structural aspect of the mining industry to in more pilot areas. 8. Manpower needs With limited resources to support R & management of the environment between the government and the mining industry. Gaps and Challenges Slope failure and landsliding are main study to address proper engineering of mine tailing causeway, mangrove areas, rivers, and water bodies of the damaged watersheds. Studies on socioeconomic and to unregulated issuance of small-scale schemes should be part of the 2011-2016 degrade the environment. Where the regulatory controls devolved to LGU for importance of these studies ascertain to widespread mismanagement of the plans. Their importance therefore account There is a need for more coastal geohazards and responsibility between the LGUs and climate change programs. Data and maps rights issue between large-scale miners showing coastal areas vulnerable to coastal and small-scale miners. This prevailing milieu pits the environment to adverse 62 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 63 Water Resources Lands including Freshwater State of the Art RDB assessed the impacts of the There are a number of concerns over tenurial ` : ^ R _ Limited but meaningful studies were 7:JRQ$ 1 %CQ `Q$`:I (HTP) land instruments in lieu of command and control ^ R _ - concerns during the period. In terms of - strategies for expired and cancelled leases. he Philippines is endowed with management of hazards, the research sector abundant water. The country’s implemented the program, Vulnerability those covered by the Comprehensive Agrarian Gaps and Challenges annual rainfall is about 2,400 Assessment of Selected Characterized V`Q`I`Q$`:I (CARP). The results of the as- millimeters of which 1,000 millimeters to Watersheds sessment were used as inputs to improve the to address the hazards occurring in the by a natural topography of more than 421 watershed so that appropriate programs can principal river basins, some 59 natural In support to the Land Management Bureau lakes, and numerous small streams. It has the disasters. The results of the assessment (LMB), a research study to determine the agency. Currently, the system of classifying an extensive groundwater reservoir with lands either as alienable or disposable does an aggregate area of about 50,000 square watershed management plan. These can of public lands was conducted. A bigger and long-term R & D program was prepared in need to go into the deeper analysis and policy but not enough in highly populated areas plans. By the middle of 2010, about 43 during dry season and an excess amount watersheds were completely assessed as to their vulnerability to natural and 2016. many parts of the country. anthropogenic hazards. Issues and Concerns The water resources RDE concern covers In response to the possible impacts of water as a resource and freshwater Impacts the government. Biophysical studies for ecosystem which provide various goods of Climate Change on the Extent and orders replaces most of the outdated land and services. It is anchored on the idea Magnitude of Flooding and Landslides in that providing sustainable water and Selected Watersheds was started in Mag- other services to the people would be asawang-Tubig-Baco-Bucayao River Basin new policy guidelines, there is a need to of the commodity, the watersheds, is There is a need to verify if improvements downstream areas during the last decade. are addressed to minimize the overly Factors that contribute to the increase in research and development concerns on of alienable and disposable lands and water. These include: a) economic pricing socioeconomic assessment on impact of land of raw water to ensure sustainability climate, infrastructures, and others are being analyzed. (2) environmental concerns, (3) technical As its response to address water crisis and and penalty systems, and (6) research and Researchable Areas support the disaster risk management policy. program of the government, ERDB entered into an agreement with the Watershed 3) Review of policies for foreshore area the establishment of hydrometeorological management 5) Technology transfer of LAMP technologies resources development. 64 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 65 maps were presented to the LGUs so they and involvement of women is largely watersheds. These are: program, C1I: V .:J$V '1$:QJ was measures. living in the area. a) Buhi-Barit watershed - Buhi, Camarines Sur in selected regions of the country. A short-term study of the main Pasig b) Tiwi watershed - Albay c) Caliraya-Lumot watershed - Laguna Freshwater d) Makiling-Banahaw geothermal reser- supports a number of endemic species of in selected sites. Assessment of the The freshwater ecosystems encompass e) Angat watershed - Bulacan f) Ambuklao watershed - Benguet and river systems in Laguna has shown that water resources for drinking, agriculture, Mountain Province is not at all biologically dead though the g) Binga watershed - Benguet Province These include lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, h) San Roque watershed - Pangasinan reservoirs, wetlands, and groundwater. polluted environment as evidenced by the i) Magat watershed - Nueva Viscaya, and livestock is a phenomenon closely Approximately 78 lakes, 421 rivers and Ifugao, Isabela associated with indiscriminate materials The Pasig River represents a typical complex freshwater ecosystems that requires k) Pulangui watershed - Bukidnon approach to river ecosystem assessment ecosystems. Included are numerous bays, l) Lake Lanao-Agus River watershed - for the period. Research on water pricing of Laguna de Bay has paved the way for the the list (Sinha and Heaney, 2006). These tributaries, psychosocial dimension, and use of the lake as a life support system. geohazard mapping in the Philippines which was spearheaded by MGB and NAMRIA of DENR. The geohazard mapping capacity of lakes such as Danao, Sebu, A feasiblity study on the use of small of groundwater resources has been gallery forest catchment for community an increasing problem in most urban ecosystems health come from both within This excludes the medicinal plants (about 43 species) that can be harvested from and regional management approaches may the area and enhanced biodiversity be necessary, depending on the unique (recorded 53 species of birds and 6 species and insect control by pollinators and development in quarrying showed equal A pilot clean culture of tulla in streams and diversion ponds indicates a good and tulla in Panganiban, Camarines Norte, only men Laguna lake is already contaminated and ? R? " 4 1 8 66 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 67 The development of appropriate and how to reduce risks associated with climate change. also undertaken by way of laboratory an utmost concern. The Philippines has residents are of crucial importance. abundant but mostly untapped water of freshwater ecosystems is caused isolated from Marilao River which is Socioeconomic issues are seen in terms of rivers goes to the sea untapped leaving originates from within and outside the most polluted river in the Philippines. A most areas with limited available water watershed. Research which determines the rest of the year. the best land uses and carrying capacity a common sight in surrounding freshwater bodies. In Laguna lake, for instance, it is through the study of its bioecology. manage the freshwater ecosystem. Issues and Concerns Freshwater Most of the watersheds in the country therefore considered “hydrologically originate from within the watershed such issues are seen in terms of low awareness and knowledge of environmental laws at water resources management hinges largely Maintaining the quality of water ecosystems, and changes in land use. An the community level and the observed on the three main issues and concerns: according to its intended uses and increasing number of threats result from outside factors such as invasive alien species solid and liquid waste disposal, upland and climate change and atmospherically urban centers, water availability is deposited toxic substances. Poor becoming a serious problem. The deter- priority concern in most of the regions resource industries such as mining and in the country. of the country’s freshwater ecosystems. of downstream water courses and aquifers. As a complex ecosystem which does not change. Issues on climate change in occurrences have caused accelerated and, in many cases, irreparable losses of freshwater species which is further aggravated by integrated RDE. on the absence and lack of science- Researchable Areas The common management issues in freshwater ecosystems can be broadly For the year 2011-2016, the research sector the changes brought about by climate categorized into: on biophysical elements of the ENR and water resources management func- to reduce and neutralize natural disaster impacts on built-up areas, monitoring ` " 9 to be strengthened. This also includes 1 8 massive capacity-building to enhance human and animal wastes accompanied by 2. Water pricing. This program covers the and improve awareness on the impacts Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 69 &VH.JQCQ$7&`:J`V`:JR QIIV`H1:C1<:QJ ` : ^ R _ 3 VH.JQG%CCVJ to raise public awareness and interest on echnology transfer systems and ENR research and technologies. 3. Improvement of riparian areas supply- procedures were enhanced to bring about the usefulness and impact of ENR technologies. Where appropriate, new procedures were formulated and tested. with LGUs. Clientele in the regions were given need-based trainings as well as IEC materials. 5. Groundwater assessment and monitor- transfer program, :QJ:C -J`Q`I:QJ5 3R%H:QJ :JR QII%J1H:QJ (IEC) and technologies to gather feedback on the :]:H1 7 3J.:JHVIVJ `Q$`:I. ERDB usefulness. includes assessment of indigenous Program implementers. to reach a wider range of audience. in 2005 for transfer, - eight were pro- tion for exhibits moted through the 8. Baseline data on climate change im- showing the ENR `QIQQJ technologies pro- of ENR Technologies moted by the Re- which was a 9. Vulnerability assessment of freshwater search Sector. component of the :QJ:C -3 :JJV``Q$`:I. The 10. Carrying capacity of water bodies. clients’ (i.e., LGUs, peoples’ and pri- most requested technology was from agricultural wastes, followed by technology. "5? " * 5 With respect to Technology Assessment ? ! " 5 8 `QHVR%`V (TAP), the PCARRD guidelines malapapaya (QC7H1: JQRQ:) and the 70 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 71 issued. conducted the assessment, the PCARRD TAP stocks for indigenous forest species were Sylvatrop, The the ENR Research Sector. Technical Journal of Philippine Ecosystems One of the current and urgent concerns In 2008, the 3 was formulated and government agencies. Provision of technical is transferring technology pertaining to a corresponding ERDB Memorandum Order on Ecosystems RDE. DENR bureaus and dated 14 August 2008 was issued. To come up with appropriate guidelines :JQ]7 -J V`J:QJ:C Memorandum Order on technical assistance and procedures on the transfer of ENR dated 16 November 2007, Series of 2007. will be available at a later stage. technologies, the program, V V`I1J:QJ the research sector by publishing highlights of Appropriate Extension Strategies for ENR and procedure for provision of technical Issues and Concerns Technologies was implemented. The ERDB readers’ feedback and usefulness of assistance to clientele. TAP was applied to assess technologies in Based on the past experiences, there is a In 2010, the technology transfer group, need to strengthen technology transfer determine the usefulness of Sylvatrop, through the Technology Development procedure and process from the technology mamalis in Region 10, pagatpat in Region Canopy, RISE, and DENR Recommends, assessment stage up to the among readers. The results of applying the in the said First and foremost, many sites were analyzed by the ERDB TAP Team. technology, bamboo research results of the The analysis was used as inputs Research Sector remain in revising the 3 . Hence, untapped for transfer to the revised 3 was issued on 23 September 2010 through Memorandum Circular No. 01 for transfer in 2005, there Series of 2010. to bring to fore other Furthermore, two more proce- * * ` 1 ENR technologies. The dures pertaining to extension $ @ 4 5 5 # < 8 results of the previous :JJV``Q$`:IQJ Vulnerability Assessment, Carrying Capacity, V.:G1C1 :QJ 2 `: V$1V :JR `QR%HQJ These are the V V`I1J:QJ Q` Division of ERDB, started reviewing Q` =%:C1 7 C:JJ$ ': V`1:C are vitally Appropriate Extension Strategies important inputs to developing useful for ENR Technologies and the technologies. 2VCVHQJ Q` 21 V :JR C1VJ VCVL that can be disseminated. The ERDB has Adopter With the data from the Ecosystems Research were used by the same pilot regions in "5?; 8 ^counterclockwise_7 7C0: `Q], $ $ ` * results gathered in the pilot regions were ; " 6 :JQ]7J V`J:QJ: 6 ( . research results is ongoing. for the period 1974-2010. The ERDS has again analyzed to come up with a basis in 1974-2010. This includes the researches of a corresponding memorandum order on 72 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 73 (FORI). Considering the available reports 3`Q$`:I and Units have to be pursued along with and subprograms that will generate following have to be done: (print, broadcast, and audiovisual), e-media, and interpersonal methods. With the RDE programs of climate change, a corresponding Researchable Areas biodiversity cope with the changing climate. awareness and knowledge campaign to The C1I: V '1$:QJ 3 `Q$`:I will Technology Transfer remains to be a key also be part of the technology transfer be done. and impact of results of ENR RDE endeavors. usefulness of biofuel species, need for fuel- The capability of the DENR to perform Department actually has no extension body needs, technology transfer should look at the species. and there are few people who are really growing concern for urgent and immediate Thus, there is an urgent need to evaluate capable of doing the extension service work " : < : $ ` CENRO could not adequately handle. Thus, Environmental concerns (management and related technologies into one technology disposal of solid wastes, including toxic and Considering the various research results package. Furthermore, if there are tech- nologies or technology packages, there is a and services to the rural areas or remote to improve water quality, and improving need to determine if these adhere to the barangays. The need for systems and air quality and controlling air pollutants) the handling of materials and conversion criteria along technical accuracy, economic procedures or strategies where extension and the Natural Resources concerns of these materials into useful form. This feasibility, social relevance, environmental service can be performed remains a big concern. Along with this, strategies for procedures in the management and use of manage freshwater and improve its stock knowledge and in working out ways In the course of classifying research to create an impact. Technology materials outputs, there is a need to organize and of Marine and Coastal Resources have to be drawn from the results of R integrate related research outputs to come up with a technology package. Technology of necessary systems and procedures. packaging will answer the high-demand This is the requirement to properly prepare for technology manuals, prototypes of for ENR technologies and there is lack of 4 : . technologies. Technology Assessment Procedure as a Technology packaging is the crucial stage The above sectoral needs and the standard measure for determining the corresponding technology transfer concerns applicability and usefulness of technologies need economically-viable technologies that are based on the ENR Framework plan covering forest and water resources, ness in assessing technical, social, economic, biodiversity, coastal and marine resources, it meets regulatory requirements and analysis. This is highly important in the mineral resources and geosciences, and environmental management. $ * @ commercial scale. On IEC concerns, the Research Sector Alongside the larger ENR framework, are the Technology packaging is a crucial concern technology transfer needs corresponding that must be looked into. This step in the Transfer of Technology (such as for to the RDE targets of the Research Sector technology development has not been covering ERDB’s C1I: V.:J$V R:] :QJ adequately done in previous years for most 74 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 75 for databanking should also be encoded and shall form part of materials in the Regular IEC Materials on RDE Outputs on the RDE outputs have to be pursued considering the need for higher public environment and natural resources concerns. generated, complementary IEC materials ups of technologies (from the technology manuals, prototypes, and models) into * ` readable or understandable forms such as ensures that ERDB’s ENR outputs are well documented and are open to the general public for ERDB makes use of exhibits to showcase its technologies to other appropriate IEC materials including 8 1 ` electronic and mass media. of ENR technologies. 4 : ^"5 _ Technology packaging means determining Change RDE. This is because of the need to ` ;" $ transferability, applicability or even market- popularize and disseminate research-based : ` ;" $ other strategies need to be explored. ing aspects. Technologies have to be awareness and knowledge of the general public, government and nongovernment headways in Extension Services have to be disseminated to clientele, it is necessary accomplished. Appropriate strategies for to gather feedbacks from end-users and technology transfer have to be applied in This component is envisioned to produce and In cases where technologies need to be the guidelines on extension strategies, as a result of the Banner Program on Extension. proposals to improve technology or generate measures related to climate change, given the new or more appropriate technologies. guidelines shall be prepared. Technologies 76 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 77 < The requirements for technology commer- strategies that would suit the needs of the technology, the adoptors or investors and the RDI, have to be formulated. For technologies by industries, a system for Technologies that shall be transferred to be covered by separate guidelines under the Technology Transfer Law of 2009 or RA 10055. Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 )(( `1Q`1 7 `: V$1V Enabling Laws and Policies The :QJ:C -J V$`: VR `Q VH VR `V: System (NIPAS) Act (RA 7586), the Wildlife Act (RA 9147), and the :QJ:C :0V :JR the enabling laws and policies in :0VVQ%`HV':J:$VIVJ :JR`Q VHQJ ENR management. They serve as Act (RA 9072) are guiding laws in biodiversity the bounds and limits of RDE involvement. The governing laws and policies for environmental management must be (VQ`$:J1<:QJ Q` .V 3), researchers Revised policies in and out of the ENR sector that `QHVR%`:C':J%:CQJ3J01`QJIVJ :C-I]:H Assessment Order No. 2003-30 supersedes the amending DAO 90-44 establishes policies procedural manual issued under DENR-EMB in R & D management systems towards Memorandum Circular No. 2005-01 on 05 January 2005. The provisions of the Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003), Clean Air Act (RA 8749), and Clean Water Act (RA for environmental management but for RDE in support to this. Local Government Code (RA 7160) must be observed. For mineral resources management, there the framework comes as an For forest resources management, the aim to support. These are the Philippine Revised Forestry Code Mining Act of 1995 (Republic Act No. 7942) and people’s Small Mining Act of 1991 governed by Republic Act 7076. research, models development, forestry issues and challenges. While the Sustainable Forest Management Bill is Through Republic Act 9729 or the Climate pending in Congress, the Revised Forestry Change Act of 2009 the research sector and pursues extension with ': V`C:J seeks to address the gaps and issues that are relevant to the concern in addressing the @ impacts of climate change. The Fisheries Code and the Agriculture :JR 1.V`1V 'QRV`J1<:QJ H should Researchers must also be familiar of the be carefully observed in the course of R = and marine resources management. For Montreal Protocol, Cartagena Protocol, Water Resources Management (IWRM) plan is a signatory. Aside from these, other agreements e.g., WTO and other regional Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 ENR use and management must be carefully RDE Equipment and understood within the sector. Infrastructure Development The transfer and extension of RDE The commodity-based approach, however, technologies are covered by the Intellectual and Financial Plan, and giving of part of the overall RDE framework. ERDB’s `Q]V` 7QRVQ` .V.1C1]]1JV problem or concern depending on the research laboratories have been performing the Technology Transfer Act (RA 10055) pests and disease diagnoses on seeds, will take into account the resources, areas of excellence, strengths, and the needs of the DENR RDE centers. These include the tree species among others. The RDE framework shall be translated Northern Luzon Research Center (NLRC) With the current and emerging global and be formulated and implemented by the Southern Luzon Research Center (SLRC) DENR RDE Network. The network shall be local concerns, there is an urgent need to behavioral changes, mobilize resources composed of the ERDB, regional research Research Center(VRC) composed of Regions units, and other DENR sectors involved in RDE. The network serves as a mechanism to Research Center (NWMRC) of Regions 9, 10 Research Center (SEMRC) covering Regions 11 and 12. guidance for the planning of future the research funds coming from the government. Programs to upgrade research The areas of excellence of the NLRC are watershed management, water resources and establishment of modern research System for the Research Sector will be further tapped. ERDB undertakes demand-driven management, solid waste management, and the results of the DENR M and E Framework. the areas of excellence of the SLRC while the VRC has coastal resources management, the network. On the other hand, the DENR Development and ecotourism. The areas of excellence of the NWMRC are wetlands management, and Maintenance of RDE ` Enhancement of Program With the provision of adequate funds, the lake management, agroforestry, community- Planning and Monitoring and based forest management (CBFM), and of the plans and programs embodied in adopt the ecosystems approach. This m wildlife management. Hence, the RDE this RDE framework, the research sector centers with research concerns other As mandated, ERDB shall evaluate and and interdisciplinary means of solving than their own areas of excellence must coordinate with other centers that have the ecosystems by taking into account not only the RDE programs of the network. This shall Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 and strengthen linkages and networks through Strategies for mainstreaming RDE in ENR planning and decision making are the following: units, government agencies, LGUs, academe, 1. Other Sectors ENR RDE shall be established using the latest available technology on ICT to support the RDE management for policy and decision- various clientele. include: ERDB, being the research, development, and agency for the research sector of the DENR, shall spearhead the strengthening and results (ERDIS), ERDB Technology Generated ment Councils System (DTS). It shall likewise develop other support systems. It also envisions to establish of uniformity. Mainstreaming of RDE 4. Public ENR-based Decision Making An inventory of researches on ENR Outputs conducted not only by DENR units but also The mainstreaming of RDE outputs into developed. priority concern of the ENR RDE Sector. Research outputs in terms of technologies Department, these systems shall be linked should be put in place in ENR management policies of other ENR sectors and thus, the Linkaging and Networking The Research Sector shall establish, maintain, Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 R(( -) (2011-2016) he Environment and Natural properly leveled-out. Regular monitoring Resources (ENR) Research, and evaluation of accomplishments Development and Extension has to be conducted also to determine (RDE) Framework for 2011-2016 had adherence to the approved Work and been enhanced and validated through Financial Plans and institute corrections if consultations with various stakeholders in necessary. the DENR, the academe, and the private sector. As a result, high priority RDE The six-year budget for these endeavors is estimated at PhP 1.10 Billion. with the corresponding strategies for complementation and collaboration with various concerned entities for the effective and efficient implementation of these undertakings. This framework precedes the 2007-2010 RDE Framework on ENR which was also reviewed and which served as starting point for the succeeding Framework (2011-2016). This Framework covers eight sectoral concerns to wit: Forest Resources Transfer and Commercialization. Under each concern, priority RDE programs and the corresponding expected outputs and budgetary estimates. this budgetary requirement... To be useful, generated technologies have to be disseminated to the intended @ R target users and clientele. The activities to this end are also presented herein. The application on commercial scale for and draws upon the urgency of addressing each technology developed has to be done also after it has passed the required environmental problems and issues that assessment. To effectively carry out the plans ` under this Framework, the roles and 1 - Director Amaro Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 L L TA TOTA TO 6 6 1 201 20 ) 5 5 1 201 20 P '000 ( 4 4 1 201 20 3 3 1 201 20 udgetary Requirement Requirement udgetary Budgetary Requirement (P '000) Requirement Budgetary B 2 2 1 201 20 1 1 1 201 20 T T U TP UTPU OU O and other indigenous species) and other indigenous @:C:J :5@:C%I]:J$5G:JQ5 XPECTED XPECTED XPECTED XPECTED E sakat, E PROJECT PROJECT / / RIORITY RDE PROGRAM P 1. Tree improvement program program improvement Tree 1. nurseries a) of and management Establishment clonal of materials sources Established clonal seed seedling seed orchards, as gardens and hedge orchards, 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 species important 4,000 24,000 mother trees and elite species and endangered indigenous species forest and nonwood trees and trees of forest analysis (e.g., in open areas matching site nonwood forest species PRIORITY RDE PROGRAM and other using mycorrhiza farming soil amendment in CBFM areas industries species management, pest integrated 30,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 areas in selected surgery) tree R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ $ "7 ! " $ " " :;5 :$ " > 5 QJ1J%VR888 90 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 91 L TA O T 6 1 20 ) 5 1 20 P '000 ( 4 1 20 3 1 20 Budgetary Requirement Requirement Budgetary 2 1 20 1 1 20 $ $:9 T UTPU O EXPECTED EXPECTED $ $:9 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 PROJECT / RIORITY RDE PROGRAM 888 888 P *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ watersheds watersheds forest stands provenance and management establishment biofuel species for protocol species of biofuel species of the government crown canopy tenurial instruments seed services 92 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 93 L TOTA 6 01 2 ) 5 201 4 201 3 etary Requirement (P '000 Requirement etary 201 g Bud 2 201 1 201 $ $:9 UT TP OU EXPECTED EXPECTED PROJECT / ex situ ex and In situ RIORITY RDE PROGRAM R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ $ "7 *" $ $ 5 :" : :;5 ? 5 " $ QJ1J%VR888 P and management development, various plan for management including endangered threatened, and important economically species traded commonly ecotourism for of PAs strategies 2) biodiversity of local Baseline survey PAs Baseline data 1,000 1,000 1,000 800 800 farming, subsistence livelihood, 4,600 6) and management Development peatland, for instruments Policy 2,000 2,000 2,000 2000 2,000 10,000 impact assessment of biodiversity in EIA and ERA other special habitats and ERA processeses in EIA in PAs instrument instruments issuance of tenurial for of ERA procedures tools monitoring in PAs following GMOs and PHES for database georeferenced species endangered as an enterprise of ecotourism species endangered 11) and endangered rare, of premium, pine, igem, Mindoro (REAS) species etc. PhilIppine teak, *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ 94 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 95 $ $:9 $ $:9 QJ1J%VR888 R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ : $:9 :;5 4:" ; 7) of policies and Assessment on ICM plan capacitated LGUs 500 500 500 1,500 4) for development Protocol and beach areas mangrove resources of the coastal State use in integrated for report 3,000 3,000 6) of sustainable Development 3,000 3,000 products Aquaculture aquaculture) 3,000 3,000 12,000 3,000 3,000 12,000 impact assessment socioeconomic building capacity SEIA tools, and monitoring assessment 2) assessment capacity Carrying developed and marine resources Models and CARCAP 5,000 5,000 2,000 coastal resources 6,000 18,000 areas marine and in coastal advocacy GMOs for (SEIA) protocols $ $:9 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 IAS and PHES for database refenced impact assessment environmental building and capacity tools, for coastal areas of GMOs including agroecosystems habitats of management *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ 96 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 97 $ $:9 $ $:9 QJ1J%VR888 R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ $ "7 ; " ;4 ;$ *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ industrial establishments etc. lakes, bodies, rivers, of water in urban areas 5) on toxic quality assessment Water substances of toxic Level in and pollutants substances bodies freshwater and pollutants 5,000 5,000 (e.g., Sediments) standards quality 10,000 systems and river quality of lakes updated strategies management use WATER QUALITY QUALITY WATER 10) of early warning Development (EWS) in vulnerable systems EWS in highly vulnerable zones coastal 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 15,000 $ $:9 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 ecosystems and small island areas coastal *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 99 $ $:9 $ $:9 1,000 1,000 1,000 3,000 viz 888 QJ1J%VR888 *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ air quality 5) on air quality studies Policy policies with Revised 500 500 500 `1,500 urbanized areas (GHG) Emissions parameters AIR QUALITY QUALITY AIR *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ $ $:9 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4) of and compliance Awareness RA 9003 and to stakeholders and RA awareness Improved 6969 RA to compliance 4,000 5,000 9,000 2) on of database Development and solid waste Database 3) in GIS-based assessment 2,500 of sources the point determining 2,500 2,500 GIS-based database 2,500 2,500 7,500 5,000 diseases of respiratory occurrence of populace within the groups schemes management waste including MRF other sectors and technology within the air quality residing disease respiratory as to 100 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 101 $ $:9 $ $:9 management area foreshore for viable measures *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ $ "7 4 ; *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ $ "7 9:;5 ownership access and assess disputes resolve to mechanisms on land $ $:9 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5) and gender Socioeconomic and policy Management 2,000 2,000 related industries downstream to mining for schemes, and technologies $ $:9 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2) EIA and SEIA of mining and policy Management 3,000 3,000 6,000 102 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 103 $ $:9 $ $:9 INCLUDING FRESHWATER FRESHWATER INCLUDING *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ $ "7 :$ " " " QJ1J%VR888 6) to water pricing of raw Economic price water Raw 7) for of strategies Development quality water Improve quality. water 2,000 2,000 5,000 2,000 2,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 8,000 25,000 3) watershed Community-based on community Approaches 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 8,000 monitoring monitoring 2) Groundwater assessment and Available ground water supply 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 10,000 1) assessment Hydrometeorological of being used as source surface of rivers Available suppy water 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 12,000 *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ $ $:9 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 12) assessment Carrying capacity Carrying capacity 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 18,000 bodies of water resources of water 10) VA reports VA 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 30,000 104 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 105 0 _ $ $:9 $ $:9 $ $:9888 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 QJ1J%VR888 R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ $ "7 $ >; 9 = $":; ! " :;5 44 " :9 :$ ; *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ *" " $ "5 *" =":4L*" $ * $ 5 $*$ ? " _ ^* _ 7) and use of Establishment of and capability Knowledge 500 500 500 500 500 500 3,00 technology transfer transfer technology technologies transferred of technologies enhanced use technology and generated results research reports ENR technologies technologies ENR for procedure assessment 2) of technology Development models manuals or product manuals, products Technology 10,000 models or prototypes 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 60,000 or prototypes prototypes or technologies generated of 5) and transfer strategies Extension Centers transferred Technologies Service 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 60,000 106 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 107 L TA O T 6 1 20 ) 5 1 20 P ‘000 ( 4 1 20 3 1 20 udgetary Requirement Requirement udgetary 2 B 1 20 1 1 20 PROJECT / 44:" ! $> ?5= $:" " # " 4 ;$ ! $> R :" "5 *9:; ^ R _ RIORITY RDE PROGRAM P $ $:9 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 LANDS 5,500 8,500 15,500 8,500 2,500 300 40,800 300 2,500 8,500 15,500 8,500 LANDS 5,500 TRANSFER AND COMMERCIALIZATION TECHNOLOGY 35,700 43,700 43,500 43,500 43,500 43,500 253,400 MINES 16,000 14,000 7,500 5,000 5,000 5,000 52,500 5,000 5,000 5,000 7,500 14,000 16,000 MINES FRESHWATER INCLUDING RESOURCES WATER 25,000 28,500 28,500 28,500 24,500 15,000 150,000 ENVIRONMENT 50,500 50,500 35,500 4,500 3,300 3,300 147,600 3,300 3,300 4,500 35,500 50,500 50,500 ENVIRONMENT AND MARINE COASTAL 28,635 28,635 26,135 15,635 8,000 18,135 125,175 AND BIODIVERSITY AREAS PROTECTED 18,300 32,300 29,000 19,000 12,800 12,800 124,200 FOREST RESOURCES AND WATERSHEDS AND WATERSHEDS RESOURCES FOREST 39,715 54,615 47,215 33,165 25,665 25,000 225,375 Integrated ENR RDE Framework 2011-2016 References Acub, R.B. 2009. 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