PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3

SEPTEMBER 2018

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by DAI.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 1

Activity Title: Protect Wildlife Activity

Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/

Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00014/AID-492-TO-16-00002

Contractor: DAI

Date of Publication: September 2018

Author: DAI

The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 i

CONTENTS

TABLES, FIGURES, ANNEXES ...... ii ABBREVIATIONS ...... iii

1 PROTECT WILDLIFE ...... 1 1.1 Activity Description ...... 1 1.2 Activity Overview ...... 1 1.3 Theory of Change and Year 3 Work Plan ...... 3

2 YEAR 3 ACTIVITIES ...... 7 2.1 Year 3 Technical Activities in Manila ...... 11 2.2 Year 3 Technical Activities in ...... 24 2.3 Year 3 Technical Activities in City-Sulu Archipelago ...... 39 2.4 Year 3 Technical Activities in GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato ...... 49

3 MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 58 3.1 Overall Management Approach ...... 58 3.2 Organizational Structure ...... 59 3.3 Operations and Management ...... 61 3.4 Security Plan ...... 62 3.5 Gender Action Plan ...... 63 3.6 Communication Plan ...... 64 4.6 Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan ...... 66

4 ESTIMATED FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR YEAR 3 ...... 67

ANNEXES ...... 68

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 i TABLES

1 Changes in Theory of Change Results Chains per Strategic Approach ...... 3 2 Contract Deliverables and Year 3 Targets by SA ...... 9 3 Economic Growth Indicators and Year 3 Targets ...... 10 4 Protect Wildlife Target Sites for Improved Management ...... 15 5 Schedule of Year 3 Activities in Manila ...... 21 6 Schedule of Year 3 Activities in Palawan ...... 34 7 Schedule of Year 3 Activities in -Sulu Archipelago ...... 46 8 Schedule of Year 3 Activities in GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato ...... 55 9 Distribution of Protect Wildlife Staff in Year 3 ...... 61 10 Distribution of Year 3 Work Plan Budget by Strategic Approach ...... 67 11 Distribution of Year 3 Work Plan Budget by Location ...... 67

FIGURES 1 Overall Protect Wildlife Theory of Change Results Chain ...... 6 2 Priority Sites for Palawan in Year 3 ...... 26 3 Priority Sites for Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago in Year 3 ...... 40 4 Priority Sites for GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato in Year 3 ...... 50 5 Protect Wildlife Organizational Charts ...... 59

ANNEXES

A Updated Theory of Change Results Chains ...... 68 B Theory of Change-Based Learning Questions and Proposed Methods for Data Collection . 74

ii PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 ABBREVIATIONS

ARMM Autonomous Region in Muslim BBMC Bud Bongao Management Council BCC behavior change communication BIOFIN Biodiversity Finance Initiative BOL Bangsamoro Organic Law BRAIN Biodiversity Resources Access Information Network C4C Campaigning for Conservation CENRO Community Environment and Natural Resources Office CEPA communication, education and public awareness CFLET Composite Fisheries Law Enforcement Team CHED Commission on Higher Education CLUP comprehensive land use plan CSO civil society organization CWT combating wildlife trafficking DA-BFAR Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DENR-BMB DENR Biodiversity Management Bureau DENR-FMB DENR Forest Management Bureau DOJ Department of Justice DOST Department of Science and Technology ECLOF Ecumenical Church Loan Fund ENIPAS Expanded National Integrated Protected Areas System ENR environment and natural resources FLUP forest land use plan FSSI Foundation for a Sustainable Society, Inc. GenSan General Santos City GIS Geographic Information System GPH Government of the Philippines IPAF Integrated Protected Area Fund IRR Implementing Rules and Regulations IUU illegal, unreported and unregulated KAP knowledge, attitudes and practices KBA Key Biodiversity Area LGU local government unit LQ learning question LRMU land and resource management unit LWR Lutheran World Relief MEL monitoring, evaluation and learning MOU memorandum of understanding

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 iii NALECC-SCENR National Law Enforcement Coordinating Committee- Sub-Committee on Environment and Natural Resources NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NPASMP National Protected Area System Master Plan PAEMB Protected Area and Ecotourism Management Board PAMB Protected Area Management Board PAMO Protected Area Management Office PASu Protected Area Superintendent PBSAP Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan PCAARRD Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development PCSD Palawan Council for Sustainable Development PCSDS Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff PENRO Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office PES payment for ecosystem services PHP Philippine peso PNP Philippine National Police PNP-MG Philippine National Police Maritime Group RDE research, development and extension SA Strategic Approach USAID United States Agency for International Development USG United States Government WEO wildlife enforcement officer WildLEAP Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan ZCAWTTF Zamboanga City Anti-Wildlife Trafficking Task Force ZCWD Zamboanga City Water District

iv PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 1 PROTECT WILDLIFE

1.1 ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION

The Protect Wildlife activity supports initiatives to align conservation policy with on-the-ground wildlife management actions and enforcement. The activity works in target landscapes to reduce threats to biodiversity, reduce poaching and use of illegally harvested wildlife and wildlife products, and improve ecosystem goods and services for human well-being. Protect Wildlife fits within the USAID Biodiversity Policy (USAID 2015) that “builds upon the Agency’s long history of conserving a global biological heritage for current and future generations and reflects a deep understanding of the role that healthy natural systems play in achieving the Agency’s human-development goals.” The activity is the first USAID/Philippines initiative to combat wildlife trafficking and directly implement the U.S. government’s Eliminate, Neutralize and Disrupt Wildlife Trafficking Act of 2016. Protect Wildlife supports local stakeholders to develop, implement and monitor the Government of the Philippines’ (GPH) policies and programs on biodiversity conservation and reduction of wildlife trafficking under the National Integrated Protected Areas System Act (NIPAS), Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act, and the Strategic Environment Plan for Palawan Law. The activity is also supportive of the newly enacted Expanded NIPAS (ENIPAS) Act of 2018. Protect Wildlife’s principal counterpart is the Department of Environment and Natural Resources- Biodiversity Management Bureau (DENR-BMB). The activity also coordinates with the Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR), the DENR-Forest Management Bureau (DENR-FMB), National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) and various national-level enforcement law agencies. At the local level, Protect Wildlife works directly with DENR Regional Offices; Provincial and Community Environment and Natural Resources Offices (PENROs and CENROs); and provincial, city and municipal local government units (LGUs), as well as local offices of DA-BFAR and NCIP. In Palawan, the activity coordinates with the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff (PCSDS). At various levels, the activity works with non-government and civil society organizations (NGOs and CSOs); colleges and universities; and land and resource managers, such as ancestral domain and tenure holders and fisherfolk and coastal community organizations.

1.2 ACTIVITY OVERVIEW As a megadiverse country, the Philippines claims to be the “center of the center” of nearshore marine diversity, including corals and reef fishes. It is home to approximately 1,100 terrestrial vertebrates and five percent of the world’s flora, a significant proportion of which is endemic. However, much of these biodiversity assets continue to face risks and pressures from both natural and human interventions, such as land conversion for agriculture and settlements; illegal, unregulated and unreported harvesting; and destructive mining and quarrying. The value of biodiversity and the ecosystem goods and services they provide are not effectively communicated to local stakeholders. Inadequate capacities and financial support have constrained management of wildlife habitats and land and resource use regulations in highly diverse areas. 1.2.1 TECHNICAL APPROACH

Protect Wildlife customizes technical support and regulatory and enforcement measures based on the needs of each conservation area and target wildlife trafficking transshipment point. Addressing the threats to wildlife habitats and species and arresting the drivers of biodiversity loss in target sites requires collaboration across agencies in implementing the following mutually reinforcing Strategic Approaches (SAs):

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 1 Strategic Approach 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level

Strategic Approach 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation

Strategic Approach 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units

Strategic Approach 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation

Strategic Approach 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies

1.2.2 TARGET SITES The activity strives to target reduced threats to wildlife habitats and wildlife species through the sound management of conservation areas with local stakeholders and enforcement of biodiversity-related laws in trafficking hotspots. Implementation includes improving local capacities in wildlife and environmental crime enforcement, biodiversity conservation research, and sound natural resource management. The activity also includes leveraging financing to support biodiversity conservation and combating wildlife trafficking (CWT) initiatives; incentivizing local stakeholders to pursue conservation-friendly sustainable livelihood opportunities; and deepening knowledge, attitudes and behaviors for the effective management, regulation and enforcement of wildlife habitats and wildlife trafficking transshipment points, such as ports and airports. In Year 3, Protect Wildlife will continue to work across geographies in the Philippines to address wildlife trafficking transshipment while implementing a more comprehensive ecosystem approach in biologically significant areas presented below:  Palawan: From the activity’s office, Protect Wildlife implements technical activities in threatened terrestrial, marine and coastal wildlife habitats in forest lands and protected areas, such as the Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape, Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Ursula Island Game Refuge and Bird Sanctuary, El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area, Cleopatra’s Needle Critical Habitat, and natural forests and in Palawan.  Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago: From offices in Zamboanga City and Bongao, Tawi-Tawi, the activity implements activities in forest lands, including foreshore and areas, and protected and local conservation areas, such as Natural Park, Great and Little Santa Cruz Islands Protected Landscape and Seascape, Bud Bongao Local Conservation Area, and Panglima Sugala municipality.  GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato (Region 12): In the activity’s third year, Protect Wildlife will continue implementing activities in Mount Matutum Protected Landscape, Allah Valley Protected Landscape, Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape and Mount Busa Key Biodiversity Area.  Fourth site: The activity will support the DENR and USAID in scoping and assessing a fourth Protect Wildlife site and commencing initial mobilization activities.

The Manila office maintains the team of national advisors and specialists who lead the development of SA strategies and work plans; provide technical support to field activities; and work with DENR-BMB and DENR-FMB, DA-BFAR and national level law enforcement agencies, Manila-based private and non- government organizations, and relevant donor-funded projects.

2 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 1.3 THEORY OF CHANGE AND YEAR 3 WORK PLAN

The USAID/Office of Forestry and Biodiversity’s Measuring Impact activity1 and USAID/Philippines supported Protect Wildlife’s Year 3 work planning by leading a “pause and reflect” workshop to review the status of Year 2 implementation by Strategic Approach in light of the activity’s Theory of Change result chains and target outputs and outcomes. As discussed in the Protect Wildlife Annual Report for Year 2, the activity’s Strategic Approaches have achieved or partially achieved 15 of the 24 intermediate results outlined in the Theory of Change, as illustrated in Figure 1. Palawan activities are contributing to 14 intermediate results, while those in Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago are contributing to 11 intermediate results. Except for payment for ecosystem services (PES)-related efforts, contributions of Region 12 activities to intermediate results will only appear within the first quarter of Year 3. This work plan will outline the activity’s continued efforts to achieve and/or reinforce efforts under each intermediate result, including an increased focus on the nine intermediate results, as shown below: 1. Technical know-how for research increased, 2. University curriculum enriched, 3. Science-based information and technology-based tools produced, 4. Science-based policies and plans for conservation areas implemented by LGUs, 5. Management plans of tenured areas prepared/updated, 6. Illegal and destructive practices reduced, 7. Enforcement effort and action increased, 8. Incidents of wildlife crime reduced inside the Philippines, and 9. Incidents of wildlife trafficking reduced outside the Philippines. In addition to reviewing progress achieved to date, the pause and reflect workshop provided the opportunity to revise the Theory of Change for every SA based on new developments in field sites and lessons learned to date. Table 1 below summarizes the minor changes in the SAs during the workshop.

TABLE 1: CHANGES IN THEORY OF CHANGE RESULTS CHAINS PER STRATEGIC APPROACH

SA RESULTS CHAIN LEARNING QUESTIONS (LQs) SA 1: Behavior No change in the results chain. The number of LQs was reduced from three to Change one. The LQ statement was changed from an “if- Communication then” to a background question:

What messaging in campaigns will be most effective in bringing about behavior change: pride or fear appeal? SA 2: Some results statements were refined. The number of LQs was reduced from two to one. Conservation The LQ statement was changed from an “if-then” to Financing The result “agreements established between a background question: LGU, foundations or people’s organization with the private sector to combat destructive and/or What are the motivations of potential beneficiaries of illegal resource and land use” was taken out. individual and community enterprise investments to During the activity period, agreements forged adopt conservation practices? are between USAID or project with funding source.

The causal link between “social, economic and environmental benefits for communities” and “improved community attitudes toward conservation” has been replaced with a broken

1 Measuring Impact is a five-year contract (2012-2017) managed by the USAID Bureau for Economic Growth, Education, and the Environment/Office of Forestry and Biodiversity and implemented by Environmental Incentives, Foundations of Success, and ICF International.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 3 SA RESULTS CHAIN LEARNING QUESTIONS (LQs) line to indicate uncertainty in the causal relationship of the two results. SA 3: Two intermediate results boxes were modified Three LQs were maintained but statements were Conservation to read: refined. One LQ was modified into a background Governance question. 1. “Social, economic and environmental programs implemented from investments If LGUs have increased technical capacity to incorporate and financing arrangements.” “Programs biodiversity principles in resource planning and implemented” replaced “benefits” which management, will LGUs leverage, invest, develop and should be captured in the outcome boxes. implement science-based policies and plans for the 2. “LGUs adopt policies that engage conservation of habitats and species? communities and private sector in conservation and development initiatives.” What are motivations of tenure/CADT/CADC holders to This result is part of “Improved, Dedicated implement land and resource use prescriptions within and Functioning Protected Area Policy their tenured areas? Making Body (Protected Area Management Board).” It emphasizes a more active If PAMBs are capacitated to formulate improved policies action from LGUs, who form part of the for better protected area management, will they PAMB. recommend improvements to national policies? SA 4: The if-then link between “capacity of higher The LQ was maintained. Conservation education institutions to leverage funds, do and Research disseminate research increased” and “Values If higher education institutions have increased research Formation, Instruction, Research and and extension capacity and knowledge of research gaps Extension-based agenda for biodiversity and needs in target sites, will they be able to produce conservation enriched” was reversed. The tools and knowledge products that address direct threats current theory is that if higher education and biodiversity focal interests? institutions have a conservation-oriented research and extension agenda, then they would be in a better position to develop their capability to leverage funds, and conduct and disseminate conservation-related researches. SA 5: Wildlife Law An additional intermediate result was added to The two LQs were maintained: Enforcement address sustainability: “Institutionalization of training programs at national level to provide If there is increased enforcement capacity, will there be continuing support to regional field teams.” more enforcement actions by enforcement agencies and groups? Several intermediate results were refined to make more explicit the inclusion of “wildlife If there is increased risk of penalty, will there be less habitats” in policies and enforcement. incidents of wildlife crimes?

Protect Wildlife did not make any changes to the overall Theory of Change and its results chain. The overall results chain can be found in Figure 1, while its Theory of Change is described below: IF national and local stakeholders understand the economic value and sociocultural significance of habitats and wildlife species, including the ecosystem services that they provide in conservation areas, as a combined result of:  Improved and positively changed communities’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviors toward wildlife and biodiversity conservation;  Increased public and private sector investments and increased revenues from environment and natural resources-related enterprises to finance conservation, support to biodiversity-friendly and sustainable livelihoods and enterprises for local communities in priority sites;  Improved conservation competencies of governance bodies, local government units, civil society organizations, and landowners, tenure and domain holders in managing and regulating land and resource uses in landscapes of habitats and wildlife species;

4 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3  Improved capacities of higher education institutions to generate scientifically rigorous evidence and knowledge essential for conservation and for enriching curricula and outreach programs; and  Enhanced capacities of national and local enforcement entities to identify, capture, prosecute and adjudicate wildlife crimes and habitat losses,

THEN, Protect Wildlife can significantly contribute to the reduction of threats to habitats and to wildlife species,

THEREBY, directly and indirectly enhancing capacities of various threatened habitats of wildlife species, as part of larger ecosystems and seascapes-landscapes, to supply and provide ecosystem services that benefit human well-being.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 5 FIGURE 1: OVERALL PROTECT WILDLIFE THEORY OF CHANGE RESULTS CHAIN HIGHLIGHTING INTERMEDIATE RESULTS BEING ADDRESSED BY SA-SPECIFIC AND INTER-SA ACTIVITIES (AS OF END OF YEAR 2)

6 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2 YEAR 3 ACTIVITIES

While Year 3 represents, in large part, a continuation of ongoing activities in Manila and current field sites— Palawan, Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago, and GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato—the Protect Wildlife team also factored an anticipated fourth site2 and various geopolitical developments into the activity’s work planning exercise. In Year 2, Protect Wildlife discussed with USAID and DENR plans for a scoping exercise for the following potential new field sites: the Bataan-Subic-Zambales area and the Aurora-Nueva Vizcaya portion of southern Sierra Madre. DENR and USAID informally agreed to locate the fourth site in Luzon area. Protect Wildlife has planned to launch operations for the new site on or before May 2019. The Year 3 plan provides certain flexibility to accommodate activities that have not been anticipated but might prove to be important to achieve the activity’s objectives. There might be requests to support the implementation of the newly enacted Expanded National Integrated Protected Area Systems Act (ENIPAS), roll out the Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan (WildLEAP) after adoption, National Protected Area System Master Plan (NPASMP), and the regionalization of the NBSAP. The May 2019 national and local elections and the operationalization of the Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL) in Mindanao may also usher new opportunities for replication and scaling up of Protect Wildlife approaches. After two years of implementation, Year 3 invites the Protect Wildlife to share and disseminate the project’s accomplishments and emerging best practices to the broader public and targeted audiences.

ENIPAS Act

The ENIPAS Act increased the number of protected areas covered by legislation from 13 to 107, placing a total of three million hectares under protection. The ENIPAS includes four of the Protect Wildlife sites- and Great and Little Santa Cruz Islands Protected Seascapes in Zamboanga City and Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape and Mount Matutum Protected Landscape in Sarangani and South Cotabato provinces.

In Year 3, the Protect Wildlife team will help the DENR-BMB National Parks Division (DENR-BMB-NPD), DENR field units, and LGUs to adopt a more integrated approach to management of the 94 additional protected areas now covered under the law. The activity will work with DENR-BMB and other donor- assisted projects and stakeholders to draft the ENIPAS Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR). Specifically, the Protect Wildlife team will apply experiences and lessons learned from implementation to date for integrating behavior change communication (BCC), conservation financing and PES, land use planning and zoning, research and development, and wildlife and environmental law enforcement into the overarching protected planning and forest land use planning processes. This represents an important opportunity to scale up best practices developed under the activity for implementation beyond Protect Wildlife field sites in protected areas across the Philippines. These efforts are outlined in more detail in Section 2.1.

WildLEAP and National Protected Area System Master Plan

The Protect Wildlife team is also planning to apply processes and priorities outlined in WildLEAP and the National Protected Area System Master Plan, which the DENR management expects to be adopted this year to refine policies and programs that will strengthen conservation management and wildlife law enforcement. Both plans provide roadmaps for the DENR to improve wildlife law enforcement and strengthen protected area planning within the DENR and with partners at the national level, regions and sites. The plans open windows for the activity to develop core teams to train, mentor and coach field units to assist the field units

2 DENR and USAID will select the fourth site for implementing Protect Wildlife activities. As of the end of August 2018, a selection has not yet been made. Potential sites were identified for further assessment, consultation with stakeholders, and selection.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 7 and LGUs in BCC, spatial mapping, financial planning and financing, establishment of Integrated Protected Areas Fund (IPAF), enforcement of land use and resource use in each zone and sub-zone, and adjudication measures. Protect Wildlife will anchor assistance to help strengthen the DENR’s focus to build up CENRO capacities as the frontline in delivering its mandates including regulatory, enforcement and development functions.

May 2019 Elections and Bangsamoro Organic Law

The Year 3 work plan also anticipates the May 2019 national and local elections, as well as the operationalization of the Bangsamoro Organic Law in Mindanao. The activity expects that the upcoming elections will impact the team’s ability to carry out field activities from December 2018 to June 2018, as LGU counterparts increasingly focus on campaign-related activities. Moreover, peace and order on the ground could be threatened due to local elections, the BOL plebiscite, and the transition of the current Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) government to the Bangsamoro in ARMM, which can potentially limit activities at the community and levels. Specifically, these upcoming events may delay field validation of land and resource uses in conservation areas in the barangays, adoption of recommended land uses, and LGU legitimization of protected area management and enforcement plans.

Other Year 3 Inflection Points

In Manila, the team will increasingly focus on scaling up and institutionalizing best practices and lessons learned from Protect Wildlife training and capacity-building activities into DENR training policies and modules. Specifically, the team will develop a plan with the DENR, both with BMB and FMB, and DA- BFAR to adopt training modules, tools and approaches and to apply them through a team of Manila- and region-based trainers and resource persons to facilitate capacity building for field units, LGU partners and multi-sectoral enforcement groups.

To prepare for this initiative, in Year 3, Protect Wildlife will refine current knowledge products and training materials on BCC campaigns, conservation finance, land use planning, policy analysis and development, and enforcement of biodiversity-related laws. Working with DENR, DA-BFAR, DOJ, PCDSDS, and provincial LGU counterparts, the team will identify national and regional members of multi-disciplinary trainer groups to refine and pilot test the training materials with the intent to replicate, and scale up project’s emerging practices. The team will identify key members of the DENR-LGU technical working groups, enforcement task forces and advisory teams that have the potential to serve as co-resource persons in conducting and facilitating several training modules under SA 1, SA 2, SA 3 and SA 5 advisors and specialists. This means that starting in Year 3, Protect Wildlife will gradually shift toward a co-team approach—composed of DENR, BFAR, DOJ, PCSDS, LGUs and other agencies serving as resource persons in the conduct of training and mentoring activities—in planning, conducting and assessing capacity-building initiatives in conservation areas and enforcement in transshipment points.

In the field sites, the activity will increasingly focus wildlife and environmental law enforcement activities on transshipment points, especially ports, markets, wildlife cybercrime and couriers. For instance, the team can discuss with interested LGUs to help them organize and train public market managers and staff to monitor and report wildlife species and products that are traded by vendors, suppliers and wholesalers in public markets. The activity can also explore agreements with units of the Philippine Ports Authority to develop an action plan to strengthen their capacities to monitor, inspect and report illegal shipments of wildlife species and products.

8 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 Summary In Table 2, Protect Wildlife presents a summary of Year 3 target deliverables, which were adjusted from the contract to account for progress against targets through Year 2. These targets will be reviewed and may be adjusted upwards after discussion and agreement with the SA and field teams during the Protect Wildlife assessment in mid-December 2018.

Within the sections—for Manila, Palawan, Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago, and GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato—Protect Wildlife presents a situational analysis; an overview of Year 3 activities and targets, organized by SA and the corresponding Theory of Change result; and a Gantt chart that outlines activities sequentially.

TABLE 2: CONTRACT DELIVERABLES AND YEAR 3 TARGETS BY SA

Year 3 Year 1 Year 1 Adjusted LOP Target INDICATORS and 2 and 2 Difference Year 3 Target (per Targets Actual Target3 MEL) SA 1 People trained to lead behavior 1.1 100 100 47 (53) 0 53 change campaigns Behavior change campaigns 1.2 25 10 5 (5) 5 10 implemented People reached by behavior 1.3 300,000 24,000 4,260 (19,740) 50,000 69,740 change campaigns SA 2 Revenue generated from the 2.1 sale of ecosystem services in US$500,000 75,000 14,016 (60,984) 87,500 148,484 target sites Payment for ecosystem 2.2 services or tourism initiatives 100 23 9 (14) 15 29 supported in target sites Public-private partnership investments in Protect Wildlife US$5 0.70 0.14 (0.56) 0.75 1.31 2.3 anti-poaching and trafficking million million million million million million efforts SA 3 LGU staff trained in participatory planning for 3.1 200 50 58 8 50 50 integrated conservation and development Community members trained in planning and implementation 3.2 2,500 500 190 (310) 450 760 of integrated conservation and development LGU staff trained, certified and formally deputized as Wildlife 3.3 200 50 47 (3) 50 53 Enforcement Officers (WEOs) by government agencies Community members trained 3.4 and certified as WEOs by 500 125 72 (53) 100 153 government agencies SA 4 University-supported research 4.1 initiatives implemented at 25 9 3 (6) 5 11 target sites

3 Year 3 target plus shortfalls in Year 2.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 9 Year 3 Year 1 Year 1 Adjusted LOP Target INDICATORS and 2 and 2 Difference Year 3 Target (per Targets Actual Target3 MEL) Universities developing 4.2 conservation curricula with 10 4 4 - 2 2 support from Protect Wildlife SA 5 Government staff trained in 5.1 combating wildlife and 1,000 300 609 309 200 200 environmental crime New or revised laws and 5.2 regulations adopted to combat 50 12 11 (1) 10 11 wildlife crimes Confiscations, seizures and arrests resulting from capacity 5.3 1,000 150 152 2 150 150 building provided by Protect Wildlife

TABLE 3: ECONOMIC GROWTH INDICATORS AND YEAR 3 TARGETS

Year 3 Year 1 Year 1 Adjusted LOP Target INDICATORS and 2 and 2 Difference Year 3 Target (per Targets Actual Target4 MEL) Outcomes Number of hectares of biologically significant areas under improved natural EG.10.2-2 500,000 170,000 265,632 95,632 120,000 120,000 resource management as a result of United States Government (USG) assistance Number of people with improved economic benefits derived from sustainable EG.10.2-3 natural resource management 100,000 20,000 685 (19,315) 30,000 49,315 and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance Number of people that apply improved conservation law EG.10.2-6 1,200 200 230 30 200 200 enforcement practices as a result of USG assistance Amount of investment mobilized (in US$) for sustainable landscapes, natural US$ 5 EG.10.3-4 650,000 334,233 315,767 800,000 800,000 resource management and million biodiversity conservation as supported by USG assistance Greenhouse gas GHG) emission, estimated in metric tons of CO2 equivalent, EG.13-6 reduced, sequestered or 703,930 34,378 35,440 1,062 103,957 103,957 avoided through sustainable landscape activities supported by USG assistance

4 Year 3 target plus shortfalls in Year 2

10 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 Year 3 Year 1 Year 1 Adjusted LOP Target INDICATORS and 2 and 2 Difference Year 3 Target (per Targets Actual Target4 MEL) Outputs Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources EG.10.2-4 management and/or 4,500 975 1,214 239 800 800 biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance Number of laws, policies, or regulations that address biodiversity conservation EG.10.2-5 and/or other environmental 50 12 13 1 10 10 themes officially proposed, adopted, or implemented as a result of USG assistance

2.1 YEAR 3 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN MANILA

2.1.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS In Year 3, Protect Wildlife will capitalize on the strong environmental protection statements and policy priorities outlined by Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte in his State of the Nation Address (SONA) on July 23, 2018, wherein he cited the temporary closure of Boracay Island as a “representation of the government’s negligence, including mine” and a “mark [of] the beginning of a new national effort [toward environmental protection].” Collectively, the SONA statement, the President’s challenge to the Senate to pass the National Land Use Act, and the passage of the ENIPAS Act serve as clear indications of a renewed national-level commitment to conservation and enforcement of biodiversity-related laws.

In Year 3, Protect Wildlife will work with the DENR to promote this sentiment to provincial and city counterparts—as well as to everyday citizens—by shifting from the department’s current Communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEPA) framework toward a BCC approach. The current approach primarily revolves around education and awareness that focus on the promotion of information only instead of using it strategically to influence behavior.

Protect Wildlife is also positioned to leverage the recent passage of ENIPAS Act to promote strengthened natural resource management and biodiversity conservation beyond the activity’s field sites to protected areas across the Philippines. As noted earlier in the report, ENIPAS established 94 new protected areas in the Philippines from Regions 1 to 13. ENIPAS also amended a number of key aspects of the old NIPAS Act relating to the following:  Management plan formulation;  Powers and functions of the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB);  Establishment of the Protected Area Management Office (PAMO) headed by the Protected Area Superintendent (PASu) with support staff, all with permanent plantilla position;  Recognition of existing rights in protected areas;  Tenured migrants and other protected area occupants;  Existing facilities;  Special uses within protected areas; and  Role of LGUs in protected area management.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 11 Protect Wildlife will work closely with the DENR to help develop the Implementing Rules and Regulations that will guide the department and field site partners’ efforts to comply with the law and strengthen their overall protected area management. Protect Wildlife will bring lessons learned, tools, resources and methodologies for applying BCC, conservation financing, land use planning, research and education, and wildlife and environmental law enforcement in protected area management to the effort.

Protect Wildlife’s holistic and self-sustaining approach to protected area planning and implementation will help the DENR develop a framework for ENIPAS implementation that can position local protected area managers to address direct and indirect threats to habitat destruction through the following:  Developing and receiving shared consensus from stakeholders on land use plans and zoning, and reinforcing rules on allowed and disallowed land uses and activities through BCC campaigns and strengthened enforcement;  Helping to finance biodiversity conservation activities and protected area management through PES agreements;  Promoting conservation-friendly livelihoods to serve as an alternative to poaching, and incentivizing their pursuit through training and access to financing;  Fostering biodiversity conservation careers through strengthened curriculum at local universities; and  Positioning protected area management and other stakeholders to execute their duties by taking part in the capacity-building modules, and providing resources to universities that produce research into local biodiversity and wildlife crimes that can be used to inform decision-making.

2.1.2 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved  Design and conduct a CEPA strategic planning workshop for DENR-BMB and other relevant DENR offices for integrating BCC and social marketing principles in communication plans. The training aims to introduce partners from the department to the BCC framework and establish appreciation and improved understanding of the need to go beyond information dissemination in order to influence behavior. It will also emphasize the importance of creating targeted campaigns that address a specific threat and audience, and measuring baselines and post-campaign impact—an aspect of social marketing that is not yet ingrained in DENR information offices. The recommended output of the workshop is an enhanced communication plan for a specific threat that the DENR- BMB intended to address through its CEPA program.  On July 2018, assist the Palawan team to conduct the Campaigning for Conservation (C4C) training for north-central Palawan. On November 2018, assist the Region 12 team and partners in the conduct of C4C training for the final batch of trainees. A target of 53 participants from the two sites will undergo the 10-day program. These activities will achieve the training deliverable of 100 individuals trained to lead BCC campaigns. Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation

 Work with DENR-BMB Wildlife Resources Division in designing and conducting a national-level integrated media campaign to combat wildlife trafficking. The campaign is designed to address demand reduction and improve knowledge and attitudes by immersing target audience with messages in key touchpoints, including airports, seaports, land transport hubs, malls, main thoroughfares in key urban centers, and social media. The targeted seasons for the campaign at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminals 1 to 3 will roll out during the height of holiday travel from

12 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 December 2018 to February 2019 and the height of summer travel from March to June 2019. The team will explore how public and private organizations can contribute to this effort.  Launch in-flight magazine advertorials as a new touchpoint to reach domestic and international tourist markets. The first advertorial will be published on the July 2018 issue of Cebu Pacific Air’s Smile magazine. SA 1 will develop the advertorials for October and December 2018, which are peak months of travel in the country. The targeted advertising add-ons will also be developed within August to December 2018.  With support from SA 5, initiate with DENR-BMB Wildlife Resources Division the development of a communications and advocacy plan for courier companies. This is one of the four components of the above-mentioned national combating wildlife trafficking campaign with DENR-BMB.  Explore with the Mind Museum to set up a traveling exhibition on wildlife conservation and CWT, similar to A Glass of the Sea that featured marine biodiversity in Verde Island Passage.  Support important DENR-BMB events, such as World Wildlife Day on March 3, 2019, with aspects of the aforementioned CWT campaign.  Assist DENR-BMB develop a communication plan targeted at institutional players, particularly environmental law enforcement groups, to adopt the WildLEAP and mainstream wildlife and fisheries law enforcement into their respective work plans and budgets.

Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation  Develop and carry out a mentoring program for C4C graduates to help them maintain the behavior of practicing the principles of behavior change and social marketing. A mentoring program will help the graduates immerse in social marketing trends and behavior change insights, as well as hone their skills in developing BCC campaigns for other threats plotted in their respective concept models. Methods will include a series of mini on-site “masterclasses”, direct mail, individual meetings with site-specific campaign teams, and the creation of peer-mentoring teams where C4C participants can collaborate, review and troubleshoot during planning and implementation of campaigns. The mentoring program will be highly iterative, influencing how new C4C batches will be supported during the development of their mini campaigns.  Conduct a symposium for the annual gathering of all C4C batches where graduates can present their campaign results, exhibit their campaign materials, hear presentations from social marketing practitioners, and learn behavior change insights from invited experts invited. Protect Wildlife will explore how the C4C batches can interface with other C4C graduates around the world to exchange experiences and learn from one another. This is projected to happen in May 2019.

SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation  Work with Palawan and Region 12 teams in assessing PES opportunities with existing ecosystem services-linked enterprises, both public and private. The team will develop for each region a strategy and work plan for delivering PES technical assistance using the clustered approach to allow Protect Wildlife to catch up on its target for supported PES initiatives.  As part of the above strategy, design a training and mentoring approach to replicate in new PES targets the cost-based resource valuation of ecosystems services and the cost and revenue analysis for ecosystems services-linked public and private enterprises. Part of the training program is a module that will allow resource management and governance units (DENR, LGUs, tenure and ancestral domain holders, Protected Area Management Office) and ecosystem services-linked enterprises to

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 13 negotiate PES rates based on results of valuation of ecosystems services and cost and revenue analysis.  Develop PES case stories from experiences in Palawan and Zamboanga City that demonstrate the use of PES tools (e.g., cost-based resource valuation, cost-revenue analysis of enterprises) and mechanisms for reinvesting PES revenues (e.g., ring fencing, community watershed rehabilitation planning) in conservation activities. Protect Wildlife will continue to document collected PES revenues and the utilization of these for the protection, management, and restoration of natural assets that supply ecosystem services based on financial records of LGUs, DENR PAMOs (for IPAF), and other organizations tasked to collect fees or payments. Information will be useful for learning and sharing, as well as for advocacy purposes.  Develop a process and tool for identifying and analyzing current and potential uses and sources of funds for the management of protected areas and forest lands of LGUs, based on experiences in southern Palawan and Zamboanga City, and integrate these into SA 3 planning modules that will be applied in Year 3 target sites. Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners  Explore collaborative endeavors with the private sector that will generate funding commitments to national-level CWT campaigns and site-level activities that help remove barriers to behavior change of communities in and near protection and conservation areas. . Finalize the agreement with Abraham Holdings; . Continue discussions with Sunlight Foods Corporation to diversify opportunities for communities in southern Palawan to produce high-value agriculture crops; and . Explore prospects from Fil-Frey Corporation, Alcantara Foundation, San Miguel Corporation, League of Corporate Foundations, and RD Foundation to support community livelihoods and services in Mount Matutum and Sarangani Bay.

Theory of Change Result: Government and CSOs initiate and implement financing arrangements  With the signing of the memorandum of understanding (MOU) between Protect Wildlife and Foundation for a Sustainable Society, Inc. (FSSI), organize regional and provincial consultations, with DENR support, to discuss mechanisms of access and institutional arrangements with individual or coalition of NGOs and CSOs, and the roles of FSSI and Protect Wildlife. Through the MOU, FSSI is making available a total fund of US$6.698 million (PHP 355 million) as soft loans in combination with grants and capacity-building support to NGOs and CSOs in Regions 9, 12, Palawan and Tawi- Tawi to assist and support community enterprises in Protect Wildlife sites. FSSI funding provide access to financial services and grants to qualified social enterprise with “triple bottom lines” where economic, social and environmental dimensions of development are integrated. The reduction of threats to wildlife habitats and wildlife species is part of the environmental dimension of the funding arrangement.  Develop a work plan with Abraham Holdings, Inc. for the implementation of the signed agreement. Abraham Holdings, Inc. initially committed US$94,340 (PHP 5 million) to support capacity building and small business infrastructure support to community enterprises in southern Palawan and Mindanao.  Continue to support efforts under the Protect Wildlife-Lutheran World Relief (LWR) partnership and LWR-Ecumenical Church Loan Fund (ECLOF) agreement to: . Introduce innovative microfinancing schemes that will address credit needs of upland farmers, indigenous peoples and fisherfolks in southern Palawan. Continue to monitor ECLOF’s

14 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 microlending performance and assess impacts of increased microfinancing access to target beneficiaries; . Link cassava production in pilot areas in southern Palawan with processing facilities and marketing arrangements. Explore investment options for the proposed feedmill and technical support for its initial operations; and . Diversify crop coverage beyond cassava and incorporate soil and water conservation and sustainable upland agriculture practices in extension services.  Continue to identify, explore and harness complementary technical assistance and technology support from public and private organizations and resource institutions.  Monitor utilization of all financing assistance support from the private sector and complementary support leveraged from national agencies and LGUs, and document the extent of benefits to individuals and communities through case stories.

SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units

Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified  Support Palawan, Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago and Region 12 teams in consultations and orientation sessions for DENR, LGUs, PAMBs and other stakeholders of new and expansion sites for Year 3 (refer to Table 4). Among the new LGU partners are El Nido in Palawan, Panglima Sugala in Tawi-Tawi and the LGUs that cover the Mount Busa Key Biodiversity Area in Region 12. Part of the orientation activity is the development of an action plan and joint work plan with the concerned DENR unit and LGUs for these sites that identifies inputs required of other SA teams.

TABLE 4: PROTECT WILDLIFE TARGET SITES FOR IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT AREAS5

Biologically Significant Areas Improved Protect (Hectares) Target Protected Area / LGU Wildlife Sites Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 (Actual) (Actual) (Target) (Estimates) Protection and Conservation Area Planning 141,296 3,111 141,882 401,780 Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape 120,457 Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary 2,349 Palawan Ursula Island Game Refuge and Bird Sanctuary 762 Cleopatra’s Needle Critical Habitat 38,693 El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected 89,135 Area Great and Little Santa Cruz Islands Protected Zamboanga City- 3,425 Landscape and Seascape Sulu Archipelago Pasonanca Natural Park 17,414

5 Protect Wildlife adopted the integrated management of ecosystems in a landscape as an approach to conserve biodiversity and sustain supply of ecosystems services. Under this approach, the activity considers forest lands, protected areas and ancestral domains in all LGUs that cover a target protected area or a local conservation area to be biologically significant. The activity only included protected areas and forest lands, not alienable and disposable areas, since the assistance only supports conservation-oriented land use planning in protected areas and forest lands. Land use planning in a landscape links wildlife habitat protection and biodiversity conservation with local and regional development. The concept is consistent with CBD 2001 (ecosystems approach) Fu, B. and Chen, L. 1996 (landscape diversity types and their ecological significance), and Waylen K.A. et.al 2013 (the need to disentangle key concepts from ecosystems-approach jargon).

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 15 Biologically Significant Areas Improved Protect (Hectares) Target Protected Area / LGU Wildlife Sites Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 (Actual) (Actual) (Target) (Estimates) Bud Bongao Local Conservation Area 107 (Bongao) Upper Malum Watershed (Panglima Sugala) 3,050 GenSan- Mount Matutum Protected Landscape 13,947 Sarangani- Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape 210,883 South Cotabato Allah Valley Protected Landscape 102,350 (Region 12) Mount Busa Key Biodiversity Area 85,497 Forest Land Use Planning 121,226 153,047 162,977 Rizal 45,689 Quezon 40,421 Bataraza 23,558 Palawan Brooke’s Point 6,095 Sofronio Española 24,421 Puerto Princesa City 149,004 El Nido 13,973 Zamboanga City- Zamboanga City 35,116 39,259 Sulu Archipelago (Protection and Conservation Area) Malungon 32,314 Polomolok 2,186 Region 12 Tampakan 20,716 Tupi 4,498 TOTAL 141,296 124,337 294,929 626,895

 Upon confirmation by DENR-BMB of the fourth Protect Wildlife site, assess the new site and hold consultations with PENROs/CENROs, provincial and municipal LGUs, other key agencies and stakeholders to determine readiness of partners and possible entry points for Protect Wildlife technical assistance. The team will prepare an inter-SA startup plan that identifies SA activities that may be started in the new site while the site office is being established.

Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management

 Discuss and plan with DENR-BMB a feasible mechanism for mentoring PAMOs established under the ENIPAS Act, especially for the 52 protected areas that were represented in the DENR-BMB- Protect Wildlife orientation and training on policy-consistent and holistic protected area planning and implementation. Mentoring of PAMOs will be coordinated with DENR regional technical divisions.  As discussed with the DENR Assistant Secretary for Staff Bureaus, start the process of consolidating and organizing Protect Wildlife’s current capacity-building programs on protected area management. These will be inputs to the development of an in-house short-term training program for the proposed DENR Protected Area Management Academy. The team will help design a training program that will complement degree-oriented programs of University of the Philippines Los Baños and other institutions. Assist DENR-BMB develop the concept of the academy and the formulation of a roadmap for setting up and institutionalizing the academy.  Organize discussions with DENR-BMB, DENR-FMB, NCIP, and the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board on the possibility of enhancing the current land use planning approaches in forest lands, protected areas, ancestral domains and disaster risk areas as part of LGU comprehensive land use plans (CLUPs). Current approaches need to reflect better integration with the CLUP process to

16 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 improve connectivity among different planning units, linkages between conservation and local developments, and complementation between land and resource use and regulation.  With the site teams, complete the series of training modules for protected area and forest land use planning that will allow the achievement of Year 3 training targets and number of hectares of biologically significant areas in Palawan, Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago, and Region 12 under improved management (refer to Table 4). Training and mentoring activities in Year 3 will be done in partnership with national (BMB and FMB) and local DENR units, PAMBs and 11 cities and municipalities. In Year 3, these are expected to result in 50 LGU staff and 760 community members (barangay and community leaders, upland farmers, fisherfolk and others) trained on integrated resource planning and management.  Work with DENR for the designation of key technical staff from DENR-FMB and DENR-BMB to participate in some FLUP and protected area planning activities in order for them to be familiar with the enhancements that the Protect Wildlife is doing in the sites. The activity will invite the DENR- FMB and DENR-BMB designated staff to participate in completing the draft forest land use and protected area management plans, deliberations on the plans with LGUs, PAMBs, and regional DENR working groups, plan legitimization and approval processes, and in in identifying and formulating support policies and institutional arrangements for FLUP and protected area management plan implementation. This intervention is critical to move forward to higher levels of results in the SA 3 results chain.

Theory of Change Result: PAMB formulates improved policies for better protected area management

 Support DENR-BMB in organizing a final consultation meeting with experts on biodiversity and protected area management on the finalization and implementation of the 2018-2028 National Protected Area System Master Plan. The consultations will be attended by CSO members, academe and national government agency representatives who supported the development of the plan. The master plan supports the ENIPAS and the Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (PBSAP). The plan also addresses the country’s commitment to implement targets set by the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Aichi Targets, specifically Target 11 under Strategic Goal C (Improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity). Protect Wildlife will share cases that address the funding gap in protected area management and provide advice on setting up of the Protected Area Management Academy.  Support DENR-BMB in the design and conduct of regional consultation and operationalization of the PBSAP in Regions 9, 12 and ARMM on September 24 to 28, 2018 in South Cotabato. Protect Wildlife will share its experiences and lessons with recommendations for the operationalization of the PBSAP, especially on the following: . Ecosystems resource valuation and establishing PES systems with LGUs and PAMBs; . Conservation-based land use planning with LGUs for protected areas, forest lands and ancestral domains; . Enforcement of biodiversity-related laws; and . Behavior change communication campaigns. The participation of Protect Wildlife in the PBSAP by way of reporting specific contributions to relevant national indicators (policies, improved management of conservation areas, research, etc.) connects well to the various Theories of Change of the five SAs.  Explore thematic partnership with the Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN). BIOFIN and Protect Wildlife share mutually beneficial concerns concerning sound protected area management. Protect Wildlife generates site lessons, cases and experiences that BIOFIN can use to justify the long-term benefits of providing systematic and substantial funding to biodiversity. The following areas offer collaborative thematic partnership:

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 17 . Framework for mainstreaming biodiversity into national development and sectoral planning; . Methodology for assessing a country’s biodiversity financing needs; and . Framework for national-level biodiversity financing. A joint piloting experience is expected to produce and test doable policy measures to respond to the sustainable financing issues described in the NPASMP.

Theory of Change Result: Protected area management board recommends management models to serve as basis for DENR policies and support  Support and participate in the regional consultations for the finalization of the ENIPAS Implementing Rules and Regulations. Protect Wildlife support will include facilitation and documentation of all regional discussions on IRR sections on zoning and tenure, as well as funding of regional consultations in Mindanao. The experiences of Protect Wildlife provide good cases for improved protected area management and planning.  Participate in discussions and review of the new draft of the Sustainable Forest Management Act, which has been submitted to the House of Representatives. Protect Wildlife will work with DENR- FMB and the Society of Filipino Foresters, Inc. in organizing in October 2018 a national-level consultation with society members on the draft act.

SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed  With the relevant SAs, consolidate reports and publications on the focal species, wildlife habitats, and ecosystem services in Year 2 and Year 3 sites. Continue to identify knowledge gaps that may be addressed by research and determine if there are any active interest by national and local universities, other institutions, researchers and graduate students to undertake relevant research in the sites.  Revisit the initial research capacity assessment of partner universities that can potentially support research needs that are articulated in the updated management plans of protected areas. Identify specific capacities of colleges and universities in networking, writing research proposals, joint research, and responding to the needs of protected areas and local conservation sites. The findings will help design training activities that will help researchers improve their skills to look for research funds, write responsive proposals, prepare technical papers, and collaborate with experts and resource institutions.

Theory of Change Result: Capacity of partner colleges and universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased  Develop an “alert system” that will allow Protect Wildlife to send out quickly to partner universities and local research networks calls for submission of biodiversity-related research proposals and invitations to training and scientific symposia from local and international grant giving institutions. Partner universities will be encouraged to directly connect with these local and foreign grant funding institutions such as, Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCAARRD), Commission on Higher Education (CHED), PCIEERD, Foundation for the Philippine Environment, Forest Foundation of the Philippines, USAID, U.S. State Department, British Embassy, Australian Embassy and others.  Identify and explore opportunities for Protect Wildlife target sites to be part of national, regional or global biodiversity studies of local and international research organizations and universities. These could provide opportunities for local universities and other partners to participate in or contribute to studies of broader significance, and learn/adopt new or improved methodologies in biodiversity research. In relation to this, the following will be explored:

18 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 . Ranger and community perception study that will form part of a multi-country study of World Wildlife Fund. This can cover one or more of the target protected areas of the activity. . Tarsier habitat and distribution study with the University of the Philippines Institute of Biology. Mount Matutum is a potential study area. . Rafflesia habitat and distribution study with the University of the Philippines College of Science. . Development of weather indices for Weather Index-Based Insurance with other government and quasi-government institutions, such as Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation; Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration; University of the Philippines Los Baños; and Department of Agriculture.  Develop a mechanism that will enable Protect Wildlife to support biodiversity research by graduate students in activity. The SA 4 team will review the current mechanism for grant-giving organizations and similar schemes that may be available in some universities. The research areas have to be consistent with the research and development priorities in Protect Wildlife sites and produce science- based information and tools that will help strengthen protected area management, enforcement and livelihood support.  Continue to review the relevance, technical soundness and implementability of submitted research proposals. Assist partners and site teams plan for the implementation of research studies. As appropriate, explore collaborative undertakings with other universities and technical support from and co-funding arrangements with relevant institutions, such as the DENR-Ecosystem Research and Development Bureau (DENR-ERDB), Department of Science and Technology (DOST), DOST- Forest Products Research and Development Institute (DOST-FRDI), PCAARRD and CHED.  Monitor the progress of ongoing research studies, review technical reports, and program the publication and/or the presentation of the research studies to stakeholders and in relevant research/biodiversity symposia and fora. The ongoing sea cucumber, medicinal plants and Philippine pangolin studies consist of sub-studies that are expected to be substantially completed within Year 3.  Engage short-term technical consultants needed to assist partner universities in their curriculum development initiatives particularly on Environmental Law and Protection, Environmental Science and Marine Biology. With the increased interest of partner universities in this technical assistance, Protect Wildlife could exceed its target for the year.  Collaborate with relevant organizations in the design and conduct of local, national and international biodiversity fora that provide opportunities for Protect Wildlife and its partners to share results of assessments, research studies and innovations in conservation management, and network with other organizations in biodiversity conservation. Immediate opportunities are the 4th National Conference on Sustainable Development and 5th Palawan Research Symposium on July 2018, the 27th Philippine Biodiversity Symposium on October 2018, and the 2nd Philippine Symposium on Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystems on December 2018.

SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies

In Year 3, Protect Wildlife will continue building capacities of partner law enforcement agencies to reduce threats to wildlife habitats and species and disrupt wildlife trafficking. It will work with the three agencies tasked to lead wildlife law enforcement, specifically the DENR, DA-BFAR and the PCSDS, as well as the Department of Justice (DOJ) as the prosecutorial arm. In Year 3, Protect Wildlife will initiate discussions with DENR-BMB (and DENR field units) and its law enforcement agency partners on the institutionalization of enforcement training, the integration and analysis of data on wildlife cases available at DENR-BMB and partners, and the establishment or strengthening of enforcement at points of entry/exit, transport and trading of wildlife.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 19 Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacity improved

 Support DENR-BMB in the analysis of its enforcement data and in exploring access to PNP, NBI, Customs and Coast Guard records of arrests and confiscations related to wildlife trade. The analysis of the merged data should provide a more complete picture of the illegal wildlife trade in the country that will be useful for a coordinated enforcement planning by all relevant agencies. Protect Wildlife will provide technical assistance services for this activity.  Assist DENR-BMB as it spearheads the institutionalization of wildlife law enforcement and regulatory training within the department. There is a need to standardize knowledge on laws and protocols on wildlife and biodiversity law enforcement of DENR personnel assigned in enforcement units. The SA 5 team will work with the DENR-BMB in developing a standard enforcement course design that will be made mandatory training for DENR enforcement personnel. The course design will be a refinement of the Basic Wildlife Law Enforcement and Wildlife Forensics and Criminal Investigation training courses that DENR has been using. The standardization and institutionalization proposal, with the course design, budget requirements and implementation plan, will be submitted to the field operations office and other appropriate DENR offices, including its human resources division, for approval and adoption. The SA 5 team will assist DENR-BMB in the implementation of standardized training in its target provinces and regions.  Collaborate with the DENR and the National Law Enforcement Coordinating Committee-Sub- Committee on Environment and Natural Resources (NALECC-SCENR) in developing and pilot testing specialized courses for specific units or staff of DENR, DA-BFAR and PCSDS. These courses will focus on emerging issues on wildlife regulation and trafficking, such as the following: . Wildlife identification and handling: To develop technical skills of DENR personnel to identify species per taxa and improve regulatory and enforcement functions in monitoring both legal and illegal wildlife trade. . Non-detrimental findings: To train DENR and the country’s scientific authorities in determining the viability of allowing export trade of Philippine wildlife species. . Cybercrime: To train enforcement agencies on addressing online-based wildlife trafficking, which is increasingly becoming one of the primary points of sale. . Money laundering: Capacitate DENR and other allied law enforcement agencies to trace illegal financial transactions related to wildlife trafficking to allow for its forfeiture and to trace the flow of funding for illegal wildlife trade. . Enforcement management and leadership: Capacitate enforcement supervisors and managers to improve analysis for deployment and handling of personnel, prioritization of actions and adaptive management.  Support the finalization and adoption of the five-year Fisheries Law Enforcement Operations Action Plan through the issuance of a Fisheries Office Order or equivalent memorandum. Pending its approval, the team will continue to support the development of the poaching protocol and other CWT-related policies identified as priorities in the five-year action plan.  Assist the DOJ’s National Prosecution Service to review and improve its in-house capacity-building program. A focus group discussion will identify needed refinements to the training designs, teaching techniques, and guidebook for resource persons; skills gaps within the training pool; and logistics and budget support. This activity will also be an opportunity to gather feedback and suggestions from among the 145 prosecutors who were trained with Protect Wildlife assistance. The activity will support trainers’ training that will address any gap validated in the review and the expansion of DOJ’s in-house pool of trainers.  With DENR-BMB, collaborate with the Philippine National Police-Maritime Group (PNP-MG) in institutionalizing wildlife and environmental law training courses for its officers. The SA 5 team will work with the PNP-MG in-house training team to develop the appropriate course design, which can possibly include usage of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, for formal adoption. For this,

20 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 the team will explore possible tie up with INL, which will continue to support the activities of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the country. Protect Wildlife will support the initial run of the developed course design and train trainers from among the PNP-MG team. It can then roll out the training as part of their regular programs.  Facilitate the review and updating of the DENR’s Manual of Operations on Wildlife Law Enforcement to consider the field experience of DENR operatives and other law enforcement agencies. On prosecution and adjudication, the team will assist the Philippine Judicial Academy and other partners in the review and enhancement of the Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases that will guide enforcers, prosecutors and judges in case filing, evidence presentation and trials for civil and criminal cases involving environmental laws, rules and regulations.  Participate in the review and preparation of the IRR of the ENIPAS Act. Continue to support the ongoing development of the adjudication rules for protected areas, National Protocol on Poaching in Philippine Waters, and other new policy initiatives of DENR-BMB and DA-BFAR.  Provide technical support to DENR-BMB and SA 1 in the development and implementation of the national CWT campaign.

Theory of Change Result: National and local coordination mechanisms for enforcement strengthened  Support DENR-BMB in advocating for the adoption of WildLEAP by NALECC-SCENR member agencies and mainstreaming CWT into their respective enforcement programs and budgets. Mainstreaming will require commitment to adhere to information sharing and reporting protocols, continuing capacity development of its enforcers on wildlife law enforcement, and support to field- level joint enforcement practices such as periodic inspection/manning of possible points of entry or exit and trading (ports, transport terminals, markets, pet shops, etc.) of illegally harvested wildlife and wildlife products. Protect Wildlife can support the strengthening of the collaborative approach through yearly enforcement action plans. This should result in the overall improvement in the monitoring of wildlife law enforcement operations and an increase in reported apprehensions of trafficked and illegally traded wildlife and wildlife products.

TABLE 5: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 3 ACTIVITIES IN MANILA

2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S

SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Design and conduct CEPA strategic planning workshop where BCC and social marketing principles are integrated 2. Assist sites prepare from the C4C training in Palawan and Region 12 Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation 3. Design and implement national CWT integrated media campaign with DENR-BMB 4. Launch campaign through in-flight magazine and targeted advertising 5. Initiate with DENR-BMB development of communications and advocacy plan for courier companies

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 21 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 6. Explore with The Mind Museum the development of a travelling exhibition on wildlife conservation 7. Support important BMB events, such as World Wildlife Day 8. Assist DENR-BMB develop a communication plan for the adoption and mainstreaming of WildLEAP Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation 9. Design mentoring program for C4C graduates 10. Hold symposium/annual gathering of C4C batches SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Conduct PES assessment; develop strategy and work plan for technical assistance delivery 2. Design training and mentoring approach for PES tools 3. Develop PES case stories 4. Develop process and tool for costing and financing protected area management and FLUP implementation Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners 5. Explore collaboration with private sector and generate funding commitments Theory of Change Result: Partners initiate and implement financing arrangements 6. Organize regional/provincial consultations for FSSI funding

7. Develop work plan with Abraham Holdings 8. Support efforts under Protect Wildlife-LWR partnership and LWR-ECLOF agreement 9. Identify, explore and harness complementary technical and technology assistance and services 10. Monitor utilization of financing schemes and benefits to individuals and communities

SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified 1. Support consultations and orientation for new and expansion sites for Year 3 2. Assess fourth Protect Wildlife site and prepare startup plan

22 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management 3. Discuss/plan with DENR-BMB mentoring of PAMOs 4. Assist in preparing concept and roadmap for Protected Area Management Academy 5. Organize discussions on enhancing land use planning approaches for protected areas, forest lands, ancestral domain and disaster risk areas as part of LGU CLUPs 6. Complete protected area management and FLUP training in Year 3 targets 7. Support participation/hands-on training of DENR-FMB and DENR-BMB on FLUP and protected area management Theory of Change Result: PAMB formulates improved policies for better protected area management 8. Support final consultation on 2018-2028 NPASMP 9. Support regional consultation on PBSAP in Regions 9, 12 and ARMM 10. Explore thematic partnership with BIOFIN Theory of Change Result: PAMB recommends management models to serve as basis for DENR policies and support 11. Support regional consultations for ENIPAS IRR 12. Participate in review of new draft of Sustainable Forest Management Act SA 4: Conservation Research

Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Consolidate literature on biodiversity focal interests in Year 3 sites and identify knowledge gaps 2. Revisit research capacity assessment of colleges and universities vis-a-vis research needs in focal sites; initiate proposal development training Theory of Change Result: Capacity of colleges and universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased 3. Send out calls for proposals to partner colleges and universities; link with grant organizations (intermittent) 4. Identify opportunities to be part of national/regional/global biodiversity studies 5. Develop mechanics for Protect Wildlife support for graduate student research 6. Review submitted research proposals; prepare for implementation

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 23 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 7. Monitor ongoing research, review technical reports, program publication/presentation 8. Engage short-term technical consultants to assist curriculum development initiatives 9. Collaborate with organizations in conduct of local, national and international biodiversity fora SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacity improved 1. Assist DENR-BMB in analysis of enforcement data 2. Assist DENR-BMB in institutionalizing wildlife law enforcement and regulatory training in DENR 3. Collaborate with DENR and NALECC- SCENR in developing and pilot testing specialized courses 4. Support finalization and adoption of 5-Year Fisheries Law Enforcement Operations Action Plan 5. Assist DOJ National Prosecution Service improve/implement capacity-building program 6. Collaborate with PNP-MG in institutionalizing wildlife and environmental law training course 7. Facilitate updating of Manual of Operations on Wildlife Law Enforcement; support completion or other policy initiatives 8. Continue to support policy initiatives of DENR-BMB and DA-BFAR Theory of Change Result: National and local coordination mechanisms for enforcement strengthened 9. Support adoption of WildLEAP by NALECC- SCENR member agencies and mainstreaming CWT

2.2 YEAR 3 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN PALAWAN

2.2.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

In Year 2, Protect Wildlife continued to support activities in Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape in southern Palawan and in the five municipalities encompassing the protected area: Bataraza, Brooke’s Point, Quezon, Rizal and Sofronio Española. With land use plans and zoning regimes in place across the five municipalities, in Year 3, Protect Wildlife will increasingly focus efforts on maintaining and reinforcing these gains and positioning local stakeholders to sustain them by increasing conservation finance flows and continuing to build capacity and strengthen management systems. Broadly, these efforts will involve promotion of conservation, management and production activities within their respective land use zones, while also supporting wildlife enforcement officers’ (WEOs) efforts to monitor and enforce compliance with FLUPs and protected area management plans. At the provincial and sub-provincial level, the enforcement team will continue to assess skills and provide capacity building, training

24 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 and mentorship for operating enforcement units, including task forces, LGUs, protected areas, DENR- CENROs and CSO groups; conduct violations assessments; and provide technical support and introduce new tools and systems for wildlife crime identification, interventions and prosecutions. The field team and the BCC and conservation financing specialists will complement these efforts by leading activities designed to remove barriers to conservation and compliance with land use plans, particularly those that are related to poaching and trafficking. The BCC team will also shift toward expanded activities using multimedia approaches to increase knowledge awareness, attitude change and adoption of desired behaviors among target audiences. Under SA 2 in Year 2, Protect Wildlife work with Brooke’s Point LGU to re-invest PES revenue from water utilities for watershed restoration in Mount Mantalingahan was successful and has affirmed that internally generated contributions from ecosystem services-dependent enterprises are a viable source of conservation finance. This revenue has been committed to fund conservation activities outlined in management plans. In addition, Protect Wildlife’s livelihoods program—a partnership between USAID, LWR and ECLOF— introducing a microcredit scheme with complementary technical training is providing local populations with access to new livelihood opportunities that serve as alternatives to poaching and other destructive land use practices. Financing for conservation in Mount Mantalingahan is now a mix of DENR, LGU, private sector financing for livelihoods (Protect Wildlife-LWR and LWR-ECLOF partnerships) and PES revenues. The team will strive to replicate this model of conservation financing in Palawan and other Protect Wildlife sites. Outside of Mount Mantalingahan, Protect Wildlife provided support on discreet initiatives with a number of local stakeholders. Year 2 highlights include efforts to:  Help the Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park management board to lead consultations with stakeholders on institutional options to resolve staffing pattern issues and questions of financial sustainability. In Year 3, the activity will continue to support efforts to address these institutional challenges while also providing assistance for a major BCC campaign built around Tubbataha’s 30th anniversary.  Provide technical support to Ursula Island and Rasa Island stakeholders for revising existing protected area management plans. In Year 3, Protect Wildlife will offer capacity-building opportunities in protected area management while also working with LGUs to execute financial planning and budgeting in support of protected area management.  Assist Puerto Princesa City officials in executing a review and revision of their existing FLUP. Among the focal areas in Year 3, the activity will continue to provide wildlife and environmental law enforcement training opportunities to local enforcement officers, and will complement these efforts with BCC campaigns, including a potential initiative around reducing demand for traditional charcoal using mangrove and endemic forest species by delineating forest lands where communities can develop fuelwood farms and set up charcoal making facilities to supply domestic needs.  Launch pilots on sandfish culture to explore the potential of aquaculture to restore depleted populations and to also serve as a livelihood opportunity for local fisherfolk.  Launch the PCSDS-endorsed recommendation for proclaiming the area coverage of Philippine pangolin as a reservation unit within the city government’s plan to declare Anepahan as a critical habitat. The area of the pangolin habitat will be based on the ongoing population study, which is designed to produce baseline estimates that can be used to monitor population over time.  Complete initial consultation activities with El Nido local stakeholders regarding a potential partnership on wildlife and environmental law enforcement. In Year 3, the team will also work with El Nido officials to strengthen their CLUP. The team will also support Puerto Princesa City to improve their conservation land uses as part of their CLUPs.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 25 2.2.2 YEAR 3 FOCUS Figure 2 shows the target Year 3 sites for Palawan. SA 2 and SA 3 will mainly focus on existing sites and move toward El Nido and Cleopatra’s Needle. SA 5 will have a provincial and sub-provincial focus to continue improving the enforcement support system for operating units. SA 1 will concentrate its activities in support of SA 2, SA 3 and SA 5. It will increasingly use SA 3, SA 4 and SA 5 inputs to tailor its campaigns toward major challenges in conservation areas and enforcement activities. Activities in Calamianes Islands will be coordinated with ongoing activities supported under the USAID Fish Right and Forest Foundation Philippines.

FIGURE 2: PRIORITY SITES FOR PALAWAN IN YEAR 3

26 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2.2.3 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved

 Conduct second C4C training for central and northern Palawan partners.  Guide and mentor the development of mini BCC campaigns in the five southern Palawan LGUs, in Mount Mantalingahan, Puerto Princesa City and northern Palawan.  Conduct knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) survey in Cleopatra’s Needle.  Conduct social research in Barangay Quinlogan, Quezon and Barangay Amas, Brooke’s Point in relation to SA 1 learning question on effective messaging.

Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation  Together with PCSDS and DENR, help plan and support campaigns and advocacies of partners. The following show the range of mini campaigns that may be implemented in Palawan by the two batches of C4C trainees: . Sustainable ecotourism (Mount Mantalingahan, El Nido-Taytay); . Habitat and species protection (Cleopatra’s Needle); . Conservation of commonly traded species, such as blue-naped parrot, talking mynah, Philippine forest turtle, box turtle, Philippine pangolin (Palawan-wide); . “Reefs for Keeps,” conservation of tiger shark (Tubbataha Reefs); . Sea cucumber as threatened species, regulated harvesting (Narra); . Demand reduction on traditional charcoal (Puerto Princesa City); . PES adoption by water utilities, ecotourism and other ecosystem-based enterprises (Palawan- wide); and . PES for watershed rehabilitation, ecotourism enhancement (southern Palawan, El Nido).  Integrate a BCC component in protected area management and FLUP plans that are currently being formulated.  With SA 5, assist partners localize the national-level CWT campaign and launch in Palawan airports (Puerto Princesa, El Nido and Busuanga); seaports (Puerto Princesa City, Brooke’s Point, Buliluyan, Rio Tuba, Taytay, El Nido, Coron); and bus and public vehicle terminals (Puerto Princesa City and all municipalities).

Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation  Explore with owners of tourism facilities and enterprises in Puerto Princesa City and El Nido support for the development of BCC campaigns for the tourism sector. The campaigns will focus on major threats to the ecosystem services that support and sustain their enterprises. The main themes may cover habitat protection, buying behavior of both tourists and tourist enterprises (wildlife species and wildlife products), support to local indigenous products, and management of solid waste and wastewater.  Support PCSDS initiative to promote province-wide PES adoption with a communications plan.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 27 SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation

Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation  Document and assess current public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for enforcement, regulation and development activities and overall management of protected areas and public lands/forest lands within LGU jurisdiction. This will be done using templates prepared by the SA 2 team for target protected areas and LGUs with FLUP assistance (Mount Mantalingahan, El Nido-Taytay, Cleopatra’s Needle, southern Palawan LGUs and Puerto Princesa City). This will serve as a baseline for the preparation of the financing component of protected area management plans and FLUPs.  As the FLUPs of the five LGUs that cover Mount Mantalingahan and forest lands in southern Palawan are completed, initiate discussion with the Forest Foundation Philippines, which administers the endowment fund to identify activities that will support priority conservation activities in forest lands and in the protected area.

Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners

 Partner with PCSDS and the provincial government in developing a province-wide PES policy.  Following the assessment of PES opportunities in El Nido, Puerto Princesa City, and other LGUs and protected areas in the province, facilitate formal commitments by LGUs, PAMBs and ecosystem-based enterprises to pursue PES.  Continue to explore public-private partnership potentials in Palawan. Hold discussions and mini- investment forum with public and private organizations and relevant donor projects to generate funding commitments on the following areas: . Community livelihoods, enterprises, and organizing and strengthening community organizations in and near protected areas and forest lands; . Development of smallholder perennial crops and tree farms in production forest lands to meet future local demand for food, fiber, non-timber forest products, timber and fuelwood; . Setting up of ecotourism facilities and services in multiple use zones of protected areas; . Provision of basic social and infrastructure services for communities in allowed sub-zones of multiple use zones and forest lands; . Behavior change communication campaigns; and . Strengthening of tenure rights in protected areas, forest lands and ancestral domain claims.

Theory of Change Result: Government and CSOs implement financing arrangements

 Support LGUs to enact ordinances or issue resolutions that formally adopts the PES scheme. Develop work plans with LGUs and partners to guide them in the PES process.  Using the clustered training and mentoring approach, initiate cost and revenue analysis and cost- based resource valuation of ecosystem services for specific ecosystem-linked enterprises of LGUs or private sector. Assist LGUs develop business plans for their waterworks systems and adopt ring- fencing and PES fund management guidelines.  Assist LGUs enact ordinances that commit funding/budgets for protected area management (Mount Mantalingahan, Rasa Island, Ursula Island, El Nido-Taytay and Cleopatra’s Needle) and FLUP implementation (five LGUs in southern Palawan, El Nido and Puerto Princesa City).

28 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3  Finalize agreements and mechanisms for accessing funding support from Palawan-based public and private organizations.  Assist PAMBs of target protected areas to review and refine or develop guidelines for the establishment of their IPAF and the generation and utilization of revenues.

Theory of Change Result: Existing and new funds established for investments supporting biodiversity conservation

 Monitor the establishment of PES accounts by LGUs and partner private enterprises and the status of funds generation and utilization  Using the Brooke’s Point PES model, facilitate the establishment of legitimized re-investment mechanism for PES revenues of Brooke’s Point Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association and Rizal, Sofronio Española and Bataraza LGUs. Work with newly established PES schemes to identify areas for re-investing their PES revenues.  Monitor the lending operations and status of the credit fund established under the LWR-ECLOF partnership.  Monitor inclusion of LGUs and national agencies (DENR, NCIP, PNP, NBI, PCSDS) funding commitments for protected area management, environmental law enforcement, and support for community-based forest management and IP communities in respective annual budgets, particularly for 2019.

Theory of Change Result: Improved value chains for livelihoods and enterprises generates revenues

 Support organizational strengthening of Protect Wildlife-LWR livelihood beneficiaries and training on improved, diversified and sustainable cropping technologies and marketing. Maintain partnership with the Municipal Agriculture Offices of southern Palawan LGUs.  Coordinate with and support ECLOF on the provision of other livelihood support for credit beneficiaries provided under the LWR-ECLOF agreement (e.g., extension services, improved driers for seaweeds to improve quality).  Support training on farm planning and agroforestry of participants to the PES-funded Tigaplan watershed rehabilitation and ensure that quality seedlings and inputs are provided to participants. Follow up with LGU on other committed support, such as access roads and water supply.  Support data collection, community consultations, training and other activities in relation to livelihood and community enterprises to be supported by funding from FSSI, Abraham Holdings and other partners.

Theory of Change Result: Social, economic and environmental benefits for communities, revenues for LGUs and profit/goodwill for private sector generated

 Facilitate the integration of conservation messages and information into orientation, training, community meetings and other activities for target beneficiaries of livelihood and enterprise projects.  Monitor the number of farmers and fisherfolk benefitting from the different livelihood and enterprise interventions. Document socioeconomic and environmental benefits from interventions and prepare case stories from such documentation.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 29 SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified

 Work with DENR field units, key staff of LGUs, which have formally sought Protect Wildlife assistance in FLUP and protected area planning, members of PAMBs, and other stakeholders in Puerto Princesa City and El Nido in site-specific training activities for FLUP and protected area planning in new and expansion sites. Theory of Change Result: Increased understanding of barriers to participation of men and women in conservation area management  As part of the preparation for protected area management planning and FLUP training in Puerto Princesa City and El Nido, conduct stakeholder and gender analysis. Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, PAMBs and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management

 With DENR regional and CENRO participation, support the completion and legitimization of the following plans: . Forest land use plan of Bataraza . Forest land use plan of Brooke’s Point . Forest land use plan of Quezon . Forest land use plan of Rizal . Forest land use plan of Sofronio Española . Zone-based updated management plan of Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape Protect Wildlife will support the DENR Region 4B-initiated review process for these plans. The activity will facilitate the participation of representatives of DENR-FMB, DENR-BMB, HLURB, PCSDS, and the provincial NCIP in the deliberations. The FLUPs and protected area plan include a five-year work and financial plan with a varied portfolio of financing mechanisms for costs related to the management, rehabilitation/development, regulation and enforcement in protected and conservation areas, and in production/multiple use areas.  Work with DENR and PCSDS for the creation and orientation of a DENR-LGU-PCSDS steering committee for the implementation of the approved FLUPs of the five LGUs in Mount Mantalingahan and of Puerto Princesa City.  Continue to train and mentor the technical working group of Puerto Princesa City on the next stages of FLUP after the completion of field validation activities.  Train and mentor the technical working groups of El Nido and Cleopatra’s Needle on the protected area planning process. Protect Wildlife will target agreement and endorsement of the zoning of these protection and conservation areas within Year 3.  Initiate training and mentoring of El Nido technical working groups for the preparation of its FLUP. Theory of Change Result: LGUs co-lead with DENR in conservation and enforcement efforts

 Protect Wildlife will discuss with DENR through FMB and the Palawan province through the PCSDS how to translate the co-management agreement in Palawan by:

30 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 . Assisting the LGUs with legitimized plans to prepare detailed implementation work plans for at least the initial two years, with corresponding policy support and budgets. . Operationalizing the zone-based investment strategies to attract public and private investment for conservation in forest lands. . Assisting the LGUs craft environment-friendly investment policies for legislation and regulation. LGUs will be mentored to put in place a monitoring system to track its progress and periodically assess the socioeconomic and environmental outcomes of FLUP implementation. . Developing training and practicum modules for delineating boundaries of major categories of land uses in forest lands and demarcating special protection zones, multiple-use zones and Environmentally Critical Areas Network zones in Mount Mantalingahan. . Discuss the lessons, techniques, and approaches with concerned LGUs, DENR field units, and PCSDS to help them develop their annual work and financial plans to continue carrying out the delineation and demarcation activities as part of their regular agency activities.  Assist the PAMB, PAMO and LGUs establish respective roles and commitments and identify activities that will be undertaken jointly for the implementation of management plans of Mount Mantalingahan, Rasa Island and Ursula Island.  With DENR and PCSDS, facilitate the formulation of a unified enforcement plan for the Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape management plan. Protect Wildlife will also provide assistance in the development of an enforcement coordination protocol that will be adopted by all major enforcement agencies operating in the protected area for better coordination of enforcement operations and reporting of wildlife and environmental crimes.

Theory of Change Result: PAMB formulated improved policies for better protected area management

 Orient PAMB members of Mount Mantalingahan, Rasa Island, Ursula Island and El Nido-Taytay on the ENIPAS law, particularly on broadened powers in formulating protected area-specific policies, review and endorsement of management plans, direct advocacy, conservation management, networking, regulation and enforcement activities.  Facilitate the identification and discussion of protected area policies relevant to Mount Mantalingahan that will require updating or revision. PAMB policy actions and proposals can then be included in the updated management plan.

Theory of Change Result: PAMB recommends management models to serve as basis for DENR policies  Engage some PAMBs in the review and analysis of some protected area policies based on Protect Wildlife experiences and lessons in their sites. These policies may include strengthening tenure and claim rights of communities in the protected area, establishment of PES systems, and environmental impact assessment/statement and environmental compliance certificate for investments in protected areas, forest lands and mining areas. They may also include some operational guidelines from DENR-BMB and DENR-FMB, such as the Biodiversity Monitoring System and Socioeconomic Assessment and Monitoring System. Protect Wildlife will assist PAMBs analyze these policies and articulate their positions and recommendations (or draft policy) so these can be submitted to DENR- BMB and DENR-FMB with endorsement by the DENR Regional Director.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 31 Theory of Change Result: Professional development of WEOs, enforcement groups and LGU zoning officers is supported

 Train additional LGU-based and community WEOs in southern and northern Palawan. Work with DENR PENRO and PCSDS in providing mentoring and logistical support to improve their practices and systems. Protect Wildlife will facilitate the deputation of trained WEOs by PCSD.  With DA-BFAR and PCSDS, conduct enforcement training for Bantay Dagat in southern Palawan, with post-training coaching and mentoring for deputation and to improve enforcement practices and systems.

SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed  Identify and gather information and publications from partners on biodiversity focal interests and threats in Cleopatra’s Needle and El Nido-Taytay. Also, identify any ongoing and recent researches or programs by partners in these sites on focal species, wildlife habitats and ecosystem services.  As a preliminary activity to curriculum development assistance to specific universities, assess each partner university’s current capability, resources and plans to effectively and sustainably deliver the proposed subjects or programs. Short-term technical consultants engaged to provide technical assistance on specific academic fields will lead the assessment, and identify as well the specific capacity-building needs of the university in terms of faculty training, teaching materials and facilities.

Theory of Change Result: Universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholder priorities and needs  Follow up with partner universities on the preparation of conservation-oriented research, development and extension (RDE) agenda.  Explore possibility of long-term institutional arrangements between a university and protected areas to sustain support to science-based policy and technology needs of protected areas. Facilitate the forging of an agreement or other collaborative arrangement (e.g., membership in the PAMB, as in the case of Western Philippines University in the Mount Mantalingahan PAMB) between universities and the protected area. Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased

 Provide technical support to the sandfish study through participation and guidance in field monitoring activities; develop a communications plan to raise awareness on the experiment and implications on local livelihoods.  Provide coordination and logistical support to the sandfish study of Western Philippines University, the Philippine pangolin study of PCSDS, Palawan State University and Katala Foundation, and other studies that will be initiated during Year 3. The site team will monitor the progress of field activities and organize periodic feedback of some findings to the PASu and Municipal Agriculture Office of Narra (for sandfish) and members of the research committee (for Philippine pangolin).  Follow up with research teams of Western Philippines University, Palawan State University and Holy Trinity University on preparation and submission of research proposals including CWT-focused ones: . Sustainable utilization and management of almaciga resources in Mount Mantalingahan;

32 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 . Value chain analysis of almaciga resin, the collection of which is a major source of income to indigenous peoples in Palawan; and . Assessment and analysis of indigenous food and medicinal plants of indigenous peoples in central and southern Palawan.  Support mentoring activities for the development or enhancement of the curriculum of the following courses: . Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science (Western Philippines University, Palawan State University) . Bachelor of Science in Marine Biology (Western Philippines University, Palawan State University) . Bachelor of Science in Criminology (Western Philippines University, Palawan State University, Holy Trinity University)  With the enhanced curricula, work with university management on how to build the interest of students in conservation through subjects offered as electives or curriculum-prescribed. Support to the universities will include the development of enhanced teaching materials to complement the curriculum.  Collaborate with PCSDS and Palawan universities in the conduct of the PCSDS-led annual National Conference on Sustainable Development and Palawan Research Symposium. Theory of Change Result: Science-based information for policy-makers, program designers and enforcement agencies

 Schedule a presentation of sandfish monitoring results (upon completion of the hapa nets and advanced pens stages of the study) to the Rasa Island PAMB, Narra LGU and stakeholders. The information may be used to inform the sandfish management program of the LGU and the zoning plan for Rasa Island. With the expected completion of the sandfish study in Year 3, organize a more formal presentation of the full findings, lessons and recommendations of the study to the PCSDS, DENR, LGUs and other partners. The study recommendations will guide plans to replicate the process for both restocking and sea ranching purposes.  Organize a presentation of preliminary findings of the Philippine pangolin study (after completion of six plots of the ground survey and three plots of the camera traps) to the Environment and Natural Resources Committee of the PCSD, PCSDS, DENR, LGUs and other stakeholders. The initial data will inform the enforcement and BCC program of PCSDS, DENR and LGUs on the Philippine pangolin.  Present the findings and recommendations of the ranger and community perception study in Palawan to DENR-BMB, PCSDS, Mount Mantalingahan PAMO, CENROs and LGUs.

SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies Theory of Change Result: Needs understood

 With DENR and PCSDS, carry out LGU- and protected areas-based violations assessment for El Nido, Cleopatra’s Needle and .  Determine enforcement training and other capacity-building needs of national government agency field units, local PCSDS offices, LGUs, PNP-MG and community groups.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 33 Theory of Change Result: National and local law enforcement capacity improved

 Assist PCSDS and provincial and municipal government units to craft policies to protect threatened species and wildlife habitats, including the following: . Policies adopting the zoning and the prescribed land and resource uses in Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape and forest lands; . Policies for the declaration of local conservation areas, especially identified habitats of the Philippine pangolin and flagship species; and . Policies to address illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and to combat wildlife trafficking at the LGU level.  Continue providing training and mentoring support to PCSDS, DENR, Philippine National Police- Marine Special Operations Unit (PNP-MSOU) and LGUs on wildlife and forestry law enforcement. Among the trainings planned for Year 3 are the following: . Wildlife forensics and criminal investigation (PCSDS, DENR, PNP-MSOU); . Marine mammal rescue; . Basic wildlife law enforcement for DENR (Batch 3) and El Nido and Calamianes LGUs; . Coaching for DENR, PCSDS and LGU wildlife law enforcement officers; and . Bi-annual enforcement assessment and planning (PCSDS).  Work with DENR and PCSDS to develop or improve plans, tools, systems and capacities to identify and report wildlife crimes, including the following: . Protected area-based enforcement group/task force and protocol for coordination and reporting, pursuant to the management plans of Mount Mantalingahan, Rasa Island and Ursula Island; . Wildlife trafficking detection and monitoring in airports, selected ports and trading points; . PCSDS’ continuing programmatic development of the Biodiversity Resources Access Information Network (BRAIN) System. Protect Wildlife will support the continued development of the system, which is programmed to be launched on March 2019. . Palawan Wildlife Enforcement Network (PalaWEN), which will be operationalized in Year 3. Protect Wildlife will support consultative meetings, workshops and conferences for both security and civilian groups.

Theory of Change Result: Local enforcement improved  Assist field units of national enforcement agencies and southern Palawan LGUs organize and analyze data on enforcement actions for use in internal assessment of performance and effects of technical assistance, and in planning enforcement operations.

TABLE 6: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 3 ACTIVITIES IN PALAWAN

2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S

SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Conduct second C4C training for central and northern Palawan partners 2. Guide and mentor the development of mini BCC campaigns 3. Conduct KAP survey in Cleopatra’s Needle

34 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 4. Conduct social research on SA 1 learning question on effective messaging Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation 5. With PCSDS and DENR, help plan and support campaigns and advocacies of partners 6. Integrate BCC in protected area and FLUP plans currently being formulated 7. Localize CWT campaign in airports, seaports, and bus and public vehicle terminals Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation 8. Explore with tourism operators in Puerto Princesa City and El Nido support for BCC campaigns for tourism sector 9. Support PCSDS initiative on province-wide PES adoption SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Document current public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for protected area/forest land management 2. Initiate discussions with Forest Foundation Philippines on funding support for priority conservation areas Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements are identified and designed with partners 3. Support PCSDS and provincial government in developing province-wide PES policy 4. Facilitate formal commitments by LGUs, PAMBs and enterprises to pursue PES 5. Explore public-private partnership potentials in Palawan through discussions/mini- investment forum Theory of Change: Government and CSOs implement financing arrangements 6. Assist LGUs enact ordinances/resolutions formally adopting PES and develop PES work plans 7. Assist partners conduct analysis and valuation, develop business plans and guides for ring-fencing and PES fund management 8. Assist LGUs enact ordinances that commit funding/budgets for protected area management 9. Finalize agreements and mechanisms for accessing funding support from Palawan- based public and private organizations 10. Assist PAMBs refine/develop guidelines generation and use of IPAF Theory of Change: Existing and new funds established for investments supporting biodiversity conservation

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 35 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 11. Monitor PES accounts of LGUs and partner private enterprises 12. Facilitate establishment of re-investment mechanism for PES revenues of partner associations and LGUs 13. Monitor lending operations and status of the credit fund under LWR-ECLOF partnership. 14. Monitor LGUs and national agencies funding commitments in 2019 annual budgets Theory of Change: Improved value chains for livelihoods and enterprises generates revenues. 15. Support strengthening and training of livelihood beneficiaries on sustainable cropping technologies and marketing 16. Coordinate with ECLOF on other livelihood support for credit beneficiaries 17. Support training on farm planning/ agroforestry of participants in Tigaplan watershed rehabilitation (PES) 18. Support activities on livelihoods supported by funding from FSSI, Abraham Holdings and other partners Theory of Change: Social, economic and environmental benefits for communities, revenues for LGUs and profit/goodwill for private sector generated. 19. Facilitate integration of conservation messages into orientation, training and meetings for target beneficiaries of livelihood support 20. Monitor farmers and fisherfolks beneficiaries and document socioeconomic and environmental benefits; prepare case studies SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified. 1. Assess competencies of LGUs, DENR, PAMBs and stakeholders in new and expansion sites Theory of Change Result: Increased understanding of barriers to participation of men and women in conservation area management 2. Conduct stakeholder/gender analysis in Puerto Princesa and El Nido Theory of Change: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, PAMBs and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management. 3. Support legitimization/implementation of Mount Mantalingahan and LGU FLUPs (southern Palawan) 4. Work for the creation and orientation of a DENR-LGU-PCSDS steering committee for FLUP implementation 5. Train and mentor TWG of Puerto Princesa City on next stages of FLUP

36 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 6. Train and mentor TWGs of El Nido-Taytay and Cleopatra’s Needle on protected area planning process 7. Train and mentor TWG of El Nido on FLUP

Theory of Change: LGUs co-lead with DENR in conservation and enforcement efforts 8. Discuss with DENR and PCSDS co- management arrangements in LGUs with legitimized FLUPs 9. Assist PAMB, PAMO and LGUs define roles and identify joint activities for Mount Mantalingahan, Rasa Island and Ursula Island 10. Facilitate formulation of unified enforcement plan for the Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape management plan Theory of Change: PAMB formulated improved policies for better protected area management 11. Orient PAMBs on broadened powers on protected area management 12. Facilitate discussion of Mount Mantalingahan policies that require updating or revision Theory of Change: PAMB recommends management models to serve as basis for DENR policies 13. Engage some PAMBs in Palawan in policy review based on Protect Wildlife experiences and lessons Theory of Change: Professional development of WEOs, enforcement groups and LGU zoning officers is supported 14. Train additional LGU-based and community WEOs in southern and northern Palawan 15. With DA-BFAR and PCSDS, conduct Bantay Dagat training in southern Palawan, with coaching/mentoring SA 4: Conservation Research

Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Assist gather information and publications on biodiversity focal interests and threats in Cleopatra’s Needle and El Nido 2. Assess universities’ current capability, resources and plans to deliver new/improved curriculum Theory of Change: Universities have increased capacities to align their RDE with stakeholder priorities and needs 3. Follow up with partner universities preparation of a conservation-oriented RDE 4. Explore long-term institutional arrangements between universities and protected areas; facilitate agreement Theory of Change: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 37 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 5. Provide technical support to sandfish study; assist monitoring activities; provide communications plan 6. Provide coordination and logistical support to ongoing research studies (sandfish, Palawan pangolin, ranger/ community perception, etc.) 7. Hold discussions with universities on pending research proposals 8. Support mentoring activities for curriculum development or enhancement 9. Collaborate with PCSDS and universities in annual scientific forum Theory of Change: Science-based information for policymakers, program designers and enforcement agencies 10. Present sandfish monitoring results and study findings and recommendations to Rasa Island PAMB, Narra LGU and stakeholders 11. Present preliminary findings of Philippine pangolin study to PCSD, PCSDS, DENR, LGUs and others 12. Present findings and recommendations of the ranger and community perception study in Palawan SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement

Theory of Change Result: Needs understood 1. With DENR and PCSDS, conduct violations assessment for El Nido, Cleopatra’s Needle, and Malampaya Sound 2. Determine training and other capacity- building needs of partners in these sites Theory of Change: National and local law enforcement capacity improved 3. Assist PCSDS and LGUs craft policies to protect threatened species and wildlife habitats 4. Provide training and mentoring support to PCSDS, DENR, PNP-MSOU and LGUs 5. Work with DENR and PCSDS to develop/ improve plans, tools, systems and capacities to identify/ and report wildlife crimes (including BRAIN) Theory of Change: Local enforcement improved 6. Assist field units of enforcement agencies and partner LGUs organize and analyze data on enforcement actions for internal assessment of performance (intermittent)

38 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2.3 YEAR 3 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN ZAMBOANGA CITY- SULU ARCHIPELAGO

2.3.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

In Years 1 and 2, Protect Wildlife focused activities in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi, which are located in separate administrative regions. Zamboanga City is the capital of Region 9 while Tawi-Tawi province is in ARMM. While Protect Wildlife was able to work with Isabela City in Basilan province in Region 9, for FLUP collaboration, engagement in Tawi-Tawi was limited to Bongao and Panglima Sugala municipalities. Ongoing military campaigns against lawless elements in Basilan, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi are partly diverting focus on environmental destruction but are also limiting activities to directly engage with local stakeholders in these areas. The gradual shift from the ARMM government system to a new system under the Bangsamoro Organic Law may also impact efforts to engage with Tawi-Tawi stakeholders in the coming year.

2.3.2 YEAR FOCUS

Protect Wildlife interventions in Zamboanga City and Sulu Archipelago will continue to deepen assistance in Zamboanga City and—depending on peace and order conditions—in Tawi-Tawi and Isabela City. The activity will move toward integrating on-site conservation with complementary off-site enforcement activities especially in coastal and marine areas. Zamboanga City offers opportunities to integrate all SA activities through the LGU’s initial interest to incorporate the Biodiversity Management Plan as part of the city’s effort to finalize its Environment Code. The code will comprehensively cover issues, challenges and opportunities for improving waste and water management; urban zoning as part the CLUP; and management, regulation and enforcement in forest lands, protected areas and coastal and marine areas. In Tawi-Tawi, Protect Wildlife will continue working with Bongao for the protection, management and development of Bud Bongao as a local conservation area, potentially opening opportunities for wider engagement in Tawi-Tawi. In addition to the more comprehensive overview of Year 3 activities, Protect Wildlife aims to present the following priority initiatives:  Seizing on growing local interest to work with local stakeholders to develop management plans for the Upper Malum watershed and bird sanctuary in Panglima Sugala;  Supporting Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College in strengthening its Bachelor of Science in Criminology curriculum; and  Launching research proposals for improving coastal and fisheries management with Mindanao State University–Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 39 FIGURE 3: PRIORITY SITES FOR ZAMBOANGA CITY-SULU ARCHIPELAGO IN YEAR 3

40 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2.3.3 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved

 Present results of the Santa Cruz Islands KAP survey findings to the Protected Area Management Unit (PAMU) and BCC campaign team.  Facilitate execution of the KAP survey in Pasonanca Natural Park. Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation

 Using the KAP survey results, conduct mentoring and coaching of trained BCC campaign team in Santa Cruz Islands to intensify campaigns starting October to December 2018. Also, develop a thematic behavior change and communications program as an umbrella campaign program with LGU decision-makers, PAMB members and key partners as target audiences.  Launch a BCC campaign in Pasonanca in partnership with Zamboanga City Water District (ZCWD) and CENRO Zamboanga City. The campaign appropriate for Pasonanca will be in line with PAMB’s aspiration that the protected area be inscribed as an ASEAN Heritage Site by 2020.  Assess local resources (e.g., radio stations, local talents, local champions) in Zamboanga City that are available to support the advocacy and community communication campaigns. Protect Wildlife will provide guidance to concerned LGU and DENR staff on content, strategy and execution consistent with what the participants learned from the modified C4C training.  Conduct a social marketing for behavior change training for members of Bud Bongao Management Council (BBMC) on August 2018 in Bongao, Tawi-Tawi. Around 15 to 20 participants are expected to participate in training.  Design and roll out social marketing and BCC campaigns in Bud Bongao and other conservation areas in Tawi-Tawi in partnership with BBMC, Mindanao State University–Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography, and Saving the Peak for Environment, Culture and Tourism.

SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangement are identified and realigned to support conservation  Finalize the financial plans for the updated management and development plans of Pasonanca and Santa Cruz Islands. These financial plans identify current and potential public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for enforcement, regulation and development activities and overall management of the protected areas. Work with SA 1, SA 3 and Zamboanga City Field Team in organizing an investment forum with various stakeholders to discuss areas for support, co- investment, collaboration, and co-financing opportunities.  Assist the Pasonanca PAMB and ZCWD review and amend its current agreement to formally recognize the annual investment of the water district in the protection of Pasonanca watershed as a form of PES.  Conduct a financial planning workshop for the management plan of Bud Bongao local conservation area. BBMC and the Bongao Local Finance Committee will formulate guidelines on the management and utilization of revenues generated from tourism fees and identify funding sources to address funding gaps in the management of the local conservation area.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 41 Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners

 Conduct roundtable discussions in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi on conservation financing in partnership with FSSI. Target participants include business organizations, microfinance institutions, CSOs and national government agencies. The activity will explore potentials for public-private partnerships that can complement the enterprise financing available under the Protect Wildlife-FSSI partnership. With the expected adoption of the protected area management plans and the FLUP of Zamboanga City, the roundtable discussions could generate funding commitments for the following: . Community livelihoods, enterprises, and organizing and strengthening community organizations in and near protected areas and forest lands; . Development of smallholder perennial crops and tree farms in production forest lands to meet future local demand for food, fiber, non-timber forest products, timber and fuelwood; . Setting up of ecotourism facilities and services in multiple use zones of protected areas; . Provision of basic social and infrastructure services for communities in allowed sub-zones of multiple use zones and forest lands; . Restoration, rehabilitation and regulatory support in designated zones and sub-zones in protected areas and forest lands; . Strengthening of tenure rights in forest lands, including mangrove areas; . Conservation and extension support in forest lands; and . Site-level BCC campaigns.  Assist the PAMU and the Protected Area and Ecotourism Management Board (PAEMB) of Santa Cruz Islands explore options to increase revenue collections from tourism and pursue its institutionalization as a PES scheme.  Identify and assess ecotourism-related PES potentials in Ayala and Manicahan watersheds, mangrove forest lands, and the bird sanctuary and mangrove park in Zamboanga State College of Marine Science and Technology.

SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units

Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, PAMBs and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management  Complete the draft FLUP of Zamboanga City and facilitate technical working group endorsement to DENR Region 9 and the city government of Zamboanga.  Complete the draft updated management and development plan of Santa Cruz Islands for the review and adoption of PAEMB.  Complete the draft of the updated management and development plan of Pasonanca for endorsement to DENR Region 9. Zamboanga City will get to endorse the plan as it forms part of the city’s FLUP and as the city LGU is a member of the PAMB.  Facilitate the preparation and adoption of Community Resource Management Frameworks of the two Protected Area Community-Based Resource Management Agreement people’s organizations (with integration of gender concerns) of communities within Pasonanca starting October 2018 and onwards.  Assist DENR and the city government in updating the management plans of Ayala and Manicahan watersheds with inclusion of financial plan, tenure-strengthening and investments in support of livelihoods, provision of social and infrastructure services, protection and restoration, and watershed management.

42 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3  Assist DENR and the city government in developing a plan for the protection, management and development of mangrove areas in Mampang and Talon-talon and adjacent barangays. The plan will include support for protection and restoration, zoning enforcement, livelihood support, risk reduction, provision of social and infrastructure services for communities, mangrove area management, and wildlife law enforcement.  In Tawi-Tawi, orient five municipalities on the landscape approach to biodiversity conservation, integrating terrestrial, coastal and marine areas for proper zoning, management, regulation and enforcement.  Assist the BBMC in updating the management plan for Bud Bongao.  For other LGUs in Tawi-Tawi, undertake the following interventions: . Initial spatial analysis of Upper Malum watershed in Panglima Sugala to identify the recharge area, land cover, possible habitat of the Sulu hornbill, and major threats. . Initial assessment of mangrove ecosystems for social enterprises in Languyan and Panglima Sugala; and . Review of baseline data on marine protected areas in Sitangkai and Sibutu.  Assist DENR Region 9 in updating the FLUP of Isabela City, Basilan.

Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards

 Conduct orientation on PAMB roles and responsibilities for Pasonanca and Santa Cruz Islands.

Theory of Change Result: Professional development of WEOs, enforcement groups and LGU zoning officers is supported  Conduct mentoring and coaching to improve practices of Pasonanca enforcement team.  Conduct a Bantay Dagat/WEO training for community members in Santa Cruz Islands, with continuing mentoring support to enforce land and resource uses consistent with the approved zoning and sub-zoning regimes.  Conduct training for WEOs (Bantay Dagat and Bantay Kalikasan) of Bongao and Panglima Sugala.

SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed  Identify and gather available information and studies from local partners on biodiversity focal interests and threats in Upper Malum watershed and nearby coastal area. Identify and describe ongoing and recent researches being done by partners and other organizations on focal species (e.g., Sulu hornbill, Philippine slow loris), wildlife habitats and ecosystem services.  Consolidate and assess research needs identified in the course of preparing the management plans of Pasonanca and Santa Cruz Islands. Based on previous assessment of the institutional capability of partner universities, identify the universities with capacity to undertake the research for the focal protected areas.  Finalize the institutional capability analysis for research and development that include their capacity to deliver of new or enhanced curriculum being proposed by partner colleges and universities.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 43 Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholders’ priorities and needs

 Follow up on the RDE agenda formulation of partner colleges and universities that supports protected areas, local conservation areas and marine protected areas in Zamboanga City and Tawi- Tawi.  Facilitate formal link of specific universities with focal protection and conservation areas through memorandum of agreement. Determine support of Protect Wildlife for priority research needs identified for protection and conservation areas—joint implementation and/or leverage funds from other organizations. Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased  Discuss opportunities for CWT research projects in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi with partner colleges and universities and assist them prepare CWT proposals for review and submission.  Based on the priorities of the protected areas and community stakeholders, the team will review the following proposals of partner colleges and universities and support the implementation of selected studies: . Study on the impact of zoning on settlements in Santa Cruz Islands (Ateneo de Zamboanga University); . Socioeconomic study on settlements in mangrove areas in Zamboanga City (); . Coastal resource assessment for marine protected area establishment in Eleven Islands in Zamboanga City (Zamboanga State College of Marine Science and Technology); . Resource assessment of Pasonanca (Western Mindanao State University); and . Seaweed farming using laboratory-grown cultivars (Mindanao State University–Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography).  Support the development or enhancement of the curriculum of the following programs: . Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science (Zamboanga State College of Marine Science and Technology and Western Mindanao State University); . Marine science courses (Zamboanga State College of Marine Science and Technology); and . Bachelor of Science in Criminology (Western Mindanao State University and Mahardika Institute of Technology).

SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies

Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacities to detect, inspect and prosecute improved

 Support PAMO in developing a unified plan of action for environmental law enforcement in Pasonanca and in the passage of key policies for the protected area: . PAMB resolution creating a unified enforcement group on environmental law enforcement with various operating teams; . PAMB resolution supporting the creation of joint mobile checkpoints (barangay, DENR, ZCWD); . PAMB resolutions on wildlife law enforcement in neighboring areas of Pasonanca in Zamboanga del Norte province;

44 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 . Implementation of short messaging service campaign to enable residents to report violations to PASU, CENRO or ZCWD; . Regulation of for existing and new encroachers in Pasonanca Natural; and . PAMB resolution creating and capacitating Task Force No Entrada and clearly specifying its members, functions and responsibilities, operating procedures, reporting structure, and funding requirements and sources.  Support the PAMO and the ZCWD in mainstreaming environmental law enforcement in the protected area among different agencies and in improving their capacities: . Form network/alliance for wildlife and environmental law enforcement for the whole protected area with a memorandum of understanding for inter-agency and inter-office cooperation covenant; . Work with the CENRO Zamboanga City and the city LGU in rolling out Lawin in Zamboanga City to cover protected areas and forest lands; . Formulate protocols and standard operating procedures and institutional arrangements for the execution of policies, regulations and guidelines related to environment and biodiversity; and . Establish a central database for enforcement (e.g., Virtual Private Server).  For Santa Cruz Islands, support PAMU and PAEMB in developing a unified plan of action for environmental law enforcement and in training of enforcement personnel: . Training of community members on fisheries law enforcement; . Coaching and mentoring sessions to improve operations and enforcement practices; . Development of an enforcement protocol for different agencies and task forces (including revisiting the covenant and adding additional members for inter-agency cooperation); and . Development of a database for enforcement operations.  For Zamboanga City, continue support for capacity-building activities for Zamboanga City Anti- Wildlife Trafficking Task Force (ZCAWTTF) member agencies. This will include assistance to operationalize the coordination protocols of the task force and to organize and analyze collective data on enforcement actions for internal assessment and performance assessment.  Support DENR, Zamboanga City and enforcement partners in monitoring markets, seaports and airport concerning wildlife trafficking through the following: . Train national government agencies and law enforcement units on wildlife policies, wildlife identification, permit process and inspection protocols; . Develop memorandum of agreement for agencies operating at ports; and . Support the Composite Fisheries Law Enforcement Team (CFLET) in planning for monitoring of market places for fish caught through IUU fishing.  Continue supporting CFLET by facilitating the creation of a City Fisheries Office and improving law enforcement capacities within municipal waters: . Train barangay captains and newly elected officials on fisheries law enforcement; and . Provide mentoring and coaching sessions for CFLET members.  In Tawi-Tawi, assist partner LGUs develop policies that support wildlife and fisheries law enforcement and protection of wildlife habitats. Also, assist LGUs update or draft ordinances on fisheries and marine protected areas. Follow up on the approval of the Blue Crab Fisheries Management Ordinance of Panglima Sugala.  Explore with DENR Region 9, enforcement law agencies, ARMM and local government the support needed to help improve the protection of and enforcement in Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 45 TABLE 7: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 3 ACTIVITIES IN ZAMBOANGA CITY-SULU ARCHIPELAGO

2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S

SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Present KAP survey findings to PAMU and BCC team 2. Facilitate execution of KAP survey in Pasonanca Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation 3. Conduct mentoring /coaching of BCC team in Santa Cruz Islands; continue support to intensify BCC campaign 4. Launch BCC campaign in Pasonanca 5. Assess local resources in Zamboanga City that can support advocacy and BCC campaigns 6. Conduct social marketing for behavior change training for BBMC and other groups 7. Design and roll out BCC campaign in Bud Bongao and other conservation areas in Tawi-Tawi SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangement are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Finalize financing plans for management and development plans of Pasonanca and Santa Cruz Islands 2. Facilitate review and amendment of agreement of Pasonanca and ZCWD to formally recognize water district’s annual investment on watershed protection as PES 3. Conduct financial planning workshop for the management plan of Bud Bongao Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners. 4. Conduct roundtable discussion to present FSSI support to enterprises and explore complementary public-private partnership 5. Assist PAMU and PAEMB of Santa Cruz Islands to explore options to increase tourism revenues and institutionalize PES 6. Assess ecotourism-related PES potentials in Ayala and Manicahan watersheds, mangroves, and bird sanctuary and mangrove park in ZSCMST SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, PAMBs and

46 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S CSOs in integrated resource planning and management 1. Complete draft FLUP of Zamboanga City; facilitate TWG endorsement to DENR Region 9 2. Complete draft updated management and development plan of Santa Cruz Islands; facilitate adoption by PAEMB 3. Complete draft updated management and development plan of Pasonanca for endorsement to DENR Region 9 4. Facilitate preparation and adoption of Community Resource Management Frameworks of two Protected Area Community-Based Resource Management Agreement people’s organizations in Pasonanca 5. Assist DENR and city LGU update watershed management plans of Ayala and Manicahan 6. Assist DENR and city LGU prepare a protection, management and development plan for mangrove areas 7. Orient five LGUs in Tawi-Tawi on landscape approach to biodiversity conservation, integrating terrestrial, coastal and marine areas 8. Assist BBMC complete draft management plan of Bud Bongao 9. Conduct initial assessment of other identified conservation areas in Tawi-Tawi 10. Assist DENR Region 9 in updating the FLUP of Isabela City, Basilan (intermittent) Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards 11. Conduct orientation of PAMB and PAEMB on their management roles Theory of Change Results: Professional development of WEOs enforcement groups and LGU zoning officer is supported. 12. Conduct mentoring and coaching to improve practices of Pasonanca enforcement team 13. Conduct Bantay Dagat/WEO training for community members in Santa Cruz Islands; facilitate deputation 14. Conduct Bantay Dagat/Bantay Kalikasan/ WEO training for community members in Bongao and Panglima Sugala SA 4: Conservation Research

Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Gather available information and studies from local partners on biodiversity focal interests and threats in Upper Malum watershed 2. Consolidate research needs identified in management plans of Pasonanca and Santa Cruz Islands

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 47 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 3. Undertake institutional capability analysis for research and development and delivery of new/enhanced curriculum by partner colleges and universities Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholders’ priorities and needs 4. Follow up on RDE formulation of partner colleges and universities 5. Facilitate formal link of universities with focal protection and conservation areas through memorandum of agreement Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased 6. Discuss with HEIs opportunities for CWT research in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi 7. Support partner colleges and universities implement research proposals 8. Support mentoring activities for curriculum development or enhancement SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement Theory of Change Results: National and local enforcement capacities to detect, inspect 1. Support PAMO in developing a unified plan for environmental law enforcement in Pasonanca and passage of key policies 2. Support PAMO in mainstreaming environmental law enforcement in agency programs and in improving enforcement capacities 3. Support PAMU and PAEMB in developing a unified plan for environmental law enforcement and training enforcers for Santa Cruz Islands 4. Continue support for capacity-building activities for ZCAWTTF; mentoring and coaching 5. Support DENR and Zamboanga City in monitoring markets, seaports and airport concerning wildlife trafficking 6. Support improving Zamboanga City CFLET capacities through training, mentoring and coaching 7. Assist partner Tawi-Tawi LGUs adopt/enact or update policies on wildlife and fisheries law enforcement and protection of wildlife habitats 8. Explore with DENR Region 9 and ARMM support for improved protection and enforcement in Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary

48 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2.4 YEAR 3 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN GENSAN-SARANGANI- SOUTH COTABATO

2.4.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

In Year 2, Protect Wildlife added technical assistance support to Region 12, including South Cotabato province, Sarangani province and General Santos City, focusing on three protected areas and a key biodiversity area. The region is an emerging growth area in the Philippines that hosts various environmentally critical habitats but is also a major hotspot for wildlife trafficking. Many ports serve as entry and exit points for wildlife species from Indonesia and the Philippines. The region’s habitats are in different stages of degradation and destruction in parallel with the region’s economic development. The threats—mainly to wildlife habitats and wildlife species—are endangering the potential for sustainable growth of the region. Protect Wildlife’s selected landscape sites with diverse ecosystems and habitats are Allah Valley Protected Landscape, Mount Matutum Protected Landscape, Mount Busa Key Biodiversity Area and Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape.

Allah Valley is a major sub-watershed that drains into 21 rivers and 21 creeks, supplying water to at least 27,000 hectares of irrigated rice fields in South Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat while also meeting the industrial and domestic needs of the region. Major threats in this landscape include:  Agricultural expansion of both large- and small-scale plantations of pineapple and banana;  Degradation of brushlands and grasslands;  Conflicts emanating from overlapping and incoherent tenurial instruments in the protected areas: 2 Certificates of Ancestral Domain Titles (CADTs), 1,494 Certificate of Land Ownership Awards (CLOAs), 1 Protected Area Community-Based Resource Management Agreement (PACBRMA) and 2 mining tenements; and  Absence of clearly delineated zones and sub-zones for conservation, protection, production and other major land uses, as well as weak enforcement against habitat destruction.

Mount Matutum straddles 55 sitios of 14 barangays from the municipalities of Tupi, Polomolok and Tampakan in South Cotabato province and Malungon in Sarangani province. Mount Matutum is the headwater of five major rivers. Mount Matutum watershed provides 25 percent of the water supply in the region. Rare and endemic species like the Philippine eagle, tarsier and Mindanao bleeding heart can be found within its forests. With the passage of ENIPAS, Mount Matutum covers 13,947 hectares. Major threats include:  Expansion of agriculture and settlements;  Lack of a special order to formalize the official members of PAMB;  Lack of zoning for major land use categories in the protected area; and  Weak enforcement of zoning regimes.

Mount Busa, which straddles Maitum, Kiamba and Maasim municipalities in Sarangani, is a 114,144-hectare key biodiversity area declared in 2001. The Environmental Conservation and Protection Center of Sarangani Province reports that the Philippine eagle, tarsiers and several endangered species of birds are present within its remaining forests. Moreover, 59 species of fauna, 45 bird species and 3 species of reptiles have been observed in Mount Busa. The International Union for Conservation of Nature category list indicates that the Philippine eagle is a critically endangered raptor while Platymantis guentheri is categorized as an endangered amphibian. All other species are considered either range-restricted or vulnerable. Major threats to the conservation area includes agricultural expansion; construction of access roads; weak tenure rights leading to increased incidences of encroachment, poaching and land conversion; and insufficient enforcement of land use regulation and resource use rights.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 49 Sarangani Bay is bounded by Glan, Malapatan, Alabel, Maasim, Kiamba and Maitum municipalities in Sarangani province and General Santos City. The proclamation originally covered an area of 215,950 hectares. However, through validation, the DENR rationalized the area to 210,887.69 hectares, now covered under ENIPAS. Sarangani Bay critical habitats include 2,293.564 hectares of coral reefs (with 31 coral genera in 15 families), more than 1,000 hectares of seagrass (nine species, one of which is rare, T. ciliatum) and 268.862 hectares of mangrove forests (10 species). Some of the key challenges and issues in Sarangani Bay are discussed in the draft management plan. These challenges have brought about degradation of water quality and pollution, habitat degradation and IUU fishing.

In summary, the major threats in the region’s target landscapes are the following:  Population influx from illegal migration that leads to land conversion;  Mining and pollution from industries;  Soil erosion;  Flooding and landslides;  Competing mandates and tenure claims;  Presence of invasive species, such as buyo-buyo; and  IUU fishing.

FIGURE 4: PRIORITY SITES FOR GENSAN-SARANGANI-SOUTH COTABATO

50 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2.4.3 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level

Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved  Conduct C4C for selected participants from LGUs, CSOs and national government agencies that are directly involved in public awareness raising and/or community outreach. Consultations will be held with various stakeholders in Region 12 for the selection of the participants, training venue and case study site. The training is scheduled on November 2018.  Guide and mentor the development of mini BCC campaigns by C4C trainees.  Design and implement several KAP surveys with limited area coverage. The KAP will be contextual and appropriate to the identified threats, barrier removal strategy, desired behavior change and target audiences in landscapes.  Implement KAPs for Mount Matutum and Allah Valley.

Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation

 Help plan and support campaigns and advocacies that will be proposed by C4C trainees. The mini BCC campaigns resulting from the training are expected to start in 2019.

SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation  Document and assess current public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for enforcement, regulation and development activities and overall management of Mount Matutum. This will be in preparation for the formulation of the financing component of the management plan of the protected area.

Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners  Conduct an assessment of PES opportunities from among users of environmental services from Mount Matutum, Allah Valley and Sarangani Bay. Results of the assessment activities will inform the strategy for Protect Wildlife’s PES technical assistance in the region, where there is a big number of ecosystems-linked enterprises, including those who are considered polluters of Sarangani Bay. The site team will facilitate formal commitment of LGUs and PAMBs to pursue PES.  Map existing enterprises across Mount Matutum to identify ecosystems-linked livelihood and enterprise ventures located in both protection and multiple uses zones. The mapping exercise will identify input/raw material sources, production areas, markets, transport networks and community- based organizations that are involved in the enterprise. This study will not only support the PES initiative but also point to potential economic activities of communities that may benefit from the financing partnership forged with FSSI.  Explore public-private partnership potentials in Region 12. Hold discussions with region-based private organizations which may be interested to commit funds for the following: . Community livelihoods, enterprises, and organizing and strengthening community organizations in and near protected areas and forest lands; . Campaigns in the transport sector to deter transport of illegal wildlife and wildlife products;

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 51 . Campaigns in the tourism sector to reduce demand for illegal wildlife and wildlife products; and . Development of land use-consistent smallholder perennial crops and tree farms in production forest lands to meet future local demand for food, fiber, non-timber forest products, timber and fuelwood.

Theory of Change Result: Government and CSOs implement financing arrangements

 With DENR, organize a series of consultations in the region with CSOs, national agencies, LGUs and other donor-funded projects to present the priorities, selection criteria and mechanisms of accessing the funding being made available to individuals or coalition of NGOs and CSOs through the Protect Wildlife-FSSI partnership. This activity will help identify potential organizations and types of social enterprises that may be supported.  Support funding partners in the profiling of interested NGOs/CSOs, in identifying and evaluating the viability of specific enterprises, and in extending assistance on proposal preparations for funding. In addition, facilitate capability building and startup activities of NGOs/CSOs selected for funding assistance. Monitor implementation progress and utilization of committed funds.  Assist PAMBs review and refine or develop guidelines for the generation, collection and utilization of revenues for their IPAF.  Assist LGUs to enact ordinances or issue resolutions that formally adopt PES.  Develop joint work plans with LGUs and PES partners. Conduct training modules on cost and revenue analysis and cost-based resource valuation for targeted ecosystems-linked enterprises, such as water services. Assist LGUs ring-fence their PES-generating operations and adopt PES fund management guidelines. In Year 3, most of Protect Wildlife’s target for PES initiatives will be in Region 12.

SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in the conservation areas identified

 Start assessment and mobilization activities for Mount Busa in Region 12. These will include compilation available reports and analysis of ongoing and completed activities, scoping visit with the concerned DENR CENROs and LGUs, consultations with communities in and near Mount Busa, identifying entry points with DENR field units, LGUs, communities; and orientation with local stakeholders.

Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, PAMBs and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management

 Complete zoning and sub-zoning of Mount Matutum with the allowed and disallowed land and resource uses. When zoning is approved by the PAMB, Protect Wildlife will implement training modules for the preparation of the management plan, which is expected to be completed and reviewed by the PAMB and DENR before the end of Year 3.  Finalize the action plan of the Allah Valley technical working group for the completion of the protected area suitability assessment and zoning in Year 3. In accordance with the action plan, train and mentor the technical working group using modules on protected area planning, which include the validation of policy-designated land uses with community members.  With the PAMB, agree on the approach for the zoning of Sarangani Bay, which has a total of 218,640 hectares. Facilitate the conduct of consultations with LGUs on their proposed zoning, the field

52 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 validation of proposed terrestrial and marine zones, and the analysis of zoning options. Facilitate consensus on zoning among LGUs and stakeholders. The agreed zoning will then be incorporated into LGU zones and will be the basis for issuance of policies, regulation, enforcement and investments.  Conduct FLUP training modules for four LGUs in Mount Matutum and Allah Valley target landscapes. Activities will include assistance to the LGU technical working groups to complete data collection and analysis, and mapping and validation of land uses in forest lands and protected areas. Facilitate the projection of protection and production areas and agreements among stakeholders on land and resource uses in forest lands and protected areas including ancestral domains. With the Protect Wildlife’s integrated management of ecosystems in landscapes, these LGUs are expected to contribute 59,700 hectares to the Year 3 target. These areas as a whole link protection and conservation land uses with development-related land uses such as production areas in forest lands, settlements of upland communities in and out of the protected areas. The production and upland settlement areas with proper regulation and sub-zoning serve as “buffer zone” for the protection and conservation areas. The protection and conservation include natural forests, identified biodiversity corridors, cultural reserves, caves, unique attractions, habitats, unique ecosystems. Under the integrated landscape approach, both the protection and conservation and production areas in forest lands and protected areas are considered biologically significant areas under improved management.  Continue the training and mentoring of the DENR-LGU technical working group to enable it to assist LGUs outside of target landscapes of Protect Wildlife on FLUP preparation and its integration into their CLUPs

Theory of Change Result: PAMB formulated improved policies for better protected area management

 Orient the Sarangani Bay PAMB on protected area planning and implementation process that will be adopted in view of Sarangani Bay being part of a larger seascape-landscape.  Follow up with PAMBs and DENR Region 12 on the drafting of recommendations to policy concerns identified in the previous PAMB Summit. These recommendations may be relevant in forthcoming discussions on the IRR of the ENIPAS law.

SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed  In collaboration with other SAs, identify and determine research needs to reduce major threats (to habitats, ecosystem services and wildlife species) in the three target protected areas.  Conduct an inventory and analysis of completed and ongoing research activities on wildlife habitats, wildlife species and ecosystem services in the sites.  Finalize the institutional capability analysis for research and development of Mindanao State University-General Santos, Notre Dame of Dadiangas University and Notre Dame of Marbel University. Theory of Change Result: Universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholders’ priorities and needs  Based on completed assessments, revise and/or finalize RDEs of partner universities.  Present the final draft RDEs of the three universities to the concerned PAMOs and PAMBs for determining priority research areas that will meet policy and technology needs in conservation and management and for livelihoods of communities.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 53  Assist in formalizing the partner universities’ institutional relationship with the protected areas as the research sites on biodiversity conservation and development. Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds and do research and curriculum development and disseminate research results increased  In collaboration with SA 1 and SA5 and interested local HEIs, explore with the provincial government for the conduct of an annual migratory bird census in Sarangani province to estimate the number of migratory birds that pass through the Sarangani flyway (especially around late September- early October) and to analyze seasonal trends. These activities may be spearheaded by the Environmental Conservation and Protection Center (ECPC) of the Province and carried out in collaboration with Sarangani schools that are interested to learn about a field technique (bird counting) and do follow-on research to refine and improve the technique and analysis.  Provide coordination and logistical support to the conduct of the medicinal plant inventory and validation by Mindanao State University-General Santos City (MSU-GSC) in Mount Matutum and other research studies that may be started in Year 3. The site team will assist the MSU-GSC research team obtain permits from DENR, NCIP and IP leaders that will allow the research team to document healing practices of indigenous communities and to gather biological specimens from the protected area. The site team will also monitor the progress of field activities and organize periodic feedback of activities and some findings to the PAMO and LGUs.  Roll out assistance to Kablon National High School and Glandang Elementary School of Tupi, South Cotabato in revising the school curricula to include culturally consistent biodiversity conservation practices in collaboration with Notre Dame of Marbel University.  Follow up with universities on pending research proposals, such as the proposal on the civet, which can possibly be done in collaboration with University of the Philippines Institute of Biology. SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies

Theory of Change Result: Needs understood

 Conduct landscape-specific violations assessments in Region 12 in partnership with PAMOs, PAMBs, enforcement law agencies, CSOs and LGUs. Results will be the basis in developing site- specific capacity building for improving enforcement of biodiversity-related laws.

Theory of Change Result: National and local law enforcement capacity improved  Organize enforcement groups under the PAMO or PASu with operating networks in each municipality  Facilitate enforcement operations planning in all target sites in Region 12 using the DENR’s Wildlife Law Enforcement Manual of Operations.  With the agreed mandate and role of the enforcement groups, design a training program with mentoring and coaching support to develop the capacities of enforcement staff or units. Participants may come from national government agencies, law enforcement units and DENR personnel who are involved in combating wildlife poaching and trafficking, and enforcing the permitting process and inspection protocol.  Localize CWT and IUU fishing policies with concerned PAMBs and LGUs. Policy support may include assistance for crafting a unified policy on fisheries and coastal resource management for Sarangani Bay.

54 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 TABLE 8: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 3 ACTIVITIES IN GENSAN-SARANGANI-SOUTH COTABATO

2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S

SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Formulation knowledge improved 1. Conduct C4C for LGUs, CSOs and national agencies in target sites 2. Guide and mentor the development of mini BCC campaigns by C4C trainees 3. Design and implement KAP surveys with limited coverage 4. Implement KAPs for Mount Matutum and Allah Valley Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation 5. Help plan and support campaigns and advocacies proposed by C4C trainees SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Results: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Document and assess current public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for Mount Matutum Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners. 2. Assess of PES opportunities from among users of environmental services from protected areas 3. Map existing enterprises within Mount Matutum to identify potential ecosystems- linked enterprises for support 4. Explore public-private partnership potentials in Region 12. Hold discussions with region- based private organizations interested to commit funds for livelihoods, conservation, etc. Theory of Change Result: Government and CSOs implement financing arrangements 5. Organize consultations with CSOs, national agencies, LGUs and other donor-funded projects to identify potential organizations or enterprises for FSSI funding support and assistance from other private organizations 6. Facilitate proposal preparation, capability building and funding support to interested and qualified organizations 7. Assist PAMBs to review, refine or develop guidelines for IPAF generation, collection and utilization 8. Assist LGUs enact ordinances or issue resolutions that formally adopts PES

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 55 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 9. Develop joint work plans with LGUs/PES partners; conduct training on PES process for targeted ecosystems-linked enterprises 10. Assist LGUs ring-fence their PES-generating operations and adopt PES fund management guidelines SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in the conservation areas identified. 1. Conduct assessment and mobilization activities for Mount Busa Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, PAMBs and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management 2. Complete zoning and sub-zoning of Mount Matutum with land and resource use prescriptions; implement modules to complete management plan 3. Completion of the protected area suitability assessment of Allah Valley; implement modules to complete management plan 4. With the PAMB, agree on zoning approach for Sarangani Bay; initiate consultations and mapping for zoning 5. Conduct FLUP training modules for four LGUs in Mount Matutum and Allah Valley target landscapes 6. Train and mentor the FLUP technical working group of Region 12 to enable it to assist LGUs outside of target landscapes Theory of Change Result: PAMB formulated improved policies for better protected area management 7. Orient PAMB of Sarangani Bay on protected area planning that will be adopted and its enhanced features 8. Follow up with PAMBs/DENR Region 12 the drafting of PAMB recommendations to policy concerns raised in the last PAMB Summit SA 4: Conservation Research

Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Identify and determine research needs to reduce major threats in three target protected areas 2. Conduct an inventory and analysis of completed/ongoing research in target conservation areas. 3. Finalize the institutional capability analysis for research and development of MSU-GenSan, NDDU and NDMU Theory of Change Result: Universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholders’ priorities and needs 4. Based on completed assessments, revise and/or finalize RDEs of MSU-GSC, NDMU and NDDU

56 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 2018 2019 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 5. Present the draft RDEs to concerned PAMOs and PAMB and determine research needs that can be addressed 6. Facilitate institutional relationship between university and protected areas Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds and do research and curriculum development and disseminate research results increased 7. Explore with Sarangani Province conduct of an annual migratory bird census 8. Provide coordination and logistical support to the medicinal plant inventory of MSU-GSC in Mount Matutum, and other studies 9. Roll out assistance to Kablon High School and Glandang Elementary School of Tupi LGU in integrating to curriculum culturally consistent biodiversity conservation (NDMU) 10. Follow up with universities pending research proposals (e.g., civet) SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement

Theory of Change Result: Needs understood 1. Conduct landscape-specific violations assessments in Region 12 Theory of Change Result: National and local law enforcement capacity improved 2. Organize enforcement groups under the PAMO/PASu with operating networks in LGUs 3. Facilitate enforcement operations planning in target sites in Region 12 using the DENR’s Wildlife Law Enforcement Manual of Operations 4. Design and implement training and mentoring program on enforcement 5. Localize PAMB and LGU policies to address IUU fishing and to combat wildlife trafficking

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 57 3 MANAGEMENT PLAN

3.1 OVERALL MANAGEMENT APPROACH

In Year 3, Protect Wildlife will continue to employ a matrix management structure. The Field Site Managers report directly to the Chief of Party and Deputy Chief of Party coordinates with SA advisors to ensure that field activities are in support of the regional work plans and local priorities of the DENR field units, LGUs, NGOs, colleges and universities, and community organizations. The SA advisors and specialists, who report to the COP/DCOP, work with national level counterparts (DENR-BMB, DENR-FMB, NCIP, DA-BFAR, DOJ and other agencies) to improve biodiversity-related policies, and provide direction, technical services and technical oversight to the field units. The Manila advisors are also engaged with national level private sector partners to improve their support links with the agency field units and target beneficiaries in the Protect Wildlife sites.

The field/site managers lead all technical support and implementation in their respective landscapes, working in close coordination with local counterparts. Internally, site managers and their teams work with Manila- based SA teams to identify and pursue innovative Theory of Change-based actions consistent with the work plans. In the same manner, technical advisors and specialists discuss and coordinate with site managers all field activities they plan to undertake.

In Year 3, the activity will build on the increasing focus of inter-SA collaboration with the field managers to ensure all SAs will intentionally plan and implement activities that will improve on-site conservation and off- site enforcement. Based on best practices and lessons learned from field implementation, SA advisors lead all up-scaling work in coordination with national-level counterparts. These inputs are used to design department- level training curriculum, policy, and implementing rules and regulations, thereby expanding the reach and impact of USAID support.

The matrix management approach also applies also to the finance and administrative staff—especially procurement of goods and services for the implementation of individual and collective SA activities. A centralized financial management system is in place to ensure accountability and efficient data management and reporting. DAI’s Technical and Administrative Management Information System (TAMIS)—a clearinghouse for procurement, HR, approvals, inventory, M&E and other technical and administrative project data. Technical, finance, and administrative staff undergo basic TAMIS training with periodic discussions of updates.

To enhance coordination and complementation between the SAs and strengthen the working relationships of SA advisors with Field Managers, the activity will continue to hold quarterly team meetings. In these meetings, the SA and field staff share and discuss updates and accomplishments each landscape site, followed by reflections and planning for the next quarter’s activities. The field and Manila staff (technical and finance and administrative staff) meet at least once a year to assess overall performance vis-à-vis monitoring and evaluation indicators and analyze trends, patterns and external factors that impinge on activity implementation and planning. The annual meetings are also designed to reflect responses to the Theory of Change learning questions and discuss possible adjustments or modifications of operational policies.

58 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 3.2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Protect Wildlife personnel are organized under three core teams: (1) field site teams, (2) Manila-based SA technical team and (3) Manila-based crosscutting technical specialists, administrative and finance support teams. In Figure 5, Protect Wildlife depicts the Strategic Approach and field team organizational structures. The charts provides the three core teams and the formal reporting relationships within the organization in Manila and in each region. In Year 3, the activity plans to engage more middle level technical specialists across SAs in each region to improve efficiency regarding technical assistance delivery to the local partners; initially, the Protect Wildlife team will focus recruitment on SA 2 and SA 3

Site offices are currently located in Puerto Princesa City in Palawan, Zamboanga City, and General Santos City. Protect Wildlife will establish a fourth site office in Luzon following conclusion of site selection, which is being led by DENR and USAID. The site offices, which house both technical and administrative teams, are led by Field Site Managers who coordinate field implementation activities with LGUs, CSOs, colleges and universities, private sector and other partners. They facilitate the implementation of regional work plans in coordination with technical SA advisors.

The Field Site Managers will continue to manage satellite offices in Bongao in Tawi-Tawi and in Brooke’s Point in Palawan, where site Coordinators are assigned. In Year 3, the activity may opt to set up satellite office in northern Palawan if activities in this are expand further.

3.3 OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT

Staffing Through the end of Year 2, the activity has a total of sixty-nine (69) staff and consultants onboard. Of this, fourteen (14) are consultants and short-term technical assistants (STTAs), with varying levels of effort. For Year 3, the activity will continue to recruit twelve (25) more STTAs and two (2) support staff to augment the team. These positions are:  Environmental Law Enforcement  Philippine Pangolin Research – Team Advisor Leader  Policy Development Specialist  Data Manager  Land Use Planning Specialist  Writer/Knowledge Product Developer  Business Development Specialists (3)  Community Enterprise Development  Marine Biology/Science Specialist Specialist  Biodiversity Conservation Curriculum  Communications Manager (2) Enhancement Specialist  Networking Specialist  BRAIN Programmer (2)  Communications Strategist  Medicinal Research Study—Project  Visual Artist Leader  Behavioral Scientists (2)  Medicinal Research Study—Study Leader  Finance Officer (2)  Senior Administrative Officer  Medicinal Research Study – Taxonomist

As soon as DENR and USAID approve the fourth site, the activity team will launch recruitment of new staff. The proposed staff for the fourth site’s office may include following:  Field Site Manager with background in natural resources management and appropriate experience.  Community Mobilization Specialist with background in either environmental law enforcement or land use planning

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 59  GIS/Spatial Planning Specialist  Finance and Administration Officer  Logistics and Procurement Officer  Project Driver

Once onboard, the total staffing level will reach one hundred two (102) in Year 3. The staff distribution will be as shown in Table 9. TABLE 9: DISTRIBUTION OF PROTECT WILDLIFE STAFF IN YEAR 3

ZAMBOANGA/ FOURTH MANILA PALAWAN GENSAN TOTAL TAWI-TAWI SITE Currently on-board 38 15 7 9 - 69 For hiring 17 4 6 - 6 33 Total 55 19 13 9 6 102 Technical Staff 42 15 9 4 3 73 Support 13 4 4 5 3 29 Total 55 19 13 9 6 102

In addition to recruitment, the human resources team will continue to facilitate annual performance evaluations; conduct orientation and in-house trainings on ethics, fraud, procurement, TAMIS, and financial and administrative policies and procedures; and ensure strict compliance with USAID and DAI rules and regulations. The team will identify other professional/skills trainings to improve staff performance after completing annual performance evaluation. The major needs for staff and consultant improvements are written communication and technical writing, use of Microsoft Excel and power point, and presentation skills especially among advisors and specialists.

Finance, IT and Office Administration

The Finance team will continue to manage Protect Wildlife financial transactions. The team will prepare various financial audit spot checks and reports and apply findings and recommendations to strengthen internal control systems and policies.

The activity will recruit an additional finance officer in Year 3 who will respond to the activity’s increasing number of financing transactions. The new finance person will complement the existing staff and help in providing much needed assistance in processing disbursements, liquidations and vendors payments. The team plans to visit field offices quarterly to meet with the staff to address financial issues and concerns and discuss policies and procedures.

The IT Manager will continue to provide support to the offices and staff, ensuring backups are generated to protect files. He will also lead the installation of various IT support/equipment for the fourth field office.

To address the increasing need to carry out asset inventory and reconcile these with records, the activity will engage another Administrative Officer. The physical count and reconciliation will include all Protect Wildlife assets located in various offices. In addition, the new Administrative Officer will provide support in the identification and ocular of new office for the fourth site, including renovations and physical set up.

Procurement and Logistics The Senior Procurement Officer will continue to provide support on all activity procurements for Year 3. The Procurement Officer in Manila will assist in Manila procurements in coordination with the field Logistics & Procurement Officers. In Year 3, expected major procurements include arrangements for the fourth field office, and computers for new staff. The team will maintain procurement of staff travels, and activity-related

60 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 such as workshops, training/conference venues for various SA activities. The activity will continue to arrange fixed price purchase order contracts, engaging independent consultants, resource organizations, university staff and other professional services to support SA implementation activities.

3.4 SECURITY PLAN

Protect Wildlife maintains close coordination with the Regional Security Office of the US Embassy, the Overseas Security Advisory Council and other security-related USAID activities for security updates. The activity’s Security Manager will continue to link with law enforcement and other relevant Philippine government agencies, such as the PNP and concerned regional and provincial units, Philippine Coast Guard, Armed Forces of the Philippines and its Intelligence Security Groups and National Intelligence Coordinating Agency. Additionally, the Security Manager will undertake quarterly security assessment missions, or as directed by the Chief of Party, to ensure compliance with standard security requirements. This includes security threats and risk analysis, contingency planning, office, residential and site security coordination as well as contact and liaison with security service providers. Once approved, the Security Manager will roll out a revised Security Plan in all offices. It will strengthen current protocols and reporting system between the field offices and Manila office. In coordination with HR/Office Manager, the following emergency trainings will be conducted:  First Aid/Emergency Trauma Bag (ETB). New and refresher trainings will be offered to all staff. Each office will have its own ETB, which should be visible and accessible by all staff.  Defensive driving training. Participants include drivers, Logistics Specialists, Site Managers and the Security Manager.  Emergency communications for office vehicles. All vehicles will be equipped with satellite phones with docking stations. The drivers will be trained on how to use the equipment. Other participants will include those in the communications tree identified in the security plan.

The Security Manager will regularly send security notifications through emails, and will also distribute alerts when needed. He will also provide general security support and security assistance for field missions, workshops and conferences in high-risk areas in Mindanao. Once the fourth site is selected, the Security Manager, together with the Finance and Operation Director, will lead the field assessment and office selection. Once a quarter and at the end of Year 3, the Security Manager will write a report that outlines security trends, and provides analysis and recommendations to improve mitigation measures—especially for major security and risk threats.

3.5 GENDER ACTION PLAN

Protect Wildlife remains resolute in supporting the gender equality and women empowerment policies of the USAID Gender Equity and Female Empowerment Policy of April 2017, the USAID Philippines Country Development Cooperation Strategy for FY 2013-2018, the Women in Development and Nation Building Act of 1992 (RA 7192) and the Magna Carta of Women Act of 2009 (RA 9710).

Gender actions for Year 3 will focus on providing opportunities for men and women to equally participate in policymaking and program development, and benefit from implementation of activities. The activity will generate models and document them for developing training materials and guides for DENR, NCIP, PCSDS, LGUs, CSOs and community groups.

Protect Wildlife’s gender specialist will guide SA and field teams in mainstreaming gender concerns in providing technical assistance activities. In coordination with other activities, the specialist will work with concerned DENR and NCIP staff to review existing gender mainstreaming materials, develop orientation and

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 61 capacity-building curricula, develop new or enhance existing materials based on Protect Wildlife lessons learned and best practices. She will pilot test any new or revised curricula in collaboration with Manila and regional DENR and NCIP teams and support training of DENR field staff and NCIP field units, LGUs, and community groups. At the minimum, the training curricula and materials will cover the following:  Analysis of policy and program areas for gender mainstreaming and identification of entry points for improving ENR policies and programs while identifying opportunities to increase or deepen gender mainstreaming activities.  Approaches to increase participation of marginalized women and groups such as the Indigenous People in decision-making processes.  Developing advocacy materials that pertain to the provision of stable tenure and use rights in forest lands, protected areas, coastal areas and ecotourism sites.  Increased participation of marginalized groups in Protect Wildlife activities related to formulating and validating proposed policies, and programs and interventions to increases access to assets, social and infrastructure support, financing, livelihood and capacity-building opportunities, and tenure rights.

In developing and pilot testing the enhanced gender mainstreaming training materials, the specialist will work with SA teams and Field Managers to identify opportunities to orient and train PAMB members, LGUs, enforcement task groups and WEOs and community enforcers, tenure and ancestral domain holders, and CSOs. She will continue to document and promote women’s leadership from LGUs, partners from NGAs, CSOs and those from communities who are active in biodiversity management and wildlife law enforcement—particularly those achieved through Protect Wildlife capability building and technical assistance.

The specialist will establish partnerships and networking with regional agencies, local CSOs and academe involved in environment and gender; and will participate in regional or site-level events organized by partners to share and present lessons from successes and challenges in mainstreaming gender in conservation management.

On an annual basis, the specialist will prepare the Gender and Development Scorecard of Project Management for submission to NEDA (every September), USAID and DENR-BMB (every November). The specialist will work with the Protect Wildlife M&E team to continue to generate appropriate sex- disaggregated data and analysis for the monitoring of changes over time and documentation of successful DENR-LGU-CSO partnerships to address gender concerns for improving biodiversity conservation.

3.6 COMMUNICATION PLAN

Guided by the approved overall communication plan for the life of the activity, Protect Wildlife will continue to roll out communication activities in Year 3 that aim to achieve the following broad objectives: 1. Building a shared understanding of Protect Wildlife objectives, approaches and results among partners and stakeholders. 2. Providing communication support to address various needs in activity implementation. 3. Generating interest for key conservation issues, particularly those in Protect Wildlife sites.

Under the first objective, Protect Wildlife communications will emphasize the activity’s current accomplishments that will further mobilize support from activity partners and stakeholders. Communication outputs in Year 3 will also begin to highlight lessons and best practices in Protect Wildlife implementation, particularly in integrating conservation with development outcomes. These, in turn, will contribute to creating a positive recognition and perception of USAID’s biodiversity programming for the Philippines. Under the second objective, Protect Wildlife communications will continue to adapt to emerging needs of the five SAs,

62 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 especially in documenting and sharing milestones and success stories in activity implementation, and facilitating production of knowledge materials from available SA reports. Under the third objective, the activity will continue to collaborate with the DENR and partner agencies at various levels to complement their information, education and communication activities that are in line with Protect Wildlife’s technical objectives.

Building shared understanding

Protect Wildlife will update existing materials and collaterals and produce new ones to highlight recent accomplishments and to foster continued support from partner agencies and stakeholders. Content of these materials, including brochures, technical briefs and abridged reports, will be tailored to communicate to specific partners and networks at both the national level and field sites. To showcase its milestones and help position USAID as a key institution in the conservation sector, Protect Wildlife will participate in exhibitions, environmental celebrations and knowledge-sharing events to communicate to a wider public. Media engagements, especially with local media in field sites, will be pursued to convey key messages and garner public support for campaigns, policies and partnership opportunities implemented by the activity together with partner agencies. These engagements can include story pitches to national and local media, radio and TV interviews with experts from the Protect Wildlife team and partner organizations, or media fellowship activities focused on reporting on biodiversity issues. The activity will also begin commissioning photo and video documentation in pilot sites, particularly in southern Palawan, to capture success stories for USAID and to produce a media bank of images and videos that can be useful for partners on the ground. Across all its key messages and communication outputs for Year 3, Protect Wildlife will ensure that its accomplishments are consistently conveyed as a result of assistance “from the American people” and of the partnerships with the Philippine government and key stakeholders.

Providing communication support

Across all SAs, the communications team will support the production of knowledge materials and products that can be developed from available Protect Wildlife reports and technical documents. These include the baseline KAP survey in southern Palawan, assessment of wildlife and environmental law violations in activity sites, PES tools, assessments of college and university partners, and Wildlife Enforcement Capacity (WECAP) assessment results. We present SA-driven support below:  For SA 1, the communications team will continue to provide in-house creative support for the design and development of campaign materials. As part of media engagements, partners in local and national media will be tapped for opportunities to augment audience reach of SA 1-led campaigns.  For SA 2, specific collaterals and materials will be produced to promote opportunities in PES, investments in protected areas, biodiversity-friendly livelihoods and other avenues in conservation financing to potential partners in the public and private sectors.  For SA 3, as part of showcasing activity milestones for Year 3, Protect Wildlife will plan for communication outputs, including media engagements, to promote the importance of planning, adopting, managing, regulating, and enforcing land and resource uses in forest lands, (FLUP), protected areas (PAs) and ancestral domains of LGUs that cover highly diverse landscapes. These will also involve eliciting support for local land use policies, sound management and regulation, and directing public and private investments in forest lands, protected areas, and ancestral domains. The activity will tailor specific messages to highlight the principles and strategies for integrating conservation into local developments.  For SA 4, the communications team will support documentation of ongoing research studies in Year 3—including sandfish sea ranching in Narra, Philippine pangolin research in Victoria-Anepahan and the medicinal plants study in Mount Matutum—as well as sharing results. Whenever possible,

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 63 support for SA 4 will also include publication and dissemination of knowledge products, as well as co-organization and participation in relevant symposia and scientific fora, to reach target audiences in academic and research communities.  For SA 5, Protect Wildlife will plan for communication outputs, including media engagements, to showcase enforcement milestones in activity sites. These involve garnering support of key decision- makers and the public on improved policies, tools and systems in combating illegal wildlife trade and enforcing wildlife and environmental laws.

Generating interest for conservation issues

To promote Protect Wildlife’s work to link conservation and development, as well as USAID’s support to biodiversity conservation in the Philippines, to broader publics beyond its existing audience groups, the activity will engage in public events and outreach activities together with partner agencies, working around key global and national environment events whenever possible. For Year 3, planned activities include the following:  An appreciation event for forest guards and forest rangers with Zamboanga City partners, particularly in Pasonanca Natural Park, in time for World Ranger Day (July 31).  With SA 4 and Philippine pangolin research partners, hold a public activity in Palawan in time for World Pangolin Day (third Saturday of February).  Support the Bud Bongao Management Council in their planned activities for Bud Bongao Day (March 1).  With SA 2, SA 3 and site partners, conduct promotional activities related to FLUP and PES in time for International Day of Forests (March 21) and World Water Day (March 22).  Support the DENR-BMB’s World Wildlife Day celebration (March 3), including the Wildlife Enforcement Awards, National Wildlife Quiz Bee, and an activity featuring gender, development and conservation in time for International Women’s Month.  Support to site partners’ local activities (i.e., tree planting, coastal cleanup, etc.) on the following events: Earth Day (April 22), National Month of the Ocean (May), Philippine Arbor Day (June 25), Philippine Environment Month (June), tied up with Protect Wildlife’s SA 1 campaigns or other SA activities.

3.7 MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING PLAN

Protect Wildlife’s M&E activities in Year 3 will be guided by the recently refined Theory of Change results chains. While the activity continues to track and report on the 15 SA-linked contract deliverables and 7 economic growth indicators, the activities of the SA and sites teams will be monitored and evaluated based on SA-specific results chains that define the intermediate results that will lead to the desired outcomes and impacts. As the activity moves forward its midterm and as activities roll out in more sites, it is expected that in Year 3, more of the higher-order results that are projected in the results chains will be achieved and will need to be captured in reporting. In view of this, M&E will need to step-up its activities on the following:  Upgrade its database to be able to capture a larger volume of field data including geographic data and cartographic products, and allow more systematic, management-oriented data analysis  Systematic tracking and documentation of outcomes as these are achieved to enhance reporting on the outcomes  Design of gender-sensitive methodologies and collection of data for the learning questions that have been agreed upon in the recent pause and reflect workshop.

64 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3  Documentation of improved practices, emerging lessons and successes from on-the-ground implementation  Environmental compliance monitoring to ensure that mitigating measures are implemented. The MEL Plan document may also have to be revised to update the Theory of Change results chains and learning questions, and incorporate refinements to the data collection and data analysis methods that the activity has adopted in the past two years. A significant feature of the Year 3 M&E plan is the emphasis on learning. The team initiated data collection on one of the SA 5 learning questions in Year 2. In Year 3, data collection and analysis aims to cover all the learning questions. Annex B provides a general description of the methods and the proposed sites or coverage of each of the learning questions. The timing of the activities will be integrated into the Year 3 work plan of each SA. With the increased focus on the learning, it is proposed that a Data Manager is hired to focus on the systematic collection and storage of data (outputs and outcomes), validation and quality checks on reported data, and timely generation of data reports. By having a dedicated Data Manager, the M&E Specialist can then concentrate on the analysis of performance data, documentation and analysis of reported outcomes, and the programming of data collection and analysis for the learning questions and case stories. The results of data analysis and learnings will be included in the agenda of the quarterly team assessment and will be highlighted in the quarterly and annual reports.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 65 ANNEX A

Updated Theory of Change Results Chains

FIGURE 1: PROTECT WILDLIFE OVERALL RESULTS CHAIN

66 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 FIGURE 2: STRATEGIC APPROACH 1 RESULTS CHAIN: BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 67 FIGURE 3: STRATEGIC APPROACH 2 RESULTS CHAIN: CONSERVATION FINANCING

68 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 FIGURE 4: STRATEGIC APPROACH 3 RESULTS CHAIN: CONSERVATION AND GOVERNANCE

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 69 FIGURE 5: STRATEGIC APPROACH 4 RESULTS CHAIN: CONSERVATION RESEARCH

70 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 FIGURE 6: STRATEGIC APPROACH 4 RESULTS CHAIN: WILDLIFE LAW ENFORCEMENT

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 71 ANNEX B Theory of Change-Based Learning Questions and Proposed Methods for Data Collection

STRATEGIC LEARNING QUESTION METHOD FOR DATA COLLECTION APPROACH SA 1: Behavior What messaging will be most effective Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informant Change to bring about behavior change? Interview (KII) with community members Communication Messaging types:  SA 1 team and Rare STTA will develop the study  Fear, perceived risk design and FGD and KII tools, which will provide for  Pride gender analysis  Year 3 assessment results will be used to inform BBC Desired behavior: campaign designs in specific areas  Stop poaching/illegal harvesting of  Selection of study sites will consider differences in wildlife natural resource conditions, levels of conservation  No encroachment into protection awareness and enforcement needs and conservation zones  Candidate sites for Year 3 are:  Report violations . Barangay Quinlogan of Quezon (a hotspot for  Comply with land and resource bird trade) use prescriptions and . Barangay Amas of Brooke’s Point (sense of environmental laws pride)  Participate in habitat/ resource  Both are IP areas so consent of IP community and protection and rehabilitation coordination with NCIP will be needed  Study teams (SA, site teams, Gender Specialist, STTAs, M&E) will be formed for Palawan; will explore participation of universities and CSOs in data generation;

SA 2: Conservation What are the motivations of potential Financing beneficiaries of individual and FGD and KII with potential beneficiaries of livelihood community enterprise investments to and community enterprise support adopt conservation practices?  STTA (socio-anthropologist) inputs, possibly from a partner HEI, will be needed for the design of the Motivations may include: study; will provide for gender analysis  Higher earning capacity from the  Year 3 assessment results will be used to inform the introduced livelihoods (as identification of investment areas and design of opposed to prevailing livelihoods) community enterprises  Technological, infrastructure, seed  Selection of study communities will consider a mix of money and other assistance upland and coastal communities, economic activities  Improved community services and and tenure instruments facilities  Candidate sites for Year 3 are: . Barangay Kosur, Bataraza (upland agriculture) Conservation practices: . Barangay Mainit, Brooke’s Point (agroforestry)  No encroachment into protection . Barangay Caguisan, Narra (sandfish sea and conservation zones ranching);  No poaching/illegal harvesting of . Settlement in Santa Cruz Island (eco-tourism) resources  All are IP areas so consent of IP community and  Habitat/resource protection and coordination with NCIP will be needed rehabilitation  Study teams (SA, site teams, Gender Specialist,  Increased compliance to STTAs, M&E) will be formed for Palawan and environmental laws (reduction in Zamboanga City violations)  Results will be shared with LGU MAOs in Palawan  Adoption of soil and water and PAMU of Zamboanga City conservation and biodiversity-

72 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 friendly practices such as organic composting and pest control SA 3: Conservation and Governance LQ1 If LGUs have increased technical FGD with key LGU staff to rate LGU capacity and capacity to incorporate biodiversity actions using a scorecard; KII; review of LGU principles in resource planning and administrative records and Protect Wildlife training management, will LGUs leverage, records invest, develop and implement  STTA to develop an LGU scorecard (patterned from science-based policies and plans for an EcoGov self-assessment tool for LGUs) and the conservation of wildlife habitats facilitation guide and species?  Year 3 assessment results will be used to design/redesign the capability building program for LGU conservation actions may LGUs on protected area and forest land use include: planning; will serve as baseline  Enact ordinance adopting zoning in  LGUs for assessment in Year 3 may include: protected areas and public lands . Year 1 LGUs - with advanced activities in within its jurisdiction FLUP/protected area planning; will include  Integrate zoning of public lands in documentation of LGU conservation actions CLUP resulting from technical assistance (5 LGUs in  Leverage funding or directly invest southern Palawan; Zamboanga City) in conservation activities . Year 2 LGUs – early stages of FLUP and  Adopt PES scheme for protected area management planning (Puerto conservation Princesa City; South Cotabato)  Appoint and provide support to . Year 3 LGUs - new LGU partners Narra, El LGU and community WEOs Nido, Sarangani Bay LGUs  Support/sustain BCC campaigns  Trained FGD facilitators and documenters (STTAs) will be deployed

Share results with LGUs, DENR and PCSDS

LQ2 What are motivations of FGD and KII with tenure/domain holders tenure/domain holders or claimants to implement land and resource use  SA, cross-cutting and site teams will design of the prescriptions within their tenured study; will provide for gender analysis areas?  Year 3 assessment results will be used to inform the design of technical assistance and BCC campaigns to Motivations may include: selected tenure and domain holders in Protect  Compliance with requirements Wildlife sites and stipulations in tenure  Selection of study groups will consider a mix upland agreement, CADT and coastal groups, and tenure types (including  Tenure extension (i.e., CBFMA); claimants) grant of tenure/CADT (for  Candidate groups for Year 3 are: claimants) . CADT and CBFMA holders within Mount  Higher earning capacity, Mantalingahan Protected Landscape technological, infrastructure, seed . Tenure holders in the buffer zone of Pasonanca money and other follow-on Natural Park assistance . Tenure holders in Mount Matutum Protected  Improved community services and Landscape facilities  Most are IP areas so consent of IP community and coordination with NCIP will be needed  Facilitators and documenters will be from SA, site teams, Gender Specialist, M&E.  Share results with LGUs, NCIP, DENR and PCSDS

LQ3 If PAMBs are capacitated to formulate improved policies for better FGDs with PAMB members; review of PAMB protected area management, will they administrative records and Protect Wildlife training records

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 73 recommend improvements to national  SA 3 Adviser will develop the FGD tool (simplified policies? METT; will consider relevant ENIPAS provisions or proposed IRR provisions ) and assessment mechanics National policy areas that PAMB may  Year 3 assessment results will be used to look into: design/redesign the capability building program for  Management zoning process and PAMBs, generate inputs to development of integration into LGU plans curriculum of Protected Area Management  Tenure in protected areas Academy; generate feedback on national policies  Financing and investments  PAMBs for assessment in Year 3 will include PAMBs  Payments for environmental of all Protect Wildlife assisted protected areas services - Palawan – 3 PAs  Incentive systems for community - Zamboanga City – 2 PAs enforcers - Region 12 – 3 PAs  Research support  STTAs will be facilitators; site teams will provide  Behavior change documenters.  Share results with DENR-BMB and PCSDS

SA 4: Conservation If HEIs have increased research and Development of case studies using FGDs and KII to Research extension capacity and knowledge of generate relevant information; review of HEI research gaps and needs of protection assessments and conservation areas, will they be  SA 4 and STTA to develop guides for documentation able to produce tools and knowledge  Year 3 assessment results will be used to products that address direct threats develop/refine strategies to strengthen university and biodiversity focal interests in support to management of PAs and conservation these protected areas? education  conservation Year 3 assessment will focus on

establishing interest and capacity to develop a Tools and knowledge products that conservation oriented research and extension HEIs may develop: agenda  Case study HEIs will include:  Ecological, socio-economic, - HEIs represented in PAMBs (e.g., WPU) cultural profiling and applied - HEIs with previous research and extension research studies activities within/near PAs/local conservation  Databases (spatial, non-spatial) areas  Policy-oriented studies  STTAs will lead conduct of study; documenters from  Tools for planning and site and SA 4 team enforcement  Share results with DENR-BMB and PCSDS  Extension/communications programs  Special topics in curriculum on biodiversity conservation  Technologies for livelihood support of upland and coastal communities

SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement LQ 1 If there is increased enforcement FGD to self-assess enforcement capacity of enforcement capacity, will there be more unit (e.g., a protected area) using a scorecard; KII; enforcement actions by enforcement systematic collection and analysis of data on agencies and groups? enforcement actions per enforcement unit  STTA and SA 5 to review results of initial scorecard Enforcement capability-building testing in Year 2 and early Year 3 and refine elements include: scorecard and mechanics for application Year 3  Legal basis/mandate  The annual assessment of enforcement capacity will  Plan/program/strategy allow the concerned enforcement organizations in an  Staff/network/leadership/incentives enforcement unit to identify capacity/capability elements that require improvement/strengthening to

74 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3  Skills/competency building improve enforcement performance. This will inform program capability building interventions and advocacy of  Protocols/standards/databases Protect Wildlife and DENR related to enforcement.  Financing/logistics  Year 3 assessment will start to correlate capacity with enforcement actions (depending on data Enforcement Actions may include: availability)  Patrol effort  Study areas for Year 3 will include these  Sea borne operations enforcement units:  Apprehensions . Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape and  Confiscations and seizures Palawan province (PCSDS, Bantay Palawan,  Case preparation and filing DENR, LGUs and community WEOs) . Pasonanca Park Protected Landscape, Santa Cruz Islands and Zamboanga City (ZCAWTTF, CFLET, LGU and community WEOs) . Mount Matutum Protect Landscape, Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape and Allah Valley Protected Landscape (DENR, interagency enforcement groups, LGU and community WEOs)  STTA and SA and site staff will facilitate the FGDs  M&E team and site staff will do periodic collection of enforcement actions data and build up database  Share results with DENR-BMB, PCSDS and LGUs for use in enforcement planning, and budgeting.

LQ 2 If there is an increased risk of penalty, Development of case studies using FGD, KII and will there be less incidents of wildlife systematic collection and analysis of data on wildlife crimes? crimes  SA 1, SA 5 and STTA to develop the design (consider design of LQ of SA 1) and tool to generate perceptions on current risk of penalties and collect data on incidents of wildlife crimes  The assessment results will be used to inform policies, enforcement operations plans and communications support in target enforcement points, which can be at sources of illegally traded wildlife or at transshipment points.  Study areas will be chosen from among areas identified as hotspots as well as transshipment points such as ports and airports.  STTAs, SA and site staff will serve as FGD facilitators; hired interviewers  Share results with DENR-BMB, PCSDS, and other enforcement agencies for use in enforcement operations planning.

PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 3 75