DOCSLIB.ORG

Bgjournalvolume 1 • Number 1 • July 2004

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Journal of Botanic Gardens Conservation International BGjournalVolume 1 • Number 1 • July 2004 Report of the Second World Botanic Gardens Congress in Barcelona Developing Targets for the International Agenda How to join Botanic Gardens Conservation International The mission of BGCI is to build a Institutions can join BGCI for the following benefits: world network for plant conservation. • Membership of the worldwide plant conservation network It was founded in 1987 and now • Botanic Garden Management Resource Pack (upon joining)* includes over 525 member • Regular publications: institutions in 115 countries, working - the regular newsletter, Cuttings together to implement the - BGjournal – an international journal for botanic gardens (2 per year) International Agenda for Botanic - Roots - environmental education review (2 per year) Gardens in Conservation and the - A wide range of new publications new Global Strategy for Plant • Invitations to BGCI congresses and discounts on registration fees Conservation. • BGCI technical support and advisory services Institution Membership £ Stlg US $ £ Euros A BGCI Patron Institution 5000 7500 7500 B Institution member (budget more than US$2,250,000) 600 940 940 C Institution member (budget US$ 1,500,000 - 2,250,000) 440 660 660 D Institution member (budget US$ 750,000 - 1,500,000) 300 440 440 E Institution member (budget US$ 100,000 - 750,000) 160 220 220 F Institution member (budget below US$100,000)* 75 110 110 *Generally applies to institutions in less developed countries Other Membership Categories: • Regular publications: - the regular newsletter, Cuttings Membership benefits depend on - BGjournal - an international journal for botanic gardens (2 per year) category - see below. These can - Roots - Environmental Education Review (2 per year) include: • Invitations to BGCI congress and discounts on registration fees Corporate Membership £ Stlg US $ £ Euros G Corporate Gold Member (BGjournal, Roots and Cuttings plus more) 5000 7500 7500 H Corporate Silver Member (BGjournal, Roots and Cuttings plus more) 1000 1500 1500 Individual Membership £ Stlg US $ £ Euros J Conservation donor (BGjournal, Roots and Cuttings plus more) 160 220 220 K Associate member (Cuttings and BGjournal) 355050 L Associate member (Cuttings and Roots) 355050 M Friend (Cuttings) available through online subscription only (www.bgci.org) 10 15 15 *Contents of the Botanic Garden Management Resource Pack: The Darwin Technical Manual for Botanic Gardens, A Handbook for Botanic Gardens on the Reintroduction of Plants to the Wild, A CITES Manual for botanic gardens, BGjournal - an international journal for botanic gardens (2 past issues), Roots - environmental education review (2 past issues), The International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation, Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, Environmental Education in Botanic Gardens, BG-Recorder (a computer software package for plant records). Payment may be made by cheque payable to Botanic Gardens Conservation International,or online at www.bgci.org or by VISA/Mastercard sent to BGCI, Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, U.K or Fax: +44 (0) 20 8332 5956. ❑ I wish to apply for membership of Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Name . Telephone . Address . Fax . E-mail . Internet site . Membership category . Annual rate . VISA/Mastercard number . Credit card expiry date . Signature . Print name . ❑ I would like to make a donation to BGCI. Amount . Please clearly state your name (or the name of your institution) on all documentation. Please contact [email protected] for further information. Contents 02 Editorial Editors: Etelka Leadlay and Peter Wyse Jackson 03 Forthcoming Meetings Cover Photo: Serapias Lingua (Photo: Timothy Walker) 04 Developing international targets for botanic gardens in Design: John Morgan, Seascape E-mail: [email protected] conservation Submissions for the next issue should reach the editor before 31st October, 2004. We would be very grateful 07 Report of the 2nd World Botanic Gardens Congress, for text on diskette or via e-mail, as well as a hard copy. Please send photographs as original slides or prints Barcelona, Spain unless scanned to a very high resolution (300 pixels/inch and 100mm in width); digital images need to be of a high resolution for printing. If you would like The Millennium Seed Bank Project International Programme further information, please request Notes for authors. 15 BGjournal is produced by Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI). It is published twice a year and is 17 Conserving Grevillea williamsonii: the importance of sent to all BGCI members. Membership is open to all taxonomic research for appropriate conservation action interested individuals, institutions and organisations that support the aims of BGCI (see inside back cover for membership application form). 20 Role of St Petersburg Botanic Garden in the establishment Further details available from: • Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Descanso of the Lower Choper Nature Park House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3BW UK. Tel: +44 (0)20 8332 5953, Fax: +44 (0)20 8332 5956 E-mail: [email protected], www.bgci.org 22 Ornamental Grasses in Argentina: introduction and • BGCI-Russia, c/o Main Botanical Gardens, Botanicheskaya st., 4, Moscow 127276, Russia. cultivation of native and exotic species Tel: +7 (095) 219 6160 / 5377, Fax: +7 (095) 218 0525, E-mail: [email protected], www.bgci.ru • BGCI (U.S.) Inc., c/o Judith Zuk, Secretary/Treasurer, 24 International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation; 1000 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11225-1099, U.S.A. Tel: +1 718 623 7200, new registrants Fax: +1 718 857 2430, www.bgci.org/us • BGCI-Netherlands, c/o Utrecht University Botanic Gardens, P.O. Box 80162, NL-3508 TD, Netherlands. Gardens Online - The BGCI worldwide botanic gardens Tel: +31 30 253 2876, Fax: +31 30 253 5177, 26 E-mail: [email protected], database and a new international database of plant collections www.bi.uu.nl/botgard • BGCI-Canarias, c/o Jardín Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo, Apartado de Correos 14, Tafira Alta 35017, Short Communications Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain. 29 Tel: +34 928 21 95 80/82/83, Fax: +34 928 21 95 81, E-mail: [email protected] • BGCI-China and South East Asia, c/o National Parks 31 Book Notices Board, Cluny Road, Singapore 259569. Email: [email protected], www.bgci.org/china • BGCI-Colombia , c/o Jardín Botánico de Bogotá, Registration Form International Agenda for Botanic Gardens Jose Celestino Mutis, Av. No. 61-13 – A.A. 59887, Santa 32 Fe de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. Tel: +57 630 0949, in Conservation Fax: +57 630 5075, E-mail: [email protected], www.humboldt.org.co/jardinesdecolombia/ html/la_red.htm Publications List • BGCI-Deutschland, c/o Botanische Gärten der Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 171, 53115 Bonn, Germany. Tel: +49 2 2873 9055, Fax: +49 2 28731690, E-mail: [email protected] BGCI is a worldwide membership organization established in 1987. Its mission is to build a global network for plant 07 07 conservation. BGCI is an independent organization registered in the United Kingdom as a charity (Charity Reg No 1098834) and a company limited by guarantee, No 4673175. BGCI is a tax-exempt (501(c)(3) non-profit organization in the USA and in Russia. Opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the Boards or staff of BGCI or of its members BGjournal replaces BGCNews and will be published twice a year. BGjournal has been given a new name as the news section of BGCNews and Roots (Botanic 15 Gardens Conservation International Education Review) is now contained in Cuttings which is published quarterly. There have been 31 issues of BGCNews published twice yearly from 1987-2003. 20 22 BGjournal • Vol 1 (1) 01 Editorial Table 1 Feature articles included in BGCI’s magazine, Botanic Gardens Conservation News (December 1987 to December 2003). Europe (East and West) 57 Global botanic garden issues and policies 40 Latin America and the Caribbean 39 Africa and Indian Ocean 36 East and South East Asia 34 North America 33 Botanic Garden Conference reports 31 South Asia 29 It is a pleasure for me to write an Botanic garden techniques and practices 25 editorial for this the first issue of Russia, Ukraine and other countries of former Soviet Union 24 BGCI’s new publication, BGjournal. Australasia 23 It is now seventeen years since BGCI’s South West Asia and the Middle East 9 first serial publication Botanic Gardens Conservation News was launched, Total 380 which has appeared without fail twice a year since then. Remarkably the format of BGCNews was changed little over the seventeen years, partly Over the last few months BGCI has We believe that it is important to because it has mainly retained the made considerable efforts to ensure maintain standards in these articles and same editors but also because it was that these articles are newly accessible will continue to follow the rigorous developed into a format that readers and available to users. Copies of most editorial policy that we have pursued came to know and expect. It included have now been posted on the BGCI over the last decades to ensure that all a list of forthcoming meetings, website (www.bgci.org) and later in the articles published meet necessary obituaries (thankfully not too many!), year these will be made easily standards. Up to now the articles have news from the botanic garden accessible by means of an easy-to-use not been formally peer-reviewed (other community and from BGCI itself, book search facility. than by the BGCI editorial team and a reviews and announcements and a range of ad hoc BGCI advisors who series of longer feature articles about However with the launch of BGCI’s have helped us over the years). botanic gardens, their projects and new quarterly newsletter, Cuttings, in However we would be interested to reports of important conferences and 2004 we felt that the time had come to have your views as to whether you other major developments in the review the format of BGCNews and its would wish a peer-review system to be botanic garden scene worldwide.
Recommended publications

  • Presencia Y Distribución De Micofdlas En Gramíneas De Argentina

    PRESENCIA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DE MICOFDLAS EN GRAMÍNEAS DE ARGENTINA por MÓNICA A. LUGO*, ANA M. ANTÓN* & DANIEL CABRAL** Resumen LUGO, M.A., A.M. ANTÓN & D. CABRAL (1998). Presencia y distribución de micofilas en gra­ míneas de Argentina. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 56(1): 15-22. Se realiza un estudio de las micofilas encontradas en gramíneas (Poaceae) de pastizales natu­ rales de Argentina. La búsqueda del simbionte fúngico se efectuó en plantas vivas y herbori­ zadas. Se dan a conocer como nuevos hospedantes a Festucafiebrigii Pilg., F. hieronymi Hack, var. expansa (St. Yves) Türpe, F. parodii St. Yves, Melica macra Nees, M. stuckertii Hack., Poa hieronymi Hack., P. holciformis J. Presl, P. lilloi Hack., P. plicata Hack, y P. stuckertii (Hack.) Parodi, y se amplía el área de distribución de la asociación para Festuca arundinacea Schreb., F. hieronymi Hack. var. hieronymi y F. tucumanica E.B. Alexeev. El tipo de interac­ ción observada corresponde a una simbiosis mutualista. En la mayoría de las especies analiza­ das el endófito colonizó el parenquima de las cañas y los frutos, salvo en Melica macra. Poa hieronymi y P. plicata, en las que solo se observó en el parenquima. Por otro lado, la presen­ cia de micofilas presentó variaciones con relación a la especie del hospedante, altitud y locali­ dad de procedencia. Palabras clave: Endófito fúngico, gramíneas, micofilas, pastizales naturales, Argentina. Abstract LUGO, M.A., A.M. ANTÓN & D. CABRAL (1998). Presence and distribution of mycophyllas in Argentinian grasses. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 56(1): 15-22 (in Spanish). The mycophyllas were studied in grasses (Poaceae) from natural Argentinian grasslands.
  • United States Department of Agriculture

    United States Department of Agriculture

    UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE INVENTORY No. 79 Washington, D. C. T Issued March, 1927 SEEDS AND PLANTS IMPORTED BY THE OFFICE OF FOREIGN PLANT INTRO- DUCTION, BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY, DURING THE PERIOD FROM APRIL 1 TO JUNE 30,1924 (S. P. I. NOS. 58931 TO 60956) CONTENTS Page Introductory statement 1 Inventory 3 Index of common and scientific names _ 74 INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT During the period covered by this, the seventy-ninth, Inventory of Seeds and Plants Imported, the actual number of introductions was much greater than for any similar period in the past. This was due largely to the fact that there were four agricultural exploring expeditions in the field in the latter part of 1923 and early in 1924, and the combined efforts of these in obtaining plant material were unusually successful. Working as a collaborator of this office, under the direction of the National Geographic Society of Washington, D. C, Joseph L. Rock continued to carry on botanical explorations in the Province of Yunnan, southwestern China, from which region he has sent so much of interest during the preceding few years. The collections made by Mr. Rock, which arrived in Washington in the spring of 1924, were generally similar to those made previously in the same region, except that a remarkable series of rhododendrons, numbering nearly 500 different species, many as yet unidentified, was included. Many of these rhododendrons, as well as the primroses, delphiniums, gentians, and barberries obtained by Mr. Rock, promise to be valuable ornamentals for parts of the United States with climatic conditions generally similar to those of Yunnan.
  • Annual Report 2008 for the Yilgarn District Threatened Flora And

    Annual Report 2008 for the Yilgarn District Threatened Flora And

    1 YILGARN DISTRICT THREATENED FLORA AND COMMUNITIES MANAGEMENT PROGRAM Annual Report 2008 For the Yilgarn District Threatened Flora and Communities Recovery Team Ben Lullfitz Conservation Officer (Flora) Daviesia microcarpa seedling (Photo: Hayden Cannon) Property and copyright of this document is vested jointly in the Director, Threatened Species and Communities Section, Environment Australia and the Executive Director, Western Australia Department of Environment and Conservation The Commonwealth disclaims responsibility for the views expressed Department of Environment and Conservation PO Box 332 Merredin WA 6415 Yilgarn District Threatened Flora and Communities Management Program 2008 Annual Report 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SUMMARY OF KEY RECOVERY ACTIONS COMPLETED IN 2008 3 2. THREATENED FLORA AND COMMUNITIES RECOVERY TEAM 4 2.1. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 4 2.2. MEMBERS 4 2.3. RECOVERY TEAM MEETING 5 3. FUNDING 6 4. SPECIES AND COMMUNITIES BRANCH – INTERIM RECOVERY PLANS 6 4.1. IRPs OUTSTANDING 6 5. YILGARN DISTRICT THREATENED FLORA MANAGEMENT PROGRAM 6 5.1. YILGARN DISTRICT THREATENED FLORA SCHEDULE 6 6. IMPLIMENTATION OF RECOVERY ACTIONS 7 6.1. CRITICALLY ENDANGERED 7 6.2. ENDNGERED 8 6.3. VULNERABLE 8 6.4. PRIORITY ONE 9 6.5. PRIORITY TWO 9 6.6. PRIORITY THREE 9 6.7. PRIORITY FOUR 10 7. TRANSLOCATIONS 10 8. INDUCED RECRUITMENT BURNS 10 9. APPLICATIONS TO TAKE RARE FLORA 11 10. EDUCATION AND PUBLICITY 11 11. DISTRICT THREATENED FLORA HERBARIUM 11 12. PRIORITY ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES 11 13. CONCLUSION 12 APPENDIX 1: YILGARN DISTRICT THREATENED FLORA LIST 2008 13 Yilgarn District Threatened Flora and Communities Management Program 2008 Annual Report 3 1. SUMMARY OF KEY RECOVERY ACTIONS COMPLETED IN 2008 • Flora survey works in 2008 resulted in the discovery of 11 new populations of declared rare and priority flora in the Yilgarn district (2 endangered, 4 vulnerable and 5 priority species).
  • The Genera of Bambusoideae (Gramineae) in the Southeastern United States Gordon C

    The Genera of Bambusoideae (Gramineae) in the Southeastern United States Gordon C

    Eastern Illinois University The Keep Faculty Research & Creative Activity Biological Sciences January 1988 The genera of Bambusoideae (Gramineae) in the southeastern United States Gordon C. Tucker Eastern Illinois University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/bio_fac Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Tucker, Gordon C., "The eg nera of Bambusoideae (Gramineae) in the southeastern United States" (1988). Faculty Research & Creative Activity. 181. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/bio_fac/181 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Research & Creative Activity by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TUCKER, BAMBUSOIDEAE 239 THE GENERA OF BAMBUSOIDEAE (GRAMINEAE) IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATESu GoRDON C. T ucKER3 Subfamily BAMBUSOIDEAE Ascherson & Graebner, Synop. Mitteleurop. Fl. 2: 769. 1902. Perennial or annual herbs or woody plants of tropical or temperate forests and wetlands. Rhizomes present or lacking. Stems erect or decumbent (some­ times rooting at the lower nodes); nodes glabrous, pubescent, or puberulent. Leaves several to many, glabrous to sparsely pubescent (microhairs bicellular); leaf sheaths about as long as the blades, open for over tf2 their length, glabrous; ligules wider than long, entire or fimbriate; blades petiolate or sessile, elliptic to linear, acute to acuminate, the primary veins parallel to-or forming an angle of 5-10• wi th-the midvein, transverse veinlets numerous, usually con­ spicuous, giving leaf surface a tessellate appearance; chlorenchyma not radiate (i.e., non-kranz; photosynthetic pathway C.,).
  • Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape

    Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape

    Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape Ornamental grasses with their variety of form, may seem similar, grasses vary greatly, ranging from cool color, texture, and size add diversity and dimension to season to warm season grasses, from woody to herbaceous, a landscape. Not many other groups of plants can boast and from annuals to long-lived perennials. attractiveness during practically all seasons. The only time This variation has resulted in five recognized they could be considered not to contribute to the beauty of subfamilies within Poaceae. They are Arundinoideae, the landscape is the few weeks in the early spring between a unique mix of woody and herbaceous grass species; cutting back the old growth of the warm-season grasses Bambusoideae, the bamboos; Chloridoideae, warm- until the sprouting of new growth. From their emergence season herbaceous grasses; Panicoideae, also warm-season in the spring through winter, warm-season ornamental herbaceous grasses; and Pooideae, a cool-season subfamily. grasses add drama, grace, and motion to the landscape Their habitats also vary. Grasses are found across the unlike any other plants. globe, including in Antarctica. They have a strong presence One of the unique and desirable contributions in prairies, like those in the Great Plains, and savannas, like ornamental grasses make to the landscape is their sound. those in southern Africa. It is important to recognize these Anyone who has ever been in a pine forest on a windy day natural characteristics when using grasses for ornament, is aware of the ethereal music of wind against pine foliage. since they determine adaptability and management within The effect varies with the strength of the wind and the a landscape or region, as well as invasive potential.
  • Ii \ T MEXICAN GRASSES in the UNITED STATES NATIONAL

    Ii \ T MEXICAN GRASSES in the UNITED STATES NATIONAL

    ■ . ~+j-,r?7-w- - i i - . \ t MEXICAN GRASSES IN THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM. By A. S, Hitchcock INTRODUCTION. The following list of grasses, based entirely upon specimens in the United States National Herbarium, is a preliminary paper, in which the scattered data upon Mexican grasses have been brought together and arranged in a convenient form. The species included have been accepted, for the most part, in their traditional sense. It has been impracticable to examine the types of many of the earlier described species since these specimens are located in European herbaria. For this reason the synonymy has been confined mostly to those names that could be fixed by an examination of American types, or concerning the application of which there was little doubt. The largest number of unidentified names are found in Fournier's work on Mexican grasses.1 This results from the incomplete or unsatis- factory descriptions and from the fact that the specimens cited under a given species either may not agree with the diagnosis, or may belong to two or more species, at least in different herbaria. An examination of the original specimens will undoubtedly lead to the identification of the greater part of these names. There are several specimens that have been omitted from the list because they have not been identified and are apparently unde- scribed species. They belong to genera, however, that are much in need of critical revision and further study of them is deferred for the present. In subsequent articles it is hoped to work out the classifi- cation of the tropical American grasses upon a type basis KEY TO THE GENEBA.
  • Poaceae) De México Species Richness, Classification and a Checklist of the Grasses (Poaceae) of Mexico

    Poaceae) De México Species Richness, Classification and a Checklist of the Grasses (Poaceae) of Mexico

    Artículo de investigación Riqueza de especies, clasificación y listado de las gramíneas (Poaceae) de México Species richness, classification and a checklist of the grasses (Poaceae) of Mexico J. Gabriel Sánchez-Ken Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: En 2006 se dio a conocer el catálogo de las gramíneas de México, pero desde entonces tanto la clasificación como la apa- rición de especies nuevas cambiaron las cifras de esta familia en México y en el mundo. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue actualizar la lista de taxa en México, reuniendo el mayor número posible de bases de datos en línea. Otros objetivos incluyeron la comparación de la riqueza de especies de la familia Poaceae entre los países con mayor diversidad, así como analizar la riqueza de sus taxa a nivel estatal y por categorías taxonómicas. Métodos: Se consultaron bases de datos en línea, tanto nacionales como extranjeras, que incluían ejemplares de referencia de México, se descarga- ron y se curaron, además de una confirmación visual de la identidad de un gran porcentaje de ejemplares. Se extrajeron los nombres de las especies, estados donde fueron colectadas y los acrónimos de los herbarios. La base resultante se complementó solo con bibliografía a partir de 2006 y la no incluida en el catálogo que mostraba ejemplares de respaldo. Resultados clave: Se revisaron 227,973 registros que contabilizaron, en total, 1416 taxa, que incluyen 215 géneros, 1312 especies y 214 categorías infraespecíficas. Del total de especies, 1092 se consideran nativas y 224 introducidas (cultivadas y/o malezas). Las especies endémicas de México son 304 (27.83%) o 311 (28.10%) si se consideran categorías inferiores.
  • Differentiation of Archaeological Maize (Zea Mays L.) from Native Wild Grasses Based on Starch Grain Morphology

    Differentiation of Archaeological Maize (Zea Mays L.) from Native Wild Grasses Based on Starch Grain Morphology

    Accepted Manuscript Differentiation of archaeological Maize (Zea mays L.) from native wild grasses based on starch grain morphology. Cases from the Central Pampas of Argentina María Gabriela Musaubach, Anabela Plos, María Del Pilar Babot PII: S0305-4403(12)00428-1 DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2012.09.026 Reference: YJASC 3440 To appear in: Journal of Archaeological Science Received Date: 26 May 2012 Revised Date: 19 September 2012 Accepted Date: 20 September 2012 Please cite this article as: Musaubach, M.G., Plos, A., Del Pilar Babot, M., Differentiation of archaeological Maize (Zea mays L.) from native wild grasses based on starch grain morphology. Cases from the Central Pampas of Argentina, Journal of Archaeological Science (2012), doi: 10.1016/ j.jas.2012.09.026. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Differentiation of archaeological Maize (Zea mays L.) from native wild grasses based on starch grain morphology. Cases from the Central Pampas of Argentina MARÍA GABRIELA MUSAUBACHa,*, ANABELA PLOSb, MARÍA DEL PILAR BABOT c. a Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Museo Etnográfico J. B. Ambrosetti. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Moreno 350, (1091).
  • Large Trees, Supertrees and the Grass Phylogeny

    Large Trees, Supertrees and the Grass Phylogeny

    LARGE TREES, SUPERTREES AND THE GRASS PHYLOGENY Thesis submitted to the University of Dublin, Trinity College for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) by Nicolas Salamin Department of Botany University of Dublin, Trinity College 2002 Research conducted under the supervision of Dr. Trevor R. Hodkinson Department of Botany, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dr. Vincent Savolainen Jodrell Laboratory, Molecular Systematics Section, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London DECLARATION I thereby certify that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at any other University. This thesis contains research based on my own work, except where otherwise stated. I grant full permission to the Library of Trinity College to lend or copy this thesis upon request. SIGNED: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank Trevor Hodkinson and Vincent Savolainen for all the encouragement they gave me during the last three years. They provided very useful advice on scientific papers, presentation lectures and all aspects of the supervision of this thesis. It has been a great experience to work in Ireland, and I am especially grateful to Trevor for the warm welcome and all the help he gave me, at work or outside work, since the beginning of this Ph.D. in the Botany Department. I will always remember his patience and kindness to me at this time. I am also grateful to Vincent for his help and warm welcome during the different periods of time I stayed in London, but especially for all he did for me since my B.Sc. at the University of Lausanne. I wish also to thank Prof.
  • Evolution of Grasses and Grasslands in South America

    Evolution of Grasses and Grasslands in South America

    TAXON 24(I): 53-66. FEBRUARY 1975 EVOLUTION OF GRASSESAND GRASSLANDS IN SOUTH AMERICA Arturo Burkart* Summary This is a discussion of the South American grasslands from the standpoint of their evolution and composition. The tribes are considered in relation to climate, and grasses are classified as mega-, meso-, or microthermic with respect to their temperature requirements. The principal grassland regions are three: (A) Tropical and Subtropical, which include the Llanos of the Orinoco River system and the Campos Cerrados of Central Brazil; (B) Temperate, including the Pampa of Argentina and the Campos of Uruguay; and (C) Cold Country Grasslands, which are the Steppes of the high Andes and Patagonia, and also the Pairamos of Colombia and Ecuador. Some attention is given to the floristic composition of each of these regions. The subject of endemism is dealt with, as well as the problem of disjunct distribution. Included is a discussion of changes brought about by agriculture and ranching in historic times, and what may be expected in the future. INTRODUCTION The Gramineae, with about 6oo genera and some 6ooo species, is one of the largest families of flowering plants. It is a truly cosmopolitan group, and remarkable because of the capacity of its members to form the domi- nant vegetation over large areas of the earth's surface. The terms steppes, savannas, prairies, pusztas, campos or pampas all refer to vegetation types in which grasses are dominant. To quote Ronald Good (1953; p. 53) "Pride of place must certainly go to the Gramineae . ., the great family ... Not only do the grasses reach to the furthest land in the north and to the borders of Antarctica in the south, but their degree of distribution is usually particularly complete and continuous.
  • Global Relationships Between Plant Functional Traits and Environment in Grasslands

    Global Relationships Between Plant Functional Traits and Environment in Grasslands

    GLOBAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PLANT FUNCTIONAL TRAITS AND ENVIRONMENT IN GRASSLANDS EMMA JARDINE A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Sheffield Department of Animal and Plant Sciences Submission Date July 2017 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all I am enormously thankful to Colin Osborne and Gavin Thomas for giving me the opportunity to undertake the research presented in this thesis. I really appreciate all their invaluable support, guidance and advice. They have helped me to grow in knowledge, skills and confidence and for this I am extremely grateful. I would like to thank the students and post docs in both the Osborne and Christin lab groups for their help, presentations and cake baking. In particular Marjorie Lundgren for teaching me to use the Licor, for insightful discussions and general support. Also Kimberly Simpson for all her firey contributions and Ruth Wade for her moral support and employment. Thanks goes to Dave Simpson, Maria Varontsova and Martin Xanthos for allowing me to work in the herbarium at the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, for letting me destructively harvest from the specimens and taking me on a worldwide tour of grasses. I would also like to thank Caroline Lehman for her map, her useful comments and advice and also Elisabeth Forrestel and Gareth Hempson for their contributions. I would like to thank Brad Ripley for all of his help and time whilst I was in South Africa. Karmi Du Plessis and her family and Lavinia Perumal for their South African friendliness, warmth and generosity and also Sean Devonport for sharing all the much needed teas and dub.
  • Mechanical Recovery of a Native Forest with Shrubs of the Espinal

    Mechanical Recovery of a Native Forest with Shrubs of the Espinal

    DOI: 10.26650/forestist.2018.392323 Forestist 2018, 68(2): 78-86 Original Article Mechanical recovery of a native forest with shrubs of the Espinal Ecoregion (Argentina) Espinal Ekolojik Bölgesindeki bir ormanda mekanik müdahele ile çalılar üzerinde sağlanan iyileşme (Arjantin) Rafael Alberto Sabattini , Julián Alberto Sabattini , Juan Carlos Cian , Mauro Lindt Chair of Ecology of Agricultural Systems, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Entre Rios, Entre Ríos, Argentina ABSTRACT The invasion of woody plants in various parts of the world has been a longstanding concern in livestock produc- tion due to the expected negative impact on secondary production. Native forests cover 30% of the earth’s land surface. A great part of the livestock production of Entre Ríos is developed in these ecosystems, which have been highly degraded due to inadequate cattle management, and the invasion of shrub species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the natural pasture recovery in a degraded native forest, subjected to a mechanical intervention with a frontal roller-chopping, in order to increase the grazing area and improve secondary productivity. The study was carried out in Paraná Department (Entre Ríos, Argentina). On 15/12/2014 a mechanical intervention was carried out with a frontal roller-chopping designed by the Chair Ecology of Agricultural Systems. To evaluate the dynamics of the recovery of the natural grassland of the native forest, seven measurements were made on the following dates: 15/05, 12/06, 28/07, 11/09, 27/10 and 21/12/2015, and 22/02/2016. The vegetation cover was measured with the line intercept method and phytomass production.