______8.1 Basic Terms & Conversions in the Metric System ______Basic Units of Measurement: •Meter (m) used to measure length. A little longer than a yard. ______•Kilogram (kg) used to measure mass. A little more than 2 pounds. ______•Liter (l) used to measure volume. A little more than a quart. •Celsius (°C) used to measure temperature. ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 1
The metric system is based on powers of 10 (the decimal system). ______
Prefix Symbol Meaning ______kilo k 1000 x base unit ______hecto h 100 x base unit deka da 10 x base unit ______——— ——— base unit deci d 1/10 x base unit ______centi c 1/100 x base unit milli m 1/1000 x base unit ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 2
______Changing Units within the Metric System 1. To change from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the ______decimal point in the original quantity one place to the for each larger unit of measurement until you obtain the desired unit of measurement. ______2. To change form a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point in the original quantity one place to the ______for each smaller unit of measurement until you obtain the desired unit of measurement. ______
khda—dcm ______(larger) (smaller) ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 3
______Example Convert the given unit to the unit indicated. #42 7 dam = ______m ______#46 1.34 ml = ______l ______#54 24 dm = ______km ______Example Arrange the quantities in order from smallest to largest. ______#60 5.1 dam 0.47 km 590 cm ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 4
______8.2 Length, Area, and Volume Length ______Recall the meter is a little longer than a yard. It is used to measure things that we normally measure in feet or yards. ______A kilometer is about 0.6 mile. It is used to measure things we normally measure in miles. ______A centimeter is a little less than ½ inch.It is about the width of your little finger. A millimeter is about the thickness of a dime. ______These are used to measure things we normally measure in inches. centimeters ______0123 4 5 6 789 10 inches ______0 1 234 ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 5
______Example Indicate the metric unit of measurement that you would use to express the following. ______#26 The length of a jump rope ______#28 The length of a paper clip ______#32 The diameter of a jump rope ______
#36 The distance to the moon ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 6
Area ______Used to measure two dimensional figures. The area of a figure is measured in ______
1 m Area = (1 m)(1 m) = 1 m2 ______1 m ______Square centimeters are used where we normally use square inches. Square meters replace square feet or square yards. ______To measure large land areas, the metric system uses a square unit 100 meters on each side (a hectare). A hectare is about 2.5 acres. ______Very large areas are measured in square kilometers. ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 7
______Example Indicate the metric unit of measurement that you would use to express the following. ______#62 The floor of your classroom ______#66 Washington, D.C. ______A piece of notebook paper ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 8
______Volume Used to measure three dimensional figures. The volume of a figure ______is measured in ______1 m 3 Volume = (1 m)(1 m)(1 m) = 1 m ______1 m 1 m ______Cubic meters are generally used to express the volume of large amounts of solid material. ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 9
______The volume of liquids is generally expressed in liters. A liter is a little larger than a quart. Liters are used in place of pints, quarts, and gallons. ______Milliliters are used to express the volume of very small amounts of liquid. Kiloliters are used to express very large amounts of liquid. ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 10
______A liter is defined as the volume of a cubic decimeter. 1 liter = (1 dm)(1 dm)(1 dm) ______Recall 1 dm = 10 cm, so 1 dm 1 liter = (10 cm)(10 cm)(10 cm) ______1 dm = 1000 cm3 [cm3 is sometimes 1 dm ______abbreviated cc] ______Also, since 1 l = 1000 ml, we have 1000 ml = 1000 cm3 ______
3 or 1ml = 1 cm ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 11
In summary, ______Volume in Volume in cubic units liters ______1 cm3 = 1 ml 1 dm3 = 1 l ______1 m3 = 1 kl ______Example Indicate the metric unit of measurement that you would use to express the following. ______#84 Water in a hot-water heater ______#86 Air in a basketball ______#90 Asphalt needed to pave a driveway
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 12
______Example #112 A rectangular fish tank is 70 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 20 cm high. ______(a) How many cubic centimeters of water will the tank hold? (b) How many milliliters of water will the tank hold? ______(c) How many liters of water will the tank hold? ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 13
______8.3 Mass and Temperature Mass ______Weight is a measure of the earth's gravitational pull. is the measure of the amount of matter (atoms and molecules) that ______objects are made of. In space, the mass of an object does not change, but its weight does. On earth the mass of an object is ______proportional to the weight of the object. For this course we can treat weight and mass as the same thing. ______The kilogram is the basic unit of mass. It is a little more than 2 pounds. It is used to measure things we normally measure in pounds. ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 14
The gram is used to measure things we normally measure in ______ounces. A large paper clip has the mass of about 1 g. ______The milligram is used to measure extremely small quantities. It is used primarily in medical and scientific fields. ______The metric tonne (t) is used to express the mass of heavy items. It is a little more than a ton (2000 pounds). ______Example Indicate the metric unit of measurement that you would use to express the following. ______#12 A box of cereal #14 A Cadillac ______
#16 A mosquito ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 15
______In the metric system we have the following relationships:
Volume in Volume Mass of ______cubic units in liters water 1 cm3 = 1 ml = 1 g ______3 1 1 dm = l = 1 kg ______1 m3 = 1 kl = 1 t (1000kg) ______These relationships allow conversions between mass and volume. Try to convert your weight, in pounds, to gallons! ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 16
Temperature ______Celsius (°C) used to measure temperature. ______212°F = 100°C (water boils) ______98.6°F = 37 °C (body temp.) ______32°F = 0°C (water freezes) ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 17
______To convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit we use the following formulas: ______Celsius to Fahrenheit: ______Fahrenheit to Celsius: ______Example Convert each temperature as indicated. ______#38 -5°C = ______°F #46 75°F = ______°C ______
ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 18
______8.4 Dimensional Analysis Dimensional Analysis is a procedure that allows us to convert ______from one unit of measurement to a different unit of measurement. For example, if it takes you 5 minutes to run a race, we can ______determine how many seconds it takes: 60 sec ______5min×= 300sec 1min ______
is any fraction in which ______numerator and denominator contain different units and the value of the fraction is 1. ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 19
Dimensional analysis can be used to convert between our customary ______measurement system and the metric system. ______Conversion Factors: p. 419 Table 8.7 ______Example Convert the quantity to the indicated units. #10 9 lb to kilograms ______#14 160 kg to pounds ______Some conversions may require more than one unit fraction. ______Example How many seconds are in one year? ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 20
______Example The distance between Montreal, Canada and Toronto, Canada is 503 km. What is the distance in feet? ______Example #46 Yosemite National Park has an area of 1189 mi2. What is its area in square ______kilometers? ______ch. 8 Angel & Porter (6th ed.) 21