VICTORIAN Building inclusive AFRICANcommunities, COMMUNITIESimproving wellbeing ACTIONand PLAN creating sustainable Buildingopportunities inclusive for communities,Victorians improving with outcomesAfrican and heritagecreating sustainable opportunities for Victorians with African heritage

WORKING TOGETHER NOW AND OVER THE LONG TERM 2018-2028 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page II and nationsthat canbefound inVictoria. the markrepresents Victoria. The intersecting linesrepresent themany different African cultures About themain symbol: Theshaperepresents theAfrican continent.Thelarge Vinthemiddleof NadirAbdella Artwork: Claire HoDesign Design andlayout: 1 Treasury Place, Melbourne, 3002 was authorised byThis draft theVictorian Government © State of Victoria of Premier (Department andCabinet)2018 information inthispublication. all liabilityfor any error, loss orotherconsequence whichmayarisefrom you relying onany or implied,asto thesuitability of thesaidinformation any purposeanddisclaims particular accuracy. of Premier TheDepartment andCabinetmakes norepresentations, eitherexpressed all persons accessing theinformation undertake responsibility for assessing itsrelevance and or authenticityof theinformation contained herein. Information is provided onthebasisthat This publicationisprovided for information purposesonly. Noclaimismadeasto theaccuracy Victoria [email protected]. Multicultural Affairs of Premier andSocialCohesionDivisionof theDepartment andCabinet, If you would like to receive thispublicationinanalternative pleasecontact the format, COPYRIGHT DISCLAIMER ACCESSIBILITY Appendix D:Listof tables Appendix C:Glossary of terms Appendix B:Listof contributors by submission Summary of issuesAppendix A: provided by community members duringconsultations The way forward Common themes Focus area 6:Leadership, cohesionandconnection Focus area 5:Inclusion andempowerment Focus area 4:Healthandwellbeing Focus area 3:Educationandtraining Focus Employment area 2: Focus area 1:Business The voice of young people The journey here andahead Executive summary AMWG foreword A Multicultural Victoria Message from theMinister Acknowledgments CONTENTS Figure 5:PrinciplesunderpinningtheAfrican Communities Action Plan Figure 4: Figure 3: Table B: Table Victoria: Persons A: borninselected countriesby year of arrival Snapshot ofFigure thesixfocus 2: areas andproposed outcomes Figure 1:Action Planataglance Table 9: Table 8:Victoria: Persons borninselected African countriesby religion, 2016 Census Table 7: Victoria: Persons borninselected African countriesby gender, 2016 Census Table 6:Victoria: Persons borninselected African countries by agegroups, 2016 Census Table 5: Table 4: Table 3: Table Victoria: Persons 2: borninselected African countries by year of arrival, 2016 Census Table 1:Victoria: Persons borninAfrican countries, 2016 and2011 Census Figure 6:Theway forward Vict 01/01/1997 –01/01/2017 Vict Vict Vict Vict A A frican countries of birth, personsfrican countriesof by birth, metropolitan suburbs andlocalgovernment areas frican countries of birth, personsfrican countriesof by birth, allVictorian localgovernment areas oria: Total by African countriesof birth Regional LocalGovernment Areas, 2016 Census oria: Top by 20 African Countries of Birth Migration Stream arrivingbetween oria: African ancestries, total oria: Total by African countriesof birth Metropolitan LocalGovernment Areas, 2016 Census oria: Total residents by by African countryof birth metropolitan andregional areas

responses, 2016 Census

69 43 63 48 39 45 54 45 65 59 35 55 62 23 6 5 5 10 27 IV

13 31 15 6 21 71 11 11 11 V 9 6 3 5 7 7 7 7 1 1

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page III Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page IV ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Dr Hussein Horaco George Kabengele Fred Alale Cecilia Rabecca Mphande Amani Nyikang Ahmed NoorYusuf Ahmed Dini Abeselom Nega Contributing AMWGMembers (current andformer; alphabeticalorder by first name) Dr CharlesMphande Betty Belay Dr BerhanAhmed Dr ApolloS.Nsugbuga-Kyobe Abdiaziz Farah Guest Contributors (alphabetical order by first name) with over 70 respondents, andapublic consultations, acommunity survey its development –from over 10community gathered duringthistimethatsupported of African heritage. Many views were to February 2018 withmany Victorians extensive engagement from October 2016 The Action Planhasresulted from identify practical solutions. Victoria’s African communities and Victorian Government onissues affecting in October 2016 to engagewiththe young people. TheAMWGwas established 21 Group (AMWG), adiverse group of by theAfrican Ministerial Working The Action Planwas developed

professionals, community leaders and Kot Monoah Naima Hassen Dr MohammedAba-Bulgu Monica Kuol Bol Miriam Issa Melika Yassin Sheikh-Eldin Kenyatta J. DeiWal John Kuot Farah Warsame Eva Sarr Deng Yong Deng Clyde Salumu Sharady people involved intheprocess. commitment of timeandexpertise by all like to acknowledge thesignificant provided Secretariat andwould support of Premier Department andCabinet to theAction plananddraft Plan.The contributors joinedatover 20 sessions Further, many AMWGmembers andguest also engaged. government andcivilorganisations, were other interested includinglocal parties, across theVictorian Government and informed thedesignof theplan.People sources, such ascommunity papers, also and feedback from over 300 people. Other December 2017 resulting submissions in34 consultation periodfrom November to Zione Walker-Nthenda Wilson Busari Theresa SengaagaSsali Dr Steve Rametse Sisay Dinku Shillar Sibanda Sainab Sheikh Terefe Aborete Monica Forson Mahad Warsame Kenneth Gonkarnue Minister for Multicultural Affairs Robin Scott MESSAGE FROM THE MINISTER African communities to buildabetter, brighter future. As agovernment andasastate, we’ll keep working withour every person whohascontributed to itscontents. I wishto thanktheAMWGfor aswell leadingitsdevelopment, as will considertheideasandactionsputforward inthisdocument. Over thecomingweeks andmonths, theVictorian Government generations whowere bornhere. migrated to Australia andnow callVictoria home, andto thenext communities. Itgives voice to multiple generations whohave developed for Victoria’s African communities by Victoria’s African The 10year African Communities Action Planhasbeen and opportunities. multicultural groups have avoice inresponding to challenges connected andcohesive state. Thatincludesensuring thatour Even itprovides more thanthat, aplanto strengthen our prosperity. – thathave shapedoursuccess, andwillunderpinourfuture freedom, fairness, equality before thelawandrespect for all Victorian. Andproud of it.setsoutthefoundational values – of it.ournew multicultural policy statement. In 2017, theVictorian Government launchedVictorian. Andproud success of ourstate, to participate andbelong. of beingVictorian, wanting to contribute ourtalents to the Regardless of thesedifferences, we allshare acommonthread groups withdifferent cultures, customs, religions andlanguages. 54 countries, thisdiversity ismadeupof thousands of ethnic They have comefrom avast continent richindiversity. With their values, hopesandaspirations for anew life. who have madethejourney to Australia andbrought withthem Among ourwonderfully diverse community are African migrants their culture. here, bringingwiththemtheirexperience, theirheritage and People from allover theworld have chosento make theirhome As Victorians we have much to beproud of.

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page V Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 1 VICTORIA A MULTICULTURAL respect, acceptancerespect, andcontribution. society withashared senseof belonging, unify us asapeaceful andprosperous It clearlysetsoutthecore values that is theVictorian Values Statement. At of Victorian. Andproud theheart of it. strong andcohesive society. unequivocal commitmentto buildinga approach to multiculturalism andits which outlinestheVictorian Government’s proud of it.ournew Multicultural Policy Government released Victorian. And In February 2017 theVictorian Statement The Victorian Values through andbelonging. participation even stronger contributionto thestate growing African communities to make an This planintends to Victoria’s support multicultural societyasuccess. frameworks thathave madeVictoria’s remains withintheoverarching implementation of thisAction Plan It willtherefore becriticalthatthe affairs. Victoria’s approach to multicultural This Action Plansitssquarely within and follow 135different faiths. 200 countries, speak260 languages Our citizens comefrom more than their culture andtheirtraditions. They bringwiththemtheirexperience, chosen to make ourstate theirhome. People from allover theworld have should expect of eachother. every Victorian andwhatevery Victorian negotiable –they are whatwe expect of we eachshare. Thesevalues are not clear therightsandresponsibilities The Victorian Values Statement makes One lawfor all improve healthandwellbeing for all. economic andsocialdisengagement and is better ableto tackle problems like violence. Asocietyfree of discrimination reject exclusion, racism andallforms of and toinclusion andparticipation Everyone hasaresponsibility to promote acceptable Discrimination isnever or freedom of others. break thelaworto impingeonthesafety assembly; itdoes notallow peopleto sexuality andreligion, andpeaceful freedom of speech,expressions of gender, The freedom to beyourself includes and to practice theirtraditions inpeace. able to celebrate theirculture withpride, Government wants every Victorian to be feel safe inbeingtrueto themselves. The Everyone isfree to bethemselves andto Freedom to beyourself cohesive society. responsibilities, we canensure asafe and other. Byrespecting ourmutual rightsand the lawandresponsibilities towards each As Victorians, we allhave rightsunder responsibilities andprotections. Victorians have thesamelegalrights, Everyone isequal underthelaw. All › › › every Victorian has: underpinned by theunderstanding that Our discussions aboutdiversity are a placewe canallbeproud of. make Victoria agreat placeto live –and the community, theseare thevalues that home, whilevolunteering atwork, orin should expect of eachother. Whetherat These values are whatevery Victorian community andthrough volunteerism. contributions athome, inthe atwork, expressed intheeveryday –through your Acceptance of ourshared values is Accepting thesevalues isnotdifficult. loved onesto besafe, secure andhappy. be recognised, andfor ourfamilies and opportunity to thrive, for oursuccesses to We allwant similarthings–the Victoria we canbeproud of It isupto allof us to contribute to a employment andasafe placeto live. healthcare, equity in accessible transport, life. Theseincludequality educationand need to of the Victorian bepart way of their background they –thesupport where they live, theircircumstances, or means givingevery Victorian –nomatter Everyone deserves afair goinlife. That A fair go for all › › › they choose. A responsibility to letothers live as A rightto belongandcontribute and values of thestate A dutyto respect andupholdthelaws outlines: which aligned closelywiththisframework, The African Communities Action Planis and succeed. Victorian canbelong,contribute, achieve government to ensure thatevery drive concrete improvements across Outcomes Framework whichaimsto of Government Multicultural Affairs Statement istheVictorian Whole Supporting theMulticultural Policy › › › › › › › › › › responsibilities Victorians have equal rightsand and community Victorians are connected to culture Victorians are ableto participate fully Victorians are healthy andwell Victorians are safe andsecure

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 2 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 3 Working Group Member of theAfrican Ministerial Sisay Dinku AMWG FOREWORD communities. communities. opportunity to create lastingintergenerational reform in our Victorian with African heritage. We have an unprecedented I recommend theAfrican Communities Action Planto every valuable facilitation inthedevelopment of thisAction Plan. of PremierDepartment andCabinetfor theirdedicationand Lastly, my very specialthanks to thesecretariat inthe Victoria’s African communities. this topic andfor theirlong-term commitmentto supporting Multicultural Commission for theirleadership inapproaching I alsowishto thanktheVictorian Government andtheVictorian version duringtheconsultation period. organisation andperson whoprovided feedback onthedraft who have helpeddevelop theAction Plan,aswell aseach I wishto thanktheAMWGmembers andguest contributors communities equally contribute toward collective growth. our combinedeffort canmore peoplewithinVictoria’s African to theimplementation support of thisAction Plan.Onlythrough industry, business, civilsociety, academiaandphilanthropists Government andotherlevels portfolios of government, On behalfof allAfrican communities, IaskallVictorian not tomorrow. The Action Planprovides thestarting pointfor actiontoday, opportunities by findinglastingsolutions. the challengesandovercome barriers thatstand in theway of to live, work andlearn. Letus seekadeeperunderstanding of Let us beboldandwork together to make Victoria thebestplace skills, qualifications or experience. To succeed, Icalluponevery person to contribute –using their with Victorians withAfrican heritage. critical thatgovernments andothersectors work inpartnership take longerplanninganddiscussion. Aswe move forward, itis Some actionsmust bedelivered immediately, andothers will identity andsenseof belonging,andtheirabilityto participate. In thisway, everyone eachactionaimsto uplift –to enhancetheir Victorians withAfrican heritage, withallcommunities inmind. just symbolic; itisapractical planwithallactionsdeveloped by Africansupporting communities inVictoria. But itismore than the Victorian Government’s long-standing commitmentto The task given to the AMWGindeveloping theAction Planshows Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 4 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY know-how to create lastingchange. resources, expertise, knowledge and of thesolution.Itneedscooperation,part African communities to own, leadand be And now, the plan asks people in Victoria’s what needsto bedone. with astrong andunified voice to discuss and circumstances –have cometogether Victorians of African heritage –of allages Communities leadingchange throughout thedocument. born here. Theirvoices are reflected their home, aswell asthosewhowere migrants whohave madeVictoria and different approaches of African draws ontherichdiversity, experiences The result isaplanfor thefuture that and informal feedback. opinions through consultations, formal who have provided theirideasand across Victoria’s African communities It hasalsoinvolved hundreds of people appointed AMWG. led by theVictorian Government- The development of thisplanhasbeen people to designandembrace theirfuture. known issues, and inspire andto uplift It intends to highlightresponses to well- themselves, theirfamilies andcommunity. experiences, hopesandaspirations for Victorians whohave boldlyshared their This Action Plancaptures thevoices of African communities A planby andfor Victoria’s improve theirwell-being. them to realise theiraspirations and Victorians of African heritage to help to reflect onhow they can work with private, academic,philanthropic sectors, It alsoasks governments, andthecivil, shape theiridentity. to make decisionsto better theirlives and The opportunities shouldhelpall people all peopleto belong,contribute andthrive. are designedto create opportunitiesfor across thesixfocus areas. These actions There are over 250proposed actions for action. The Action Plansetsoutsixfocus areas Action Planataglance 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1.

across thebroader society communities andstronger connections through effective leadership, cohesive Contributing to astrong Victoria Leadership, cohesionandconnection fairly andwithrespect peopletoSupporting beequal, treated Inclusion andempowerment – wellbeing of allpeople social, emotionalandphysical the Health andwellbeing –Lifting skills for life stronger learningfoundations and Education andtraining –Building in allsectors and pathways to gainmeaningful jobs Employment –Strengthening skills across theeconomy innovation, enterprise andinvestment Business –Growing African Victorian

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improving knowledge andevidence. building skillsthrough and partnerships; better andbetter participation services; themes emerged across thefocus areas: As theplanwas created, three common Victoria’s African communities. others sectors to peopleacross support done by communities, governments and The actionsbuildonwork already being FIGURE 1: ACTION PLAN AT A GLANCE change. andtowork inpartnership; create lasting community strengths; beaccountable; principles askeveryone involved to: use principles whichunderpintheplan.These strengthenedThis isfurther by four key

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 6 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 7 across of societyto allparts contribute. heritage, itwillalsocallonpartners all generations of Victorians of African path ahead.Thiswillnotonlyengage implementation planthatmapsoutthe The next phasewillbeto develop an Next steps For more information relating to youthspecificactions refer to page15. More than150proposed actionsacross allfocus areas are designedto children support andyoung people. Victoria’s African communities. All actionsandoutcomes were developed by Victorians of African heritage, andrelate to peoplefrom allof FIGURE 2: SNAPSHOT OF THE SIX FOCUS AREAS AND PROPOSED OUTCOMES Focus Area TRAINING EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT BUSINESS Topics training Higher educationandvocational Work experience andvolunteering Adult educationandlearning people School agechildren andyoung Before schoolprograms andafter Connection to education Early childhoodeducation Retention andupwards mobility Overseas qualifications andskills Job access andrecruitment graduates Early schoolleavers and recent Job readiness Trade andinvestment Business networks andpartnerships Entrepreneurship andinnovation Business sustainable change. initiatives thatwillhelpachieve long-term, to existing, support ongoingandnew requiringto careful implement, planning actions. Otheractionswilltake more time immediately to deliver themostimportant right peopleinvolved, work canstart With adequate investment andthe Proposed Outcomes well andindifferent situations More peoplecan speakEnglish to reach full theirpotential strong foundation for individuals Training istailored andprovides a and reach theirpotential Young peoplestay ineducation childhood to tertiary their child’s learningfrom early Families are actively involved in ready for school before preschool to helpthembe More children attend kindergarten learners, andare resilient adults are engaged,independent Children, young peopleand unemployed peopleto findjobs Better to support assist executive positionsacross sectors Increased number of leadership / economy rates incareer jobsacross the Higher retention andpromotion interests, qualifications and skills People’s careers alignwith Recognition of business successes and overseas business andindustry inAustralia Stronger links between people, sectors competitive businesses across all More profitable andmore Economic securityfor everyone and young people support childrensupport No. of actionsto 38 15 12 Focus Area EMPOWERMENT INCLUSION AND CONNECTION COHESION AND LEADERSHIP, WELLBEING HEALTH AND Topics Child protection Women andgenderequality People intheJustice System Gender andsexuality Seniors andtheelderly People withdisabilities New arrivals engagement withauthorities Understanding of Australian lawand Media Infrastructure andfacilities Young people Cohesion across communities Knowledge sharingandcoordination Community leadership Strengthening families Seniors andtheElderly Young peopleatrisk Family violence Physical healthandchronic disease Mental health Proposed Outcomes empowered Women are respected and community and actively participates inthe Everyone issociallyengaged express themselves freely Everyone feels empowered to reject allforms of discrimination embrace individualidentitiesand Communities are inclusive, decisions for theirfuture lead, connectandmake informed Young peopleare nurtured to their culture, traditions andvalues identity andfeel connected to People have astrong senseof and leaders across society heritage are partners, influencers More Victorians of African prioritises, plansandsolves issues communities thatproactively Unified andempowered outcomes improved healthliteracy and of African heritage andleadto meet theneedsof Victorians Tailored andresponsive services children, young peopleandadults Good physical healthfor all and adults life for allchildren, young people Good mental healthandquality of fear live free from abuse, violence and women, areparticularly safe and All Victorians of African heritage, and young people support childrensupport No. of actionsto 32 25 31

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 8 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 9 AND AHEAD THE JOURNEY HERE social andpolitical circumstances. broader awareness of Africa, andits coming to Australia, bringingabouta of blackAfrican students alsostarted extractive colonies.Asmall number people leavingformer settlerand Africa were largely non-indigenous the 1960s to themid-1970s, inflows from South Africa, EgyptandMauritius. From African migrants to Victoria were from Between the1940s and1970s, most date backasearlythe18thcentury. travelling to Australia onservant ships has beenvaried. Stories of African people Table 1in Appendix D), and their journey continent have moved to Australia (see Over 93,800 peoplebornontheAfrican The journey to Australia here inVictoria. Australia, andthejourney thatliesahead significant journey of these people to This Action Planisframed by the sense of belonging. to thesuccess of ourstate andto feel a each wanting to contribute theirtalents They alsoshare anidentityasVictorians, strength of family andkin. centre around theimportance and from group to group, allAfrican cultures Though there maybemany differences cultures, customs, religions andlanguages. thousands of ethnicgroups withdifferent richness of diversity whichincludes representing the African continent, a They have comefrom 54countriesacross aspirations for anew life. them theirexperiences, values, hopesand journey to Australia have brought with African migrants whohave madethe hopelessness. has ledto confusion, despairand this those whocannotfind support, feelings of isolation. For some, especially cultural languagebarriers, and shock, overwhelming. Migrants mayexperience a different culture andlanguagecanbe and friendsto anunfamiliar placewith Moving away from one’s homeland,family responses to change. experience andcaninfluenceindividual many factors thatcanaffect themigrant to adjust to anew way of life. There are others have found itmore challenging the caseamongany migrant group, Africans hasbeenpositive, butasisoften The migrant experience for many Australia atayoung ageorwere bornhere. were bornintransit countries, arrived in also agrowing younger generation who number arrivingfrom the1980s. There is 2000s, withanadditionalsignificant in Victoria today arrived intheearly The majorityof African migrants living A orTable 2inAppendixDfor thefull list). west andeastAfrican regions (seeTable occurred inthemid-2000s from north, and central Africa. Anothermajorinflow disasters east insomecountriesnorth, due to conflictsandmajorclimatic inflows of black African migrants arrived Africa grew inAustralia further andlarger In the1980s and1990s, knowledge of Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2016 Census participation andlower income.participation leading to lower higherunemployment, affected theirsettlementoutcomes, or haddisrupted education.Thishas trauma, maynothave finishedschool situation have experienced significant as simpleoreasy. Many people inthis home countries, thejourney hasnotbeen here to escapewar andcrisisintheir But for the20,800 peoplewhohave come where there are similarsystems. from African Englishspeaking countries accountants andotherprofessions, many They arrived asengineers, doctors, to theirnew homewithminimalissues. migrants, for example, have transitioned people whocamevoluntarily asskilled individual experience. The29,300 Circumstances canalsoaffect the TABLE A: VICTORIA: PERSONS BORN IN SELECTED COUNTRIES BY YEAR OF ARRIVAL 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Rank 2016 Eritrea South Sudan Kenya Somalia Zimbabwe Sudan Ethiopia Mauritius Egypt South Africa Country of Birth 1941-1960 2,072 243 36 68 28 14 18 0 0 7 1961-1980 completed primaryschooleducation. many havingonly women inparticular level was quite low onarrival, with in thissituation, their formal educational developed invillages.For somepeople having to changethelifestyle they had where they were ableto live without agricultural economiesorfrom cities Some Africans have comefrom Table 3inAppendixD). while others have hadminimalissues (see may have experienced crisisandtrauma, to reunite withtheirfamily, someof whom Another 15,800 peoplemoved to Australia 3,344 3,365 3,723 354 302 115 20 51 0 3 1981-2000 3,460 9,442 2,915 1,758 1,818 605 648 914 819 124 2001-2010 9,396 2,546 3,554 2,442 2,427 4,130 2,282 1,139 1,717 574 2011-2016 1,044 4,261 1,750 1,027 1,672 600 1,112 270 748 419

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 10 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 11 contribute andparticipate fully. However, someneedmore to support qualifications or experience to contribute. Australia, allAfrican migrants have skills, Regardless of thereason for moving to FIGURE 3: TABLE B: Total Total OutsideLGAs Regional Victoria Location inVictoria Metropolitan Melbourne  REGIONAL AREAS VICT GOVERNMENT AREAS  AFRICAN ORIA: TOTAL RESIDENTS BY AFRICAN COUNTRY OF BIRTH BY METROPOLITAN AND COUNTRIES OF BIRTH, PERSONS BY METROPOLITAN SUBURBS AND LOCAL Residents by African Countryof Birth Appendix D). Figures 3and4;seealsoTables 4and5 in living inregional Victoria (seeTable B, of Melbourneandasmaller number with mostlivinginmetropolitan areas African communities live across Victoria, 93,846 85,698 7,967 181 Percentage of Residents 8.46% 0.19% 91.3% 100% together. Most importantly, itasks themto work affect changeandcreate theirown future. youngindividuals, particularly people, to It encourages communities and generations. and dreams of many Victorians across all This Action Plan gives voice to theideas ahead isfull of opportunities. As we lookto thefuture, thejourney The journey ahead FIGURE 4: AREAS  AFRICAN COUNTRIES OF BIRTH, PERSONS BY ALL VICTORIAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT is asuccess. everyone involved to ensure thisplan change andto anchorthework of These principlesare designedto support create lastingchange. accountable; andto work inpartnership; to: use community strengths; be principles whichaskeveryone involved Underpinning theplanare four key Victoria’s African communities. actions assuggested by peoplewithin The sixfocus areas identifypractical

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 12 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 13 infrastructure and use existing already beingdone Build onwork change lead andsupport closely together to should work more communities deliver change; passion to expertise and experience, person’s Draw oneach strengths Use community FIGURE 5: PRINCIPLES UNDERPINNING THE AFRICAN COMMUNITIES ACTION PLAN

communities more visibleto make results Measure progress; transparent making isfair and Ensure decision- Be accountable co-review and co-delivery through co-design, communities Involve partnership work ingenuine and othersectors governments Communities, and skills share knowledge communities, between connections Increase partnership Work in

disrupt progress perspectives that and personal culturalShift initiatives community-led and support knowledge skills and Build community lasting change politics to support from allsidesof Gain commitment change Create lasting

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 14 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 15 be innovative andenterprising. accessible education,andthepotential to the relative safety, freedom of speech, privileges of beingVictorian, including Many young peopleunderstand the shaping Victoria’s future. and willcontinue to beinstrumental in important role withincommunities Children andyoung peopleplayan have astronger voice children andyoung peopleto Supporting andempowering THEIR SAY PEOPLE HAVE YOUNG THE VOICE OF YOUNG PEOPLE greatest employment barriers. traditionally have hadthe and young peoplewho opportunities for ourmothers It starts withproviding Business

short termshort program. fully beachieved inany early inlife andcannot Being jobready starts Employment

to participate, contribute andbelong. must have avoice andtheopportunities lives andthelives of others, young people In order to create real changeintheirown finding their own unique identity. balance cultural expectations while challenges for young peoplewhomust Victorian societyhaspresented some the inclusion of African communities in Similar to otherwaves of migration, between cultures. unableto bethemselves,out, andtorn Others are struggling.They mayfeel left and theirfamilies. to create aprosperous life for themselves have openeyes andeagerspirits, ready in study, work andcommunity life –they Most young peopleare actively involved broader Victorian community. Young peoplewant to of feel the part Culture andintergenerational change greater power to determine theirfuture. and acknowledges thatvoice allows for Action Planvalues thevoice of young people enables theyouth voice to beheard. The The Action Planisimportant because it change thelife course of young people. who displaygenuine supportive attributes successful life. Agoodeducation andteachers Education isthekey to ameaningful and Education

actions will support youngactions willsupport people. More than150of theplan’s proposed specifically to young people. with many proposed actionsrelating people atevery stage of development, have, thisAction Planhasinvolved young understanding of thegreat potential they With awareness of theissues andan people isapriorityfor theAMWG. The prosperity andwellbeing of young young people Actions to children support and broader Victorian community. Young peoplewant to of feel the part Australian asotherVictorians. us African butwe alsowant to feel as we donotwant to losewhatmakes Victoria isimportant. Asyoung people Balancing culture andintegration into Cohesion andConnection addressing theirissues. young peoplewithouttruly advocating onthebehalfof and unelected spokespersons in misguidedyoung people community. Ithasresulted damaging effects inour Our lackof voice hashad Youth Voice generations. to bringaboutchange for future medium term, whilebuilding foundations actions ableto bedelivered to intheshort change they want to see, with many They enableyoung peopleto leadthe knowledge andconnections. people to use anddevelop theirskills, provide new opportunities for young These actionsbuildonexisting work and community groups. seat atthetable like other society; rather we want a ourselves from mainstream We want to don’t exclude Cohesion an elder’s perspective. neglected orarticulated from Too ourvoice often hasbeen Youth voice

African students are notcapable. deficit mentality andassume Teachers shouldnotassume a Education

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 16 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 17 21 to 42). that connectto young people(seepages many actionsacross thesixfocus areas The actionsbelow highlightsomeof the recruitment Job access and graduates leavers and Early school Job readiness Business and innovation Entrepreneurship Topic education Early childhood education Connection to EMPLOYMENT BUSINESS EDUCATION AND TRAINING Proposed actions in employment ortraining Find new ways to engagepeoplewithpolicerecords or minorconvictions relationships withpotential employers Create informal opportunities for jobseekers to meetandbuild opportunities Motivate graduates andsupport to enter theircareer of choicethrough experience them to make informed decisionsandproviding industry specific work early to transition to study orto such ashelping engageinemployment, Provide to earlysupport young school peoplewhomayorhave left their parents aboutpathways andoptions graduates by providing clearandtailored guidanceto young peopleand Better thecareer support aspirations of earlyschoolleavers and effective andresponsive Review andtailor current employment programs to ensure servicesare organisations to jobseekers support whoare hard to reach of Victoria’s diversity and buildthecapacityof African Victorian Ensure staff atgovernment employment servicesare reflective including through better marketing strategies Support small businesses to becomemediumto large businesses, enterprise Help creative to artists becomemarket ready, includingthrough social affordable rates for start-ups andpractice networks to enter such theglobalmarket, ascouncils makingspacesavailable at Support community start-ups, by particularly young peopleandwomen, people experiencing additionalbarriers unemployed orlow skilledjobseekers, women and young particularly Establish aprogram thatuses innovation to foster thetalents of readiness early childhoodeducationand theparents’ role school insupporting Implement supported parenting programs thatreinforce the value of Support families to foster agoodhomelearningenvironment Better understand andrespond to discriminationinschools and trauma informed behavioural management Support staff to implementeffective cross-cultural teaching strategies Improve families’ connectionsto schoolthrough communityled initiatives Improve dialoguebetween schools, young peopleandfamilies training and vocational Higher education and training Work experience Physical health Mental health young people children and School age school programs Before andafter Topic HEALTH AND WELLBEING Proposed actions Encourage Victorians withAfrican heritage to participate inHigherEducation time’ market-led training Work withtraining providers, TAFEs andindustry bodiesto design‘real work experience across sectors Increase for support Victorians withAfrican heritage to gainmeaningful Better youth-led support initiatives inthecreative industries experience multiple barriers to work programs for peoplewho thatleadto particularly ongoingemployment, Expand access to supported andpaidcorporate work placement backgrounds Help to facilitate internships for tertiary graduates from African heritage, ingrowing particularly labourmarkets cadetships, internships andapprenticeships amongVictorians of African Expand access to anduptake of government supported traineeships, Ensure policiesandservicesmeetindividualneeds school-basedsupport African heritage Encourage cultural connectionamongchildren andyoung peopleof › › › mothers, single parents andpeopleat risk as away to increase wellbeing andbelongingfor young women, young Increase access to andrecreational sport opportunities, particularly health system Support peopleto understand andbeableto confidentlyaccess the hygiene practices, sexual health,nutrition, exercise increase healthknowledge andprevent chronic disease, such asongood Design anddeliver community focused educationprograms that more affordable for children andyoung people, soccer particularly Better thesustainability support clubsandmake of localsporting sport tailored responses Review suicide rates amongVictorians of African heritage anddesign Improve to support young peopleinmental healthfacilities youngbetween communities, particularly peopleandoldergenerations Publicly talk aboutmental health,andencourage greater understanding stigma of mental health Deliver culturally appropriate educationprograms thataddress the employment by: Support students to successfully transition to educationor further are accessible, tailored to individualneedsandculturally responsive forsupport students whoare atriskof dropping outto make sure services Engage families andstudents inreviewing anddesigningoutreach benefit young people Increase to support localhomework clubsto ensure they are viableand › › › volunteering, socialenterprises including trades, entrylevel private, positions(ingovernment, other), providing information regarding allcareer optionsandpathways line withtheirinterests providing equal for support students to pursue scored VCE orVCAL in options andbenefits of completing VCE or VCAL development opportunities thathelpstudents to understand career increasing access to career councillors andmentorship or

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 18 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 19 justice system People inthe sexuality Gender and elderly Seniors andthe disabilities People with New arrivals families Strengthening risk Young peopleat Family violence Topic INCLUSION AND EMPOWERMENT Proposed actions after releaseafter Work withtheparole board to improve theengagementof young people consistent pointsof information in thejustice system, such asthrough counsellingandcentral and Provide culturally appropriate to support families whosechildren are Victoria programs andservices backgrounds ,to of existing becomepart Youth Justice andCorrections Support andtrain more people, includingpeoplefrom diverse andincreasingfinding employment, cultural andsocialconnection society, withafocus onpreventing reoffending, stabilising accommodation, Review and tailor servicesto support promote long-term re-integration into across allagegroups Increase acceptance of LGBTI peopleandrelationships inthecommunity sexual orientation Bring communities together to talk openlyaboutdifferent genderand younger generations Support initiatives thatincrease engagementwiththeelderlyand Increase advocacy for support peoplewithdisabilities included andto participate fully insociety meet commonneeds, increase networks, themto andthatsupport feel Work withcarers andpeoplewithadisabilityto designlocalservicesthat factors of secondarymigration Research anddesignprograms to proactively address push andpull environments Support young peopleto manage culture shockandadaptto theirnew resolve conflict and enjoy experiences thatbroaden role structures andprevent or Help families –young people, parents andgrandparents –to connect and community supports Support parents, singlemothers, particularly to access available services culture, drugs, alcohol,teen pregnancy, mental healthandLGBTI resolve intergenerational conflictand tackle current issues, such as youth Support communities andfamilies to have respectful relationships, and canpursue theirinterests Create spaceswhere young peoplewhoare strugglingfeel comfortable members whoare atrisk Increase families’ resilience andabilityto theiryoung support family confidence Involve young peopleinfindingnew ways to helpthembuildskillsand Support mentoring programs for young people, runby young people young people, thatincrease thesafety of youth andreduce youth crime Support earlyintervention andprevention initiatives, ledby community and substance abuse and/or mental illnesses therapeutic programs, such asfor young peoplewhostrugglewith Support andincrease access to quality andculturally appropriate appropriate Men’s Behavioural Changeprograms ormen’s sheds Support mento changeperspectives such asthrough culturally family violence Review andtailor how policeengagewithfamilies withinthecontext of individual andfamily experience Ensure serviceproviders are culturally responsive andprovide asensitive of law Understanding facilities Infrastructure and Young people Child protection gender equality Women and Topic LEADERSHIP, COHESION AND CONNECTION Proposed actions Build trust andknowledge between localpolice, families andyoung people liaison roles including by employing Victorians of African heritage ineducationor improve interactions between young peopleand thejustice system, Increase parents’ knowledge of how thejustice system functions and early intervention andrehabilitation Provide legalservicesthateducate people, withafocus onprevention, protections inAustralian law Increase communities’ knowledge of theirrights, responsibilities and when they want to use them Ensure youth centres drop-in andoutreach programs are openattimes people outsideschoolhours Simplify access to councilandgovernment owned premises for young expression of diverse African cultures andidentities Establish multipurpose centres thatconnectcommunities andenable belonging andpromote socialcohesion Support initiatives across theState thatincrease youth senseof structured development programs Better engageandconnectyoung peopleto government through culture shockandbecomeleaders Equip young peoplewiththeskillsandknowledge to manageconflict, young people Tailor andexpand activity-based leadership andmentoring programs for positive role models Across all sectors, give young peopleopportunities to leadandbecome or youth-led conferences orevents Help young such as through peopleto state connect, wideyouth councils who are struggling Give young peoplewidereaching platforms to beheard, includingthose Develop cross-cultural awareness inchildprotection services mothers orsinglemothers Expand supported playgroups young for allwomen, butparticularly from parents Review andimprove to support young peoplewhoare withoutorisolated and singlemothers and empower themto bewhothey want to be, young particularly women Design anddeliver localprograms andinitiatives women thatsupport

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 20 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 21 FOCUS AREA 1: BUSINESS need to succeed. opportunities andtheconnectionsthey actions promote access to information, women of allages–theproposed business –young people, menand For thosewanting to start orgrow a developed over generations. Many have entrepreneurial skills economic security. to opportunities, mostpeoplecanachieve With therightskills, andaccess support industries. managers andvolunteers across many employees, employers, business owners, to thestate’s thrivingeconomy as Victorians of African heritage contribute economy investment across the innovation, enterprise and Supporting growth in Business TOPIC › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › enterprise Help creative to artists become market ready, includingthrough social jobseekers such asinfrastructure, withaview to particularly employing long-term Increase access to government procurement andlong-term projects, procurement strategies andpolicies Include African andculturally diverse communities insocial including through better marketing strategies Support small businesses to becomemediumto large businesses, they cancompete effectively Facilitate market entryfor African businesses Victorian-owned sothat mentorship spaces andco-working or expansion of business through socialprocurement, training, Support businesses inameaningful way through thelaunch,operation opportunities Improve access to small business andsocialenterprise finance organisations ontheAfrican continent. Victoria andlike-minded peopleand and practice networks between investment links, aswell asknowledge This includesexpanding trade and › Proposed outcomes › › › › › › › Economic securityfor everyone Recognition of business successes overseas business andindustry inAustralia and Stronger links between people, businesses across allsectors More profitable andmore competitive generating sufficient profit. Unfortunately many businesses are not because they cannotfindemployment. African communities start abusiness Africa andmany members of the Small businesses are commonin investment Trade and and partnerships Business networks and innovation Entrepreneurship TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › African background by: Promote theeconomic and socialbenefits of employing people of and withthebroader industry that: Strengthen connectionsbetween African Victorian business owners African communities and facilitate opportunitiesto leadandmentor peoplefrom other Establish role modelsof successful African Victorian business owners in entrepreneurialism andinnovation Governments andcommunities to identifyandshowcase bestpractice to socialprocurement opportunities Provide clearer information to communities aboutandpromote access training opportunities Grow socialenterprises by improving knowledge of andaccess to such asattending industry conferences Expand professional development opportunities for entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship Launch anaccessible ITplatform to promote socialenterprise and educate andempower entrepreneurs Collaborate withAfrican Australian mediaoutletsto promote services, build capacity Promote spacesfor co-working entrepreneurs to share knowledge and private sectors supportive start-up ecosystems, through particularly government and amodelto linkstart-upsCo-design from theAfrican community into available ataffordable rates for start-ups andpractice networks women, to enter such theglobalmarket, ascouncilsmakingspaces Support community start-ups, by particularly young peopleand people experiencing additionalbarriers unemployed orlow skilledjobseekers, women and young particularly Establish aprogram thatuses innovation to foster thetalents of increase trade, share investment, knowledge andbestpractice organisations inVictoria andontheAfrican continentasaway to Build between like-minded partnerships business andcivil the connectionsandknowledge of theVictorian African diaspora Promote trade andinvestment between Victoria andAfrica by using Publicly recognise employers whoare championsof workforce diversity › › › › › › heritage encouraging employers to beinclusive of Victorians withAfrican fostering championsof workforce diversity coaching, mentoring inprofessionalboost participation such development, asstudy tours, enables professionals to learnfrom eachother encourage referrals of clients increases revenue andhelpsbusiness stay viable

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 22 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 23 FOCUS AREA 2: EMPLOYMENT contributing to society. your workplace, andfeeling like you are And itisaboutfeeling connected to providing for family here andelsewhere. yoursupport choicesinyour life, and It isaboutbeingfinanciallysecure to interests, qualifications andskills. progressing inajobthatalignswithyour any job. Itisaboutfinding, keeping and But employment isnotjust abouthaving of life isenhanced. likely to improve andone’s overall quality increases, otherareas of life are more communities. Wheneconomicwellbeing priority for many peopleacross Employment isthemostimportant meaningful jobsinallsectors improving pathways to gain Strengthening skillsand › › › Proposed outcomes › › › › › executive positionsacross sectors Increased number of leadership / in career jobsacross theeconomy Higher retention andpromotion rates qualifications andskills People’s careers alignwithinterests, people to findjobs Better to support assist unemployed graduates leavers andrecent Early school Job readiness TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › specific work experience helping themto make informed decisions andproviding industry early to transition to study orto such as engageinemployment, Provide to earlysupport young school peoplewhomayorhave left and theirparents aboutpathways andoptions graduates by providing clearandtailored guidanceto young people Better thecareer support aspirations of earlyschoolleavers and heritage, transition support between servicesandavoid duplication of employment programs andservicesfor Victorians withAfrican Governments work more closelytogether to improve theeffectiveness improve jobreadiness for specific workplaces Better resources andprovision of flexible Englishlanguagetraining to such asthrough a‘one-stop shop’ that: Pilot innovative andcommunity-led initiatives to jobseekers, support organisations to jobseekers support whoare hard to reach of Victoria’s diversity andbuildthecapacityof African Victorian Ensure staff atgovernment employment servicesare reflective Employment Network funded providers and employment opportunities, such asby linkingto Jobs Victoria Provide clearer information aboutgovernment infrastructure projects Africansupport Victorian jobseekers Build thecultural responsiveness of SkillsandJobs Centre staff to officers linked to funded services programs, such asthrough anetwork of African Victorian liaison Better connectpeopleacross communities withemployment support aspirations anddecisionsby: Educate andempower parents to theirchildren’s support career Promote role modelsfor young peopleacross industries opportunities, such as: Motivate graduates andsupport to enter theircareer of choicethrough › › › › › › › › › support forsupport work experience opportunities expand theirprofessional networks needs andactivity-based mentoring andleadership courses that development opportunities to pursue creative careers and sporting ready gives intensive for support jobseekers whoneeditto becomejob ensures culturally sensitive advocacy andcasework coordinates pointsof information andadvice are effective andculturally responsive Review andtailor current employment programs to ensure services available. helping themto understand thevaried employment options increasing theirknowledge of educationandtraining pathways, and

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 24 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 25 upwards mobility Retention and and skills qualifications Overseas recruitment Job access and › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › employees andemployers Keep peopleinjobsfor longerby offering post-employment to support Promote cohesionacross workplaces employees Extend coordinated workplace culture training for African Victorian with African heritage across sectors Implement strategies for therecruitment andretention of Victorians whose qualifications are not recognised in Australia Encourage upskillingfor andsupport Victorians withAfrican heritage career development bodies Increase professional such development asthrough peak support, overseas skillsandqualifications Extend SkillsandJobCentres servicesto provide adviceto peoplewith is tailored andinclusive Improve theskillsof career counsellors to ensure professional support can findcareer jobs by: Work across governments andsectors to ensure new African migrants convictions inemployment ortraining Find new ways to engagepeoplewithpolicerecords orminor services and Training sector, theHigher Educationsector, andemployment collaborative projects between communities, theVocational Education Improve transitions from training to employment by implementing heritage gainingcareer jobs Monitor, evaluate andreport onbarriers to Victorians withAfrican relationships withpotential employers Create informal opportunities for jobseekers to meetandbuild access careers atalllevels across sectors and innovative initiatives to ensure Victorians withAfrican heritage can Civil, corporate, academicandphilanthropic sectors to implementnew Promote culturally inclusive human resource policiesandpractices shortages and upskillVictorians withAfrican heritage to fill expected labour Implement proactive government recruitment strategies thatprepare African heritage inpositionsthatleadto ongoingcareers Employers across allsectors to employ andretain Victorians with In terms of theCommonwealth Government jobactiveprogram: › › › › › › › and accessible ensuring information aboutrecognition processes iscoordinated qualifications recognition complexityreducing of andbarriers thecost, to skillsand careers promoting work experience opportunitiesthatleadto ongoing ensuring access to jobsearch programs provide opportunities for tertiary qualified jobseekers heritage training programs for andindividualsupport young peopleof African collaboratively review andimprove theeffectiveness of thejobactive other entrants improve employment outcomes of newly arrived humanitarian and create stronger withsettlementserviceproviders partnerships to Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 26 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 27 AND TRAINING FOCUS AREA 3: EDUCATION delivery of services. an integral role inbusiness andthe skills are essential andtechnology plays skills andqualifications, Englishlanguage today’s society, many jobs need particular industry and construction.However, in because jobs were mainlyinfactories, happily withvery limited ornoEnglish migrants couldliveIn thepast, andwork professional andpersonal lives. themthroughoutthat willsupport their and creativity, andhelpbuildskills be underestimated. They foster curiosity schools canhave inaperson’s life cannot The positive influence teachers and educators. encouragement of parents, carers and young person and needsthesupport To reach theirpotential, eachchildand supported intheirplaceof learning. education, andto feel connected and Every Victorian hastherightto agood for schoolandtheirfuture. home andhelping their children getready providing anurturing environment at starts earlyinlife. Itbeginswithparents Building strong learningfoundations financially secure. key enablers to gettingajoband being Education, skillsandqualifications are for learning andskillsfor life Building stronger foundations › › Proposed outcomes › › › › › › › › › › ready for school before preschool to helpthem be More children attend kindergarten are resilient engaged, independentlearners, and Children, young peopleandadultsare and indifferent situations More peoplecanspeakEnglishwell reach full theirpotential strong foundation for individualsto Training istailored andprovides a reach theirpotential Young peoplestay ineducationand tertiary child’s learningfrom earlychildhoodto Families are actively involved intheir future. people to determine their Knowledge enablesyoung education Early childhood education Connection to TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › Education andTraining engage withfamilies andschoolsby region of andtheDepartment Promote aregional network of culturally diverse liaisonofficers to and trauma informed behavioural management Support staff to implement effective cross-cultural teaching strategies human rightstraining for staff to ensure aholisticpicture Deliver annual professional development cultural competency and accessible andeffective Ensure complaintsandfeedback mechanisms atalllevels are initiatives, such as: Improve families’ connectionsto schoolthrough communityled including: Improve dialoguebetween schools, young peopleandfamilies, encourages expression of allcultures Improve inclusion plansto ensure thateachschoolisinclusive of and Better understand andrespond to discriminationinschools other cultures andcommunities Implement earlychildhoodcentre business plansthatare inclusive of readiness, and: early childhoodeducationandtheparents’ role school insupporting supported parenting programsCo-design thatreinforce thevalue of families engagement andunderstanding between providers, parents and Work withlocalcouncilsandtheearlychildhoodsector to improve meets nationalquality standards Ensure earlychildhoodcare provided to children of African heritage Support families to foster agoodhomelearningenvironment increasing levels participation inkindergarten Support children withAfrican heritage to beschoolready, includingby › › › › › › › › › › between schoolsandparents to discuss outstanding issues parent-school liaisonprograms thatinvolve regular meetings programs wheninvolvingparticularly specificcounsellingordisciplinaryplan always engagingparents indecisionsregarding theirchildren, ensure parents understand every document before signing English proficiency to engagewithschool ensure qualified translators are available parentsto support withlow parents andstudents and therole of schooling,therightsandresponsibilities of schools, familiessupporting to understand theAustralian education system but highexpectations engaging andwelcoming families into theschoolto setappropriate build oncultural values andpractices parenting approaches draw oncommunity resources to increase knowledge of different parents’ networking programs opportunities young peopleandreconnect themto schools, jobsandtraining community liaisonoroutreach officers to work directly with African

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 28 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 29 school programs Before andafter young people children and School age TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › educational needs Ensure there isengagementwith families for andsupport allstudent’s improves by drawing outandapplyingbestpractice models Ensure thedelivery of EnglishasanAdditional Languagecontinually among schools Establish aMulticultural EducationAidenetwork to share bestpractice Ensure access to Multicultural EducationAidesisbasedonneed young people, by: developmentally behindpeers, newly arrived particularly children and Provide extra to support students whoare atriskof dropping outorare transition to mainstream schoolingsystem Offer targeted teaching to students withlow Englishthatsupport needs, includingby: Ensure policiesandservicesmeetindividual school-basedsupport collaborative responses to issues thedevelopment thatsupports individual performance of stronger, Give communities access to data andinformation onschooland are accessible, tailored to individualneedsandculturally responsive forsupport students whoare atriskof dropping outto make sure services Engage families andstudents inreviewing anddesigningoutreach benefit young people. Increase to support localhomework clubsto ensure they are viableand relevant for young people, especiallyfor thoseexperiencing hardship Make before schoolprograms andafter more widelyavailable and activity-based schoolprograms, after Work withparents to actively young support peopleto participate in and meetstheir needs Review andtailor to support early schoolleavers to ensure itisholistic with young peopleatriskof disengaging Expand school-basedprograms thatwork withfamilies to reconnect Support young peopleto develop financial andbudgetingskills African heritage Encourage cultural connectionamongchildren and young people of employment by: Support students to successfully transition to educationor further › › › › › › › › volunteering andsocialenterprises including trades, entrylevel private, positions(ingovernment, other), providing information regarding allcareer options andpathways in linewiththeirinterests providing equal for support students to pursue scored VCE orVCAL Education (VCE) ortheVictorian Certificate of AppliedLearning(VCAL) options andbenefits of completingtheVictorianof Certificate development opportunitiesthathelpstudents to understand career increasing access to career councillors andmentorship or culturally responsive teacher aides providing early, tailored includingthrough andintensive support, and coaches enabling access to schooltutors, school-basedandafter mentors engage theyoung peoplewitheducationoralternative learning pathways programssupporting thatinvolve theschool,family andstudent to re- involving families inservicere-design engaging directly withstudents andfamilies to understand needs and learning Adult education training and vocational Higher education and volunteering Work experience TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › to employment adults from non-Englishspeaking backgrounds to transition effectively Review andadoptdomesticinternational best practice to support required Englishskillsto progress intheircareer Fund Industry-specific Englishprograms for peoplewho are lacking the time’ market-led training Work withtraining providers, TAFEs andindustry bodiesto design‘real to employment Increase knowledge of andaccess to quality training courses thatlead community amongAfricans oncampus Work withuniversities andTAFEs to encourage andfacilitate asenseof Education Encourage Victorians withAfrican heritage to participate inHigher TAFEs Measure thesuccess of African Australians entering universities and meaningful work experience across allsectors by: Increase for support Victorians withAfrican heritage to gain employment Promote andexpand volunteering opportunities asapathway to through development opportunities Better youth-led support initiatives inthecreative industries, such as TV andradio advertisement apprenticeships) for Victorians withAfrican heritage, through posters, Promote benefits of work basedtraining pathways (such as to work for peoplewhoexperience particularly employment, multiple barriers Support access to work placement programs thatleadto ongoing Help to facilitate internships for tertiary African Victorian graduates in growing labourmarkets and apprenticeships amongVictorians of African heritage, particularly Expand access to anduptake of traineeships, cadetships, internships Support families to learntheEnglishlanguagealongwiththeirchildren program across Victoria evaluate theeffectiveness of theAdult Migrant EnglishProgram ESL Commonwealth Government to withAfrican communities to partner term low literacy (ESL) programs anddevelop specialistprograms for peoplewithlong- Evaluate theeffectiveness of existing EnglishasaSecondLanguage residents Assess thescaleof low literacy amonglong-term African Victorian belonging innew environments critical andcreative thinking,andbecomeadaptable, resilient andfind Design tailored, inquiry-based programs thathelpadultsto develop › › facilitating access to paidwork experience opportunities all levels encouraging themto applyfor jobsintheVictorian Public Serviceat

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 30 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 31 WELLBEING FOCUS AREA 4: HEALTH AND steps to live ahealthy, active andsafe life. with African heritage to take informed organisations more willsupport people of African heritage andfunded and localgovernments, practitioners Collaborative efforts between state responsive to diverse needs. approaches andservicesthatare if addressed early, andsupported through Poor healthandwellbeing canbeavoided andtreatment.the rightsupport poor healthandwellbeing, andto seek understand thecauses andsymptoms of responsive serviceshelpspeopleto Accessible, clearinformation, and Victorians. to healthcare, isabasic rightfor all Good healthandwellbeing, andaccess and physical wellbeing Improving social,emotional › › Proposed outcomes › › › › › › adults life for allchildren, young peopleand Good mental healthand quality of free from abuse, violenceandfear women, areparticularly safe andlive All Victorians of African heritage, literacy andoutcomes heritage andleadto improved health the needsof Victorians of African Tailored andresponsive servicesmeet young peopleandadults Good physical healthfor allchildren, disease and chronic Physical health Mental health TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › good hygiene practices, sexual health,nutrition andexercise increase healthknowledge andprevent chronic disease, such ason anddeliver community focused educationprogramsCo-design that Ensure languageisnotabarrierto accessing mental healthservices and access mental healthservices Elders, community leaders, faith leaders helpcommunities know about experienced trauma dueto war Better members support of theolderAfrican communities whohave service delivery systems for thosewhodonotunderstand thepublic,private andnotfor profit Provide interpreter servicesand/or alternate modesof communication experience unresolved trauma Build thehealthsystem’s capacityto meettheneedsof peoplewho and expectations onyoung people Design mental health programs inclusive of family values, traditions mental healthissues Better peopleinthecommunity who have support criticalorsevere community basedprograms Fund communities to deliver mental healthservicesthrough socialand mental health Ensure mental healthpractitioners understand cultural perspectives of overall wellbeing prevention, are culturally sensitive andappropriate, andsupport Review andensure government mental healthservicesfocus on services Analyse mental healthneedsandreview available mental health tailored responses Review suicide rates amongVictorians of African heritage anddesign Improve to support young peopleinmental healthfacilities youngparticularly andoldergenerations and encourage greater understanding between communities, Create safe spacesto talk openlyandpubliclyaboutmental health, stigma of mental health Deliver culturally appropriate educationprograms thataddress the mothers, singleparents andpeopleatrisk as away to increase wellbeing andbelongingfor young women, young Increase access to andrecreational sport opportunities, particularly more affordable for children andyoung people, soccer particularly Better thesustainability support clubsandmake of localsporting sport to excel through insport increased accessibility Create pathways for young people, girlsandyoung particularly women, health system Support peopleto understand andbeableto confidentlyaccess the prostate cancer, breast cancerandcervical Improve awareness around gettingtested for certain cancers, such as culturally appropriate andsensitive Ensure healthinformation isprovided indiverse languages, andis

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 32 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 33 Family violence TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › reforms are accessible to Victorians from African communities reforms to prevent andrespond to family violenceandensure thatall Align future work underthisplanwiththeVictorian Government’s family violence Review and tailor how policeengagewithfamilies withinthecontext of appropriate Men’s Behavioural Changeprograms or men’s sheds Support mento changeperspectives such asthrough culturally relationships Develop programs to menandencourage support respectful communities Ensure Hubsconsiderboththephysical andserviceneedsof African needs of culturally diverse communities Ensure theCommonRiskAssessment Framework istailored to the respond to victimsandfamilies andsupport Train community andreligious leaders onhow to appropriately connections Help sociallyisolated women to increase theirresilience and homeless dueto family violence Help African Victorian collectives to peoplewhohave support become appropriate prevention services Provide afoundation for ongoingreflection to ensure culturally services andthecommunity Empower women experiencing family violenceto seekassistance from sensitive individual andfamily experience Ensure serviceproviders are culturally responsive andprovide a communities, includingMuslim families Use bestpractice modelsto inform specialistresponses to diverse violence Use socialmediato helppromote awareness of preventing family and servicesto ensure they meetdiverse cultural needs Review andtailor earlyintervention andprevention policies, programs collaboratively withservices through community liaisonofficers whocan work independentlyand Improve knowledge of family violenceacross communities, such as heritage whoexperience family violence Better understand thesituation andneedsof peoplewithAfrican accountability Change theculture around violenceinthehomethrough perpetrator controlling behaviours constructs thatcreate power imbalances andcancause violentand Bring communities together to talk aboutgenderinequality, andthe families Strengthening the Elderly Seniors and at risk Young people TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › resolve intergenerational such asthrough: conflict, Support communities andfamilies to have respectful relationships and dignity Consider optionsto safeguard andensure that the elderly can agewith agedcare services Consider theviabilityof ethno-specific Improve agedcare servicesto African elderlyby: elderly andpeoplewithdisabilitiesthrough at homecare services Improve thecultural appropriateness andsensitivityof working with Ensure athomerespite care for theelderlyistailored to needs and working withyoung people Community leaders youth support senseof belongingby listening to comfortable andcanpursue theirinterests Create spaceswhere young people, whoare struggling,feel members whoare atrisk Increase families’ resilience andabilityto theiryoung support family confidence Involve young peopleinfindingnew ways to helpthembuildskillsand parents, fathers, particularly inAustralia Implement tailored mentoring programs for young peoplewithout Support mentoring programs for young people, runby young people crime and young people, thatincrease thesafety of youth andreduce youth Support earlyintervention andprevention initiatives, ledby community substance abuse and/or mental illnesses therapeutic programs, such asfor young peoplewhostrugglewith Support andincrease access to quality andculturally appropriate in diversion programs Help communities to effectively respond to young andsupport people Support families livinginpublic housing to access services services andcommunity supports Support parents, singlemothers, particularly to access available common andpositive values initiatives to resolve conflict andstrengthen relationships using Based onresearch andevaluation, implementearlyintervention values andtraditions withchildren’s expectations on how African parents raise children inAustralia, andreconcile family In collaboration withgovernment andacademia,undertake research resolve conflict and enjoy experiences that broaden role structures and prevent or Help families –young people, parents andgrandparents –to connect › › › › › › › › alternative dispute resolution pathways and otherspecialists tailored (psycho-social) programs thatinvolve family, practitioners children thatcause conflict programs thatdevelop parents’ skillsto manage situations with health andbetter for support LGBTI people issues, such asyouth culture, drugs, alcohol,teen pregnancy, mental positive parenting programs runby communities thattackle current better elderlywithoutorwithlimited supporting assets care providers between families,enhancing partnerships communities andaged ensuring servicesare culturally sensitive andappropriate circumstances such asdisability ensuring servicesare tailored to specificneeds, including complex

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 34 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 35 AND EMPOWERMENT FOCUS AREA 5: INCLUSION and to belong. included, hastherightto bethemselves, mobility orsituation, everyone shouldfeel sexual orientation, ethnicity, proximity, Irrespective of gender, age, religion, its forms. people, andrejecting discriminationinall welcoming, engagingandincludingall playacriticalrolein particular in personal wellbeing. Community leaders it cangreatly affect community and from communities because of prejudice, When someoneexperiences isolation relations isvery large. the group of peopleconsidered to be relationships are highlyvalued, and In African cultures, interpersonal culture andcommunity. relationships andsenseof connectionto shaped by theirexperiences, interests, Each person hastheirown unique identity a strong andcohesive society. rights isfundamental ifwe are to remain circumstances, andrespecting these regardless of theirbackground or Every Victorian hasequal rights, andinclusion participation opportunities, andincreasing Supporting equal rightsand › › › Proposed outcomes › › › › › actively participates inthecommunity Everyone issociallyengagedand themselves freely Everyone feels empowered to express forms of discrimination individual identitiesandreject all Communities are inclusive, embrace Women are respected andempowered New arrivals sexuality Gender and Elderly Seniors andthe disabilities People with TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › community across allagegroups Increase acceptance of LGBTI peopleandrelationships inthe embrace LGBTI people Support initiatives thatencourage peopleto buildunderstanding and sexual orientation Bring communities together to talk openlyaboutdifferent genderand younger generations Support initiatives thatincrease engagementwiththeelderlyand technology, thosewithlower Englishabilities particularly Support seniors andtheelderlyto becomemore confidentin using elderly Expand advocacy for servicesandcommunity support seniors andthe available services Find new ways of ensuring seniors andtheelderlyknow about improve existing services Analyse theneedsof seniors andtheelderlydesignnew or feel includedandto participate fully insociety that meetcommonneeds, increase networks, themto andthatsupport Work withcarers andpeoplewithadisabilityto designlocalservices disability Strengthen informal andformal networks of carers andpeoplewitha Victorians withadisability Ensure disabilityservicesare accessible andmeettheneedsof African Increase advocacy for support peoplewithdisabilities understanding abouttheNationalDisabilityInsurance Scheme they mayneed,for example, provide information to increase Better engagecarers andpeoplewithadisabilityabouttheservices strategy for African communities Work withcommunities to develop aregional settlementandmigration factors of secondarymigration Research anddesignprograms to proactively address push andpull can bemore quickly connected to ongoingemployment inregionalparticularly Victoria, to ensure they are well-supported and Involve communities indecisionsaboutwhere new arrivals settle, environments Support young peopleto manageculture shockandadaptto theirnew Build theleadership capacityof newcomers to Victoria them orientate to of thecommunity andbecomepart order newly arrived support peoplefrom African countriesandhelp Ensure staff delivering servicesare reflective of Victoria’s diversity in

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 36 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 37 System People inJustice gender equality Women and Child Protection TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › women andsinglemothers and empower themto bewhothey want to be, young particularly Design anddeliver localprograms andinitiatives women thatsupport young women Expand women’s empowerment programs, for Muslim particularly connection andwellbeing Work withwomen, church groups andserviceproviders to increase Bring communities together to talk openlyaboutgenderequality releasepeople after Work withtheparole board to improve theengagementof young Use ‘consequence’ messaging insupervision Better connectyoung peopleto educationonrelease consistent points of information in thejustice system, such asthrough counselling andcentral and Provide culturally appropriate to support families whosechildren are Victoria programs andservices, such as: backgrounds, to of existing becomepart Youth Justice andCorrections Support andtrain more people, includingpeoplefrom diverse Ensure staff inthejustice system are reflective of Victoria’s diversity on community orders andonrelease Design initiatives thatprovide response whileincustody, andsupport prevent reoffending, such asorientation custody to helpthemnavigate theirway backinto thecommunity and Ensure practical isgiven support to young peopleuponrelease from social connection andincreasingaccommodation, findingemployment, cultural and into society, withafocus onpreventing reoffending, stabilising Review andtailor servicesto support promote long-term re-integration culturally appropriate Review andexpand diversionary programs thatare well-rounded and Increase cultural connectionfor children inout-of-home-care Develop cross-cultural awareness inchildprotection services mothers orsinglemothers Expand supported playgroups young for allwomen, butparticularly Commonwealth entitlements Fill servicegapsfor women whoholdtemporary visaandare accessing isolated from parents Review and improve to support young peoplewhoare withoutor children orwhoare isolated Improve access to Englishtraining thosewith for women, particularly › › › activities delivered inprisonsandYouth Justice centres formal visitation, mentoring andcasemanagementprograms andpost-releasepre- programthe independentsupport for allegedoffenders andfamilies Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 38 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 39 COHESION AND CONNECTION FOCUS AREA 6: LEADERSHIP, and prosperous future. have anopportunity to create abright leaders andyoung people, communities and skills, especiallyamongpotential By working together to buildknowledge and culture. remain connected to family, community in broader society, it’s alsoimportant to important for everyone to findtheirplace family andcommunity. Andwhileitis responsibility andrespect for elders, Most peoplehave astrong senseof state even stronger. feel accepted andto helpmake our strong desire to contribute to society, Victorians of African heritage have a society stronger connectionsacross communities, andcreating and cohesionwithin Building effective leadership › › Proposed outcomes › › › › › › across society are partners, influencers andleaders More Victorians withAfrican heritage solves issues that proactively prioritises, plansand Unified andempowered communities for theirfuture connect andmake informed decisions Young peopleare nurtured to lead, traditions andvalues and feel connected to theirculture, People have astrong senseof identity TOPIC PROPOSED ACTIONS

Community ›› Community leaders design new models and structures of leadership that: leadership ›› lead to coordinated action across communities through a (peak body) structure that is representative of local communities/groups from different backgrounds and with different focus ›› promote opportunities for people with leadership potential to develop and contribute to the community ›› Support communities to design initiatives that promote self-reflection and self-improvement for its members ›› Actively empower women of all ages to become leaders ›› Increase the number of female leaders across all communities and organisations ›› Communities to work more closely with the Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission regarding advocacy services ›› Improve engagement between communities and government ›› Facilitate opportunities for communities to participate in robust, strategic government decision-making ›› Include more Victorians of African heritage on boards, advisory bodies, and committees ›› Where services are delivered to African communities, promote partnerships between funded organisations and African organisations that are genuine and equal, and where project decisions are community-led ›› Build the ability of community organisations and groups to meet recognised or accredited service standards ›› Ensure funding guidelines enable African Victorian organisations to compete effectively ›› Support community-led projects by running grants rounds that are more accessible and include more people Knowledge ›› Support the community to build knowledge on: sharing and ›› African communities, organisations and services coordination ›› data analysis and research ›› central community resources ›› information and connections across communities ›› advice to government, private and civic sectors ›› Across sectors, map all programs and services that support Victorians of African heritage ›› Run courses on leadership, governance, conflict resolution, project management and management ›› Support government policies, strategies and communications to reflect the cultural diversity of its population ›› Use online and social media platforms better to educate and empower community members ›› Consolidate community expertise and talent pools of people that can design and implement projects within the community, as well as with funded organisations and other sectors ›› Circulate a directory of African Victorian professionals and organisations ›› Improve data collection and analysis on critical issues affecting communities ›› Governments and other partners to release available data to allow planning, delivery and evaluation of actions Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 41 communities Cohesion across facilities Infrastructure and Young people TOPIC › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › PROPOSED ACTIONS › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › › learn anddevelop skills heritage withyoung peoplefrom otherdiverse communities to grow, Fund state-wide programs thatconnectyoung peopleof African belonging andpromote socialcohesion Support initiatives across thestate thatincrease youth senseof structured development programs Better engageandconnectyoung peopleto government through culture shockandbecomeleaders Equip young peoplewiththeskillsandknowledge to manageconflict, for young people Tailor andexpand activity-based leadership andmentoring programs positive role models Across all sectors, give young peopleopportunities to leadandbecome councils oryouth-led conferences orevents Help young such as through peopleto state connect, wideyouth those whoare struggling Give young peoplewidereaching platforms to beheard, including diversity Invest increative community projects andcelebrations thatpromote communities andbroader society Explore optionsto buildunderstanding, respect andtrust between and localactivities people, communities and governments, includingthrough dialogue Support initiatives thatbuildunderstanding andtrust between young Share thehistory of Africans andcreate platforms to share stories large events, localactivitiesandspecificprograms communities andothercommunities across Victoria, such asthrough Increase engagementandunderstanding between African differing experiences andvalues Provide platforms for olderandyounger generations to discuss development andsupport anddeliverCo-develop training to multi-faith leaders incommunity breakdown barriers andprejudices Bring communities together to talk openlyaboutsensitive issues and engagement orreduce wellbeing Establish ‘one-stop shops’ thatholisticallyaddress issues thatprevent expression of diverse African cultures andidentities Establish multipurpose centres thatconnectcommunities andenable and infrastructure by: Improve access to government meeting spaces ororganisation-owned times whenthey want to use them Ensure youth centres drop-in andoutreach programs are openat people outsideschoolhours Simplify access to councilandgovernment owned premises for young › › allowing hire ataffordable rates better coordinating information regarding available venues TOPIC PROPOSED ACTIONS

Media ›› Lift the public profile of people who others can relate and aspire to ›› Bring awareness to Africa as a continent, its diversity and connection to Australia’s socio-economic relations ›› Facilitate stronger relationships with journalists and media outlets to highlight good news stories ›› Communities to co-invest in cross-community media platforms that: ›› provide an alternative positive narrative and voice ›› fairly communicate relevant information and knowledge ›› share positive stories Understanding of ›› Increase communities’ knowledge of their rights, responsibilities and Australian law and protections in Australian law, such as: engagement with ›› employment law authorities ›› criminal law ›› civil law and consumer affairs ›› family and child protection law ›› human rights law and frameworks ›› Provide legal services that educate people, with a focus on prevention, early intervention and rehabilitation ›› Provide culturally appropriate legal aid services to communities ›› Improve awareness of Australia’s democratic systems and institutions, including the courts ›› Increase parents’ knowledge of how the justice system functions and improve interactions between young people and the justice system ›› Build trust and knowledge between local police, families and young people, such as through: ›› sharing cultural knowledge and understanding with police ›› greater recruitment and retention of culturally diverse police officers ›› accessible education programs for women, young people that build knowledge on the role of police, and rights and responsibilities of residents Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 43 COMMON THEMES of implementation. principles thatwillguidethenext steps These themesidentifycommon improving knowledge andevidence. building skillsthrough and partnerships; andbetterparticipation services; three commonthemesemerged: better actions inthisplanwere determined, As thefocus areas andproposed Proposed Common Principles by communities, inoutreach. people, whoare trusted andaccepted technology, such asinvolving more use othermeansof outreach beyond communicating withpeople. We should using better ways of reaching and improved. Thiscanbeachieved by connection to servicesneeds to be Communities’ knowledge of and situation. issues relate often to aperson’s family and diverse backgrounds. Inmany cases, on havingvery different experiences, approaches to managingissues, based African communities use different needs of theperson using them. must beflexible andadaptable to the among others, for thepublic.Programs health, education,employment services, Governments spendalotof money on and evaluation of program andservices. heritage inthedesign,delivery, review by involving more Victorians of African Better serviceoutcomes canbeachieved 1. › › › › › ›

services Better andbetter participation that focus on African communities and integrate systems andservices Across governments, better coordinate processes andco-review co-delivery co-design, and program management through African heritage inpolicy making by involving more Victorians of are culturally responsive, including Ensure allprograms andservices interpreters andimproving outreach services, such asby using theright Improve knowledge anduptake of › › › › › Proposed CommonPrinciples standards. organisations to meetrecognised help to buildtheability of community with otherpartners, governments can across sectors andcommunities. Along existing andmake partnerships new ones Communities shouldstrengthen their across communities canbuildtheirskills. partnerships, peopleandorganisations is central to this.Through stronger Building stronger now partnerships they cantake theleadinmore ways. to buildtheirskillsand knowledge so make communities more self-reliant, Over time, theAction Planaimsto 2. › › › › ›

partnerships Building skillsthrough across African communities information andshare knowledge Better coordinate thecollectionof communities that engagemore peopleacross Support community ledprojects accredited servicestandards and groups to meetrecognised or Support community organisations thetrainer’ or ‘train networks, such ascoaching,mentoring that are activity-based andexpand Use learningorengagementmodels community-led equal, andwhere project decisionsare organisations thatare genuine and funded organisations andAfrican Promote between partnerships › › › Proposed CommonPrinciples take more informed action. information, peopleto whichwillsupport need to better coordinate andshare violence incidents.Communities also to report sensitive issues, such asfamily to complete surveys andfeel confident peoplewithlow Englishskills supporting to improve thereliability of data by in Australia. Communities canhelp account for younger generations born and considerethnicity, whichdoesnot communities needsto bemore consistent Data collectionaboutculturally diverse in issues affecting African communities. contributed to there beinglittlechange Poor data collectionandanalysis has 3. › › ›

evidence Improving knowledge and actions planning, delivery andevaluation of Better share information to allow issues affecting communities Build theevidence baseoncritical sharing across African communities Improve knowledge andinformation

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 44 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 45 THE WAY FORWARD well as short andmedium-termwell asshort priorities. planning to decideimmediate actions, as Long-term changewill require careful academia andcivilsociety. private sector, industries, philanthropy, all sides–andmany across partners the fromand support allgovernments –of collaborationwill needparticipation, achieved inisolation.Thenext phases are connected, changecannotbe As thefocus areas andcommonthemes just thestart. immediate andlastingchange. But thisis communities want andneedto make This Action Plancaptures what FIGURE 6: THE WAY FORWARD Refocus for next four year period Report Monitor, Measure, throughout four Communities Communities year period Action Plan Action Plan Consult and Evaluate Ongoing African Analyse 2017/18

Implementation Implement From 2018 progress. topartners take thenbuildon stock, phased into four year periods, allowing recommend thatimplementation be In creating thisAction Plan,theAMWG term delivery. Victorian Government to long- support kind, andongoingcommitmentfrom the from partners, bothfinancialandin- It willalsorequire significantinvestment Plan Co-investment Resources by partners Confirm to explain how they cancontribute. of skills, andenableany interested person should beopenlyselected, draw onamix sexual orientation. Representatives characteristics such asdisabilityand and, asmuch aspossible, other gender, age, religion, Victorian locations, African regions, anddifferent ethnicity, making sure members represent all reflect allcommunities. Thismeans Community representation shouldfairly transparent andfairly made. and whowilldeliver actions–are aboutfunding decisions –particularly remainparticular accountable. Also, governments andcommunities in The structure shouldensure that Governance structure approach from thebeginning. and establish astrong partnership This structure willoversee implementation arrangement to theAction support Plan. design andimplementaninclusive Communities andgovernment should 1. initiatives. delivered through existing ornew with eachproposed actionbeing the AMWGto helpguideimplementation, Three prioritieshave beenidentified by trying. However, thisshouldnotdeter us from effort over alongperiod. achieving changewilltake sustained Addressingpartners. theissues and are many proposed actionsandseveral Implementation willnotbeeasy. There Priorities for implementation term, andlearnaswe go. collaboratively, thinklong We needto plan

partnerships Strong governance and › › › should include: and African communities, otherpartners Aside from theVictorian Government closely withandfor African communities. and bodies, whoare already working There are many people, organisations in-kind support. delivery of actionsthrough financialand the shouldleadorsupport Each partner their role andresponsibilities. equal, andagree andclearlyunderstand priority. Further, shouldbe allpartners African heritage shouldremain thefirst The views andneedsof allVictorians with Role of partners managed. as conflict of interest, must becarefully Issues thatcanderail progress, such through ayouth committee. way to guideimplementation, such as Young peopleshouldhave aseparate › › › › › › › groups and community organisations and ethno-specific, mainstream, specialist, the civilsector, whichincludes services to many people directly withandprovides many whichinteractslocal government, funding many core services responsible for resettlement andfor Commonwealth whichis Government, organisations faith leaders andfaith-based sectors private, philanthropic andacademic

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 46 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 47 › › › › › knowledge on: Support thecommunity to build Building anevidence base available data. require better access to andanalysis of topartners measure success. Thiswill timelines for delivering actionswillenable Setting priorities, indicators, targets and 3. reports onprogress. reviewing specificservicesorhearing innew initiatives,sons –participating fathers, sisters, brothers, daughters and – grandmothers, grandfathers, mothers, example, thiscouldinvolve communities to seehow changeisbeingmade. For and enablepeopleacross communities Engagement shouldbeactionfocused, opportunity to participate inways they can. the rightto beheard andto begiven an communities, inalllocations.Everyone has it willbeimportant to engageacross all Throughout implementation, however, faith leaders. resolve conflictthrough elders and communication. Africans engageand especially elders, are vital for effective to raise achild.”Community leaders, Africans believe “ittakes awholevillage 2. › › › › ›

and reporting onprogressand reporting Measuring, monitoring, evaluating Victoria Engaging communities across and policy makers. connecting communities, academia responsive policies, and reporting gapsanddevelop to partners supporting address heritage to collectand analyse data fieldstaffsupporting of African success duringimplementation monitoring, reporting andevaluating with robust indicators andtargets developing adata collectionsystem, communities. ensure progress istangible andvisibleto willalso Reporting is goodparticipation. models, withafocus onmakingsure there projects anddelivering evaluation Communities couldbeinvolved inpiloting approach. select themostappropriate evaluative unchartered), willdiscuss partners and that data collectioninthisarea islargely cohesion, andinclusion issues (and given nature of Victorian-African settlement, impact. Given thecomplex cross-cutting if theactionsare havingtheintended Evaluation willensure know partners the Action Plan. ensure accountability for actionslinked to Multicultural Policy Statement, andwill announced intheVictorian Government’s Multicultural Affairs Outcomes Framework consistent withthewholeof government guide implementation. Thiswillbe and framework willbedeveloped to A monitoring andevaluation strategy Monitoring, evaluation andreporting dependency amongsomeothers. the workforce. Thismayreduce welfare to work shouldbesupported to re-enter have young children. Mothers whowant in theworkforce, especiallywhenthey women inAfrican communities to be thereOften isnoencouragement for other issues. outandthiscanleadtomay feel left employment. Asaresult young people are two of thebiggestbarriers to youth Lack of work experience andlife skills greatest employment barriers. people whotraditionally have hadthe opportunities for themothers andyoung term program. Itstarts with providing and cannotfully be achieved inany short starts attheearliestlevel of education Africans are jobready. jobs. Theissue liesinmakingsure young High unemployment isnotdueto alackof Employment African continent. economicrelationshipssupport withthe knowledge of business inAfrica and Communities alsoneedto increase their businesses. in amicro market to larger, viable and training to move from small business communities needprofessional advice developed over generations. African Most Africans have entrepreneurial skills Business DURING CONSULTATIONS PROVIDED BY COMMUNITY MEMBERS APPENDIX A: SUMMARY OF ISSUES

To bejobready seeking andwhatthey canoffer. employers, andlearnwhatemployers are informal opportunities to engagewith especially young people, need particularly break down barriers. African jobseekers, prospective employers to connectcan opportunities for jobseekers and Providing informal andformal women whowear religious dress. bycommunities, particularly young workplace isfelt strongly across African in recruitment practices andinthe practices. Unfortunately, discrimination using inclusive recruitment andretention policeandhuman services,as courts, clientfacing professionsparticularly such pursuit canbeassisted by employers, diversity of theVictorian society. This to executive levels, to better reflect the diversity of theirworkplaces, from entry across allsectors needto increase the The Victorian Government andemployers

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 48 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 49 inappropriate adviceandreferrals. they are notcapable, whichleadsto Some students are given theimpression Victorian children and young people. skills assessment applied to African there biasedorstereotyped isoften learning growth of children. Somefeel which are negatively impactingonthe and practices ineducationalsettings, There canbealackof cultural awareness families andstudents to education. actual, isimpacting ontheconnectionof Discrimination andracism, perceived or education system. simply noteducated abouttheVictorian home learningenvironment. Someare education, includingby providing agood institutions andto theirchildren’s support struggle to engagewitheducational levels of educationandlanguagebarriers, Some parents, dueto theirexperiences, into themainstream schoolingsystem. reduce culture shockandimprove transition an uncertain future. More shouldbedoneto to becomingdisengaged from learningand lead anti-social behaviourwhichcanoften challenge themselves. Somemayengagein they maynotfeel motivated orinclinedto may alsoaffect theirsocialdevelopment as formal, fundamental education.Thisissue but are limited often because of theirlackof example, becomingadoctor orengineer) expectations intheirpursuit of acareer (for socially andmentally. Somemayhave high the young person’s development both present itselfasanissue asitaffects continental movement. Thiscanoften disrupted educationdueto trans- Many young peoplehave experienced independent thinkers. to theirfull potential, ascapableand from theeducationsystem to develop heritage mayneedtailored support Children andyoung peopleof African levels of learninganddevelopment. Many African children are atdifferent Education andtraining ready. childrenOften, are therefore notschool to learninggrowth. support grandparents whomaynotbeequipped and use of informal care, such aswith enrolments inearlychildhoodcentres for mothers to work leadsto reduced Lack of affordability andtheneed early childhoodcentres andkindergarten. African heritage are under-represented in early childhoodeducation.Children with the value of andare notconnected to In Australia, someparents donotsee traditions shouldbemore highlyvalued. school age. First language, customs and of theAfrican childinthehomeuntil language dominates theearlyyears Africa’s oral traditions andlearningfirst Early years mediated components of thecurriculum. skills andmake links withtheEnglish deepen andbroaden theirconceptual atalllevelssupport willassist learners to andmaintenance.support EAL, andwhere possible first language and linguistics-informed teaching of shouldatleastincludetargetedsupport to move into themainstream sector. This language courses for students of allages provide sufficient grounding inintensive appropriately withothersectors and Education content needsto link the curriculumto itsfullest extent. participate fully ineducation andaccess academic Englishandliteracy to grade appropriate levels of spoken It iscriticalthatallstudents achieve with theAustralian educationsystem. disrupted educationandare unfamiliar for newly arrived students whohave had disadvantage. the case This is particularly placesthematalearning support, to age, withoutadditionalandtailored with African heritage inschoolaccording Enrolling somechildren andyoung people School

First language address thisissue. families, whichiswhy itisimportant to great influenceontheirchildren and education andtraining. Mothers are a mothers and singleparents to pursue Greater shouldbegiven support to single parenthood. educationorarefurther overwhelmed by sometimes alsonotencouraged to seek to raise theirchildren. Singleparents are the view beingtheironlyrole orpastimeis mothers to education,with seekfurther thereOften isalackof emphasis on in community life. understanding of andtheirengagement literacy, develop resilience andfoster guidance andtraining to improve their Some adultsneedadditional Adult learning areas donothave schoolprograms. after teachers. SomehighlyAfrican populated an over-reliance onvolunteers, including and spacesto holdprograms. There is do notlastbecause of lackof funding learning growth. However, many programs programs to theirchildren’s support Many families rely school onafter catered for. and donotfeel adequately recognised or or alackof intheireducation, support Some students report low expectations their career aspirations. to choosesubjects thatdonotalignwith teachers inclass. They are alsoforced not understand orfeel understood by drop outof schoolbecause they do Some students withAfrican heritage andpolicy.language support and pastoral care are alsoinfluenced by Home/school relations, andwidersocial programs isneeded. and to develop sector-wide policiesand into theproblem of diabetes, itscauses, and obesity, are major risks. Research consequences, such astype2diabetes Poor nutrition andrelated avoidable risky behaviour. influences such as family andschool,or abuse, moving away from positive differently, such asthrough substance is stillanissue butitmaypresent itself For theyounger generation, mental health social andemotionalwellbeing. language barriers, thiscanreduce their some are notsupported. Coupledwith Australia. Amongtheoldergeneration, confusion andprejudice oncehere in Australia orfrom feeling isolated, cultural in homecountries, ontheirjourney to various sources; from events experienced their children. Trauma manifest from transfer to andimpactthewellbeing of Trauma thatisaffecting adultscan adding anotherlevel of complexity. is notevident inothermigrant groups, migrants bringalevel of trauma that both young andold.Many new African all members of African communities, Mental healthisanissue thataffects Mental health mental health. health andfactors thatcontribute to poor beliefs andpractices towards mental workforce knowledge, attitudes, cultural lack of robust evidence onpatientand management. For example, there isa appropriate andeffective diagnosisand there islittledata to guideculturally and Victorians of African heritage, but of mental healthamongmigrant Africans disproportionate andsubstantial burden Information System hasidentifieda isolation. TheHealthManagement research inVictoria largely work in Health systems, policy andclinical Health

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 50 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 51 and opendialogueto discuss such issues. work together to establish asafe space issues. Parents andthecommunity can againfacing mental with thissecret, health sexuality; othertimesthey chooseto live form of mental illness because of their homelesshave orsuffering beenleft some can beanissue. Too young often people African homeexpressing one’s sexuality the cultural andreligious influenceinan people face inthecommunity. Dueto Exploring identityisanotherissue young for theirlives. eachyoungsupport person’s aspirations the community shouldwork together to career progression. Parents, schoolsand to fulfil theirparents’ goalsin terms of not besubjected to feeling theneed person shouldtake. Young peopleshould strong aboutthecareer pathstheyoung issue whencertain parents are head and poetry;thispresents itselfasan want to pursue careers inwriting, acting heavily involved spaceand inthearts their identity. Someyoung peopleare supported inexpressing andexploring by technology butare notalways mainstream societyandconnectreadily Young peoplewant to of be part Identity, connections addressing theirissues. the behalfof young peoplewithout truly unelected spokespersons advocating on resulted inmisguidedyoung peopleand damaging effect incommunities. Ithas young person’s lackof voice hashada makers untilthey are independent.The are expected to betheirchild’s decision- elder’s perspective. Culturally, parents been neglected orarticulated from an Too thevoice often of young peoplehas Young people their stories. spaces where peopleare invited to share with mainstream mediato create open response. Communities canalsowork negative mediawithfacts andaunified can organise together to counter act ‘sense of belonging’. Communities negatively affect African Victorians’ This typeof portrayal canalso inthecommunity.and participating affect somepeopleseekingemployment create stereotypes, whichunfortunately whole African community. Thesestories Negative mediaportrayal canaffect the Media andidentity is relayed, beyond internet andemail. important to diversify theway information and distributed infrequented places.Itis should betranslated inmainlanguages point of knowledge sharing.Information However, they should notbetheonly passing information to theircommunity. Leaders have animportant role in attract community participation. the programs donothave theoutreach to the community to access them.Further, times orplacesthatmake itdifficult for available, quite they often are offered in are someeffective anduseful programs the abilityto participate. Whilethere withoutincreasingdemand participation to reach. Second,many programs often diversity of communities they are trying real understanding of theneedsand implemented from the‘topdown’, without servicesare often designedand First, programs andservicesdonotwork well. There are three often reasons why Access to services who hasgotten introuble. away from themember of theirfamily shame to thefamily. Families mayturn justice system, it canbeseenasbringing When afamily memberisinvolved inthe problem willbeforgotten. respond to communications, hopingthe to respond withinatimeframe ornot People maynotunderstand theneed to them,complex anddifficult English. help themunderstand whatcanbe, reluctant to share itwiththosewhomight of anxietyandshame, makingthem the government canbringasense authorities meanstrouble. Aletter from from cultures where any contact with In many cases, African migrants come andpolice.including courts Justice System, andotherauthorities major concernsaboutengagingwiththe Some African communities alsohave knowledge abouttheJustice System. African migrants comewithlittle and authorities Engagement withtheJustice System little hasbeenachieved. provide services, yet insomecasesvery African community organisations to governments have previously supported are expected to help. At thesametime, the real needsof thecommunities they focused ontickingboxes thanmeeting lack cultural competency andare more the community sufficiently well. They poor results because they know don’t the African community butwhoachieve service providers whoare funded to help There isgeneral dissatisfaction with prevent reoffending. people andprovide to ongoingsupport communities canform relationships with ofwith thesupport relevant training, better access to centres andprisons, how they couldlive abetter life. Through them to thinkabouttheirfuture and leaving thejustice system to encourage Programs canbeestablished for people between communities andthepolice. system. Trust needsto beestablished Australian andthejustice laws, courts to address low level of awareness of have improved, more must bedone between policeandthejustice system Although inrecent years, relationships nurture better relationships. need to families support to build and conversation onfamily violence. They gender equality. They must leadapublic take astand of andspeakinsupport Leaders across allcommunities must the wholefamily to prevent andrespond. be putinplaceto empower andsupport affected to speakout.Strategies should competence to encourage peoplewhoare Service providers canlackcultural supported themselves. women, butneedtosupporting be Young peoplecanplayarole in families andcommunity. particularly, of bringingshameto their because they are afraid of authorityand, African families donotcallpolice often violence are reluctant to speakup. speaks out.Women experiencing family biggest issues isthatalmostnoone among African families. Oneof the Family violenceisanincreasing concern inequality Family violenceandgender

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 52 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 53 differences. agencies needto remain aware of cultural government andfunded departments is criticalto and resolving conflict, to raise achild.”Inthiscontext, mediation Africans believe “ittakes awholevillage communication. especially elders, are vital for effective and faith leaders. Community leaders, Africans resolve conflictthrough elders Families andcommunities homes into thepublic. need to bringtheseconversations outof people withdisabilitiesneed.Communities thatcarersand thespecific support and among families, thelower status of women, health, sexual orientation, gender, violence people across communities –mental sensitive issues. Theseissues affect many are reluctant to talk publiclyabout Many peopleacross African communities empowerment sotheirvoices are heard. – men,women andchildren –need intergenerational Thewholefamily rift. Language gapsare increasing the CONTRIBUTORS BY SUBMISSION APPENDIX B: LIST OF 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 No OneTribe Inc. South EastCommunity Links Greater Luo, SouthSudanese community Ethnic Communities Councilof Victoria African Women’s and Families Network Lorna Deng Miriam H.Marembo Afro-Australian Student Organisation Marta Marot Patricia Kimtia City of Darebin, DarebinSpeak iEmpower Youth Inc. cohealth Park Towers Tenant ManagementInc. LGAs African Communities Workgroup Discussions regarding Action Draft Plan City of Melbourne, Cityof Melton, Cityof Moreland andCityof Yarra Metropolitan MelbourneAfrican Australian Workshop Maribyrnong CityCouncil,of Stonington andCityof Melbourne City of Casey, BrimbankCityCouncil,Melton CityCouncil,Wyndham CityCouncil,Dandenong Banyule CityCouncil African Family Services Josef Szwarc Community inAbundanceInc. Afri-Aus Care Inc. Betty Belay Jesuit SocialServices African Australia Communities Leadership Forum African Australian Multicultural Employment andYouth Services Clyde S.Sharady Western Region EthnicCommunities Council James L.Simon Dr ApolloS.Nsubuga-Kyobe Diana Noor Dr Sara Maher, Population,Migration &SocialInclusion, MonashUniversity Siva Sivagnanam Nicola McKay Peter Greiner Name/ organisation/ community

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 54 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 55 APPENDIX C: GLOSSARY OF TERMS Mental illness Mental health LGBTI Justice System Holistic/holistically Gender equality Family violence Faith basedinstitutions Entrepreneur Entrepreneurship/ Empowerment Empowered/ Early schoolleaver Additional Language EAL/ Englishasan abuse abuse/ Substance Drug andalcohol Discrimination Culture responsive appropriate / Culturally sensitive/ Community/ies Cohesion Business people/youth At riskyoung AMWG African Victorian Agency Advocacy Adult education A conditionwhich causes serious disorder inaperson’s behaviourorthinking. A person’s conditionwith regard to theirpsychological andemotionalwell-being. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender andIntersex. sentencing, andpunishingthosewhoare suspected orconvicted of criminaloffenses. The system of lawenforcement thatisdirectly involved inapprehending, prosecuting, defending, reference to thewhole. of somethingareThe belief thattheparts intimately interconnected andexplicable only by The state inwhichaccess to rightsoropportunitiesisunaffected by gender. damage). that causes achildto hear, seeorbeaware of violentacts(e.g. by hearingfights, seeinginjuryor dominates thefamily membercausing themto feel fear. Italsoincludesbehaviourby aperson psychologically abusive, financiallyoreconomicallyabusive, threatening orcoercive, orthat a person towards afamily memberthatisphysically orsexually abusive, emotionallyor The Victorian Family ViolenceProtection Act 2008defines family violenceasbehaviour by Affiliated withorbasedon religion ora religious group. A person whosetsupabusiness orbusinesses, taking onfinancialrisks inthehope of profit. their rights. Make (someone) stronger especiallyincontrolling andmore theirlife andclaiming confident, The departure from schoolof astudent whohasnotcompleted Year 12. initially exposed andcontinues to use athomeorinthecommunity. Someone whosefirst languageisnotEnglish.First languageisthe to whichachild was drug addiction. reduce consumption, and impairmentinsocialoroccupationalfunctioning; broadly, alcoholor Long-term, pathologicaluse of alcoholordrugs, characterized by dailyintoxication, inabilityto race, age, orsex. The unjust orprejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especiallyonthegrounds of social group. The customs, socialinstitutions, arts, andachievements nation,people, of aparticular orother them avalue –positive ornegative, better orworse, rightorwrong. Being aware thatcultural differences andsimilaritiesbetween peopleexist withoutassigning and responsibilities; society. people of adistrictorcountryconsidered collectively, especiallyinthecontext of socialvalues A group characteristic of peoplelivinginthesameplaceorhavingaparticular incommon.The The actionorfact of forming aunited whole. The practice of makingone’s livingby engagingincommerce. A young person whois exposed to harmordanger. African Ministerial Working Group; appointed by theVictorian Government in2016 A Victorian resident whowas borninanAfrican countryorhasAfrican heritage. The capacity, condition,orstate of actingorexerting power over oneself. forPublic support orrecommendation cause of orpolicy. aparticular of knowledge, skills, attitudes, orvalues. A practice inwhichadultsengageinformal, non-accredited training inorder to gainnew forms Youth/ Young people Work experience Wellbeing VET VCE VCAL management behavioural Trauma informed Train thetrainer Sustainability Start up/ startup Social cohesion Sexual orientation School age Racism departments Victorian Government public service/ Sector/ VPS/Victorian Victorian Public Pastoral care Overseas qualification Outcomes framework One stop shop New Arrivals Network(s) Insurance Scheme National Disability Migrants A person generally from 12to 25years of age. Between childhoodandadult age. Short-term experience typicallyarranged of employment, for olderpupilsby schools. The state of beingcomfortable, healthy, orhappy. diploma andadvanced diploma. trades, retail, hospitality andtechnology. Qualifications range from certificate II tocertificate IV, accredited training injobrelated andtechnical skills, covering alarge range of industries like Vocational EducationandTraining: of tertiary educationandtraining thatpart thatprovides training atuniversity or TAFE andto employment. satisfactory completionof Year TheVCE provides 12. diverse pathways to study further or Victorian Certificate of Education:thecertificate thatmost students inVictoria receive on that are important for life andwork. experience, aswell asliteracy andnumeracy skillsandtheopportunity to buildpersonal skills Victorian Certificate of AppliedLearning:gives students in Years 11and12practical work-related behavioural healthservices, from prevention through treatment. An approach thatfocuses onhow trauma mayaffect anindividual’s life andtheirresponse to A learningtechnique thatteaches students to beteachers themselves. The abilityto bemaintained atacertain rate orlevel. fast-growing business thataimsto meetamarketplace need An entrepreneurial venture thatistypicallyanewly emerged, economic prosperity. prosper. ...Socialcohesioncontributes to awidevariety of socialoutcomes such ashealthand The willingness of members of asocietyto cooperate witheachotherinorder to survive and heterosexual, homosexual, orbisexual. A person’s sexual identityinrelation to thegenderto whichthey are attracted; thefact of being the year they start. To12. attend agovernment schoolinVictoria, your childmust befive years of age by 30April of year) to Grade sixattend primaryschool.Victorian secondaryschoolisfrom Year seven to Year All Victorian children agedbetween sixand17must attend school.Grade ‘Prep’ (preparatory the belief thatone’s own race issuperior. Prejudice, discrimination,orantagonism directed againstsomeoneof adifferent race basedon functions. machinery of government thatisresponsible for the oversight andadministration of specific agency, anappointed often commission, isapermanentorsemi-permanentorganization inthe Supports thegovernment of theday inservingtheVictorian community. Agovernment orstate of students andstaff. organisation of aschoolto effectively meetthepersonal, social(wellbeing) andacademicneeds A policy andpractice thatisfully integrated throughout theteaching andlearningstructural in adifferent countryotherthanAustralia. The actionorfact of becomingqualified asa recognised practitioner of aprofession oractivity A resources to helpyou linkwhatyou do(activities) withwhatyou want to achieve (outcomes). A business oroffice oronlinespacewhere multiple servicesare offered. regardless of theirVisastatus. Individuals andfamilies whohave arrived andare living inVictoria for thepastfive years information andcontacts for professional orsocialpurposes. A group orsystem of interconnected peopleorthings;agroup of peoplewhoexchange around 460,000 peopleinAustralia withapermanentorsignificantdisability. A Commonwealth Government initiative established by legislationin2016 thataimsto support conditions. A person whomoves from oneplaceto another, especiallyinorder to find work orbetter living

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 56 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 57 TABLE 1: VICTORIA: PERSONS BORN IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES, 2016 AND 2011 CENSUS APPENDIX D: LIST OF TABLES Rank 2016 22 1 23 2 24 3 25 4 26 5 27 6 28 7 29 8 30 9 31 10 32 11 33 12 34 13 35 14 36 15 37 16 38 17 18 19 20 21

Country of Birth Algeria South Africa Burundi Egypt Congo, Republic of Mauritius Botswana Ethiopia Malawi Sudan Namibia Zimbabwe Tunisia Somalia Mozambique Kenya Guinea South Sudan Cote d’Ivoire Eritrea Rwanda Nigeria Cameroon Libya Djibouti Seychelles Angola Ghana Senegal Zambia Madagascar Congo, Democratic Rep Togo Liberia Uganda Tanzania Morocco Sierra Leone

Persons 13,282 3,904 3,860 27,184 4,694 2,002 2,002 6,368 5,665 2,750 1,036 11,812 1,970 1,970 2016 690 949 666 843 302 246 238 376 253 104 106 169 677 941 581 126 173 251 731 118 93 171 89 59 56 70 Persons 24,447 12,490 11,600 4,489 6,084 2,850 1,008 3,061 3,781 1,130 1,519 2011 500 994 506 496 666 339 566 1,118 234 100 224 292 156 135 185 155 714 137 151 43 48 68 56 92 79 67 87 Change 2011-2016 Persons 2,737 1,632 1,879 1,010 -419 840 843 483 392 100 -45 792 275 913 184 129 212 177 34 34 36 98 84 95 20 53 58 85 28 -11 78 37 14 31 13 12 3 2 % Change 146.0 120.8 60.9 115.6 36.4 34.8 35.4 35.4 30.2 35.6 -11.0 63.2 26.3 28.6 28.8 74.3 37.0 -6.9 -4.5 55.2 25.2 41.9 41.3 31.8 27.5 13.2 24.1 17.7 17.7 11.2 18.1 6.3 5.4 2.9 2.8 17.1 1.8 5.1 This mayalsocause theranking of countriesatthebottom of thelistto vary slightlybetween tables. These adjustments maycause thesum of rows orcolumnsto differ by small amountsfrom table totals. Please note thatthere are small random adjustments madeto allcellvalues to protect theconfidentiality of data. Cells inthistable have beenrandomly adjusted to avoid therelease of confidentialdata. Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Rank 2016 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 54 53

Total Country of Birth Swaziland Gambia Benin Lesotho Reunion Mali Burkina Faso Chad Comoros Gabon Mauritania Niger Central African Republic Equatorial Guinea Western Sahara Guinea-Bissau

Persons 93,851 2016 20 53 29 32 23 25 14 16 17 0 0 0 0 4 6 7 Persons 80,897 2011 68 20 23 10 21 12 17 17 17 11 0 0 4 4 3 3 Change 2011-2016 Persons 12,754 -15 -4 -6 -3 -3 14 15 -1 -1 0 0 4 6 3 5 2 % Change -100.0 -100.0 -60.0 133.3 50.0 127.3 -22.1 -17.6 88.2 -4.8 -5.9 15.0 41.7 26.1

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 58 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 59 TABLE 2: VICTORIA: PERSONS BORN IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES BY YEAR OF ARRIVAL, 2016 CENSUS 26 39 25 12 38 24 11 37 23 10 36 22 9 35 21 8 34 20 7 33 19 6 32 18 5 31 17 4 30 16 3 29 15 2 28 14 1 27 40 13 Rank 2016 Country of Birth Swaziland Burundi Libya Madagascar Botswana Nigeria Togo Congo, Republic of Eritrea Senegal Algeria South Sudan Djibouti Sierra Leone Kenya Angola Morocco Somalia Rwanda Tanzania Zimbabwe Cameroon Uganda Sudan Cote d’Ivoire Liberia Ethiopia Guinea Congo, Democratic Rep Mauritius Mozambique Zambia Egypt Tunisia Ghana South Africa Namibia Gambia Seychelles Malawi Prior to 1941 10 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1941- 2,072 1960 243 256 36 68 28 37 14 14 19 18 18 71 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 9 9 7 7 3,344 3,365 1961- 3,723 1980 354 302 276 514 129 141 115 121 63 20 65 53 26 47 10 22 19 19 19 41 18 51 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 6 3 3 5 3,460 2000 9,442 1981- 2,915 1,758 1,818 605 648 260 264 104 292 146 914 819 165 124 213 44 121 33 45 45 20 38 65 24 47 78 67 27 14 15 11 11 0 0 4 6 5 7 2001- 9,396 2,546 3,554 2,442 2,427 4,130 2,282 2010 1,139 308 1,717 333 260 280 254 256 265 673 525 574 133 178 141 40 118 30 56 53 85 23 97 52 74 75 22 16 31 13 81 17 4 1,044 2011- 4,261 1,750 1,027 2016 1,672 600 903 294 298 1,112 270 748 109 109 143 419 201 120 114 50 43 66 39 68 86 59 70 24 37 37 78 25 27 14 14 21 17 17 3 7 stated 240 Not 392 252 481 192 221 34 112 36 36 26 23 32 76 79 25 22 14 16 13 71 17 11 0 0 0 4 4 4 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 7 7 13,285 2,000 3,903 27,188 4,695 5,664 6,368 Total 11,818 1,034 2,755 3,861 1,972 690 943 302 584 250 249 662 842 248 243 947 100 100 678 729 377 167 175 119 118 60 94 68 171 29 87 52 57 This mayalsocause theranking of countriesatthebottom of thelistto vary slightlybetween tables. These adjustments maycause thesum of rows orcolumnsto differ by small amountsfrom table totals. Please note thatthere are small random adjustments madeto allcellvalues to protect theconfidentiality of data. Cells inthistable have beenrandomly adjusted to avoid therelease of confidentialdata. Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 54 41 53 Rank 2016 Country of Birth Equatorial Guinea Central African Republic Gabon Niger Mauritania Chad Burkina Faso Comoros Reunion Lesotho Total Mali Western Sahara Benin Guinea-Bissau Prior to 1941 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,949 1941- 1960 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12,905 1961- 1980 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 7 24,701 2000 1981- 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 9 5 5 5 5 7 34,755 2001- 2010 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 8 8 5 5 16,032 2011- 2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 3 5 7 stated 2,467 Not 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 93,845 Total 20 24 24 23 13 13 18 0 0 0 0 4 3 8

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 60 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 61 Note: Data inthistable maydiffer from othersources dueto different collectionmethodsandpurposes Source: of SocialServices Commonwealth Department Government, TABLE 3: Ghana Nigeria Guinea South Sudan Congo, Republic of Ivory Coast Tanzania Uganda Libya Burundi Sierra Leone Zimbabwe Liberia DRC Kenya Eritrea Egypt Somalia Ethiopia Sudan of Birth Country Total 01/01/2017  VICT ORIA: TOP 20 AFRICAN COUNTRIES OF BIRTH BY MIGRATION STREAM ARRIVING BETWEEN 01/01/1997 – Humanitarian Stream 20,807 1,003 1,866 1,029 1,332 2,621 9,101 366 234 736 229 144 779 136 331 138 227 219 157 85 74 Seychelles DRC Morocco Nigeria Eritrea Mauritius Somalia Zambia Tanzania Algeria Liberia Uganda South Sudan Ghana Zimbabwe Kenya Sudan Egypt South Africa Ethiopia of Birth Country Total Stream Family 15,878 3,028 1,490 1,643 3,194 1,227 1,177 564 470 428 622 109 279 727 155 241 141 113 88 111 71

Somalia Namibia Botswana Ghana Kenya Zimbabwe Malawi Morocco Sudan Libya Seychelles Tanzania Uganda Ethiopia Zambia Nigeria Egypt Mauritius South Africa of Birth Country Mozambique Total Stream Skilled 29,384 15,556 2,564 1,454 4,316 2,813 1,017 190 180 143 314 136 116 113 89 38 83 65 58 67 72

This mayalsocause the ranking of countries atthebottom of thelistto vary slightlybetween tables. These adjustments may cause thesum of rows orcolumnsto differ by small amountsfrom table totals. Please note thatthere are small random adjustments madeto allcellvalues to protect theconfidentiality of data. Cells inthistable have beenrandomly adjusted to avoid therelease of confidentialdata. Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics TABLE 4: 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Rank 2016  GOVERNMENT AREAS, 2016 CENSUS VICT Total Nillumbik (S) Yarra Ranges (S) Mornington Peninsula (S) Hobsons Bay(C) Maroondah (C) Phillip(C)Port Stonnington (C) Banyule (C) Bayside (C) Cardinia (S) Maribyrnong (C) Moreland (C) Whitehorse (C) Boroondara (C) Frankston (C) Yarra (C) Darebin (C) Manningham (C) Moonee Valley (C) Knox (C) Melbourne (C) Kingston (C) Hume (C) Monash (C) Whittlesea (C) Melton (C) Glen Eira (C) Greater Dandenong(C) Brimbank (C) Wyndham (C) Casey (C) Areas Victoria: Metropolitan LocalGovernment ORIA: TOTAL AFRICAN COUNTRIES OF BIRTH BY METROPOLITAN LOCAL Residents by African Countryof Birth 85,698 3,090 4,398 3,636 2,694 9,693 4,299 2,363 2,548 1,600 2,967 1,860 1,903 5,410 1,963 1,240 2,018 1,780 1,392 2,531 1,937 1,976 1,753 3,137 1,287 1,252 1,914 3,712 1,516 2,110 7,127 592

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 62 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 63 TABLE 5: 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Rank 2016  AREAS, 2016CENSUS VICT Strathbogie (S) Loddon (S) Alpine (S) Hindmarsh (S) Mansfield (S) Benalla (RC) Gannawarra (S) Ararat (RC) Indigo (S) GrampiansNorthern (S) Moyne (S) Golden Plains(S) Murrindindi (S) Moira (S) Horsham (RC) Southern Grampians (S) Hepburn (S) Glenelg (S) Campaspe (S) Mount Alexander (S) Wangaratta (RC) South Gippsland(S) Colac-Otway (S) Swan Hill(RC) Warrnambool (C) Bass Coast(S) Moorabool (S) Surf Coast(S) East Gippsland(S) Wellington (S) Mitchell (S) Macedon Ranges (S) Mildura (RC) Baw (S) Wodonga (C) Greater Bendigo(C) Latrobe (C) Greater Shepparton (C) Ballarat (C) Greater Geelong(C) Regional LocalGovernment Areas ORIA: TOTAL AFRICAN COUNTRIES OF BIRTH BY REGIONAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT Residents by African Countryof Birth 1,627 490 607 562 100 245 270 292 276 166 169 193 185 126 213 182 122 221 611 113 43 36 39 63 83 65 65 53 85 26 26 29 32 32 76 73 87 27 41 81 This mayalsocause theranking of countriesatthebottom of thelistto vary slightlybetween tables. These adjustments maycause thesum of rows orcolumnsto differ by small amountsfrom table totals. Please note thatthere are small random adjustments madeto allcellvalues to protect theconfidentiality of data. Cells inthistable have beenrandomly adjusted to avoid therelease of confidentialdata. Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 Rank 2016 Total West Wimmera (S) Queenscliffe (B) Buloke (S) Towong (S) (S) Pyrenees Central Goldfields(S) Yarriambiack (S) Corangamite (S) Regional LocalGovernment Areas Residents by African Countryof Birth 7,967 20 24 22 13 21 17 9 9

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 64 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 65 TABLE 6: VICTORIA: PERSONS BORN IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES BY AGE GROUPS, 2016 CENSUS 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 36 35 34 18 39 38 37 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 7 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 2016 Rank Rwanda Cameroon Cote d’Ivoire Guinea Mozambique Tunisia Namibia Malawi Burundi Botswana Congo, Republic of Algeria Sierra Leone Morocco Tanzania Senegal Djibouti Angola Uganda Nigeria Swaziland Madagascar Togo Liberia Republic Congo, Democratic Zambia Ghana Seychelles Libya Eritrea Somalia South Sudan Kenya Zimbabwe Sudan Ethiopia Mauritius Egypt South Africa Country of Birth 0-4 175 30 50 112 36 92 74 14 13 18 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 9 9 3 8 5 5 5-11 325 922 232 168 159 515 128 113 30 84 39 45 54 70 85 29 28 52 10 19 13 15 51 21 71 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 6 9 8 5 12-18 1,701 949 643 368 354 533 764 326 100 199 102 110 119 44 50 34 93 33 83 35 29 22 10 77 13 51 15 17 0 0 0 4 6 9 3 3 8 5 5 2,446 19-25 409 644 438 1,114 524 723 481 155 128 741 141 30 43 48 84 68 45 20 35 24 32 47 97 25 74 14 61 15 12 11 0 4 6 6 3 3 5 7 26-44 9,264 2,593 2,859 2,370 2,202 1,966 4,071 1,076 1,239 1,324 408 345 388 802 220 259 285 103 128 152 172 191 141 60 115 80 50 66 39 95 29 29 24 23 23 47 25 77 15 45-54 1,390 1,590 1,896 5,341 643 326 100 675 104 410 779 184 165 415 531 176 34 69 112 84 39 70 92 29 32 32 57 10 10 14 19 16 13 21 11 0 6 8 5 55-64 2,500 3,569 2,136 494 384 206 294 288 106 180 247 145 120 217 30 30 115 94 121 38 42 55 23 73 25 25 22 10 14 13 13 21 0 0 0 0 4 6 6 65-74 2,438 2,642 1,423 104 140 154 214 123 215 40 30 112 33 55 26 47 97 25 27 14 15 12 17 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 3 3 8 5 5 1,007 2,130 1,326 75+ 186 165 40 40 30 68 20 62 78 41 13 31 51 12 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 6 3 5 5 7 7 13,285 2,000 3,903 27,188 4,695 5,664 6,368 Total 1,034 11,818 2,755 3,861 1,972 690 943 302 584 250 662 249 842 243 248 947 100 100 678 729 377 167 175 119 118 60 94 68 171 87 52 57 This mayalsocause theranking of countriesatthebottom of thelistto vary slightlybetween tables. These adjustments maycause thesum of rows orcolumnsto differ by small amountsfrom table totals. Please note thatthere are small random adjustments madeto allcellvalues to protect theconfidentiality of data. Cells inthistable have beenrandomly adjusted to avoid therelease of confidentialdata. Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics 51 54 53 52

42 41 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 40 2016 Rank 50 Total Republic Central African Gabon Western Sahara Guinea-Bissau Equatorial Guinea Mali Benin Niger Mauritania Chad Burkina Faso Comoros Reunion Lesotho Gambia Country of Birth 0-4 731 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,310 5-11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 6,936 12-18 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 3 19-25 8,770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 3 5 33,420 26-44 10 16 12 11 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 9 5 7 15,545 45-54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 3 3 5 55-64 11,685 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 3 8 65-74 8,069 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 5,375 75+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 93,845 Total 20 29 24 24 23 13 13 18 0 0 0 0 4 3 8

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 66 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 67 CENSUS TABLE 7: VICTORIA: PERSONS BORN IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES BY GENDER, 2016 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 41 14 40 13 39 12 38 11 37 10 36 9 35 8 34 7 33 6 32 5 31 4 30 3 29 2 28 1 27 Rank 2016 Malawi Burundi Botswana Congo, Republic of Algeria Sierra Leone Morocco Tanzania Uganda Liberia Congo, Democratic Republic of Zambia Benin Ghana Gambia Seychelles Swaziland Libya Madagascar Nigeria Togo Eritrea Senegal South Sudan Djibouti Kenya Angola Somalia Rwanda Zimbabwe Cameroon Sudan Cote d’Ivoire Ethiopia Guinea Mauritius Mozambique Egypt Tunisia South Africa Namibia Country of Birth 13,290 Males 3,008 6,680 2,260 1,409 1,835 5,777 2,719 1,747 1,145 408 305 530 368 208 423 328 937 532 375 316 124 123 175 122 116 60 30 49 63 63 20 53 55 24 23 28 76 79 87 27 Females 13,893 6,036 2,439 2,946 6,607 2,028 1,340 1,063 3,357 2,151 506 433 353 296 376 522 827 169 135 351 124 281 131 411 40 34 117 117 68 38 83 88 26 62 92 28 41 31 51 7 7 13,285 2,000 3,903 27,188 4,695 5,664 6,368 Total 1,034 11,818 2,755 3,861 1,972 690 943 302 584 250 249 662 842 248 947 243 100 100 678 729 377 167 175 119 60 118 94 68 171 29 24 52 87 57 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics This mayalsocause theranking of countriesatthebottom of thelistto vary slightlybetween tables. These adjustments maycause thesum of rows orcolumnsto differ by small amountsfrom table totals. Please note thatthere are small random adjustments madeto allcellvalues to protect theconfidentiality of data. Cells inthistable have beenrandomly adjusted to avoid therelease of confidentialdata. 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 Rank 2016 Western Sahara Guinea-Bissau Equatorial Guinea Central African Republic Gabon Niger Mauritania Chad Burkina Faso Comoros Reunion Lesotho Mali Total Country of Birth 46,047 Males 10 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 6 9 5 7 Females 47,796 10 14 17 11 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 5 5 93,845 Total 20 24 23 13 13 18 0 0 0 0 4 3 8

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 68 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 69

TABLE 8: VICTORIA: PERSONS BORN IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES BY RELIGION, 2016 CENSUS

Rank Other No Relig Inadeq 2016 Country of Birth Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Islam Judaism Religions Affiliation described Not stated Total 1 South Africa 104 15,061 917 348 3,318 77 5,984 151 1,225 27,188 2 Egypt 11 10,447 6 1,776 131 13 501 17 384 13,285 3 Mauritius 43 8,984 1,259 211 0 20 864 45 392 11,818 4 Ethiopia 11 3,941 5 1,926 3 5 194 47 239 6,368 5 Sudan 0 3,829 3 1,334 0 3 188 18 287 5,664 6 Zimbabwe 15 3,509 65 30 93 12 716 52 195 4,695 7 Somalia 0 8 0 3,664 0 0 44 5 178 3,903 8 Kenya 14 2,263 300 620 13 93 380 25 153 3,861 9 South Sudan 3 2,570 0 22 3 3 59 3 86 2,755 10 Eritrea 0 778 0 1,132 0 0 23 6 60 2,000 11 Nigeria 5 1,642 17 102 0 3 95 9 86 1,972 12 Libya 4 599 9 353 4 7 46 0 17 1,034 13 Seychelles 8 853 0 3 0 5 44 0 26 947 14 Ghana 8 687 6 98 0 3 98 5 44 943 15 Zambia 17 534 44 19 7 3 178 0 29 842 16 Congo, Democratic Rep 0 653 0 14 0 0 32 9 20 729 17 Liberia 0 540 0 71 0 0 24 11 39 690 18 Uganda 3 487 51 44 0 0 63 4 25 678 19 Tanzania 3 401 66 67 4 14 89 4 28 662 20 Morocco 3 94 3 292 51 0 91 4 47 584 21 Sierra Leone 0 231 0 100 0 0 19 0 16 377 22 Algeria 0 75 0 136 3 8 55 4 19 302 23 Congo, Republic of 0 211 0 13 0 0 12 0 11 250 24 Botswana 12 143 16 0 9 4 50 4 11 249 25 Burundi 0 208 0 22 0 0 11 0 5 248 26 Malawi 8 179 3 6 0 0 27 0 11 243 27 Namibia 0 106 0 0 5 0 59 0 0 175 28 Tunisia 0 75 0 63 0 0 27 0 6 171 29 Mozambique 0 126 5 3 3 0 26 0 5 167 30 Guinea 0 79 0 36 0 0 8 0 4 119 31 Cote d’Ivoire 0 102 0 0 0 0 10 0 4 118 32 Cameroon 0 72 0 0 0 4 16 0 8 100 Rank Other No Relig Inadeq 2016 Country of Birth Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Islam Judaism Religions Affiliation described Not stated Total 33 Rwanda 0 85 0 7 0 0 7 0 7 100 34 Angola 0 78 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 94 35 Djibouti 0 9 0 68 0 0 8 0 0 87 36 Senegal 5 28 0 28 0 0 10 0 3 68 37 Togo 0 46 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 60 38 Madagascar 0 34 3 4 0 0 11 0 3 57 39 Swaziland 0 26 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 52 40 Gambia 0 10 0 11 0 0 3 0 5 29 41 Benin 0 19 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 24 42 Mali 0 6 0 10 0 0 3 0 6 24 43 Lesotho 0 20 0 0 0 0 8 0 3 23 44 Reunion 0 15 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 20 45 Comoros 0 5 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 18 46 Burkina Faso 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 47 Chad 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 4 13 48 Mauritania 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 49 Niger 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 50 Gabon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 51 Central African Rep 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 Equatorial Guinea 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 Guinea-Bissau 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 Western Sahara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 286 59,891 2,785 12,670 3,656 280 10,138 435 3,706 93,845

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics Cells in this table have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data. Please note that there are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals. This may also cause the ranking of countries at the bottom of the list to vary slightly between tables.

Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 70 Victorian African Communities Action Plan Page 71

TABLE 9: 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Rank 2016  CENSUS VICT Central andWest African, nfd Angolan Mozambican Cameroonian Rwandan Malawian Tigrayan Batswana Shona Amhara Igbo Tanzanian Southern andEastAfrican, nfd Yoruba Nuer Sierra Leonean Zambian Burundian Ugandan Southern andEastAfrican, nec Central andWest African, nec Afrikaner Dinka Liberian Peoples of theSudan, nfd Ghanaian Congolese Oromo Seychellois Kenyan Nigerian Zimbabwean Eritrean South Sudanese Sudanese Ethiopian Somali African, sodescribed Mauritian South African African ancestries ORIA: AFRICAN ANCESTRIES, TOTAL

RESPONSES, 2016 Total Responses 14,421 21,916 9,936 2,805 3,529 7,380 4,318 1,589 8,415 1,332 6,515 1,367 1,753 1,120 1,162 440 604 433 465 670 250 796 547 242 130 310 278 134 120 129 167 187 187 175 172 127 611 86 92 82 slightly between tables. This mayalsocause theranking of countriesatthebottom of thelistto vary amounts from table totals. These adjustments maycause thesum of rows orcolumnsto differ by small protect theconfidentiality of data. Please note thatthere are small random adjustments madeto allcellvalues to data. Cells inthistable have beenrandomly adjusted to avoid therelease of confidential Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 Rank 2016 Total Kunama Krahn Themne Darfur Masai Ogaden Hutu Gio Fulani Bari Ivorean Mandinka Acholi Tigre Sub-Saharan African, nfd Peoples of theSudan, nec Madi Swazilander Akan Namibian Senegalese Swahili African, MiddleEastern,North nfd Togolese Zulu African ancestries Total Responses 95,792 80 48 33 68 59 35 29 23 76 28 47 25 22 27 27 19 31 81 21 0 0 6 3 5 7

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