Voyages of Admiral Zheng He in Relation to Penang Pelayaran Laksamana Zheng He Dan Kaitannya Dengan Pulau Pinang
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Asian Expansions
8 Siamese state expansion in the Thonburi and early Bangkok periods Koizumi Junko Introduction This study examines how the polity of Siam was able to re-establish itself and expand its control over the areas that extended to the Lao Kingdoms in the north and northeast and to the Malay Peninsula in the south within the several decades after the destruction of Ayutthaya by Burmese forces. Existing studies have pointed out that thriving maritime trade, especially with China, was of crucial importance to the recovery of Siamese power. The early Bangkok period saw a frequent dispatch of tributary missions to China with a commercial motivation of unprecedented strength. Along with the dispatch of official tributary missions, private junk trade between the two countries also flourished. By fully exploiting the benefits from such trade, Siam quickly recovered from the devastation caused by the Burmese invasion and became one of the major powers in the region by the early nineteenth century.1 Besides those studies that emphasise the significance of maritime com mercial activities, there is another vein of research that stresses the import ance of labour power control, particularly corvée service to the king imposed on all able-bodied men, for the (re-)establishment of Siam as a strong kingdom.2 It is argued that in the beginning of a new dynasty, the absolute kingship based on a firm control over labour power in the form of corvée was realised; yet such control was to be eroded by the flourishing commercial economy, through its encouragement of corvée evasion as commoners fled or became phrai som (“private” freemen serving officials) or that (a person under debt bondage) on the one hand, and the employ ment of Chinese wage labourers on the other. -
Muzikološki Z B O R N I K X L I V
MUZIKOLOŠKI ZBORNIK MUSICOLOGICAL ANNUAL X L I V / 1 ZVEZEK/VOLUME L J U B L J A N A 2 0 0 8 MUZIKOLOŠKI ZBORNIK • MUSICOLOGICAL ANNUAL XLIV/1 • MUSICOLOGICAL ZBORNIK ANNUAL MUZIKOLOŠKI APLIKATIVNA ETNOMUZIKOLOGIJA ISSN 0580-373X APPLIED ETHNOMUSICOLOGY 9 770580 373009 MUZIKOLOŠKI ZBORNIK MUSICOLOGICAL ANNUAL X L I V / 1 ZVEZEK/VOLUME L J U B L J A N A 2 0 0 8 APLIKATIVNA ETNOMUZIKOLOGIJA APPLIED ETHNOMUSICOLOGY 1 Izdaja • Published by Oddelek za muzikologijo Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani Urednik zvezka • Edited by Svanibor Pettan (Ljubljana) Urednik • Editor Matjaž Barbo (Ljubljana) Asistent uredništva • Assistant Editor Jernej Weiss (Ljubljana) Uredniški odbor • Editorial Board Mikuláš Bek (Brno) Jean-Marc Chouvel (Reims) David Hiley (Regensburg) Nikša Gligo (Zagreb) Aleš Nagode (Ljubljana) Niall O’Loughlin (Loughborough) Leon Stefanija (Ljubljana) Andrej Rijavec (Ljubljana), častni urednik • honorary editor Uredništvo • Editorial Address Oddelek za muzikologijo Filozofska fakulteta Aškerčeva 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija e-mail: [email protected] http://www.ff.uni-lj.si Prevajanje • Translation Andrej Rijavec Cena • Price 10 € / 20 € (other countries) Tisk • Printed by Birografika Bori d.o.o., Ljubljana Naklada 500 izvodov• Printed in 500 copies Rokopise, publikacije za recenzije, korespondenco in naročila pošljite na naslov izdajatelja. Prispevki naj bodo opremljeni s kratkim povzetkom (200-300 besed), izvlečkom (do 50 besed), ključnimi besedami in kratkimi podatki o avtorju. Nenaročenih rokopisov ne vračamo. Manuscripts, publications for review, correspondence and annual subscription rates should be sent to the editorial address. Contributions should include a short summary (200-300 words), abstract (not more than 50 words) keywords and a short biographical noe on the author. -
Federated Malay States Railways
CORNELL UNlVEiOJiTY LIBRARIES ITHACA, N. y. 14853 J§htt M. Eehelf GsHkeum on ^thmt Aili JOHN M, OUN LIBRARY^ t'i*v«S2?&:{*^86;®s pEDERflTED MALAY ST3TES RfllLWflYS x^ PEMANG TO itJM^/ SINGAPORE^ 24 HOURS SINGAPORE,- I.] TO ,^^_^ ^^NJ p. A. ANTHONY, I* ^ GENERAL MAIN/IGER FEDERATED M/flMY STATES RfllLW/lYSl KUflLfl LUMPUR MAiar PENINSULA ; r- ^ EITISH Equable 'tropical Qlimate. PALAfA. c^agnificent Scenery. Big Game Shooting. Snipe Shooting, best in the World. Great Tin Mines. Good Hotels. Rubber Estates. Summer Seas. Government Railway. Excellent Steamship Services. Coconut Plantations Chinese Temples. Fine Roads for Motoring over 2,000 miles. Winter Resort for Travellers. For Maps, Time Tables and Illustrated Guide to the F- M. S. apply to— " General Manager for Railways," KUALA LUMPUR OR The Malay States Information Agency, 88 Cannon Street, London, E.G. : OR Thos. Gook & Sons, Ludgate GIrcus. London, E.G. -\t. :^ . 1^1 LWAYS Pamphlet of Information for Travellers. Jours in the jYCalay Peninsula 19 14. 4^ !J^ Federated IDalay States Railioays. THE STATION HOTEL, KUALA LUMPUR. i^yf.,^^ Electric Light and Fans. High-class Restaurant adjoining. >ioderate and fixed tariff. Accommodation can be secured by Telegram, free of charge, on application to the Station Master at any Station on the Federated Malay States Railway System. For Tariff and other Particulars, apply to the Traffic Manager, F. M. S. RAILWAYS, KUALA LUMPUR. THE STATION HOTEL, IPOH, will be Opened in 1914. 10 ^ ^ ^ f" =% Fedcnated malay States Railioays, Tzventy-four hours through Railway Service from PENANG to SINGAPORE, or vice versa, 472 miles. DAILY. -
A History of Southeast Asia
ARTHUR AHISTORYOF COTTERELL SOUTHEAST AHISTORYOF ASIA SOUTHE A HISTORY OF OF HISTORY About the Author A History of Southeast Asia is a sweeping and wide-ranging SOUTHEAST Arthur Cotterell was formerly principal of Kingston narration of the history of Southeast Asia told through historical College, London. He has lived and travelled widely anecdotes and events. in Asia and Southeast Asia, and has devoted ASIA much of his life to writing on the region. In 1980, Superbly supported by over 200 illustrations, photographs and he published !e First Emperor of China, whose maps, this authoritative yet engagingly written volume tells the account of Qin Shi Huangdi’s remarkable reign was history of the region from earliest recorded times until today, translated into seven languages. Among his recent covering present-day Myanmar, !ailand, Cambodia, Laos, AS books are Western Power in Asia: Its Slow Rise and Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, the Philippines, Indonesia Swift Fall 1415–1999, and Asia: A Concise History, and East Timor. T A published in 2011, the "rst ever coverage of the entire continent. “Arthur Cotterell writes in a most entertaining way by putting a human face on the history of Asia. Far too often, “Arthur Cotterell writes in a most entertaining history books are dry and boring and it is refreshing SIA way by putting a human face on the history of Asia.” to come across one which is so full of life. - to be changed” – Peter Church, OAM, author of A Short History of South East Asia, on Arthur Cotterell – Professor Bruce Lockhart -
Protestant Cemetery
GEORGe Town’s NORTHAM ROAD PROTESTANT CEMETERY GEORGE TOWN’S NORTHAM ROAD PROTESTANT CEMETERY | 1 George Town’s Northam Road 2 Protestant Cemetery – an overview 4 St. George’s Church 6 Number of graves and individuals 7 Ethnicity of those interred 7 Occupations of those interred 7 Gender and age of those interred 8 Historic personalities 26 Tombstones – Types and materials 28 Symbolism 29 Plaques – Types and materials 29 Reminders 30 Bibliography 32 About GTWHI 2 | GEORGE TOWN’S NORTHAM ROAD PROTESTANT CEMETERY GEORGE TOWN’S Northam ROAD Protestant Cemetery – AN OVERVIEW The old Protestant Cemetery in George Town is a Category 1 heritage site located within the George Town World Heritage Site (GTWHS). The Cemetery and the adjoining Roman Catholic Cemetery were created soon after the British East India Company (EIC) established a settlement in Penang in 1786. Early maps and references note that the two cemeteries were simply referred to as the “Burying Ground”, demonstrating an early tolerance between Catholics and Protestants in the new settlement which was not reflected in the Old World at the time. The earliest recorded burial is for William Murray (see page 24) in 1787, which suggests the cemetery was utilised shortly after Light’s arrival in Penang. At that time it was beyond the precincts of town on partly swampy ground. When the Napoleonic Wars threatened British trading interests in Asia, the decision was made to establish Penang as a naval and shipbuilding base in 1805. In line with the island’s new status as a Presidency, the administration under Governor Philip Dundas was also tasked with building a Protestant church and establishing clear boundaries around the existing Cemetery. -
British Strategic Interests in the Straits of Malacca, 1786-1819
BRITISH STRATEGIC INTERESTS IN THE STRAITS OF MALACCA 1786-1819 Samuel Wee Tien Wang B.A., Simon Fraser University, 1991 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of History O Samuel Wee Tien Wang 1992 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY December 1992 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL NAME: Samuel Wee DEGREE: TITLE OF THESIS: British Strategic Interests in the Straits of Malacca, 1786-1819 EXAMINING COMMITTEE: CHAIR: J. I. Little ~dhardIngram, Professor Ian Dyck, Associate ~hfessor Chdrles Fedorak - (Examiner) DATE: 15 December 1992 PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE 1 hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of Thesis/Project/Extended Essay British Strategic Interests in the Straits of Malacca Author: (signature) Samuel Wee (name) (date) ABSTRACT It has almost become a common-place assumption that the 1819 founding of Singapore at the southern tip of the strategically located Straits of Malacca represented for the English East India Company a desire to strengthen trade with China; that it was part of an optimistic and confident swing to the east which had as its goal, the lucrative tea trade. -
PENANG MUSEUMS, CULTURE and HISTORY Abu Talib Ahmad
Kajian Malaysia, Vol. 33, Supp. 2, 2015, 153–174 PENANG MUSEUMS, CULTURE AND HISTORY Abu Talib Ahmad School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA Email: [email protected] The essay studies museums in Penang, their culture displays and cultural contestation in a variety of museums. Penang is selected as case study due to the fine balance in population numbers between the Malays and the Chinese which is reflected in their cultural foregrounding in the Penang State Museum. This ethnic balance is also reflected by the multiethnic composition of the state museum board. Yet behind this façade one could detect the existence of culture contests. Such contests are also found within the different ethnic groups like the Peranakan and non-Peranakan Chinese or the Malays and the Indian-Muslims. This essay also examines visitor numbers and the attractiveness of the Penang Story. The essay is based on the scrutiny of museum exhibits, museum annual reports and conversations with former and present members of the State Museum Board. Keywords: Penang museums, State Museum Board, Penang Story, museum visitors, culture and history competition INTRODUCTION The phrase culture wars might have started in mid-19th century Germany but it came into wider usage since the 1960s in reference to the ideological polarisations among Americans into the liberal and conservative camps (Hunter, 1991; Luke, 2002). Although not as severe, such wars in Malaysia are manifested by the intense culture competition within and among museums due to the pervasive influence of ethnicity in various facets of the national life. As a result, museum foregrounding of culture and history have become contested (Matheson- Hooker, 2003: 1–11; Teo, 2010: 73–113; Abu Talib, 2008: 45–70; 2012; 2015). -
Por-Tugu-Ese? the Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia
School of Social Sciences Department of Anthropology Por-Tugu-Ese? The Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia. Raan-Hann Tan Thesis specially presented for the fulfilment of the degree of Doctor in Anthropology Supervisor: Brian Juan O’Neill, Full Professor ISCTE-IUL March, 2016 School of Social Sciences Department of Anthropology Por-Tugu-Ese? The Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia. Raan-Hann Tan Thesis specially presented for the fulfilment of the degree of Doctor in Anthropology Jury: Dr. Shamsul Amri Baharuddin, Distinguished Professor, Institute of Ethnic Studies, National University of Malaysia Dr. Maria Johanna Christina Schouten, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Beira Interior Dr. Ema Cláudia Ribeiro Pires, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Évora Dr. António Fernando Gomes Medeiros, Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, ISCTE- University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL) Dr. Marisa Cristina dos Santos Gaspar, Research Fellow, Orient Institute, School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lisbon (ISCSP-UL). Dr. Brian Juan O’Neill, Full Professor, Department of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL) March, 2016 ABSTRACT Por-Tugu-Ese? The Protestant Tugu Community of Jakarta, Indonesia Keywords: Mardijkers, Betawi, Portuguese identity, Christian village, Keroncong Tugu Although many centuries have passed since Portugal’s Age of Discoveries, enduring hybrid communities are still surviving in places where the Portuguese had been present. Portuguese identity in Malacca, Larantuka, and East Timor, for example, has always been associated with Catholicism. But in Batavia, the Portuguese-speaking population (the Mardijkers, slaves, and Burghers) was converted to Calvinism under Dutch colonization, forming the Protestant Portuguese community in Indonesia. -
Application of Link Integrity Techniques from Hypermedia to the Semantic Web
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Department of Electronics and Computer Science A mini-thesis submitted for transfer from MPhil to PhD Supervisor: Prof. Wendy Hall and Dr Les Carr Examiner: Dr Nick Gibbins Application of Link Integrity techniques from Hypermedia to the Semantic Web by Rob Vesse February 10, 2011 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE A mini-thesis submitted for transfer from MPhil to PhD by Rob Vesse As the Web of Linked Data expands it will become increasingly important to preserve data and links such that the data remains available and usable. In this work I present a method for locating linked data to preserve which functions even when the URI the user wishes to preserve does not resolve (i.e. is broken/not RDF) and an application for monitoring and preserving the data. This work is based upon the principle of adapting ideas from hypermedia link integrity in order to apply them to the Semantic Web. Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Hypothesis . .2 1.2 Report Overview . .8 2 Literature Review 9 2.1 Problems in Link Integrity . .9 2.1.1 The `Dangling-Link' Problem . .9 2.1.2 The Editing Problem . 10 2.1.3 URI Identity & Meaning . 10 2.1.4 The Coreference Problem . 11 2.2 Hypermedia . 11 2.2.1 Early Hypermedia . 11 2.2.1.1 Halasz's 7 Issues . 12 2.2.2 Open Hypermedia . 14 2.2.2.1 Dexter Model . 14 2.2.3 The World Wide Web . -
ICRP Calendar
The notions of International Relations (IR) in capital letters and international relations (ir) in lowercase letters have two different meanings. The first refers to a scholarly discipline while the second one means a set of contemporary events with historical importance, which influences global-politics. In order to make observations, formulate theories and describe patterns within the framework of ‘IR’, one needs to fully comprehend specific events related to ‘ir’. It is why the Institute for Cultural Relations Policy (ICRP) believes that a timeline on which all the significant events of international relations are identified might be beneficial for students, scholars or professors who deal with International Relations. In the following document all the momentous wars, treaties, pacts and other happenings are enlisted with a monthly division, which had considerable impact on world-politics. January 1800 | Nationalisation of the Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed 01 from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800. 1801 | Establishment of the United Kingdom On 1 January 1801, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland united to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Most of Ireland left the union as the Irish Free State in 1922, leading to the remaining state being renamed as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1927. 1804 | Haiti independence declared The independence of Haiti was recognized by France on 17 April 1825. -
Artifacts of Exchange: a Multiscalar Approach to Maritime Archaeology at Elmina, Ghana
Syracuse University SURFACE Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Anthropology - Dissertations Affairs 2011 Artifacts of Exchange: A Multiscalar Approach to Maritime Archaeology at Elmina, Ghana Andrew T. Pietruszka Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/ant_etd Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Pietruszka, Andrew T., "Artifacts of Exchange: A Multiscalar Approach to Maritime Archaeology at Elmina, Ghana" (2011). Anthropology - Dissertations. 87. https://surface.syr.edu/ant_etd/87 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology - Dissertations by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT This dissertation focuses on the excavation and interpretation of two European ships discovered at Elmina Ghana, the coastal site of the first and largest European fort in sub-Saharan Africa. Discovered in 2003, the first vessel, located 1.5 miles offshore of the castle, is largely comprised of remnants of cargo exposed on the seafloor. European trade wares recovered from the site suggest a mid-seventeenth century vessel, most likely of Dutch origin. AMS radiocarbon dates obtained from several fragments of wood recovered in cores taken at the site support this assumption. The second vessel was discovered by accident during the 2007 dredging of the Benya River, a small lagoonal system that empties into the sea at Elmina. Largely destroyed during the operation, identifiable remains included fifteen timbers and three cannon. Dendrochronology and ship construction techniques indicate the remains to be those of an early eighteenth century Dutch vessel. -
NEW NETHERLAND and the DUTCH ORIGINS of AMERICAN RELIGIOUS LIBERTY EARLY AMERICAN STUDIES
NEW NETHERLAND and the DUTCH ORIGINS of AMERICAN RELIGIOUS LIBERTY EARLY AMERICAN STUDIES Series editors: Daniel K. Richter, Kathleen M. Brown, Max Cavitch, and David Waldstreicher Exploring neglected aspects of our colonial, revolutionary, and early national history and culture, Early American Studies reinterprets familiar themes and events in fresh ways. Interdisciplinary in character, and with a special emphasis on the period from about 1600 to 1850, the series is published in partnership with the McNeil Center for Early American Studies. A complete list of books in the series is available from the publisher. NEW NETHERLAND and the DUTCH ORIGINS of AMERICAN RELIGIOUS LIBERTY EVAN HAEFELI university of pennsylvania press philadelphia Copyright ᭧ 2012 University of Pennsylvania Press All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher. Published by University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112 www.upenn.edu/pennpress Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Haefeli, Evan, 1969– New Netherland and the Dutch origins of American religious liberty / Evan Haefeli. — 1st ed. p. cm. — (Early American studies) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8122-4408-3 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. New Netherland—Religion. 2. Religious tolerance—United States—History—17th century. 3. United States—Religion—17th century. 4. United States—Church history—To 1775. 5. Dutch—United States—History—17th century.