DOCSLIB.ORG

Metric System

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Metric System Chapter 3 Systems of Measurement Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric System • Preferred system of measurement in healthcare • Universal and international, • Used for prescribing, measuring and recording medications because, as a decimal system, it is precise • Based on the powers of 10 with 3 Base Units Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1 Metric System 3 Base Units 1. Weight 2. Volume 3. Length Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric System WEIGHT • Most utilized parameter • Important as a dosage unit • The metric base unit of weight is the gram (g) Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric System VOLUME •2nd most used parameter • Usually refers to liquids • Think “capacity” how much a container holds • Additionally, uses Quantity & Concentration (amount and strength of a solution) • The metric base unit of length is liter (L) • millileter (mL) most common volume unit Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2 Metric System LENGTH • Least utilized parameter • Linear measurement used in health care (height, amount of ointment ,size of laceration) • The metric base unit is meter (m) • Most length measurements are in millimeter (mm) or centimeters (cm) Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric System In the Metric System, Pre-fixes aka “sub-units” are used to show which portion of the base unit is being considered. NEED to know most commonly used pre-fixes or “sub-units” for health care!! Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric Prefixes micro = one millionth or 0.000001 or 1 of base unit 1,000,000 milli = one thousandth or 0.001 or 1 of base unit 1,000 centi = one hundredth or 0.01 or 1 of base unit 100 deci = one tenth or 0.1 or 1 of base unit 10 kilo = one thousand or 1,000 times base unit Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 3 International System (SI) of Metric Units and Abbreviations • Weight – gram (g) • Base unit – milligram (mg) – microgram (mcg) – kilogram (kg) Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. SI of Metric Units and Abbreviations • Volume – liter (L) as the base unit – deciliter (dL) – milliliter (mL) Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. SI of Metric Units and Abbreviations • Length – meter (m) as the base unit – centimeter (cm) – millimeter (mm) Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 4 Comparing Common Metric Units Prefix kilo- hecto- deca- base deci- centi- milli- decimilli- centimilli- micro- Weight kilogram gram milligram microgram Volume liter deciliter milliliter Length meter centimeter millimeter Value to 1,000 100 10 1.0 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 0.000001 Base Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. • Units in the metric system are all related by a power of 10, which means that each successive unit is 10 times larger than the previous one. This makes converting one metric measurement to another a straightforward process, and is often as simple as moving a decimal point. It is always important, though, to consider the direction of the conversion. If you are converting a smaller unit to a larger unit, then the decimal point has to move to the left (making your number smaller); if you are converting a larger unit to a smaller unit, then the decimal point has to move to the right (making your number larger). Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Remembering Order gram liter meter kilo hecto deca BASE deci centi milli KHD DCM “King Henry Died from a Disease Called Mumps” Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 5 Rules of Metric Notation • Always put unit or abbreviation after amount – E.g., 5 g (not g 5) • Avoid putting period after unit abbreviation – E.g., mg (not mg.) – Could be mistaken for number one Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Rules of Metric Notation • Avoid adding “s” to make unit plural – E.g., 7 mL (not 7 mLs) – Could be mistaken for another unit Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Rules of Metric Notation • Separate amount from unit – E.g., 20 mg (not 20mg) – Otherwise number and unit run together • Unit could be mistaken as zero • Place commas for amounts of 1,000 or more – E.g., 10,000 mcg (not 10000 mcg) Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6 Rules of Metric Notation • Use leading zero to emphasize decimal point for fractional metric units of less than one – E.g., 0.5 mg (not .5 mg) – Prevents potential dosage error • Misinterpreted medication order as 5 mg rather than 0.5 mg would be 10 times appropriate dosage Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Rules of Metric Notation • Use decimals to designate fractional metric units 1 – E.g., 1.5 mL (not 1 mL) 2 • Omit unnecessary (trailing) zeros – E.g., 1.5 g (not 1.50 g) Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Rules of Metric Notation • Avoid using abbreviation µg for microgram – Could be mistaken for mg • 1,000 times larger – Acceptable abbreviation: •mcg Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 7 Rules of Metric Notation • Avoid using abbreviation cc for mL – Could be mistaken for zeros • When in doubt, double-check – Ask writer for clarification If in doubt, always ask the writer to clarify if you are not sure of the abbreviation or notation used. Never guess! Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric Base Units The only units that may stand alone in the metric system are: m = meter L = liter g = gram Some people mistake m for milli but milli has to precede one of these base units (mL, mg, or mm) - milli cannot stand alone as m Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric Measurements and Equivalents: Weight Unit Abbreviation Equivalents gram g 1 g = 1,000 mg milligram mg 1 mg = 1,000 mcg = 0.001 g microgram mcg 1 mcg = 0.001 mg = 0.000001 g kilogram kg 1 kg = 1,000 g Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 8 Metric Measurements and Equivalents: Volume Unit Abbreviation Equivalents liter L 1 L = 1,000 mL milliliter mL 1 mL = 0.001 L Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Metric Measurements and Equivalents: Length Unit Abbreviation Equivalents meter m 1 m = 100 cm = 1,000 mm centimeter cm 1 cm = 0.01 m = 10 mm millimeter mm 1 mm = 0.001 m = 0.1 cm Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. QUICK REVIEW • The metric base units are gram (g), liter (L), and meter (m). • Sub-units are designated by appropriate pre-fix and base unit such as milligram (mg) • There are 10 critical rules for ensuring amounts and units are accurate. LEARN THEM! • NEVER GUESS the meaning of a metric notation. ASK!! Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 9 APOTHECARY AND HOUSEHOLD SYSTEMS • First system of medication measurement used by apothecaries (aka pharmacists/MD’s) • Originated in Greece • Prevalent in home care settings, disappeared from hospitals and health care in the 1950’s • Pints, quarts, gallons • Grain, ounce, pound Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. APOTHECARY AND HOUSEHOLD SYSTEMS • The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (2013) discouraged use • Customary to express in Roman numerals • Remnants remain…aspirin grains 5 still found on some disposable medicine cups with its metric counterpart 325 mg, drams and ounces • Considered obsolete WHAT DO YOU DO IF?.... Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. HOUSEHOLD SYSTEM • Used by patients at home • Important for Medication Reconciliation • Important for Discharge Teaching • Important for advising patients/families about take home medications • Tele-nursing • Use of fractional amounts expressed as common fractions Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 10 Household System of Measurement Unit Abbreviation Equivalents drop gtt teaspoon t (or tsp) 3 t = 1 T tablespoon T (or tbs) 1 T = 3 t ounce (fluid) fl oz 2 T = 1 fl oz ounce (weight) oz 1 pound (lb) = 16 oz cup cup 1 cup = 8 fl oz pint pt 1 pt = 2 cups = 16 fl oz quart qt 1 qt = 4 cups = 2 pt Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Approximate Equivalents • 1 t = 5 mL • 1 T = 3 t = 15 mL = ½ fl oz • 1 fl oz = 30 mL = 6 t = 2 T • 1 L = 1 qt = 32 fl oz = 2 pt = 4 cups • 1 pt = 500 mL = 16 fl oz = 2 cups • 1 cup = 250 mL = 8 fl oz • 1 kg = 2.2 lb • 1 inches (in) = 2.5 cm Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Units • Standardized amount needed to produce desired effect – Used to measure unit of potency • Vitamins • Chemicals • Heparin • Insulin • No abbreviation – Write “unit” or “international unit” – No conversion as ordered dosage & supply dosage are in the same system Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 11 Units 1 • Milliunit is one thousandth ()1, 000 of a unit – Some drugs measured in milliunits • E.g., oxytocin Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Milliequivalents (mEq) 1 • One thousandth ()1,000 of equivalent weight of chemical – Used when referring to concentration of serum electrolytes such as calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium – The abbreviations U and IU included on the “Do Not Use List” Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Copyright © 2016 Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 12.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Metric System: America Measures Up. 1979 Edition. INSTITUTION Naval Education and Training Command, Washington, D.C
    DOCONENT RESUME ED 191 707 031 '926 AUTHOR Andersonv.Glen: Gallagher, Paul TITLE The Metric System: America Measures Up. 1979 Edition. INSTITUTION Naval Education and Training Command, Washington, D.C. REPORT NO NAVEDTRA,.475-01-00-79 PUB CATE 1 79 NOTE 101p. .AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing .Office, Washington, DC 2040Z (Stock Number 0507-LP-4.75-0010; No prise quoted). E'DES PRICE MF01/PC05 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Cartoons; Decimal Fractions: Mathematical Concepts; *Mathematic Education: Mathem'atics Instruction,: Mathematics Materials; *Measurement; *Metric System; Postsecondary Education; *Resource Materials; *Science Education; Student Attitudes: *Textbooks; Visual Aids' ABSTRACT This training manual is designed to introduce and assist naval personnel it the conversion from theEnglish system of measurement to the metric system of measurement. The bcokteliswhat the "move to metrics" is all,about, and details why the changeto the metric system is necessary. Individual chaPtersare devoted to how the metric system will affect the average person, how the five basic units of the system work, and additional informationon technical applications of metric measurement. The publication alsocontains conversion tables, a glcssary of metric system terms,andguides proper usage in spelling, punctuation, and pronunciation, of the language of the metric, system. (MP) ************************************.******i**************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best thatcan be made * * from
    [Show full text]
  • 8.1 Basic Terms & Conversions in the Metric System 1/1000 X Base Unit M
    ___________________________________ 8.1 Basic Terms & Conversions in the Metric System ___________________________________ Basic Units of Measurement: •Meter (m) used to measure length. A little longer than a yard. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ •Kilogram (kg) used to measure mass. A little more than 2 pounds. ___________________________________ •Liter (l) used to measure volume. A little more than a quart. •Celsius (°C) used to measure temperature. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 1 The metric system is based on powers of 10 (the decimal system). ___________________________________ Prefix Symbol Meaning ___________________________________ kilo k 1000 x base unit ___________________________________ hecto h 100 x base unit deka da 10 x base unit ___________________________________ ——— ——— base unit deci d 1/10 x base unit ___________________________________ centi c 1/100 x base unit milli m 1/1000 x base unit ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 2 ___________________________________ Changing Units within the Metric System 1. To change from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the ___________________________________ decimal point in the original quantity one place to the for each larger unit of measurement until you obtain the desired unit of measurement. ___________________________________ 2. To change form a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point
    [Show full text]
  • Metric System Units of Length
    Math 0300 METRIC SYSTEM UNITS OF LENGTH Þ To convert units of length in the metric system of measurement The basic unit of length in the metric system is the meter. All units of length in the metric system are derived from the meter. The prefix “centi-“means one hundredth. 1 centimeter=1 one-hundredth of a meter kilo- = 1000 1 kilometer (km) = 1000 meters (m) hecto- = 100 1 hectometer (hm) = 100 m deca- = 10 1 decameter (dam) = 10 m 1 meter (m) = 1 m deci- = 0.1 1 decimeter (dm) = 0.1 m centi- = 0.01 1 centimeter (cm) = 0.01 m milli- = 0.001 1 millimeter (mm) = 0.001 m Conversion between units of length in the metric system involves moving the decimal point to the right or to the left. Listing the units in order from largest to smallest will indicate how many places to move the decimal point and in which direction. Example 1: To convert 4200 cm to meters, write the units in order from largest to smallest. km hm dam m dm cm mm Converting cm to m requires moving 4 2 . 0 0 2 positions to the left. Move the decimal point the same number of places and in the same direction (to the left). So 4200 cm = 42.00 m A metric measurement involving two units is customarily written in terms of one unit. Convert the smaller unit to the larger unit and then add. Example 2: To convert 8 km 32 m to kilometers First convert 32 m to kilometers. km hm dam m dm cm mm Converting m to km requires moving 0 .
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson 1: Length English Vs
    Lesson 1: Length English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer 1 mile B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer 1 mile B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers 1 yard = 0.9444 meters English vs. Metric Units Which is longer? A. 1 mile or 1 kilometer 1 mile B. 1 yard or 1 meter C. 1 inch or 1 centimeter 1.6 kilometers 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters 1 yard = 0.9444 meters Metric Units The basic unit of length in the metric system in the meter and is represented by a lowercase m. Standard: The distance traveled by light in absolute vacuum in 1∕299,792,458 of a second. Metric Units 1 Kilometer (km) = 1000 meters 1 Meter = 100 Centimeters (cm) 1 Meter = 1000 Millimeters (mm) Which is larger? A. 1 meter or 105 centimeters C. 12 centimeters or 102 millimeters B. 4 kilometers or 4400 meters D. 1200 millimeters or 1 meter Measuring Length How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter? 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters What is the length of the line in centimeters? _______cm What is the length of the line in millimeters? _______mm What is the length of the line to the nearest centimeter? ________cm HINT: Round to the nearest centimeter – no decimals.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 5 Dimensional Analysis and Similarity
    Chapter 5 Dimensional Analysis and Similarity Motivation. In this chapter we discuss the planning, presentation, and interpretation of experimental data. We shall try to convince you that such data are best presented in dimensionless form. Experiments which might result in tables of output, or even mul- tiple volumes of tables, might be reduced to a single set of curves—or even a single curve—when suitably nondimensionalized. The technique for doing this is dimensional analysis. Chapter 3 presented gross control-volume balances of mass, momentum, and en- ergy which led to estimates of global parameters: mass flow, force, torque, total heat transfer. Chapter 4 presented infinitesimal balances which led to the basic partial dif- ferential equations of fluid flow and some particular solutions. These two chapters cov- ered analytical techniques, which are limited to fairly simple geometries and well- defined boundary conditions. Probably one-third of fluid-flow problems can be attacked in this analytical or theoretical manner. The other two-thirds of all fluid problems are too complex, both geometrically and physically, to be solved analytically. They must be tested by experiment. Their behav- ior is reported as experimental data. Such data are much more useful if they are ex- pressed in compact, economic form. Graphs are especially useful, since tabulated data cannot be absorbed, nor can the trends and rates of change be observed, by most en- gineering eyes. These are the motivations for dimensional analysis. The technique is traditional in fluid mechanics and is useful in all engineering and physical sciences, with notable uses also seen in the biological and social sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Forestry Commission Booklet: Forest Mensuration Handbook
    Forestry Commission ARCHIVE Forest Mensuration Handbook Forestry Commission Booklet 39 KEY TO PROCEDURES (weight) (weight) page 36 page 36 STANDING TIMBER STANDS SINGLE TREES Procedure 7 page 44 SALE INVENTORY PIECE-WORK THINNING Procedure 8 VALUATION PAYMENT CONTROL page 65 Procedure 9 Procedure 10 Procedure 11 page 81 page 108 page 114 N.B. See page 14 for further details Forestry Commission Booklet No. 39 FOREST MENSURATION HANDBOOK by G. J. Hamilton, m sc FORESTRY COMMISSION London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office © Crown copyright 1975 First published 1975 Third impression 1988 ISBN 0 11 710023 4 ODC 5:(021) K eyw ords: Forestry, Mensuration ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The production of the various tables and charts contained in this publication has been very much a team effort by members of the Mensuration Section of the Forestry Commission’s Research & Development Division. J. M. Christie has been largely responsible for initiating and co-ordinating the development and production of the tables and charts. A. C. Miller undertook most of the computer programming required to produce the tables and was responsible for establishing some formheight/top height and tariff number/top height relationships, and for development work in connection with assortment tables and the measurement of stacked timber. R. O. Hendrie prepared the single tree tariff charts and analysed various data concerning timber density, stacked timber, and bark. M. D. Witts established most of the form height/top height and tariff number/top height relationships and investigated bark thickness in the major conifers. Assistance in checking data was given by Miss D. Porchet, Mrs N.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Units Conversions and Fundamental Constants James D
    February 2, 2016 Natural Units Conversions and Fundamental Constants James D. Wells Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics (MCTP) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Abstract: Conversions are listed between basis units of natural units system where ~ = c = 1. Important fundamental constants are given in various equivalent natural units based on GeV, seconds, and meters. Natural units basic conversions Natural units are defined to give ~ = c = 1. All quantities with units then can be written in terms of a single base unit. It is customary in high-energy physics to use the base unit GeV. But it can be helpful to think about the equivalences in terms of other base units, such as seconds, meters and even femtobarns. The conversion factors are based on various combinations of ~ and c (Olive 2014). For example −25 1 = ~ = 6:58211928(15) × 10 GeV s; and (1) 1 = c = 2:99792458 × 108 m s−1: (2) From this we can derive several useful basic conversion factors and 1 = ~c = 0:197327 GeV fm; and (3) 2 11 2 1 = (~c) = 3:89379 × 10 GeV fb (4) where I have not included the error in ~c conversion but if needed can be obtained by consulting the error in ~. Note, the value of c has no error since it serves to define the meter, which is the distance light travels in vacuum in 1=299792458 of a second (Olive 2014). The unit fb is a femtobarn, which is 10−15 barns. A barn is defined to be 1 barn = 10−24 cm2. The prefexes letters, such as p on pb, etc., mean to multiply the unit after it by the appropropriate power: femto (f) 10−15, pico (p) 10−12, nano (n) 10−9, micro (µ) 10−6, milli (m) 10−3, kilo (k) 103, mega (M) 106, giga (G) 109, terra (T) 1012, and peta (P) 1015.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI)
    Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) m kg s cd SI mol K A NIST Special Publication 811 2008 Edition Ambler Thompson and Barry N. Taylor NIST Special Publication 811 2008 Edition Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) Ambler Thompson Technology Services and Barry N. Taylor Physics Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 (Supersedes NIST Special Publication 811, 1995 Edition, April 1995) March 2008 U.S. Department of Commerce Carlos M. Gutierrez, Secretary National Institute of Standards and Technology James M. Turner, Acting Director National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 811, 2008 Edition (Supersedes NIST Special Publication 811, April 1995 Edition) Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 811, 2008 Ed., 85 pages (March 2008; 2nd printing November 2008) CODEN: NSPUE3 Note on 2nd printing: This 2nd printing dated November 2008 of NIST SP811 corrects a number of minor typographical errors present in the 1st printing dated March 2008. Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) Preface The International System of Units, universally abbreviated SI (from the French Le Système International d’Unités), is the modern metric system of measurement. Long the dominant measurement system used in science, the SI is becoming the dominant measurement system used in international commerce. The Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of August 1988 [Public Law (PL) 100-418] changed the name of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and gave to NIST the added task of helping U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • How Are Units of Measurement Related to One Another?
    UNIT 1 Measurement How are Units of Measurement Related to One Another? I often say that when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meager and unsatisfactory kind... Lord Kelvin (1824-1907), developer of the absolute scale of temperature measurement Engage: Is Your Locker Big Enough for Your Lunch and Your Galoshes? A. Construct a list of ten units of measurement. Explain the numeric relationship among any three of the ten units you have listed. Before Studying this Unit After Studying this Unit Unit 1 Page 1 Copyright © 2012 Montana Partners This project was largely funded by an ESEA, Title II Part B Mathematics and Science Partnership grant through the Montana Office of Public Instruction. High School Chemistry: An Inquiry Approach 1. Use the measuring instrument provided to you by your teacher to measure your locker (or other rectangular three-dimensional object, if assigned) in meters. Table 1: Locker Measurements Measurement (in meters) Uncertainty in Measurement (in meters) Width Height Depth (optional) Area of Locker Door or Volume of Locker Show Your Work! Pool class data as instructed by your teacher. Table 2: Class Data Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Width Height Depth Area of Locker Door or Volume of Locker Unit 1 Page 2 Copyright © 2012 Montana Partners This project was largely funded by an ESEA, Title II Part B Mathematics and Science Partnership grant through the Montana Office of Public Instruction.
    [Show full text]
  • Measuring in Metric Units BEFORE Now WHY? You Used Metric Units
    Measuring in Metric Units BEFORE Now WHY? You used metric units. You’ll measure and estimate So you can estimate the mass using metric units. of a bike, as in Ex. 20. Themetric system is a decimal system of measurement. The metric Word Watch system has units for length, mass, and capacity. metric system, p. 80 Length Themeter (m) is the basic unit of length in the metric system. length: meter, millimeter, centimeter, kilometer, Three other metric units of length are themillimeter (mm) , p. 80 centimeter (cm) , andkilometer (km) . mass: gram, milligram, kilogram, p. 81 You can use the following benchmarks to estimate length. capacity: liter, milliliter, kiloliter, p. 82 1 millimeter 1 centimeter 1 meter thickness of width of a large height of the a dime paper clip back of a chair 1 kilometer combined length of 9 football fields EXAMPLE 1 Using Metric Units of Length Estimate the length of the bandage by imagining paper clips laid next to it. Then measure the bandage with a metric ruler to check your estimate. 1 Estimate using paper clips. About 5 large paper clips fit next to the bandage, so it is about 5 centimeters long. ch O at ut! W 2 Measure using a ruler. A typical metric ruler allows you to measure Each centimeter is divided only to the nearest tenth of into tenths, so the bandage cm 12345 a centimeter. is 4.8 centimeters long. 80 Chapter 2 Decimal Operations Mass Mass is the amount of matter that an object has. The gram (g) is the basic metric unit of mass.
    [Show full text]
  • Units of Measurement and Dimensional Analysis
    Measurements and Dimensional Analysis POGIL ACTIVITY.2 Name ________________________________________ POGIL ACTIVITY 2 Units of Measurement and Dimensional Analysis A. Units of Measurement- The SI System and Metric System here are myriad units for measurement. For example, length is reported in miles T or kilometers; mass is measured in pounds or kilograms and volume can be given in gallons or liters. To avoid confusion, scientists have adopted an international system of units commonly known as the SI System. Standard units are called base units. Table A1. SI System (Systéme Internationale d’Unités) Measurement Base Unit Symbol mass gram g length meter m volume liter L temperature Kelvin K time second s energy joule j pressure atmosphere atm 7 Measurements and Dimensional Analysis POGIL. ACTIVITY.2 Name ________________________________________ The metric system combines the powers of ten and the base units from the SI System. Powers of ten are used to derive larger and smaller units, multiples of the base unit. Multiples of the base units are defined by a prefix. When metric units are attached to a number, the letter symbol is used to abbreviate the prefix and the unit. For example, 2.2 kilograms would be reported as 2.2 kg. Plural units, i.e., (kgs) are incorrect. Table A2. Common Metric Units Power Decimal Prefix Name of metric unit (and symbol) Of Ten equivalent (symbol) length volume mass 103 1000 kilo (k) kilometer (km) B kilogram (kg) Base 100 1 meter (m) Liter (L) gram (g) Unit 10-1 0.1 deci (d) A deciliter (dL) D 10-2 0.01 centi (c) centimeter (cm) C E 10-3 0.001 milli (m) millimeter (mm) milliliter (mL) milligram (mg) 10-6 0.000 001 micro () micrometer (m) microliter (L) microgram (g) Critical Thinking Questions CTQ 1 Consult Table A2.
    [Show full text]
  • SI and CGS Units in Electromagnetism
    SI and CGS Units in Electromagnetism Jim Napolitano January 7, 2010 These notes are meant to accompany the course Electromagnetic Theory for the Spring 2010 term at RPI. The course will use CGS units, as does our textbook Classical Electro- dynamics, 2nd Ed. by Hans Ohanian. Up to this point, however, most students have used the International System of Units (SI, also known as MKSA) for mechanics, electricity and magnetism. (I believe it is easy to argue that CGS is more appropriate for teaching elec- tromagnetism to physics students.) These notes are meant to smooth the transition, and to augment the discussion in Appendix 2 of your textbook. The base units1 for mechanics in SI are the meter, kilogram, and second (i.e. \MKS") whereas in CGS they are the centimeter, gram, and second. Conversion between these base units and all the derived units are quite simply given by an appropriate power of 10. For electromagnetism, SI adds a new base unit, the Ampere (\A"). This leads to a world of complications when converting between SI and CGS. Many of these complications are philosophical, but this note does not discuss such issues. For a good, if a bit flippant, on- line discussion see http://info.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Workshop/advice/coils/unit systems/; for a more scholarly article, see \On Electric and Magnetic Units and Dimensions", by R. T. Birge, The American Physics Teacher, 2(1934)41. Electromagnetism: A Preview Electricity and magnetism are not separate phenomena. They are different manifestations of the same phenomenon, called electromagnetism. One requires the application of special relativity to see how electricity and magnetism are united.
    [Show full text]