El Conflicto De Japón Y China Por Las Islas Senkaku/Diaoyu : Implicaciones En La Política Exterior Y De Seguridad Japonesa

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

El Conflicto De Japón Y China Por Las Islas Senkaku/Diaoyu : Implicaciones En La Política Exterior Y De Seguridad Japonesa Máster en Asia Oriental: Experto en China contemporánea y Relaciones Internacionales. UNIVERSITAT OBERTA DE CATALUNYA PROGRAMA DE ESTUDIOS DE ASIA ORIENTAL Alicante, 15 de junio de 2015 El conflicto de Japón y China por las 尖閣/ 钓鱼 islas Senkaku Diaoyu : Implicaciones en la política exterior y de seguridad japonesa Islas Senkaku/Diaoyu Alumno: Luis Miguel LALINDE GONZÁLEZ Profesor asesor de contenidos: LLUC LÓPEZ I VIDAL Profesor consultor de la asignatura: ANDER PERMANYER UGARTEMENDIA Profesora responsable de la asignatura: ANNA BUSQUETS ALEMANY Asignatura: PRÁCTICUM, PRC Comercio y Relaciones Internacionales. Curso académico: Segundo semestre 2014-2015 1 Máster en Asia Oriental: Experto en China contemporánea y Relaciones Internacionales. AGRADECIMIENTOS Deseo agradecer la inestimable paciencia y ayuda que me han ofrecido los profesores Dr. Lluc López i Vidal, Dr. Ander Permanyer Ugartemendia y D. Juan José Ruiz Rodríguez, este último durante la asignatura “Treball de Recerca” (trabajo de investigación), cuyos consejos e indicaciones han hecho posible que este trabajo saliera adelante. Al mismo tiempo, también deseo agradecer los recursos que me ha dispensado la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), especialmente, a través de su biblioteca y buscador de obtención de documentos. Y, sobre todo, a mis compañeros del Programa de Estudios de Asia Oriental de la UOC, por sus consejos y materiales, a lo largo de la asignatura, que me han ayudado, sin duda, a mejorar el trabajo. Seguidamente, quisiera agradecer a mi amigo Jesús Navarro Rodríguez, Licenciado en Historia y Humanidades por la Universidad de Alicante, por las interesantes e enriquecedoras conversaciones que he compartido con él en relación al trabajo, así como por su ayuda en la corrección escrita del mismo. En el mismo sentido, tampoco me puedo olvidar de mi amigo Alejandro Cano Fernández, Ingeniero Técnico Industrial, por su constante apoyo y contribución en el presente trabajo. En esta línea, quisiera agradecer a multitud de amigos como Miguel Ángel Burgos Mirón, Antonio Pérez-Castejón, Cristián Montiel, Pablo de Vera, Adrián Rodríguez de la Fuente, Ángel Ávila, Pilar García Navarro, Mariano Sáez, Aitor Moya, Alejandro Arnaldos, Jorge Hernández Martínez, Sara Torregrosa, Raúl Miralles y un largo etc., por su paciencia y solidaridad, día a día, a la hora de “aguantarme” con las historias sobre el trabajo que estaba realizando. Con ellos, el trabajo, sin duda, ha sido más fácil y llevadero, e incluso divertido. Algo que también puedo aplicar a mi propia vida. Para finalizar, también deseo mostrar mi gratitud al constante apoyo de mi familia, en especial a mis padres y hermanas, a quienes les dedico este escrito. 2 Máster en Asia Oriental: Experto en China contemporánea y Relaciones Internacionales. ÍNDICE: ÍNDICE PÁG. Índice de ilustraciones. 5 Lista de siglas, términos y abreviaturas 7 1. Introducción y justificación del trabajo de investigación. 9 1.1. Presentación, delimitación y justificación del tema. 9 1.2. Objetivos generales y específicos del trabajo de investigación. 11 1.3. Marco teórico. 12 1.4. Marco conceptual. 14 1.5. Hipótesis inicial. 19 1.6. Aproximación metodológica. 21 1.6.1. Justificación metodológica. 21 1.6.2. Recogida de datos. 21 1.6.3. Proceso de búsqueda. 22 2. Breve introducción sobre la Teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales. 24 2.1. Teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales. 24 2.2. Líneas de pensamiento en el ámbito de la seguridad. 26 2.3. ¿Teoría o línea de pensamiento a seguir? 30 3. Entorno geográfico de las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu. 32 3.1. Descripción geográfica del Mar de China y, especialmente, del Mar de China Oriental. 32 3.2. Importancia geopolítica del Mar de China. 35 4. Islas Senkaku/Diaoyu: Historia de un conflicto. 38 4.1. Antecedentes históricos de la disputa territorial. 38 4.2. Contexto actual del conflicto: la relación entre China y Japón. 44 5. Política exterior y de seguridad china ante los conflictos marítimos. 49 5.1. Principios y características esenciales de la política exterior china. 49 5.2. Los conflictos marítimos de China con otros países: actitud y 51 políticas que mantiene con ellos. 5.2.1. Las islas Paracelso. 52 5.2.2. Las islas Spratly. 57 5.2.3. Las islas Natuna 69 5.2.4. Conclusiones de los conflictos marítimos. 71 5.3. Las relaciones entre Estados Unidos y China. 71 5.3.1. Los “Tres Comunicados Conjuntos” entre China y EEUU. 73 5.3.2. ¿Necesidad de un Cuarto Comunicado Conjunto? 75 3 Máster en Asia Oriental: Experto en China contemporánea y Relaciones Internacionales. 5.4. Las reacciones chinas ante las acciones niponas y estadounidenses 76 sobre las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu. 5.4.1. Incremento en el presupuesto de Defensa: ¿carrera 77 armamentística? 6. Razones por las cuáles modificar la política exterior y de seguridad de Japón 81 (influencias de las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu). 6.1. Introducción a las principales normas y leyes por los que se rige la 82 diplomacia japonesa. 6.2. Corrientes sobre cómo concebir el papel de Japón en la escena internacional. 85 6.3. Factores geopolíticos y geoestratégicos del contencioso. 89 6.3.1. Las Zonas Económicas Exclusivas (ZEE). 93 6.4. La postura diplomática de Japón y China sobre las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu. 99 6.4.1. Japón y sus pretensiones. 99 6.4.2. China y sus pretensiones. 101 6.5. La redefinición de la Alianza militar entre Estados Unidos y Japón. 106 6.5.1. La postura de Estados Unidos ante las islas Senkaku/ 109 Diaoyu. 6.6. Los conflictos territoriales con Rusia y Corea del Sur: 112 6.6.1. Las islas Kuriles. 112 6.6.2. Takeshima. 119 6.6.3. Conclusiones extraídas de los conflictos territoriales de 126 Japón. 6.7. “Seguridad Humana” ¿una nueva fórmula para dotar a la política exterior 127 japonesa de un brazo armado? 6.8. “Japan Cool” ¿la búsqueda de un poder blando? 131 6.9. ¿Una nueva configuración de la política exterior y de seguridad japonesa? 133 7. ¿Enfrentamiento armado entre China y Japón por las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu? 139 7.1. Factores o lógicas cooperativas. 139 7.2. Factores o lógicas conflictivas. 142 8. Conclusiones. 147 9. Bibliografía. 152 10. Anexos. 178 Índice de nombres propios. 188 Índice temático. 190 4 Máster en Asia Oriental: Experto en China contemporánea y Relaciones Internacionales. ÍNDICE DE ILUSTRACIONES • En el cuerpo de trabajo Figuras: Fig. 1- Ubicación del Mar de China, y conexión con el Océano Índico y Pacífico………… 34 Fig. 2- Solapamiento entre una Gran China y una coalición antichina entre EEUU y Japón... 37 Fig. 3-Decisión del Gabinete del 14 de enero de 1895 por la que Japón incorpora las islas Senkaku bajo su soberanía………………………………………………………………. 39 Fig. 4- Mapa de las islas Paracelso…………………………………………………………... 55 Fig. 5- Mapa de las islas Spratly…………………………………………………………… 57 Fig. 6- Imagen desde un satélite de la construcción de una pista de aterrizaje de más de 2900 metros de largo, ubicada en una isla artificial de las Spratly………………………….. 64 Fig. 7- Imagen desde un satélite de barcos de dragado para la construcción de un puerto a través de la unión de seis arrecifes de coral pertenecientes a las Spratly………………….. 65 Fig. 8- Islas en disputa por la República Popular de China, entre ellas las Natuna, que a veces engloba a las islas Anambas. ………………………............................................ 70 Fig. 9- Mapa de los yacimientos gasíferos…………………………………………………… 90 Fig. 10- Mapa de la Primera y Segunda Cadena de Islas que desea crear la armada china…… 92 Fig. 11- Situación de las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu………………………………………………. 95 Fig. 12- Islas Senkaku/Diaoyu………………………………………………………………... 99 Fig. 13- Situación de las islas Kuriles………………………………………………………... 112 Fig. 14- Dominio cronológico de las islas Kuriles por Japón……………………………….. 113 Fig. 15- Mapa de la ubicación de Takeshima/Dokdo……………………………………...... 119 Fig. 16- Decisión del Consejo de Ministros del 28 de enero de 1905 por la que Japón incorpora Takeshima bajo su soberanía……………………………………………................. 120 Tablas: Tabla 1- Marco conceptual…………………………………………………………………. 18 Tabla 2- Premisas básicas de los paradigmas…………………………………………….... 30 Tabla 3: Dimensiones de los países ribereños del Mar de China………………………….. 34 Tabla 4- Cuadro cronológico de las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu…………………... …………… 41 Tabla 5- Cuadro cronológico de las islas Paracelso………………………………………… 55 Tabla 6- Cuadro cronológico de las islas Spratly…………………………………………... 66 Tabla 7- Gasto militar en 2014…………………………………………………………….. 79 Tabla 8- Cuadro resumen de las diferentes visiones sobre la Política Exterior……………. 88 Tabla 9- Enumeración de las islas que componen las Senkaku/Diaoyu……………………. 99 Tabla 10- Cuadro cronológico de las islas Kuriles………………………………………….118 5 Máster en Asia Oriental: Experto en China contemporánea y Relaciones Internacionales. Tabla 11- Cuadro cronológico de las islas Takeshima/Dokdo……………………………125 • En el Anexo 10.1.1 (tabla)- Evolución de la Guerra Fría en Asia oriental………………………….… 178 10.2.1 (mapa)- Mapa de la ubicación de las islas Senkaku/Diaoyu……………………... 180 10.2.2 (mapa)- Territorio devuelto por EE.UU. a Japón en 1972……………………….. 180 10.2.3 (mapa)- Factores de la Geopolítica japonesa……………………………………... 181 10.2.4 (mapa)- Conflictos marítimos de Asia oriental…………………………………... 181 10.2.5 (mapa)- Litigios y conflictos territoriales de China……………………………… 182 10.2.6 (mapa)- Bases norteamericanas en el mundo…………………………………….. 182 10.2.7 (mapa)- Zonas petrolíferas en el Mar de China Oriental………………………….. 183 10.2.8 (mapa)- Claves de la seguridad japonesa…………………………………..……… 184 10.2.9 (mapa)-
Recommended publications
  • Treaty Series Recueil Des Traites
    Treaty Series Treaties and international agreements registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat of the United Nations VOLUME 569 Recueil des Traites Traitis et accords internationaux enregistres ou classes et inscrits au r'pertoire au Secretariat de l'Organisationdes Nations Unies United Nations e Nations Unies New York, 1968 Treaties and international agreements registered or filed and recorded with the Secretariat of the United Nations VOLUME 569 1966 I. Nos. 8277-8283 TABLE OF CONTENTS I Treaties and international agreements registered from 21 July 1966 to 28 July 1966 Page No. 8277. International Development Association and Burundi: Development Credit Agreement-Bujumbura Water Supply Project (with related letters, annexed Development Credit Regulations No. 1 and Project Agreement between the Association and the R~gie de distribu- tion d'eau et d'6lectricit6). Signed at Washington, on 31 March 1966 3 No. 8278. International Development Association and Ethiopia: Development Credit Agreement-Education Project (with related letters and annexed Development Credit Regulations No. 1). Signed at Washing- ton, on 16 February 1966- ................................ 43 No. 8279. International Labour Organisation: Convention (No. 122) concerning employment policy, adopted by the General Conference of the International Labour Organisation at its forty- eighth session, Geneva, 9 July 1964 . .................. ... 65 No. 8280. Philippines and France: Exchange of notes constituting an agreement on the reciprocal waiver of visa requirements for holders of diplomatic or special passports of either country visiting the territory of the other. Paris, 8 March and 24 April 1963 .... ............ .... .............. ... 77 No. 8281. Japan and Brazil: Cultural Agreement. Signed at Tokyo, on 23 January 1961 .. ... .. 81 No.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Repository Universitas Jember Digital Repository Universitas Jember
    DigitalDigital RepositoryRepository UniversitasUniversitas JemberJember IMPLIKASI AMANDEMEN PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA ANTARA MENAKERTRANS INDONESIA DAN INTERNATIONAL MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION OF JAPAN (IMM) TERHADAP KETENAGAKERJAAN DI INDONESIA THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE AMENDMENT COOPERATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN MENAKERTRANS INDONESIA AND INTERNATIONAL MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION OF JAPAN (IMM) ON EMPLOYMENT IN INDONESIA SKRIPSI Oleh ANTONIUS SATRIYA WIBOWO NIM 100910101065 JURUSAN ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2017 DigitalDigital RepositoryRepository UniversitasUniversitas JemberJember IMPLIKASI AMANDEMEN PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA ANTARA MENAKERTRANS INDONESIA DAN INTERNATIONAL MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION OF JAPAN (IMM) TERHADAP KETENAGAKERJAAN DI INDONESIA THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE AMENDMENT COOPERATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN MENAKERTRANS INDONESIA AND INTERNATIONAL MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION OF JAPAN (IMM) ON EMPLOYMENT IN INDONESIA SKRIPSI diajukan guna melengkapi tugas akhir dan memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk menyelesaikan Studi Progam Ilmu Hubungan Internasional (S1) dan mencapai gelar Sarjana Sosial Oleh ANTONIUS SATRIYA WIBOWO NIM 100910101065 JURUSAN ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 2017 i DigitalDigital RepositoryRepository UniversitasUniversitas JemberJember PERSEMBAHAN Skripsi ini saya persembahkan untuk: 1. Kedua orang tua saya tercinta, Ibunda Hollivayani dan Ayahanda Hari Prasetyo Utomo, istri Ifah Lutfi, adik
    [Show full text]
  • 2 Australia, Japan and the Region
    AUSTRALIA, JAPAN AND THE REGION 31 2 AUSTRALIA, JAPAN AND THE REGION THE WEST NEW GUINEA DISPUTE, 1952–1962 David Walton Indonesian and Dutch claims over West New Guinea in the period 1949 to 1962 presented one of the first opportunities for regional dialogue in post-war Australia-Japan relations. The aims of this chapter are to chart changes in the Australian attitude towards Japan’s role in regional affairs and to examine how dialogue on West New Guinea assisted in laying the foundations for further regional cooperation and consultation between the two countries. The chapter examines the beginnings of post-war consultation between Australia and Japan. It is argued that the diplomatic intrigues involving the West New Guinea dispute (1952 to 1962) led to a substantial effort by Australian officials to bring Japan into closer alignment with Australian foreign policy objectives. As part of this initiative, regular meetings between Australia and Japan resulted in the relatively rapid development in the quality and scope of discussions and exchange of information on regional issues. Accordingly this chapter provides evidence of the formative processes towards institutionalising regular bilateral consultation and exchange of sensitive political information on regional issues. Regular diplomatic consultation on regional issues was important as it provided a basis for broadening the structure of the bilateral 32 JAPAN’S FUTURE IN EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC relationship and improved both countries’ understanding of contemporary bilateral relations. Overview of the West New Guinea dispute The political landscape of early post-war Asia was dominated by the notions of nationalism and demands for independence from European colonial powers.
    [Show full text]
  • JICA-RI Working Paper No.72
    An Interdisciplinary Study of Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers (JOCV) Political Origins of the Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers, 1960–1965: Why the State Sends Young Volunteers Abroad Yasunobu Okabe No. 72 March 2014 0 Use and dissemination of this working paper is encouraged; however, the JICA Research Institute requests due acknowledgement and a copy of any publication for which this working paper has provided input. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official positions of either the JICA Research Institute or JICA. JICA Research Institute 10-5 Ichigaya Honmura-cho Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8433 JAPAN TEL: +81-3-3269-3374 FAX: +81-3-3269-2054 Copyright ©2014 Japan International Cooperation Agency Research Institute All rights reserved. Political Origins of the Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers, 1960–1965: Why the State Sends Young Volunteers Abroad Yasunobu Okabe * Abstract This paper examines the political origins of the Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers (JOCV) through the lens of two research questions: (1) Why did the Japanese government undertake the JOCV project in 1965? and (2) Why did the project pursue multifaceted objectives – technical assistance, international friendship, and youth development? These questions are important for two reasons. First, as the country was struggling economically, experiencing domestic turmoil, and vulnerable to international conflict, it is surprising that the government would begin sending young volunteers to developing countries. Second, the JOCV’s objectives are inconsistent with each other, and therefore their coexistence requires further examination. Using a multi-level analysis strategy, we explore international and domestic factors.
    [Show full text]
  • Japan's Future in East Asia and the Pacific
    JAPAN’S FUTURE IN EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Professor Peter Drysdale JAPAN’S FUTURE IN EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC IN HONOUR OF PROFESSOR PETER DRYSDALE MARI PANGESTU AND LIGANG SONG (EDS) ASIA PACIFIC PRESS THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Copublished by ANU E Press and Asia Pacific Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Email: [email protected] This title is available online at http://epress.anu.edu.au/jfeap_citation.html © ANU E Press and Asia Pacific Press 2007 This work is copyright. Apart from those uses which may be permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 as amended, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publishers. The views expressed in this book are those of the author and not necessarily of the publishers. Asia Pacific Press Crawford School of Economics and Government The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Ph: 61-2-6125 0178 Fax: 61-2-6125 0767 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.asiapacificpress.com National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Japan’s future in East Asia and the Pacific : in honour of Professor Peter Drysdale / editors, Mari Pangestu ; Ligang Song. Publisher: Canberra : Asia Pacific Press, 2007. ISBN: 9780731538157 (pbk.) 9781921313622 (online) Notes: Includes index. Bibliography. Subjects: Free trade—Japan. Japan—Economic conditions. Japan—Foreign economic relations—Australia. Japan—Foreign economic relations—East Asia. Other Authors: Pangestu, Mari. Song, Ligang. Dewey Number: 337.52 Coversign: d eTer esa Prowse, ANU E Press The cover image is based on a woodblock print by Mototsugu Sugiyama ‘Sumida River on the verge of Spring’ (1997).
    [Show full text]
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Accord
    GENERAL AGREEMENT ACCORD GENERAL SUR RESTRICTED ON TARIFFS AND LES TARIFS DOUANIERS ™<$2^ TRADE ET LE COMMERCE Special Distribution MINISTERIAL MEETING REUNION MINISTERIELLE Tokyo, 12-14. September 1973 Tokyo, 12-14- septembre 1973 LJEST_QF jŒPRESENTATIVES LISTE" DES REPRESENTANTS Chairman: Mr. Masayoshi OHIRA, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan Président: ALGERIE Représentants S.E. M. Mustapha Belhocine, Ministre plénipotentiaire, Ministère des Affaires étrangères M. Mohamed Bouzarbia, Conseiller, Ministère des Affaires étrangères M. Abderahmane Charef, Directeur des Relations extérieures, Ministère du Commerce M. Mohamed Kamel Achour, Conseiller technique, Ministère du Commerce, M. Mustapha Dadou, Deuxième secrétaire, Ambassade à Tokyo Secretary of Meeting: Mr. H. van Tuinen, Room 319, Tel. ext 14-06 Press Officer: Mr. J. Croome, Matsu Room, 2nd Floor, Tel. ext. 362 -437-6904. (direct line) MIN(73)lHP/4/Rev.l Page 2/3 ARGENTINA Représentantes Sr. Gabriel Martinez Emba ador Représentante Especial para las Negociaciones Comerciales del-GATT, Sub-secretario de Comercio Exterior Sr. Fernando Lerena Ministro, Représentante Especial Alterno, Director de Tratados y Negociaciones de la Sub-secretaria del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Sr» Jorge Livingston Consejero ante el GATT, Misidn permanente ante la Oficina de las Naciones Unides en Ginebra AUSTRALIA Representatives The Eon. J.F. Cairns Minister of Overseas Trade and Minister for Secondary Industry Leader of Delegation H.E. Mr. G. Warwick Smith Ambassador, Special Trade Representative Mr. F.C. Pryor Secretary, Department of Secondary Industry Mr. S.F. Harris Deputy Secretary, Department of Overseas Trade Mr. J.C. Taylor First Assistant Secretary, Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet Mr. F.M. Collins First Assistant Secretary, .
    [Show full text]
  • Is Fukuda Next?
    Click here for Full Issue of EIR Volume 3, Number 51, December 20, 1976 Is Fukuda Next? Dec. 17 (NSIPS) - Japanese Prime Minister Takeo Miki faction have openly announced that they would walk out submitted his resignation today to the Liberal if Fukuda is chosen. Democratic Party's (LDP) executive council amid growing rumors in Tokyo that Japan's next premier will The New Liberal Club be former Deputy Prime Minister Takeo Fukuda - The party's woes have been heightened by the Miki's arch-rival inside the party and an associate of the announcement from the New Liberal Club (NLC) - a k Rockefeller family. Mi i will remain as a caretaker newly emerged party of young ex-LDP dissidents which president until a meeting of LDP parlimentarians elect a did well at the polls - that although Miki must bear new premier and party president Dec. 23. Miki also responsibility for the problems of the LDP "the denounced the "money and faction politics" inside the government would become far worse under Fukuda." party as being responsible for the party's sharp decline According to the NLC's secretary general a Fukuda in Japan's recent parlimentary lower house elections. government would force the NLC "to deal more severely Miki's formal resignation has freed the premier to now with the LDP." If Miki decides to quit the LDP he would maneuver more openly for a "dark horse" candidate to undoubtedly join ranks with the NLC. Such a defection unite the party's large but disparate elements into an would destroy the LDP's now razor-thin majority in anti-Fukuda bloc.
    [Show full text]
  • EXTRA VALUE Company
    THE EVENING STAR KlAuse Woshington, D. C., Tuesday, July 19, \jenCFQI iMCWS B-5 New Japanese Premier U.S. Seeks 1960 feature I like ALPA’s 296-man board of di- • |146 pilots. He said they would Stands the West rectors in Chicago July 5, but be at the of the hest is that it is by Release Striking Pilots ; top company’s l really of 2 date set. that all no was seniority list, so the ’ » b ROST-PROOF.—It TOKYO. July 19 (AP).—Japan's new Prime Minister, Hay- The airline has refused a i striking pilots wojpd not be ato Ikeda, aligned his government firmly with the Western By the Associated Press Await Move I union request that it make re- rehired. • democracies a foreign policy of and hiring of all Meanwhile, other airline of-! colder and today, rejected neutrality The United States, striking pilots a stays keeps accusing B pledged to work for greater prosperity at home. must in any future settlement. flcials reported some disruption Russia of illegal and reckless! From Leader In his first news conference since succeeding Prime Min- GBaydon Hall, vice president ; of air in the area due food ’fresher, lonf’er.” ister Nobusuke Ikeda action, has formally demanded l- Kishi, Mr. also: of Southern Airways, pointed 11 to uncertainty over the possi- ATLANTA. July 19 X(AP».— 1. Criticized Mr. Kishi’s tactics in winning parliamentary release of the two American out the airline has hired bility of an eight-state Picketing of additional air- 60 pilot’s Mrs. Robert H.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of US Extended Nuclear Deterrence Over Japan: a Study of Invisible Deterrence Between 1945 and 1970
    The University Of Reading The Development of US Extended Nuclear Deterrence over Japan: A Study of Invisible Deterrence between 1945 and 1970 Hiroshi Nakatani PhD, Politics Department of Politics and International Relations February 2019 Declaration of Original Authorship Declaration: I confirm that this is my own work and the use of all materials from other sources has been properly and fully acknowledged Hiroshi Nakatani 1 This thesis is dedicated to the late Colonel Matuo Keiichi for his service to Japan. 2 Acknowledgments Throughout my PhD life, many people and institutions have thoughtfully supported and encouraged my work. It is probably most appropriate to begin by acknowledging the School of Politics, International Relations and Economics, University of Reading for its financial assistance for three years. I am also extremely indebted to the Lyndon Johnson Library, the British Association for Japanese Studies and Reading Travel Research Grants for providing me with research grants, which enabled me to travel and research abroad. Without their generous financial support, this research project would not have been possible. I would also like to express my appreciation to my supervisors. I have been fortunate to have three supervisors. It was my greatest honour to work under Professor Beatrice Heuser, for whom I came to Reading. She has taught me many invaluable things which otherwise I could have never learned. She has taught me how to conduct great research and treat your students in particular. As a matter of fact, finding a greater supervisor than her can be more difficult to finish a PhD. I would also like to thank Professor Alan Cromartie for his supervision and patience.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward Conflict Transformation of the Japan-Korea Territorial Dispute
    Takeshima or Dokdo? Toward Conflict Transformation of the Japan-Korea Territorial Dispute 1* Daisuke Akimoto This article examines the territorial dispute between Japan and Korea over the Takeshima/Dokdo Islands from a perspective of peace research and conflict resolution. This article employs a modified version of conflict analysis framework and analyzes the historical, political, legal, economic, and social aspects of the bilateral territorial conflict. Indeed, the dispute has long been insoluble due to the complicated historical, political, economic, and social factors underlying the relationship between the two countries. Moreover, it is difficult to legally settle the bilateral dispute because the Korean government has declined to refer the conflict to the International Court of Justice. In order to overcome the deadlock of the territorial conflict, this article proposes applying the transcend method for conflict transformation of the Japan-Korea territorial dispute and to conduct Ho‘oponopono—a traditional Native Hawaiian dispute- resolution approach for a mutual reconciliation—between the Japanese and Korean people. Keywords: Dokdo, Ho‘oponopono, Liancourt Rocks, Takeshima, transcend method I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 52 II. METHODOLOGY: POLICY ANALYSIS ASPECTS AND CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION METHODS ............................................................. 55 III. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: THE ORIGIN OF THE TAKESHIMA/DOKDO ISLANDS DISPUTE .............................................. 58 IV. POLITICAL ASPECT: THE POSITION OF THE UNITED STATES ON THE *Daisuke Akimoto is a research fellow of the Institute of Contemporary Asian Studies (ICAS) at Temple University Japan Campus, the Institute for Security & Development Policy (ISDP) Stockholm Japan Center, and the Japan-Korea Cultural Foundation. Akimoto holds a Ph.D. in Asian Studies and International Relations (University of Western Sydney), an M.A.
    [Show full text]
  • ACC. 2000Loet5 B
    MAY I� 8 i IST�'f 2.. e F66 lq e " - 2.1 tf'-l P 6- I FT R.f3� .C... ·. F"lED Vt-JGL-A SSI UN ARCHIVES t-JOV '2..00'\ 22- EtjvJG SERIES s-to PLEASE RETAIN • ll� ORIGINAL ORDER BOX 3 FILE - B 000 ACC. 2 loet5 ' l �iON OF GIFTS: I CHINA/MONGOLIA I .. I i 83 l i 6...;21 May 1987 ss 13 . 15 i . 16 on < hina M g i , . • .. ' OFFICIAL GIFTS ' i I i I 1. SCULPTURE no.40/lj': ? 1 I I Air-! - 2. VASE ! 1.1. 1ne i , i BOX MEDALS I 2 I , 3. 5 ibook: ? i i 1 I i 4. BOX 3 MEDALS 2 ! 1. ; ' ! - 1 2 j , .2... s. CHARTER J I '· I 6. PAPERWEIGHT I I l 3 3 7. LUCITE I ..2. ' ! 2 4 2 a. SG I s lwlEDAL � 3 2 9. LOOSE MEDAL ! l 4 ! . r ,...b. I 10. PEACE DOVE I ? ? ? s. ' ! ' .] ; 11 . PHOTO . ? I ? ? t I 12. GOLD MEDAL I ! i i I I I ADDITIONAL GIFTS I! i I ! I I i i • 13 . : I ll MARBJ,F. Pl\PF.'RWF. T�H'T' .1 .1 .1 I 14 . FOLDER, LARGE I 4 2 4 lO 4 � 15. FOLDER, SMALL I 4 g :t;lppo 30 30 - 16 . LIGHTERS n. 17 . PEN, CARTIER 3 2 ! c 18 . PEN, GOOD (cross) 4 i - I '19 . PEN, REGULAR 10 10 20 H� (.Sheets l 20. STAMPS arrl l:xx)�ets) XX ! I TIFFANY GIFTS I 2 21. BOOKMARJ( 2 2 i 2 22.
    [Show full text]
  • The United States and Japan in Global Context: 2012
    The Edwin O. Reischauer Center For East Asian Studies The United States and Japan in Global Context: 2012 THE PAUL H. NITZE SCHOOL OF ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL SUTIDES THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON, D.C. THE EDWIN O. REISCHAUER CENTER FOR EAST ASIAN STUDIES THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN IN GLOBAL CONTEXT: 2012 THE PAUL H. NITZE SCHOOL OF ADVANCED INTERNATIONAL STUDIES THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY Washington, D.C. Edwin O. Reischauer (Oct. 15, 1910 – Sept. 1, 1990) TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ····················································································································· 1 William L. Brooks Structural Issues Impeded Progress in Japan-South Korea Relations ···························· 27 Patrick Branco Same Game or End Game? Japan and the North Korea Conundrum ····························· 39 Matthew Yi The Political Influence of the Matsushita Institute of Government and Management ··· 49 Narae Choi Japan’s Energy Security in a Post-3/11 Future ······························································· 63 Dan Zhu Japan’s Monetary Policy Choices in a World of Financial Crisis ·································· 78 Conor Foley A Golden Opportunity: Japan and the Trans-Pacific Partnership ··································· 94 Max Helzberg Damage Control: Nuclear Fear and Japanese Exports after 3/11 ·································· 105 Benjamin Lauer Startup Japan: Ensuring Future Economic Growth ······················································· 120 Timothy Koide Class Research Trip
    [Show full text]