Isak Lidström På Skidor I Kulturella Gränsland Malmö Universitet 2021

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Isak Lidström På Skidor I Kulturella Gränsland Malmö Universitet 2021 GRÄNSLAND Samiska spår i skidsportens historia PÅ SKIDOR I KULTURELLA PÅ SKIDOR I KULTURELLA ISAK LIDSTRÖM ISAK LIDSTRÖM DOCTORAL DISSERTATION, MALMÖ STUDIES IN SPORT SCIENCES VOL. 39 ISAK LIDSTRÖM PÅ SKIDOR I KULTURELLA GRÄNSLAND MALMÖ UNIVERSITET 2021 PÅ SKIDOR I KULTUREL LA GRÄNSLAND Malmö Studies in Sport Sciences Vol. 39 © Copyright Isak Lidström, 2021 Omslagsbild: Lena Kuoljok Lind ISBN 978-91-7877-194-3 (tryck) ISBN 978-91-7877-195-0 (pdf) ISSN 1652-3180 DOI 10.24834/isbn.9789178771950 Tryck: Holmbergs, Malmö 2021 ISAK LIDSTRÖM PÅ SKIDOR I KULTURELLA GRÄNSLAND Samiska spår i skidsportens historia Malmö universitet, 2021 Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle Idrottsvetenskap Publikationen finns även tillgänglig elektroniskt, se mau.diva-portal.org Till kusin Vivi och min faster i Liljeholmen ČOAHKKÁIGEASU Čuoigga kultuvrralaš rádjaguovllus. Sámi luottat čuoigangilvvuid historjjás Dán čoahkkáigeasu ulbmil lea guorahallat čuoigan- ja čierastanvalá- štallamiid sámi historjjá Ruoŧas, organisašuvnna- ja kulturhistorjjálaš oaidninsajis, mas doahpagiin nugo našuvdna ja čearddalašvuohta lea dehálaš doaibma/mearkkašupmi. Dutkosis leat guhtta sierra artihkkala ja dutkama guorahallanáigodat lea 1879 gitta 1990. Artihkkaliin guorahal- lojuvvo sabehiid mearkkašupmi gilvoávnnasin, mo historjjálaččat leat dasa laktásan kultuvrralaš mearkkat, maid čuoigi olmmoš ja berošteaddji álbmot lea ásahan daidda. Dát kultuvrralaš mearkkat leat maiddái šaddan oktasaš dovdomearkan joavkkuide, mat ovdal leat sirren daid. Main historjjálaččat leat čanastagat gonagasaide, polarmátkkiide ja sáŋgár- muitalusaide, leat ovdamearkkat dasa ahte čuoigamiidda laktásit Ruoŧŧelaš našuvnnalaš identitehta. Go dan sámi duogáža váldá ovdán, de dán dutkamis adnojuvvojit čuoigamat dušše kultuvrralaš máŋggabealat dáhpáhussan. Golmma dutkanartihkkalis guorahallojuvvo Ruoŧa čuoigangilvvuid sámi historjá. Dán dutkamis čalmmustahttojuvvo mo ”sámevuohta” ja ”ruoŧŧelašvuohta” adnojuvvojit kultuvrralaš identitehtan dahje dovddal- dahkan, ja mat leat vuođđuduvvon čuoigan- ja čierastangilvvuid álgui ja ovdáneapmái 1800-logu loahpas gitta sođiid gaskii (artihkal IV ja V) ja maiddái čierasteaddji Bengt-Erik Grahn valáštallamiid ektui 1960-lo- gus (artihkal V). Dutkamiin boahtá ovdan ahte Ruoŧas atne álggus čuoi- gamiid sámi valáštallansuorgin. Muhto 1900-logu álggus dáhpáhuvai čearddalaš earuheapmi gaskal sámi ja ruoŧa čuoigangilvvuid, mii dađis- taga dagahii ahte dan sámi čanastagat jávke. Ja čuoigamat šadde baicce eahpealmmolaš Ruoŧa našuvnnalašgilvun. Golmma eará artihkkaliin guo- rahallojuvvo sámi valáštallanlihkadus, sierranas organisašuvdnan, dan rájes go dat ásahuvvui 1948 ja gitta 1990 (artihkal III, IV och VI). Dán lihkadusa álgu leat Sámi meašttirgilvvuid dálvedoalut, main álggus ledje čuoigangilvvut ja eará gilvvut main lei boazodoallu gullevašvuohta. 7 Artihkkaliin boahtá ovdan ahte čuoigamiin leamaš mearkkašupmi sámi ja ruoŧa čearddalašvuođa earuheapmái (artihkal I–V). Ruoŧa ja sámi kultuvrralaš dovddaldagat čuoigama oktavuođas leat ovttastuvvan. Ja dainna lágiin ráhkaduvvo identitehta mii ii leat čatnasan čerdii. (arti- hkal IV–V). Dasa lassin leat čuoigangilvvut maid sámi valáštallanlihka- dus lea lágidan sierra, mearkkašan ollu nannemii Sápmi riikkaidgaskasaš našuvdnan (artihkal VI). Go čuoigan- ja čierastanvaláštallamiid atná máŋggabealat kultuvrralaš dáhpáhussan, de problematiserejuvvo Ruoŧa valáštallanhistorjjá monokultuvrralaš govva, dat ahte Ruoŧŧa lea sierra ri- ika, mas lea oktasaš valáštallanlihkadus ja man valáštallansáŋgárat ovddastit ruoŧa našuvnnalaš identitehta. Ruoŧa čuoigan- ja čierastan- valáštallan leamaš čadnon sihke ruoŧa ja sámi valáštallanlihkadussii ja leat hábmen sihke ruoŧa ja sámi sáŋgármuitalusaid ja identitehta. Go sámi valáštallan lea organiserejuvvon riikkarájáid badjel, ja čearddalaččat, de sierra sámi valáštallanlihkadus hástala šihttojuvvon njuolggadusaid mo organiserejuvvon valáštallan galgá dáhpáhuvvat Ruoŧas. Dát guhkes dut- kanáigodat dagaha ahte lea vejolaš geahčadit Ruoŧa ja Sámi čuoigan- ja čierastanvaláštallanhistorjjá sihke bálddalas ja muhtumin oktasaš lihka- dussan. Översättning av abstract: Jonny Skoglund 8 AVHANDLINGENS DELSTUDIER Avhandlingen baseras på följande delstudier, som här publiceras med benäget tillstånd från utgivarna: Delstudie I Isak Lidström, ”Pionjärerna vid Stallmästaregården. Om skidsportens uppkomst i Sverige”, Rig. Kulturhistorisk tidskrift 2021, nr 2. Delstudie II Isak Lidström, ”Bland ’rationella asketer’ och ’ädla vildar’. Etniska rela- tioner inom svensk längdskidsport från sekelskifte till mellankrigstid”, Historisk tidskrift 2017, nr 4. Delstudie III Isak Lidström, ”’Gud behöver idrottsungdomen.’ Lennart Wallmark och den samiska idrotten”, Personhistorisk tidskrift 2017, nr 1. Delstudie IV Isak Lidström, ”Same-Mästerskapens uppkomst. Om idrott, inkludering och exkludering utifrån stats- och etnicitetsgränser, 1948–1959”, Idrott, historia & samhälle 2017. Delstudie V Isak Lidström, ”Den egensinnige från Kittelfjäll. En biografisk studie om utförsåkaren Bengt-Erik Grahn”, Scandia. Tidskrift för historisk forsk- ning 2021, nr 1. Delstudie VI Isak Lidström, ”The development of Sámi sport, 1970–1990. A concern for Sweden or for Sápmi?”, The international journal of the history of sport 2019, nr 11. 9 INNEHÅLL ČOAHKKÁIGEASU .......................................................7 Čuoigga kultuvrralaš rádjaguovllus. Sámi luottat čuoigangilvvuid historjjás ..................................................... 7 AVHANDLINGENS DELSTUDIER .................................9 Delstudie I ............................................................................ 9 Delstudie II ........................................................................... 9 Delstudie III .......................................................................... 9 Delstudie IV ......................................................................... 9 Delstudie V .......................................................................... 9 Delstudie VI ......................................................................... 9 INNEHÅLL ................................................................. 11 FÖRORD ................................................................... 15 INLEDNING ............................................................... 19 Bakgrund ........................................................................... 19 Syfte och frågeställningar .................................................. 26 Urval och avgränsningar .................................................... 29 Fortsatt disposition ............................................................ 30 SAMMANFATTNING AV DELSTUDIER ....................... 31 Delstudie I .......................................................................... 31 Delstudie II ......................................................................... 32 Delstudie III ........................................................................ 34 Delstudie IV ....................................................................... 35 Delstudie V ........................................................................ 37 Delstudie VI ....................................................................... 38 TEORETISKA UTGÅNGSPUNKTER ........................... 41 Sport och idrott .................................................................. 44 Identitet och etnicitet .......................................................... 47 Nation ................................................................................ 52 Idrott och kulturella identiteter ........................................... 55 TIDIGARE FORSKNING ............................................. 59 Urfolkshistoriska idrottsstudier .......................................... 60 Forskning om samiskt idrottsliv ......................................... 66 METOD OCH MATERIAL ........................................... 77 Källor och tillvägagångssätt .............................................. 77 Forskarens roll och etiska överväganden ......................... 82 AVSLUTANDE DISKUSSION ...................................... 87 ENGLISH SUMMARY ................................................. 95 Skiing in cultural borderlands. Studies on the Sámi history of ski sport in Sweden ....................................................... 95 LITTERATUR ............................................................. 99 ARTIKELSAMLING .................................................. 113 13 14 FÖRORD En avhandling är inte bara innehåll. En avhandling är också form. Vad innehållet beträffar hade jag saken ganska klar för mig när jag från mitt inackorderingsrum i Lund cyklade till Malmö och inledde mina dok- torandstudier i början av september 2015. I fråga om form har jag emel- lertid vacklat. Från min tidigare utbildning bar jag med mig den ännu förhärskande normen om att vetenskapliga betraktelser om förfluten tid redovisas i form av monografier, inte genom tunna artiklar. Följaktligen har flera ryckt ut till den tjocka bokens försvar. Så skrev till exempel ”Tosse” (fin- gerat namn), professor i idrottsvetenskap och en ledstjärna under mitt ar- bete, följande i september 2017: ”För helvete Isak, jag har hört om dina tvivel, men som historiker, humanist och vettig människa: skriv en mo- nografi!!!!” Föreliggande studie är nu i vart fall ingen monografi utan en så kallad sammanläggning bestående av sex separat publicerade artiklar samt en introducerande text, kappan. Det kan tyckas lite omständligt att som doktorand
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