Volume XXIV No. 10 October, 1969 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOOAim OF XWISH REFUGOS m OtUT BRtTAOl

exchange of experiences between the dele­ gates about the social work of their organ­ UNITY IN DIVERSITY isations proved particularly beneficial. Financial Questions A report on the financial position was Conference of the Council of Jews from Germany given by Dr. W. Rosenstock, honorary secretary of the Council. According to a " The activities of the organisations built While in the countries of the Diaspora decision taken at the previous Council up by the Jews from Germany in various the immigrants have to adjust their lives Meeting in 1967, 50 per cent of any incom­ parts of the world differ from country to to the indigenous Jewish eommunity as ing payments during the years 1968-70 are country, but everywhere they are marked well as to the nonnJewish majority popu­ to be allocated to the Leo Baeck Institutes by a high degree of vitality ". With these lation, in Israel this two-fold process is in Jerusalem, New York and London, and words Dr. Siegfried Moses (Jerusalem), replaced by the single process of becoming the remaining 50 per cent to the Council's president of the Council of Jews from Ger­ part and parcel of a Jewish commonwealth. member organisations for their social many, summed up the reports given by the The position is different again in South work. The first allocation was made last delegates at the Council Conference which America, where, according to Mr. Hirsch­ year, and the sum of the second distribu­ was held in London on August 23-24. feld, the Jews from Germany or, for that tion was fixed by the Conference. The purpose, the Jews in general, live in com­ amount of the third allocation will depend The Conference was attended by repre­ parative isolation from their non-Jewish on the funds still to be expected. It was sentatives of all six member organisations, environment and where the relationship realised that the work of the Successor i-e., the Irgun Oley Merkaz Europa (Israel), with Israel is determined by an attitude of Organisations is drawing to its close. The the American Federation of Jews from unreserved identification. Mr. Hirschfeld member organisations will, therefore, no Central Europe (U.S.A.), the AJR (Great also reported that the Jews from Germany longer receive substantial financial help Britain), " Centra " (South American coun­ play a leading part in the Jewish life of from this source and have to find other tries), "La Solidarite" (France) and South America. They have built up strongly ways of maintaining their social insti­ ' Coref " (Belgium). The fact that the Jews organised congregations, which are united tutions. from Germany have preserved the con­ in a central body, " Centra". By their A report on Restitution and Compensa­ tinuity of their organisations for more than educational activities they have enlisted the tion was given by Dr. W. Breslauer (Lon­ three decades after their dispersion testi­ co-operation of many younger people, and don) vice-president of the Council. He fies to their strong sense of solidarity and at a recent Centra Conference, one quarter stated that the Council had to be par­ their organisational ability. If the Council of the participants were under 25 years of ticularly active in this field during the had only the task of serving as a clearing age. In this respect, the situation differs past months, when amendments to three centre between these organisations, its from that in other countries, where the laws were under consideration. They con­ existence would already be sufficiently " third generation" is only to a limited cemed the Fedeiial Restitution Law (Bundes­ justified. However, beyond this, the Council extent conscious of the Central European rueckerstattungsgesetz), the Equalisation also acts as the spokesman of the Jews origin of their families. However, efforts of Burdens Law (Lastenausgleichsgesetz) from (Jermany in all questions which are at establishing contacts with younger and the Social Insurance Law. The amend­ of common interest to them. people have been successful in the United ment to the first law referred to those resti­ The basis of the Council's day-to-day States ; the American Federation has organ­ tution claims which had been submitted activities is the awareness of the fact that ised " Lerntage ", at which topical ques­ under the Compensation Law. The Council, the German Jews have l)een shaped by a tions are discussed under the guidance of together with other organisations of per­ common fate. This sense of history not expert speakers. The process of assimila­ secutees, succeeded in getting the original only determines the atmosphere of the tion, mainly to the non-Jewish majority Govemmental draft improved. The second Council conferences ; it also entails obliga- population, appears to be particularly rapid law was an extension of certain claims "ons in a wider context. Nobody wants to among younger people of German Jewish under the Equalisation of Burdens Law to slow do-HTi the integration of the immi­ origin in France. damages sustained in that part of the grants into their new environment, yet the former Reich which is now the territory prerequisite of an organic integration is an Constructive Social Work of the German Democratic Republic. Here, Identification with the community of The great amount of practical work the terms of the new law do not meet the origin. carried out by the member organisations requirements of the persecutees, and efforts at obtaining certain improvements Reports on the general situation of the became evident in the reports given at the in the Implementary Order still to be enac­ Jews from Germany in their countries of Conference on the following day. In the ted are going on. The Council has also sub­ ^Resettlement were given on the eve of the social field, the establishment and adminis­ mitted proposals to the Draft of the new 'conference, when the delegates from tration of Old Age Homes, Homes for the Social Insurance Law. This Law could, abroad met members of the Council's Lon­ Infirm and Flatlet Homes stand in the fore­ however, not be enacted prior to the disso­ don Executive and Honorary OfiBcers of the ground. Homes of this kind have been erec­ lution of the Federal Parliament, and its •^^JR at an informal function. The speakers ted in Israel, U.S.A., Great Britain, France consideration will be held over until after ^ere Mrs. Ruth Fabian (Paris), Mr. H. and South America, and former refugees in the elections. (Details about the three laws j^^uoemann (Brussels), Mr. R. Hirschfeld Belgium, who are looked after by Coref, were published in the August issue of ^Montevideo), Mr. H. Gerling (Jerusalem), have been accommodated in the Home of AJR Information—The Ed.) These recent and Dr. C. Silberman (New York). Their the Belgian Jewish community. Most of legislative developments, Dr. Breslauer reports reflected the different circum­ these Homes could only be erected with the stressed, reaffirmed the undiminished need stances prevailing in each country. At the help of the Council which succeeded in for the Council's activities as the spokes­ same time, it transpired that, notwithstand- obtaining a share in the heirless Jewish man of the Jewish Nazi victims from Ger­ ^g variations in detail, the position in the property in Germany recovered by the many in questions of restitution and ^uropean countries and in the United Successor Organisations. All member compensation. J>tates differs fimdamentally from that in organisations also maintain social services Israel and in South America. for those not accommodated in Homes. An Continued on next page, column 1 Page 2 AJiR INFORMATION October, 1969 " UNITY IN DIVERSITY " THE GERMAN SCENE TRIALS Continued from page 1 Life Sentence for Eichmaim Aide Former S.S. Lieut.-Col. Hermann Krumey, The Conference was also informed about munity leaders. It was decided to investi­ 64, Eichmann's deputy in Budapest, was sen­ plans for the reorganisation of the Wiener gate this problem in greater detail, and to tenced in FranMurt to Ufe imprisonment for his part in the deportation and murder of at Library, which are under consideration but explore the possible remedies, e.g., the least 300,000 Hungarian Jews in 1944. Otto have so far not l)een decided upon. The organisation of seminars and the award of Hunsche, 58, a former S.S. captain who was Presidium of the Council was instructed to scholarships to prospective communal Eichmann's legal adviser, was gaoled for elucidate the situation and the intentions workers. It was also decided that the his­ twelve years for comjplicity in the mass mur­ of the Board of the Wiener Library with tory of the emigration and resettlement der. The court sat for 14 months and heard the view to preserving the Library as an of the former German Jews should be more than 100 witnesses. accessible centre of studies in London. written as long as there exist still suf&cient witnesses who can contribute material from Murderer of Russian Jews It proved particularly beneficial that first-hand experience. It was equally felt Karl Rudolf Pallmann, 65, a former German there was both the time and the oppor­ that there is a need for a brief history of Army second lieutenant, was sentenced in tunity to discuss the principles on which the Jews in Gennany, by which the Duesseldorf to hard labour for life for par­ the future work odf the Council Is to be younger generation can be made aware of ticipation in the wartime murder of 109 based. The starting point was a memo­ their background. The production of these Russian Jews and Communist oflEtcials. randum submitted by the Executive Direc­ publications will mainly depend on the Fonner K.Z. Commandant tor of the American Federation, Professor availability of suitable authors. H. Strauss. The Council, the Memorandum Alois Doerr, 58, commandant of Helm- stated, is not only an organisation which It was considered to be the duty of the brechts concentration camp, was sentenced in has to promote and sponsor social work Jews from Gennany to help in securing Hof (Bavaria) to hard labour for life for the among its affiliates, and to safeguard the the preservation or maintenance of Jewish murder of five Jewish women during the interests of former Gennan Jews in resti­ mementoes inside Germany, e.g., ceme­ evacuation of the camp in April, 1945. tution and compensation questions. It has teries. Lastly, it was decided to investigate Ailing Auschwitz Guard to be the focal centre for all matters which practical ways of organising mobile exhi­ have a direct or indirect bearing on the bitions relating to the spiritual heritage of Josef Windeck, 66, a former Auschwitz con­ position of the Jews from Germany and, German Jewry. centration camp iwliceman, who was sentenced beyond this, of Jewry in general. in Frankfurt in 1968 to hard laibour for life To work out in detail the schemes which for complicity in the murder of camp inmates, has been freed on medical grounds. This "political" approach was, in prin­ were adopted in principle, a Planning Com­ ciple, approved by the delegates of all mittee was appointed consisting of Mr. H. member organisations. There were, how­ Gerling (Jerusalem), Dr. W. Rosenstock BOGY OF JEWISH INFLUENCE ever, differing views on the potentialities (London) and Professor H. Strauss (New Eight out of every 100 West Germans still of putting this principle into practice. It York). believe that Jews have most influence in the was realised that some of the proposals do nation. This transpired from a public opinion not lend themselves for activities by the The Council Conference was followed by poll, carried out by the Wickert Institute, in Council as a world-wide organisation a meeting of the Leo Baeck Institute at which a cross-section of the population was which representatives of the Institutes in asked to select a list of institutions or groups, because the position differs in the countries Jerusalem, London and New York reported which they thought had most influence in Ger­ of resettlement. This applies, for instance, on research projects and publications with many. The list was headed by industry and to the fight against antisemitism and other which they are currently engaged. banks (23 per cent) and the Catholic clergy manifestations of racial prejudice. The (19 per cent); 17 per cent chose the trade American Federation, under the impact of Dr. Siegfried Moses, president of the unions ; 14 per cent the farmers' federations ; the events of the past months, considers it Council and of the Leo Baeck Institute, pre­ 10 per cent the German exiles' associations; its duty to become active in this matter sided over both meetings. 8 per cent the Jews; and 7 per cent the under is own name, though, of course, in W.R. Protestant clergy. Two per cent were unable conjunction with other American Jewish to make up their minds. organisations. On the other hand, in this GOOD RELATIONS WITH ISRAEL country, where, fortunately, major fric­ U.N. ANTI-NAZI RESOLUTION DRAFTED tions are not manifest at present, the work In a Gennan radio interview, Mr. Asher is carried out by the existing representa­ A draft resolution dealing with measures to Ben-Natan, the Israeli Ambassador, stated tive bodies, especiaUy the Board of he taken against Nazism and racial intolerance that the hnks between Israel and the German Deputies, and it is sufficient for the AJR has been placed on the provisional agenda of Federal Republic had developed very favour­ to be represented at the regular delibera­ the General Assembly of the United Nations ably since the establishment of diplomatic on the recommendation of the Economic and relations four years ago. " Above all, much tions between the Board and delegates of Social Council. Warning that Nazism, includ­ ice has been broken in Israel", the Amibas- the major organisations. Notwithstanding ing its present-day manifestations, may jeopar­ sador said. Exports from Germany to Israel these reservations it was, however, con­ dise world peace, the resolution expresses had risen by 150 per cent since 1965. Mr. sidered desirable that the voice of the " profound disquiet" that not all States are Ben-Natan appealed to German industry to Council should become more audible within responding to appeals to observe the principles increase capital investment there. Without the framework of the intemational Jewish contained in the Universal Declaration of wishing to overestimate the danger of the organisations. Human Rights. The resolution also calls on all N.P.D., the appearance of a party which States to observe a day each year " in memory showed a close resemblance to a movement The Memorandum also dealt with ques­ of the victims of the struggle against Nazism associated with the " horrible events " of the and similar ideologies and practices based on German past, was causing alarm in Israel, he tions conceming the relationship with post­ terror and racial intolerance." war Germany. In this respect, the Resolu­ stated. tion adopted at the Council Conference of 1965 was upheld. This means that the Council appreciates the efforts by German groups and personalities which aim at a restoration of the distorted image of the Jews, and is also prepared to co-operate, Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. if and as far as this is requested on the German side. At the same time, it was re­ Bankers affirmed that it is not the task of the Council to intervene in questions of Ger­ man politics, especially as such interven­ BASILDON HOUSE, 7-11 MOORGATE, E.C.2 tions may easily have the opposite effect among extreme Right-wing sections of the Telephone: 01-600 8151 German electorate. London 25157 Another question raised in the Memo­ Tel randum was the dearth of younger com­ AJR INFORMA'nON October, 1969 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLOJUDAICA Library for Chief Rabbinate Centre TWO PARLIAMENTARY CANDIDATES M.P.S VISIT ISRAEL The new Chief Rabbinate Centre, which is Mr. Harold Soref has been adopted as the Mr. Dan Jones, Labour M.P. for Burnley, expected to be completed by the end of next prospective Conservative candidate for Orms- Mr. Gordon Oakes, Labour M.P. for Bolton, year, will house, apart from oflBces for Dr. kirk, Lancashire, a safe Tory seat with a and Mr. Tom MoNally, Overseas Secretary of Jakobovits, a public library, an exhibition majority of nearly 10,000 in 1964. Mr. Soref the Labour Party, paid a ten-day visit to room, a conference hall and facilities for is a Council member of the Anglo-Jewish Israel. lectures. The entire cost of the centre, esti­ Association. mated at £150,000, will be met by Sir Isaac The constituency Labour Party of South ANTI-ISRAEL PAMPHLET Wolfson and his brother Charles. Norfolk adopted as prospective candidate Mr. Cyril Shaw, of Willesden. An anti-Israel booklet, entitled "An Eye­ Appointment for Austrian-born Rabbi witness in Jerusalem—Stpring 1969 ", by John Rabbi Marcus Singer, of the Ohel Shem MAYHEW'S AMMAN STATEMENT Carter, has been published by the British " Jerusalem Committee" in London. The Synagogue, Willesden, was appointed minister booklet is accompanied by a letter signed by of the Central Synagogue, Birmingham, in According to Jordan radio, Mr. Christopher succession to the late Rabbi Reuben Rabino­ Mayhew, M.P., told a press conference in Miss Manuela Sykes, a co-chairman (with Mr. John Ryan, M.P.), of the Jerusalem Committee. witz. Rabbi Singer, who was bom in Vienna, Amman that his interest in the Palestine was one of a number of refugee boys brought question had been aroused when he found a "MEIN KAMPF" IN ENGLISH to London in 1938 by Rabbi Dr. Solomon threatening letter from the Irgun Zvei Leutai Schonfeld. in his ofiBce, while he was a junior minister at The Board of Deputies has expressed its the Foreign Ofiace under Mr. Ernest Bevin. " very serious concern" about the proposed Principal of Jews' CoUege Mr. Mayhew is also quoted as saying that the re-pulblication by Hutchinsons of Hitler's sale of American Phantom jets to Israel was " Mein Kampf ". " We must repeat ", the The Chief Rabbi, Dr. I. Jakobovits, asserted the most unjust deal in history. "In fact, Board wrote to the publishers, " the apprehen­ that the new principal of Jews' College must the purchase of Jewish votes in New York sion that the feelings of many victims of be given far more freedom and independence with the lives of the Arabs in the Jordan Nazism and the surviving relatives . . . have than has been the case in the past. He con­ Valley is inhuman." apparently been ignored by your company." firmed that Rabbi Dr. Nachum Rabinovitch, of The letter also refers to the strong objections, Toronto, was among leading scholars and FRO-ARAB M.P. raised by the Bavarian Government. In his thinkers who are being considered for the reply. Sir Robert Lusty, managing director of post of principal in succession to Rabbi i3r. The Labour M.P. for Uxbridge, Mr. John the firm, explained that the book would in H. J. Zimmels, who retires in December. Ryan, has associated himself with several pro- due course cease to be protected by copy­ Link with Israel Settlement Arab bodies and was also one of the sponsors right and that it might be wiser to make it of the advertisement published in several available " in the responsible edition by Catford Orthodox and Bromley Reform con­ papers on the second anniversary of the Six- students of history ". The introduction to the gregations together formed a link with a settle­ Day War. At a meeting of the constituency publication will be written by Mr. D. C. Watt, ment in Israel, Masaut Yitzhak. Under the Labour Party, Mr. Ryan was criticised for reader in international history in London Uni­ scheme there will be exchanges of goods and having signed an advertisement which " con­ versity. The book, the introduction says, eventually of people. tained antisemitic matter." In his reply, Mr. should be studied as the classic example of Ryan stated that he was not antisemitic^ that " black" political literature, intended for Aid Society Meeting his wife was Jewish and that he championed those who seek in politics a substitute for the Arab cause because he felt that their side religion and who make political loyalty a At the annual meeting of the Jewish Bread, of the case was under-represented. matter of faith. Meat and Coal Society, the president, Mr. S. W. 0. Seligman, reported that the number M.P.S JOIN ANGLO-ISRAEL FRIENDSHIP MEMORIAL PLAQUE AT ALDERNEY of people served by the society was going up. LEAGUE During the year under review, 53 people were A plaque inscribed in Hebrew was unveiled given direct help. Four Members of Parliament have joined in the Channel island of Alderney to com­ the Anglo-Israel Friendship League. They are: memorate the Jewish victims of Nazi perse­ Ban on Sunday Religion Classes Iain Macleod, Austin Albu, Anthony Berry cution who had died on the island during the and John Mackie. 1940-45 German occupation. It is situated in A request by Pardes House School, Golders a garden of remembrance erected in memory Green, to hold religion classes on Sundays WANDSWORTH GOVERNOR ON ARAB of the unknown hundreds believed to have from 10 a.m. to 12 noon at West Heath Road PRISONERS died in Alderney after it was evacuated and was refused by the Borough of Barnet, and turned into a concentration camp. The the ban was upheld by the Ministry of Hous­ In an article entitled " Prisons in Israel", plaque was donated by Mr. Alfred Herzka. a ing and Local Government, with which the *^. J. D. Wheeler, assistant govemor at 43-year-old Austrian-born consulting chemist school had lodged an aippeal, on the grounds Wandsworth Prison, wrote about his visit to now living in London. Mr. Herzika visited of the " eflfect of noise nuisance on the ameni­ Israel last year. The article, which appeared Alderney for the first time last year, and it ties of the neighbouring residents ". in the July issue of the Prison Service Joumal, was the French, English and Russian plaques states that El Fatah detainees "receive the he saw at the memorial garden that moved No Threat to Shechita same treatment as ordinary criminal offenders him to donate one in Heibrew. Mr. Herzka and their religious customs are respected". According to the Slaughter of Poultry Act, lost relatives and friends in various parts of 1967, which will be operative from January Europe through Nazi persecution. Some of 1, 1970, onwards, poultry must either be SPEAKERS' CORNER INCIDENTS those, he thinks, who disappeard in France slaughtered instantaneously or, before being may well have been shipped to Aldemey. Two Jews appeared at Marlborough Street slaughtered, stunned by an approved instm­ Magistrates' court in connection with inci­ ASYLUM FOR CZECH JEW ment. According to an Implementary Order dents at an Arab meeting at Speakers' Corner, to the Act, Jews and Moslems are exempted "ne of them. Ehud Cohen, a 26-year-old school Mr. Kamil Winter, former head of news from the pre-stunning requirement. teacher from Tel Aviv, was alleged to have and current afifairs for Czech television, has punched an Arab in the chest during the been granted asylum in London. Mr. Winter, Plea for Manchester Youth Centre "leeting. He was fined £2 with 5 guineas a Jew, fled the country at the time of the An urgent appeal to Manchester Jewry to Posts. " It is very diflScult for people ", the Russian invasion last year. build a youth centre was made by Rabbi Dr. jftagistrate. Mr. Eklward Robey, said, " to keep P. Selvin Goldberg from the pulpit of the jneir tempers when things are said against REFUGEE'S GIFT TO NATION Manchester Reform Synagogue. He suggested ™eir nation, but they have got to do so ". The Old master drawings, worth up to £100,000, that the forthcoming golden jubilee celebra­ other defendant. Moshe Sassoon, a 29-year-old have been given to the nation by Mr. Arthur tion of the Council of Manchester and Salford *?^ter from Kilburn, was given a conditional Nusgbaum, of Streatham, who had come to this Jews would be an appropriate occasion for ^ischarge for three years. He admitted using country from Austria in 1939 as a refugee launching an appeal. inreatening behaviour, but said that he was after his release from Dachau concentration picked by two men who told him: "You are camp. He is now 81 years old. Swastika Daufoings in Leicester au spies and they should hang you." Sassoon's lamily were originally from Iraq. Swastikas, interspersed with the initials N.F. (National Front), were daubed on the BOMB ATTACK ON ZM OFFICE NEW LIBERAL JEWISH CONGREGATION walls and door of Leicester Synagogue. The 51 Belsize Square, London. NW.3 daubing coincided with the inaugural meeting The Popular Front for the Liberation of SYNAGOGUE SERVICES of the National Front's Leicester branch, but plestine claimed to have put the bomb in the are tield regularly on the Eve of Sabbath a spokesman for the party denied that his ^ndon Zim ofiBces and also to have placed and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day organisation was responsible. He exipressed ^re bombs in several London stores, including at 11 a.m. the view that the daubing was the work of felfridges and an Oxford Street branch of enemies of the National Front, wanting to dis­ 'warks & Spencer. ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED credit the movement. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION October, 1969 TURKEY NEWS FROM ABROAD A Jordanian student was killed and another severely injured when a bomb they had UNITED STATES SPAIN attempted to plant in the Israeli pavilion at the Izmir international fair exploded in their No Jewish Judge in Supreme Court Synagogue Restored possession. When the students saw that the Since last December when the Spanish pavilion was surrounded by police, they took The appointment of Judge Clement F. Govemment revoked the order of 1492 expell­ the bomb to another part of the town and it Haynsworth to the Associate Justiceship of the ing the Jews from the country, there have been exploded when they tried to dismantle it. The Supreme Court, vacated by Mr. Abe Fortas moves to rebuild or restore many synagogues surviving student told the police that the bomb when he resigned in May, has been cnticised which have been abandoned or put to other attempt had been ordered by an Arab terrorist in American Jewish quarters. Reference was uses. The latest scheme concerns the restora­ group, the National Front for the Liberation of made to Judge Haynsworth's ultra-conserva­ tion of the synagogue in Medinaceli in Castilia. Palestine. tive record, particularly his decisions in dese­ Now almost a ruin, the building had been con­ gregation matters. It was also noted that verted and used by nuns of a convent. There EXECUTIONS IN IRAQ this is the first time since the appointment of are now no Jews in the town and the syna­ Judge Brandeis by President Wilson m the gogue will serve as a national monument. World-wide horror and indignation have 1920s that there will be no Jew on America s been expressed at the execution in Baghdad highest tribunal. On the other hand, Mr. First Barmitzvah in Majorca Arthur J. Goldberg stated a few months ago of 15 Iraqis, including two Jews, on charges that he was "very much against a Jewish The Spanish Ministry of Justice has granted of spying for Israel and America. In Britain, seat' in the Supreme Court. . . . There is no the Haham of Barcelona, Rabbi Solomon a Board of Deputies delegation called on Mr. need in our democracy to appoint a man to Bensabat, full recognition and permission to Goronwy Roberts, Minister of State at the any governmental institution to 'preserve carry out his duties. Rabbi Bensabat recently Foreign and Commonwealth Ofifice. The Board racial balance.'" visited Majorca to conduct the first barmitzvah also organised a memorial meeting opposite to be held on the island since 1435. More the Iraqi Emibassy in Kensington. Psalms were Church Official Rebuked than 50 local residents attended the service. recited by the Chief Raibbi, Dr. I. Jakobovits; Rabbi S. Brichto, executive vice-president of In a letter to the New York Times, Dr. DENMARK the Union of Liberal and Progressive Syna­ Harry G. Dorman, Jnr., an official of the gogues ; and the Rev. W. W. Simpson, general National Council of Churches of Chnst of the The Polish Government cancelled an secretary of the Council of Christians and U S accused Israel of " cultural impenahsm intended visit of a delegation of the Polish Jews. and said that his church could not condone town of Korscin to its Danish " twin town" "the unilateral annexation of the Jordanian Gladsaxe, a Copenhagen suburb. The reason portions of Jerusalem ". This statement was was a statement made by Gladsaxe's Mayor, SOVIET RUSSIA repudiated in a letter written by the director Mr. Erhard Jacobsen, a non-Jew, who is an of the council's interaational affairs depart­ M.P. and a member of the Council of Europe. Anti-Israel Film ment, Mr. Robert S. Bilheimer, who stated Mr. Jacobsen had said that friendly relations On the 17th anniversary of the execution of that Dr. Dorman had written "in a personal could just as well be established with Greece Soviet Yiddish writers, a special anti-Israel capacity." as with Poland, a country which was violating film was shown on Russia's main television human rights, by its oppression of the Jews, network. Entitled " Who Sows the Wind . . .," University Rabbi Re-instated for example. the half-hour film presented Nazi concentra­ Rabbi A. Bruce Goldman, who was dismissed ITALY tion camp scenes followed by shots of Arab in spring as Jewish chaplain at Columbia prisoners in Israeli gaols, while the commenta­ University by the Jewish Advisory Board, will A rabidly antisemitic book by Don Luigi tor repeated Soviet charges that " Israeli retum to the university in autumn. He had Cozzi, the parish priest of a village near Udine, soldiers emulate the methods of Nazi Ger­ been accused by the Board of "overstepping was declared as not being offensive. Accord­ many." the bounds of a religious man and of co-belli­ ing to the magistrate, the book, published gerence " with striking students. under the title " The Star, the Cross and the Yiddish Anthology Swastika", did not contain incitement to acts Threat to Tax Exemptions of destmction, or contempt of the Jewish The Sovetskii Pisatel (Soviet Writer) pub­ A ruling by a justice of the New York religion, because the opinions expressed " were lishing house in Moscow has issued an 824- Supreme Court against Temple Beth Sholom directed against the ethnic community and not page anthology of Yiddish prose. A total of declared that tax exemption is lost on any part the religious community". Deploring the 57 writers, living and dead, are represented of property used commercially. The ruling decision, the monthly of the Rome Jewish in the book, which has been issued in a limited will have national repercussions and is community comments: " We would be curious edition of only 4,500 copies and, according to expected eventually to go to the Supreme to know how the investigating magistrate the Jewish Chronicle East European Afifairs Court for final adjudication. In California, the establishes a distinction between the two correspondent, mainly for export. State Legislature recently approved a Bill to aspects—the ethnic and the reli^ous—-of the collect taxes from churches and other religious Jewish community, without lapsing into the POLAND bodies on income from real estate owned by same racism of the parish priest." such institutions but made available for com­ Emigration to Australia mercial purposes. AUSTRALIA One of the biggest posts in Jewish education According to the annual report of the Austra­ Henry Kissinger Attacked anywhere—the headmastership of Mount lian Jewish Welfare and Relief Society, events Miss Flora Lewis, a commentator on foreign Scopus College, Melbourne—has been awarded in Poland and Czechoslovakia have led to a afifairs whose column appears in the Los to Mr. Max Wahlhaus, 38, who has been living rise in the number of Jews from these coun­ Angeles Times and other newspapers, recently in South Africa since he left Germany in 1936. tries settling in Australia. While most of the published allegations about secret studies said Jews emigrating from Poland are going to to have requested by President Nixon's special Israel, the report says, those with relatives in adviser on security affairs. Dr. Henry Kis­ Australia will be able to settle there. singer. One of the studies ordered is said to Your House for:— concem " the circumstances in which Ameri­ Amnesty for Students? can nuclear weapons might be used in the CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO To mark the 25th anniversary of the estab­ Middle East". According to Miss Lewis, the lishment of Communist Poland, an amnesty context of the question is not entirely clear. UPHOLSTERY was proclaimed according to which release is " Presumably ", she writes, " it contemplates to be granted to all those serving a first prison a ' demonstration' nuclear blast on some SPECIALITY sentence. Egyptian target if Israel were in danger of annihilation, since there is no suggestion of CONTINENTAL DOWN One of the Jewish students, Karol Modzelew­ using nuclear weapons against Soviet forces ski, the son of the first Polish Foreign Minis­ in the area". Miss Lewis maintains that the QUILTS! ter after the Second World War, will not bene­ studies had been requested without informing fit from the amnesty, because he had already the Defence Department, which is " angry ". been gaoled once before. The amnesty should, ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS however, apply to the following so-called "ring­ NETHERLANDS leaders " : Kr^ystof Topolski (Toperman), son ESTIMATES FREE of a former senior ofiBcial, goaled for 18 Priest Retracts anti-Israeli Remarks months in October last year on a fictitious Father Jan van Eupan, who led a delegation charge of having " insulted the Polish nation '; of the "Dutch Palestine Committee" to the DAWSON-LANE LIMITED Barbara Torunczyk, daughter of a colonel who commanded a Polish unit in the International Middle East has retracted remarks he made 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK in support of the Arab refugees. In a state­ Brigade which fought in Spain; M. Gomicki, ment he expressed regret that people under­ Telephone: 904 6671 son of a former Govemment oflBcial; and stood his remarks to mean that he advocated Antoni Zambrowski, son of the former mem­ Israel's annihilation, and emphasised that he Personal attantion ol Mr. W. Shackman ber of the Polish politburo, Roman Zambrow­ did not sympathise with Arab terrorists. ski. AJR INFORMATION October, 1969 Page 5 Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) Old Acquaintances FROM THE BLACK TENT TO THE Books and Authors : Richard Friedenthal's ONE-FAMILY HOUSE new book " Entdecker des Ich" about de Montaigne, Pascal and Diderot will be pub­ The rebellion of youth which has shaken Tel Sheva is connected to the central elec­ lished by R. Piper, Munich. Piper also intend the institutions of the Western world seems trical grid. Each house, which is situated on to publish the correspondence of the art his­ also to have some repercussions amongst the a half dunam plot, consists of a living room, torian Julius Meier-Graefe, and are requesting Bedouin tribes in Israel's southern desert, the two bedrooms, kitchen, shower and lavatory ; holders of material to get in touch with them. Negev. " We've had enough of roaming about, a sun heater aflfixed on the roof provides con­ —" Schriften zum Theater", written by the of filfth and dirt, we want to settle down and stant warm water. It will take quite some late Berthold Viertel, will be published by learn—how to become technicians, teachers, time before the women become used to such Koesel-Verlag, Munich.—Michael Hamburger doctors", said 18-year-old Mahmoud. His gadgets as gas stoves and refrigerators. The has translated the poems of German writer, family have just moved into the first house houses are being built to conform with G. Grass, for Penguin, London. of what is to become the new Bedouin town Bedouin customs and needs. Animals can be of Tel Sheva, on the highway from Beersheba kept in the enclosed court yards ; the fronts Home .\eirs ; Tania Lieven, who recently to Arad. of the houses are windowless or else windows resigned from I.T.V., has produced Ibsen's " Dolls House " in Newbury.—Lilli Palmer's At present it is a town in name only, but have been installed at almost ceiling level in order to prevent peeping toms. 25-year-old son, Carey Harrison, had his first a network of roads is a sign of an ambitious play, " In a Cottage Hospital", produced on blueprint for the 1,200 families who are A house costs I £20,000, and purchasers put T.V.—^Rudolph Cartier will produce "Rran- expected to settle here. There is a school, down only I£1,000 in cash; they receive a brandt" for B.B.C. television. It is based on a clinic, a shopping centre, a mosque and, loan of I £15,000 over 25 years at 6.5 per Zuckmayer's film script. of course, the inevitable cafe where the men cent interest, together with a subsidy after sip their Turkish cofifee or smoke the water ten years of occupancy of I £4,000. This is Germany : A new theatre is to be built pipe and play dice. Should Tel Sheva prove very little when one considers that even today in Berlin on the site of the former Universum a success, two sister towns will be set up to a young Bedouin man has to pay at least at Lehniner Platz. It will open with a pro­ the north and south of Beersheba. Here, for I £6,000 "Mohar" for the lady of his choice duction of '• Hair ".—Karin Hardt is appearing the first time, the Israel Ministry of Housing —bride money. Until two years ago, before the in Krasna's " Kein Problem" at Berlin's is trying to find an incentive for the nomads Gaza Strip came under Israeli control, there Komoedie Theatre.—Curt Bois, Albert Lieven, of the Negev to settle. The experiment could was a scarcity of marriageable girls amongst Peter Capell and Hans Hinrich, who all not have been made if it were not for the the Bedouin and the bride money was as much returned to Germany after the war, are to deep social changes which are coming more as I £20,000. appear on T.V. in Kafka's " Amerika oder Die and more into the open among the Bedouin. Tel Sheva will not be handed over to only Verschollenen ". Today the Negev Bedouin number some one tribe, but will be the centre for many This and That: Heinz Ruehmann, who first 15,000 souls, belonging to 19 different tribes. tribes. The men can easily find work in the achieved fame in " Drei von der Tankstelle ", The size of a tribe varies greatly, ranging from building industry in Beersheba or in the is today the best-loved of German comedians. between 60 to 2,500 members. It is an open many Negev industries. Some want to become In a Ruehmann biography, H. H. Kirst, author secret that the Bedouin do not live only from farmers. We were shown the new houses. of "08/15", discloses that on the advice of their herds—about 15,000 camels and 120,000 In one of the enclosed court yards stood a Goebbels and (Joering, Ruehmann divorced his sheep and goats—nor from their meagre agri­ black tent—there a family lived. We entered Jewish wife Maria Bernheim. In order to cultural attempts. They still follow an occupa­ the hous(!—it was bare, without furniture. save her life and to allow her to obtain a tion which is considered as most honourable Strange noises came from the living room . . . decent passport he arranged for her marriage and " fit for a man"—smuggling, anything the goats had made themselves comfortable to a Swede. Shortly after he fell in love from drugs and coffee to transistor radios, there. Old customs die slowly ! with and married Herta Feiler. Maria sur­ fountain pens and razor blades. Their main vived the war in Sweden and died one year " imports ", however, are animals, and an esti­ after her return to Munich. mated 55,000 camels and a similar number of FRITZI MASSARY ON RECORD sheep and goats have been illegally brought Milestones: Walter Rilla, who emigrated to In an interview for German T.V. recorded England from Nazi Germany in order to save in and sold during the past ten years. some years prior to her death, Fritzi Massary his Jewish wife, has attained 70 years. He The disintegration of the traditional frame­ said ..." I worked with Max Reinhardt in started his career as a joumalist and later work has many facets. Though the Sheiks Munich's 1911 Festival. There, for the first became an actor and film star, appearing with are still the mediators in administrative mat­ time, I played with Max Pallenberg, who Elisabeth Bergner in " Geiger von Florenz". ters and the judges in inter-tribal courts, their really was a genius. I didn't like playing with During the war he worked successfully for authority has greatly declined because him very much, he always made me laugh. I had more discipline than he, but I was not the German section of the B.B.C. at Bush Bedouins are bringing their cases before a genius and he was." These words, and many House. He also published several books. Israeli civil courts. These nomads still live, more, spoken by the unique and unforgettable After the death of his wife he retumed to as they did in olden times, in their black diva can now be heard on a long-playing Germany, where he mainly concentrates on tents, but with a difference. Parked next to record which has been produced by Roccoco television work.—Alfred Kantorowicz, the their goats and camels is either a Mercedes Record (Toronto). The main part of the author, who fought in the Spanish Civil War or Chevrolet car. No doubt they have had record consists of songs recited in her inimi­ and who survived the Nazi regime in the their share in the general prosperity. When table voice, the first of which is Viktor Hol­ United States, has celebrated his 70th birth­ rain is plentiful their flocks find enough pas­ laender's " Lachcouplet", followed by Paul day. He retumed to Germany after the war turage ; when there is a year of drought they Lincke's song, in which she is partnered by Henry Bender. Most of the others are by and in 1957 moved from East to West Ger­ receive compensation from the Ministry of Leo Fall where she is partnered by Kutzner, many.—Liane Haid, who is happily married •A^griculture. A saying has it that many Matzner, Molly Wessely and Max Pallenberg and living in Lucerne, has also attained 70. Redouins pray to Allah for a drought. (in "Madame Pompadour"). PEM Obituary: Thomas Mann's eldest daughter, H Erika, actress, authoress and founder of the The Bloomsbury Centre Hotel—one of London's pre-war touring cabaret " Pfefifermuehle", newest most comfortable and reasonably priced has died in Zurich at the age of 64 after a ! London's hotels. Bookings accepted for functions (Fish long illness. She was the editor of her meals and Receptions) to be catered under the father's correspondency.—The joumalist and supervision of the Kashrus Commission. author, Wolfgang Bretholz, died in Lausanne Three-course meals start at 18s. 6d. shortly after his 65th birthday. He com­ [ Newest For further details of the wide range of menced his career under Theodor Wolfif with banqueting facilities contact: the Berliner Tageblatt, and was the diplomatic Andrei Eldon-Edington, Bloomsbury Centre Hotel, correspondent of Welt am Sonntag in Ham­ I Banqueting Coram Street, Russell Square, London, WCl. burg.—Professor Adolf Grabowsky, founder Telephone: 01-837 1200 of "Zeitschrift fuer Politik" and " Welt- politisches Archiv", has died in an old age I Venue iE> CENTRE home in Basle at the age of 89. "^^ for comfort and value PEM Page 6 AJR INFORMATION October, 1969

J. Raphael ing Salomon Heine's example, the Gumpels devoted a considerable part of their Kehilla interests to the institutions of Jewish welfare. In December, 1837, Lazarus Gumpel estab­ HEINE'S GUMPELINO lished a " Stiftung" bearing his name. Premises at No. 40-42 Schlachterstrasse Fact or Fiction ? were suitably restored for the accommodation of impoverished Jewish families or single per­ An anniversary of peculiar interest and or Meyerstein family of Hildesheim, and their sons, a legacy which was terminated only charm will, it seems, remain unnoticed this two sons Eduard and Gustavus. Already a under the Nazi regime in 1942. year. About 200 years ago a man called Laza­ year later, the name of Lazarus Gumpel As already mentioned, one of the Gumpels rus Gumpel was bom in Hildesheim of a appeared as " merchant" in the Hamburg celebrated his golden wedding day in 1840. decent Jewish family. This man became a dis­ Directory (" Adressbuch "), in the register of This can only apply to Lazarus Gumpel whose tinguished member of the Jewish community Hamburg's Jewish Community. By 1817 he marriage had taken place in 1790, thus, in the in Hamburg, and, together with his sons was mentioned as a " citizen " in the list of writer's view, solving the " puzzle" of the Eduard and Gustavus, took a decisive part in Hamburg's " residents and foreigners". In identity of Heine's Gumpel figure. the struggle for Jewish emancipation. But that the Kehilla taxation books of the " Deutsch- Lazarus Gumpel died on November 9, 1843, was not all. By some strange encounter with lsraelitische Gemeinde" it is recorded that and was buried in the Jewish cemetery in a pretty controversial author, Herr Lazarus Lazarus's annual Kehilla tax amounted to Hamburg (Leichenregister der Deutsch- Gumpel was drawn into the limelight of 1,500 Marks, an impressive figure in those Israelitischen Gemeinde 1843, Nr. 198). Only literary capriciousness. This author was Hein­ years, but still far below that of his contempor­ one year later his lifelong amiable adversary, rich Heine. ary (and business competitor) Salomon Heine Salomon Heine, passed away. The last years Heine addicts are well acquainted with the who paid a yearly 2,800 Marks. Both the of Lazarus's life were clouded by the sudden brilliantly composed chapters in the " Die banker Heine and the merchant Gumpel were death of his eldest son, Eduard, on December Baeder von Lucca" in which, among other widely respected by Jews and Gentiles. Both 14, 1839, at the age of 48. He too was amusing figures, a grotesque Marquese, Crito- were extremely enterprising in commerce and interested in the general welfare work of the foro di Gumpelino, is depicted. According to finance, owners of peaceful country houses, city as well as of the Jewish community. the poet, he was an " old friend from Ham­ neighbours in fashionable Ottensen, but also Married to Henriette Gueterbock, he lived for burg ", previously known as Christian Gumpel, endowed with a strong-willed character and a a while in Berlin where, in 1825, his son Gus­ a banker by profession, now baptised, anxi­ rather unruly temper. While Gumpel—a late­ tav was born. Eduard's burial in the Hamburg ously trying to camouflage his Jewish origin. comer on the scene—was eager to imitate his Jewish cemetery is also recorded (Leichenreg. Incidentally, Heine wrote these chapters only neighbour's attractive and elegant style of der Deutsch-Israelit. Gemeinde 1839, Nr. 213). three years after his own conversion to life, Salomon Heine ridiculed such hopeless Lazarus Gumpel's other son, Gustavus (bom Christianity. The name of the banker Christian efiforts by someone who, after all, was only an 1793), a shrewd businessman, was ofificially Gumpel had already appeared in the " Harz­ " upstart ". Frequent little rows and hoaxes entered as a member of the Hamburg Jewish reise " and the book " Le Grand" (Heine: between these two gentlemen did, however, community in December, 1825, shortly before " When I saw the banker Christian Gumpel, I by no means preclude social meetings on the his engagement to Julie Jaques, the 20-year- remembered the destruction of Jerusalem occasion of family celebrations or so-called old daughter of David Jaques and his wife . . ."). Heine also mentioned him as late as " soirees ", where famous people, politicians Louise (Betty) n6e Hertz. The wedding took 1844 in his " Wintermaerchen ". and experts of finance and trade got together. place on May 25, 1826. Precisely 23 years It is not surprising that the Gumpel- It may be that young Heinrich Heine was later, in May, 1849, Gustavus died, aged 56 Gumpelino caricature has given rise to much introduced to Gumpel at a social evening in (Leichenregister der Deutsch-Israelit. Ge­ speculation and curiosity. Adolf Strodtmann May, 1823, arranged in Gross-Borstel near meinde 1849, Nr. 92). Madame Julie Gumpel (" Heine's Leben und Werke", vol. 1, Ham­ Hamburg. remarried on November 11, 1854, this time burg 1884) wrote : " The original was a well- Together with Salomon Heine, Lazarus Gum­ His Excellency, the Imperial Russian Envoy known personality in Hamburg, the banker pel headed a group of leading Jewish citizens in Hamburg, Anton Gustav August von Struve, Gumpel. His first name was, however, not who, under the influence of Gabriel Riesser, after having been baptised five weeks before at Christian, but Lazarus. He lived near Salomon fought for Jewish emancipation, presenting a St. Petri-Church. Her death was recorded on Heine's country house at Ottensen, most eager petition to the Senate, and subsequently April 11, 1865 (Leichenregister St. Petri, Ham­ to imitate the millionaire's (i.e., Salomon became members of a so-called " Committee of burg, Nr. 205). Heine's) habits. Salomon Heine was delighted Nine " which was formed by the Kehilla with There still remains the question, why Heine by the facetious caricature of his business the purpose of enlightening Jews and Gen­ staged the Gumpelino masquerade. It is rival". Strodtmann's interpretation has been tiles about Jewish emancipatory trends and unlikely that it only resulted from the poet's repeated by many other Heine scholars. their realisation in a modern society. FoUow- fancy for such fireworks or from his eagerness A few passages in Heine's private corre­ to get into the limelight of society talk. It spondence may give a clue to Gumpel's identi­ may—at least partly—have emanated from the fication. In a letter to his friend, the poet- countless humiliations and disappointments painter Johann Peter Lyser, dated Hamburg, Don't suffer from the effects of DRY AIR caused by which Heine had experienced in his younger January 6, 1830, Heine mentions a young years in Hamburg. gentleman, a Mr. Gumpel, who pretends to be Central-Heating It is also possible that by the persiflage of the Marquese di Gumpelino, and " er wuenscht Salomon Heine's business opponent the mir den Tod ". More illuminating is a brief nephew-poet tried to improve his private rela­ hint made, quite incidentally, in a letter from tions with his Hamburg family members and Paris early in 1840 to Madame Cecilie Heine especially with the rich uncle. It was indeed (n6e Fould), the wife of his cousin Karl, in from the " Baeder von Lucca " that on Septem­ Hamburg. There Heine speaks of memories ber 15, 1828, Heinrich Heine addressed a which had remained " engraved " in his mind, rather submissive epistle to Hamburg: "... the good ones and also the most absurd cari­ and please do not make so many complaints catures of Hamburg ..." only that I am think­ about me ... " and—as is known—uncle Salo­ ing with more pleasure of the Madonna della mon was afterwards delighted by the Gum­ Sedia than of Signor Gumpelino whose golden pelino scurrility, without in any way changing wedding you are now celebrating. . . ." Fried- his opinion of the amusing nephew. rich Hirth, the editor of the comprehensive Maybe that a final " explanation " can only edition of Heine's letters (Mainz 1951), only be found by a psychological approach. Con­ adds the following remark to this passage: INSTALL A HUMIDIFIER fronted with a perplexity of an utterly "There were in Hamburg many persons of unbalanced daily life and confused by unful­ that type, but it cannot be established to which on your Radiator and be free from an unpleasant filled expectations, on the summer moming of them the remark about the golden wedding and unhealthy aunosphere. of July 28, 1825, Heine's road led to the refers". It will, therefore, be interesting to INEXPENSIVE—NO RUNNING COSTS baptismal font in the friendly sitting-room of look into the family history of the Hamburg Ask for details from : Pastor Grimme, Heiligenstadt. This step did Gumpels. The Humidifier Ca. not, however, solve the poet's predicament In 1814, not long after the termination of which kept on tormenting him to the end of the French occupation, Lazams Gumpel settled 25 Bridge Rood, Wembley Pork, Middx his days. Perhaps subconsciously his escape in Hamburg, together with his wife Sophia ARNold 7603 into the Gumpelino fiction was an attempt to (Sprinze) who came from the (Elias) Meyer get it out of his system. AJR INFORMATION October, 1969 Page 7

Johanna PhiUppton Whilst he was in hiding I had to see many parents from all over Germany, whose sons and daughters had been expelled from their schools in the last term before the final exam­ A JEWISH GRAMMAR SCHOOL IN ination. They had been told by the authorities that their children might sit their finals at our NAZI BERLIN school, which was licensed by the govenunent to accept them. Thus we enrolled 20 new " sixth-formers ", who came from various types Remembrances of the " Wilsnacker Strasse " of grammar schools with very different syllabi. 4 Strauss managed to let them have tuition in Whilst I was reading the obituary on Pro­ tion of the Jews in Berlin had so greatly all the subjects they needed, because he had fessor Bruno Strauss in the July issue of AJR deteriorated that the headmaster could not an excellent stafif. Information, memories sprang to my mind of take the risk of assembling so many Jews in Thus I had suddenly 32 students in my class. the " Oberschule der Jiidischen Gemeinde zu one place. How right he was. Soon after this Some were very gifted. They would not have Berlin," at which I had taught from its begin­ school performance the " Kristallnacht" defi­ been tolerated for so long in the State schools ning in 1937 until 1939. Brano Strauss had nitely proved that Jews could no longer live had they not been very much the " assimi­ been my colleague at the Adass Yisroel school, in Germany. lated " type. At first some of them were full in whose Orthodox atmosphere neither of us One afternoon Strauss rang me and asked of prejudice against the " Judenschule ". How­ had felt at ease, and when he became head­ me to go to see him in his oflSce at once. ever, they soon adjusted themselves, as they master of the new school in the Wilsnacker He told me he had been warned that all Jewish felt that we were doing everything we could Strasse he took me with him. He had never men might be taken to a concentration camp to help them. taught girls, whereas I had 21 years' experi­ the following night. Should he frighten the ence in various girls' schools in Berlin and staflf by informing them ? I advised him to As form mistress, I had to write a report on Was, therefore, able to assist him with the do so. He immediately telephoned those he each examinee before the commencement of co-educational system of the new school. was able to reach, and asked them to meet the examination. This was not an easy task, The school was to help those Jewish chil­ him in his oflfice. They all came, some accom­ as they had only come to the school in Novem­ dren who had been turned out of the Berlin panied by their anxious wives. After lengthy ber and the examinations would be in Feb­ grammar schools and whose parents could not deliberation the men decided to spend the ruary. The peaceful atmosphere of my class afiford the high fees of the private schools that night in the school building. This was what seemed to have vanished. These boys and girls had been founded in the Gmnewald. Its staflf the Berliners called a " Gartenhaus", situ­ had never been to a co-educational school consisted mainly of teachers who had been ated at the back of a typical Berlin block of before. They began flirting with each other, Pensioned ofif by the Nazi authorities because flats. Nobody would think of searching there. something my old pupils had never done, of their " non-Aryan" origin, and of some Thus, Strauss saved many colleagues from because they looked on each other as good younger teachers who had not yet qualified being taken to a concentration camp. comrades. One day my old pupils complained for a permanent position when they were He authorised me to take his place as head to me that I no longer questioned them during sacked by the Nazis. of the school and went into hiding. This meant lessons, but only asked questions of the new Everybody was happy in the school; the sleeping away from home and spending his pupils. I explained to them that whilst I teachers becausue they could again work in days in the State Library, where he was safe. knew their abilities, because we had worked their chosen profession, the children and their We met every day in the Tiergarten, and I together for two years, I had to ascertain parents because they appreciated the oppor­ reported to him what had happened at the whether the new pupils could be admitted to tunity of an education higher than could be school. Many teachers and pupils were absent, the examination. My old pupils understood given them by the existing " Mittelschule " of but we muddled through. For several days the situation. I learned at the school that the Jewish community. Teachers and pupils Strauss did not dare to go home. The last these young Jews co-operated readily if they Were generally on excellent terms with each time I met him he was very depressed. He were given a reasonable explanation as to why other, and there were no intrigues or enmities told me he had considered going " iiber die they were asked to do or not do certain things. among the staff. griine Grenze," which meant fleeing Germany The examination was a complete success. The chief reason for this peaceful team­ without the necessary papers. He decided, Thirty-two young Jews received their "Rei­ work was the personality of the headmaster. however, that because of his wife, already then fezeugnis " under the supervision of a State 1 had worked in many schools during the 21 a permanent invalid, he could no do it. That ofiBcial, as chairman of the board of examiners years of my career, and had often suffered was the only time I saw him lose his which consisted of all teachers of the class. under headmasters because I did not agree equanimity. Strauss had prepared this examination very with their pedagogical views and methods. I carefully and it went ofif without a hitch. The ^nnot remember any difference of opinion chainnan was full of admiration for the ability between Strauss and myself which we did not of the examinees. He even asked me to give ^anage to settle to our mutual satisfaction. better marks for some of the German essays. He was always calm, friendly, just and ready He forgot that he was in a Jewish school and ^9 listen to suggestions. He always saw both described a boy from Hanover, who was a bit S'des, the interests of the teacher and of the obstinate, as a " niedersachsischer Dick- children. PELTOURS schadel." Some of the new students said when The only difference of opinion I had with they left that it was the nicest school they Strauss arose because of my class's English had ever attended. master, an elderly man. He bored the young World Wide Travel Agents I think that the greatest merit of the school was that it introduced the pupils to European People, who were keen to leam English, as for •^ost of them hoped to emigrate to English- and, especially, to real German, culture with­ speaking countries. He was unable to make Business and Pleasure out referring, as far as this was possible, to them work and to maintain discipline. I sub- the dismal contemporary conditions. The chil­ '^itted to the headmaster the wish of the dren loved their school, because it was a <^Iass to have another English teacher. He peaceful place where they belonged and where J"6fused to comply, saying : " I could not do they were able to forget the diflBculties of the outside world. |hat to the old gentleman." I suggested that We have moved to the desire of 20 young people to be better To the best of my knowledge, the school equipped for their future was more important, continued in existence for a year after I had J'j^t Strauss remained adamant. Fortunately, left and was then closed down by the Nazi 'he old man emigrated some months later. No 72 Wigmore Street authorities, °ther staflf member was willing to accept the I do not want to give the impression that e&ponsibility of a badly prepared class only I thought the school was perfect. No school * few months prior to the final examination. London W.l can be accurately judged before a whole As there was no other way out of the generation has passed through it, and this "ilemma I undertook this difiBcult task. I 'phone school was in existence for only three years could not do much to improve their English, and run under the most difiBcult circum­ .."ij they all passed the examination. I read stances. However, it enabled a small group »The Importance of Being Earnest," by Oscar 01-935 5500 of Berlin Jews—children, parents and teachers J*"de, with them, and they acted it before an —to live through those terrible times, in audience of pupils. We had intended to invite increasingly hostile surroundings, without le parents to that performance, but the situa­ losing courage and hope. ssmsssMm^sm^nssmt ssBssmms^

Page 8 AJR INFORMATION October, 1969 Erich Gottgetreu (Jerusalem) book as the work of a " Randjude ", of a marginal Jew. However, if aU the roads lead to Rome, many lead to Jerusalem, too. While reading " Vita Nuova in Kanaan ", MANY ROADS LEAD TO I inevitably thought of two great German- Jewish authors who after their settling in JERUSALEM pre-State Israel also started rethinking the Jewish problem: Arnold Zweig and In a statement of his credo the publisher worked under the most adverse conditions, Max Brod. While Zweig, partly under the of this German language book* says that was extremely great. They included such negative influence of unhappy personal the selection of the works he issues is not distinguished authors as Alfred Doeblin, experiences, became such an extreme case determined by opinion polls, market re­ Franz Werfel, Lion Feuchtwanger, Max of Zionist self-hate that he had even to be search and commercial considerations but Brod, Arnold and Stefan Zweig, Rudolf rebuked by Sigmund Freud, as their re- simply by his personal taste. This is the Borchardt, Walter Benjamin, Karl Wolfs­ centily published correspondence shows, very sound principle on which all the good kehl, Hermann Broch, EUas Canetti, Max Brod was sufficiently down to earth German publishers of the past built their Joseph Roth, Nelly Sachs, Alfred Kerr— to see that a renaissance, however frag­ business—from Johann Friedrich Cotta to to name only a few. Their Jewish origin mentary, was the nucleus of a Jewish home­ Albert Langen, Samuel Fischer, Kurt Wolff, did not always imply a specific Jewish land with potentialities of fulfilment. Georg Anton Kippenberg and Ernst Rowohlt— involvement, though in most cases the Strauss, despite his doubts and his frequent though, as business grew, they may have catastrophe of the Swastika years awakened criticisms of daily life in Israel, is certainly recruited reinforcement by highly edu­ their Jewish consciousness. much nearer to Max Brod, and in his atti­ cated publishers' readers. tude to the country was inspired by very In the case of George Strauss's "Vita Assimilated German Jews much the same intuition. Nuova in Kanaan", the publisher was Georg Strauss occupies a special place There must have been feelings of mutual certainly not misled by his taste. While among them, not because of popular fame, attraction between Strauss and Brod. We readers on the look-out for thrills may be which has eluded him so far, but because know that Brod appreciated Strauss's writ­ disappointed, this reflective novel, which of the quality of his writing. His last book, ings enormously, though he could not ren­ sometimes lireaks into verse, is in my " Vita Nuova in Kanaan", is one of the der him the same literary midwife services opinion one of the best books written in very few works which, on an artistic level, he had decades ago been able to perform German by any refugee author, though deals with the problems of the emigra­ in Prague for Kafka, Werfel, Thorberg and its specific theme and its highly literary tion of German Jews to Eretz Israel and many others. Times had changed, many level are likely to preclude its popularity. with their attempts of " Judaising" and publishers had vanished and Brod himself Essentially composed as a dialogue between " Zionising" themselves after a period was wandering from one publisher to the the author and the woman he loves, it is of emancipation and assimilation. For a next. Thus all he could do was to write a most unusual combination of fiction, variety of historical and sociological some favourable reviews of Strauss's books. poetry and essay. reasons the economic and cultural integra­ About Strauss's earlier novel, " Sistina ", Strauss's book recalls once more that tion of Jewry in pre-Hitler Germany had Brod said that it approached Thomas when the Nazi barbarians ruled over Ger­ gone farther than in most other parts of Mann's " Magic Mountain". many and did their best—or their worst— the world, and this sometimes made their There is some foundation for this high to demolish the German classical heritage, integration in Eretz Israel more compli­ praise. Mann's influence on Strauss is to it was above all due to the great exile cated. " Vita Nuova in Kanaan" reflects be felt everywhere. In fact, among the authors like Thomas and Heinrich Mann, these complications with an analytical con­ many beautiful pages of " Vita Nuova" Bert Brecht, Carl Zuckmayer and the ciseness from which even historians of less several are dealing with Thomas Mann's Austrian Robert Musil, that the spirit emancipated Jewish groups " on the way work, stressing its humanism as manifested of German letters was preserved for better back " could learn, "nie book reflects the in "The Beloved Returns" ("Lotte in days. The number of Jewish or half-Jewish thorough soul-searching of a tormented Weimar") and in the Joseph tetralogy. writers among the emigre authors from man who seeks a place of refuge and hope. Strauss knows whom and how to thank. German-speaking countries, who generally Of the numerous poems with which his Strauss is honest enough to realise that book is interspersed, the one dedicated to * Georg Strauss : Vila Nuova In Kanaan : Verlag Helmut his deep involvement in the German lan­ Kussodo AG., Genf, Hamburg. guage and poetry, and his knowledgeable the memory of Thomas Mann is among the attachment to the art of the Italian Renais­ most beautiful. sance (prior to his immigration to Palestine the author lived in Florence from 1933 to 1938) on the one hand, and, on the other Special opportunity hand, his limited Jewish background, cumu­ latively had for him the effect of a Chinese Wall blocking the entrance to the With the Compliments of to acquire fine wines re-born homeland. Certainly, history and his own personal fate taught him the need and justification of a Jewish National of great Vintages at Home. He is also aware of the uncondi­ tional love of Israeli youth to their country as well as of the boundless efforts DICK & GOLDSCHMIDT made by the pioneers of the desert and most advantageous mountain settlements. Yet, he cannot sup­ LTD press his doubts as to whether the new nationalism born with the Jewish renais­ prices sance does not detract from the spiritual and ethical principles which he wants to be the basis for the humanist revival of Write for remnant lists of fine wines his nation. Of course, it is this humanist from Rhine, Moselle, Franconia and conception of a Jewish State and this prophetic quest which makes the book in other European districts. reality very . . . Jewish. Some nationalist or outspoken religious-orthodox readers in Israel may be tempted to deprecate the Please state name of your usual supplier. BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS. Write to department A.R., Always interested in purchasing well-preserved instruments. London. W.l S. F. & O. HALLGARTEN JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. 1 Crutched Friars, London, E.C.3 2 Park West Place, Marble Arch, W.2 Tel.: PAD. 8818/9 AJR INFORMATION October, 1968 Page 9 Rabbi Dr. S. ISeufeld ties. Humboldt who was open to anything new, learnt Hebrew cursive script from Henriette Herz, although not Hebrew itself, and corresponded with her from Tegel in that script. One of his letters is addressed from WILHELM VON HUMBOLDFS JEWISH ASSOCIATES " Castle Boredom ", which was a pretty hard and somewhat dangerous piece of criticism from a Junker of the Brandenburg Mark. Wilhelm von Humboldt was born more than to Jews of high repute. It is sometimes Later on Humboldt also established social 200 years ago, in June, 1767, in Potsdam and suggested that he was occasionally invited to contacts with Jews as Prussian delegate to the died in 1835 at his castle of Tegel. His achieve­ the Mendelssohns' on Friday evenings, hut Congress of Vienna, and once again his con­ ments on behalf of the Jews are well-known this seems rather doubtful. It was, after all, tacts were with the same circle that was fully and will only be mentioned briefly below. It hardly customary to issue invitations to non- divorced from Judaism: Fanni Arnstein and is, however, worth taking a closer look at how Jews particularly on Friday evenings. Frau v. Eskeles from the Viennese banking he came into contact with leading Jews and While Moses Mendelssohn personally con­ house of Arnstein and Eskeles. We must consequently strove for an improvement in tinued to live in the traditional Jewish manner regretfully conclude that inexorably those their position. without realising that his lukewarm education Jews who kept themselves apart from Jewish Nearly all the Jews with whom he was of his children was opening the door to circles were soon lost to Judaism. closely associated lived in Berlin and all of apostasy, there could no longer be the slightest Humboldt's accomplishments on behalf of them more or less already belonged to a group doubt about Humboldt's second contact, David the Jews are not, however, open to doubt. with a modern outlook. Three personalities Friedlaender. He was a Berlin city councillor Even in his youth he and his brother Alexan­ require special mention: Moses Mendelssohn and most active in the fight for Jewish emanci­ der, the geographer and naturalist, were con­ and his family, David Friedlaender and pation, but also believed in their gradual sidered to be " protectors of Judaism." As Henriette Herz. absorption into a watered-down common Prussian Minister of Culture he attempted to Moses Mendelssohn, who opened the way for religion. Humboldt was deeply impressed by obtain full equality of rights for Jews. In the Jews to modern culture, was about forty Friedlaender's discourses which fortified him his view there were no grounds for with­ years older than Humboldt, but his children in his resolve to demand equal rights for the holding rights from Jews if they carried out Were the latter's contemporaries. With his Jews. all their obligations. There was in his view son Joseph and also occasionally with his The third friendship is even more illuminat­ also no justification for demanding a higher daughters Dorothea and Henriette, Wilhelm ing : Henriette Herz nee de Lemos, wife of the standard of German education before granting VOn Humboldt attended Moses Mendelssohn's Jewish doctor Markus Herz. For a time equal rights since the State was a juridical early mprning lectures on the existence of Humboldt corresponded with her but—in and not an educational institution. As Minis­ God, which the latter subsequently published Hebrew cursive script, which is most remark­ ter Humboldt was associated with the founding in 1785 as " Morgenstunden oder Vorlesungen able. At that time those Jews who had already of Berlin University and has accordingly been neber das Dasein Gottes." Humboldt was then escaped from the confines of the ghetto were honoured by it. Statues of the two brothers only 18 years old; at the time his friendship already writing in German, but instead of stand at the entrance to the university which with Mendelssohn's children was uncommon, using the German alphabet still employed the today actually bears the name Humboldt for it was very rare for the social barrier familiar Hebrew cursive script. Even Mendels­ University. 'The name has also been per­ between Christians and Jews to be broken sohn had been forced to write his German petuated in ofher parts of the city of Berlin. down. In the case of Humboldt there was the translation of the Bible in Hebrew script in A large park in the north is called Humboldt- additional fact that his family formed part order to be sure of getting the Jews to read Hain, and the Berlin High School for adult of the ancient aristocracy and this forced him it. Until about 1850 German was usually education which was founded almost ninety to exercise a certain amount of reserve. written in Hebrew script among Jews, even years ago, is known as the Humboldt-Volks- Nevertheless he sought out and found his way in the minutes books of the Jewish communi- hochschule.

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^t^ ADVERTISEMENT COLUMNS These are the ways (} width ol page) in which you can help: £1.10s. per inch, single column. A discount of 20% ll granted lor order* CONTRIBUTIONS ol six or mors Insertions. Orders should be received by tlie 10th of UNDER the precedino month. COVENANT " AJR Inlofmallon," t FaMu Mansions, London, N.W.J 'Phone : MAIda Vale 9096/7 GIFTS IN YOUR CHANGE OF ADDRESS LIFETIME In order to ensure that you receive Rosebud Range j^^M^ A BEQUEST your copy of " AJR Information " regularly, please inform us imme­ *'irnier'Control foundations. it^o^*'^^^?'^^^^^^^^^^ IN YOUR diately of any cfiange of address. New from Silhouette. fcOL!3^*^^^r?>3frrT^ WILL ^ he makers of Little X. i^^'^^'S^r?"*^^^! i s]^^^7 O iL <* (ELECTRICAL 1 TQ Space doniIte d by •»• CI U. INSTALLATION*) ~ ' "• TRADE CUTTER S LIMITED, 199b Belsize Road, N.W.S MAI. 2646/KIL 2646 BrHannla Works, 14 VIcar Lane, Electrical Contractors & Stockists ^riets Silhouette Ijd., / 25 St. Pancras Way, Ossett, London, N.W.1 Yorks. of all Electrical Appliances ** Baker St., Loniort W.l 01-387 7461/5 09-243 4675 OFriCIALLY APPOINTED HOOVER SCRVICE DEALERS Page 10 AJR INFORMATION October, 1969 THE ISRAEU SCENE CHURCHES ON TUE MIDDLE EAST In an eight-point statement on the Middle East, the World Council of Churches declared RECORD BRITISH TRADE CHIEF RABBIS OPPOSE CASALS' that by supporting the establishment of the PERFORMANCE State of Israel without protection of the rights British exports to Israel have been running of Palestinians, the Great Powers had done 25 per cent above the level of the first half Paiblo Casals, the world-famous, 94-year-old an injustice to the Palestinian Arabs which of 1968 and the total for 1969 may reach the 'celUst and composer, went to Israel to con­ should be redressed. Commenting on the £ 100,000,000 mark. This was announced at the duct the first performances of his oratorio, resolution, the Rev. W. W. Simpson told the annual meeting of the Anglo-Israel Chamber " The Manger ", in Jerusalem and Caesarea as Jewish Chronicle that any attempt to assess of Commerce in London by Mr. J. A. Lewando, art of the Israel Festival. The Ashkenazi and the significance of the statement had to take a member of its executive and chairman of Eephardi Chief Raibbis, Rabbi Unterman and into consideration the fact that the World the Israel Committee of the British National Rabbi Nissim, disagreed with the performan­ Council embraced Eastern Orthodox (includ­ Export Council. Israeli exports to Britain have ces, because in their view the work was of a ing Middle East and East European), as well not been doing so well. missionary character. In reply, Mr. Moshe Kol, as Western churches. The statement, Mr Earlier the meeting gave unanimous appro­ Minister of Tourism, told Rabbi Unterman that Simpson said, affirmed the rights of all peoples val to the election of Sir Henry d'Avigdor- the message of the oratorio was world peace. in the area and also specificaUy referred to Goldsmid, M.P., as chairman of the Anglo- The festival authorities declined to cancel the Israel. Israel Chamber of Commerce, in succession to presentation of the work, which is considered Dr. Alec Lerner. Mr. Michael Siefl was elected of world significance, especially in these criti­ JOINT JEWISH-ARAB PATROLS a vice-chairman and Mr. L. C. Pickering trea­ cal times. On his arrival in Israel, Mr. Casals surer for another term of oflBce. said at a press conference : " I feel at home Volunteers will be asked by the Haifa here in Israel. It has been a lifelong dream authorities to register for service with joint £100 TRIPS FROM BRITAIN to come here and, God willing, I wiU return JewishiArab patrols as a step towards resum­ again and again. ... I feel I am your brother ". ing the traditional friendly relations between The Israeli Ministries of Labour and Absorp­ the two communities. tion, the Jewish Agency and the Israeli Ofifice PRIZE FOR SABRA CONDUCTOR of the British Zionist Federation are sponsor­ MISS HANNA SCHALL 75 ing a scheme under which, for £100, Britons The Koussevitsky Memorial Conducting will be flown to Israel, tramed in any of ten Prize, awarded by the America-Israel Cultural The social worker, Hanna Schall, recently professions in living-in courses and returned Foundation, was won by Yoav Talmi, a sabra. celebrated her 75th birthday in Haifa. Prior to Britain if they so desire. In return, the During the coming season Mr. Talmi will be to her emigration she held responsible posi­ participants will have to work in Israel for associate conductor of the Louisville Sym­ tions with the head office of the Welfare De­ twelve months on completion of their courses phony Orchestra and music director of the partment of the Berlin Jewish Community. or, failing that, they must pay their fare home. Kentucky Chamber Orchestra. The chairman She was also well known to many yoimg Jews of the Foundation's board is Isaac Stern, the outside her profession by her activities in the BUILDING BOOM violinist. " Seesener Kreis," which comprised Jewish social workers as well as memibers of the Jew­ There is a national shortage of 12,000 build­ ISRAELI ACTOR IN THE ROLE OF JESUS ish Youth Movement, and held gatheririgs in ing workers, because of the boom since the the home of the " Reichsausschuss juedischer Six-Day War and in spite of the influx of A Moroccan-tborn Israeli from an Orthodox Jugendverbaende." several thousand building workers from the Jewish family, Aharon Ipale, is playing the Hanna Schall remained at her post in Ger­ occupied territories. main role—a character who acts the part of many up to the end, and escaped to England MEDICAL FACULTY IN HAIFA Jesus—^in the current BBC-2 serial " Christ only shortly before the outbreak of war. A Recruicifled." He came to this country five Zionist of long standing, she emigrated to About 40 Israeli medical students who have years ago and studied drama on a grant Israel after the establishment of the Jewish attended foreign universities, mainly in Italy, awarded by the Anglo-Jewish Association. State, and was appointed a welfare worker for will begin their fourth year at the medical While Mr. Ipale appreciates the irony of a the Arab districts of Haifa. She now lives in faculty now opened at Haifa University Jew playing the part of Jesus, it does not the Flatlet Home on the Carmel, established College. worry him, he told a Jewish Chronicle repor­ by the Irgun Oley Merkaz Europa. Her friends ter. He intends to return to Israel "within and former colleagues send her their heartiest SCROLLS ON DISPLAY the next couple of years." birthday wishes. Israel Museum experts are creating in MASSADA FILM WITH SELLERS? AWARD FOR AMERICAN-JEWISH AUTHOR the gallery of the Rockefeller Museum in Jeru­ salem the special atmospheric conditions re­ In an interview with a Jewish Chronicle re­ The American-Jewish author, Isaac Bashevis quired to display to the public the seven Dead porter, Mr. Peter Sellers stated that he had Singer, has been awarded the German prize Sea Scrolls found there at the end of the Six- an " active interest" in a film Joseph Shiftel for children's -books by the German Committee Day War. is planniivg to make of the Massada story. of Literature for Children.

FAMILY EVENTS Schalscha.—Dr. Erich Schalscha, of Situations Wanted FRENCH AND GERMAN coaching 60 Brent Street, London N.W.4, FORMER MANAGERESS, fashion lessons given by exiperienced Birthdays passed away on September 9th. teacher. Moderate rates. Please Baer.—Mrs. Jenny Baer (nee Heid­ trade, good at figures, disabled, write to Box 097. elberger), of 252 Willesden Lane, Deeply mourned by his wife. Lore seeks part-time sedentary clerical Schalscha, brother, Sylvius Shal­ work either in oflfice or her own London, N.W.2 (formerly Heil­ sha, and vnfe, by the large, wide­ Personal bronn a/N.), will celebrate her home. Would also consider recep­ spread family and friends. tion/telephone work. Box 095. LADY, Continental origin, early SOth birthday on October 7th. fifties, independent means, wishes Lewin.—Mr. Arnold Lewin, of 30 In Memoriam Accommodation Vacant to meet gentleman between 58-63 King's Gardens, West End Lane. Bourne.—^Margaret Bourne (nee years. Object companionship/ London, N.W.B, will celebrate his TO LET, four-roomed house in matrimony. Box 092. 85th birthday on October 23rd. Kerpen, 2 Eland Road, Croydon, Hendon, with immediate vacant Plaut.—Dr. Hubert C. Plaut, of Surrey, died October 20th, 1968. possession. Near shopping centre PROFESSIONAL MAN, 55/56, 14 Holly IHiU Drive, Bansteadj, A charming personality, loved by and transport facilities. Centrally divorced, house and car owner, Surrey (formerly Berlin), will all who knew her. A dear wife and heated. Not quite completely fur­ wishes to meet attractive divorcee' celebrate his SOth birthday on good companion. Always remem­ nished. £15 per week or near offer. or widow aged 38-40 residing in October 31st. bered. 'Phone 01-203 4412 after 8 p.m. London. Object matrimony. Please CLASSIFIED reply with photographs to Box 093. Deaths Miscellaneous The charge in these columns is WIDOW, middle 50s, with ordinary Brunswic.—Mrs. Claire Brunswic 3s. for five uwrds. EXCLUSIVE FUR REPAIRS AND house, large garden, 2 cats, would (nee Gerschel), widow of Dr. Willy RE-STYLING. All kinds of fur like elderly gentleman to lodge Brunswic (Braunschweig), for­ Situations Vacant work undertaken by first-class with her as a companion. Box 096. merly Heidelberg, passed away in renovator and stylist, many /ears' Paris on August 22nd, in her 78th Women experience and best references. MISSING PERSONS year. Deeply moumed by her SINGLE ELDERLY LADY, resid­ •Phone 452 5867 after 5 p.m. for children. Dr. H. Brunswic, 49 rue ing in Klosters (Switzerland), not appointments. Mrs. F. Phillipp, AJR Enquiries Ampere, Paris 17e, E. Brunswic in good state of health, seeks un­ 44 Ellesmere Road, Dollis Hill, and A. Vadnai (nee Brunswic) and derstanding companion-help, for a London. N.W.IO. Bettel.—Mr. Chiel Mayer Bettel, her grandchildren. few months. Salary 200 S. Francs born 4.10.1897 at Polanice, Krs. per month. Box 094. KEEP-FIT MOVEMENT LESSONS Sandomierski, Poland. A tailor, Felix.—Dr. Eugen Felix, M.D. (Laban Method) given by former resident in Berlin from 1921- Vienna, of 23 Old Manor Court, HOUSEKEEPER / ATTENDANTS L.C.C. teacher in your own home 1934. Emigrated to Manchester in Abbey Road, London, N.W.S, required for elderly sick or or mine. Moderate terms. Please October, 1934. Worked with the passed away peacefully on Septem­ invalid people. Full or part-time. write for details to Box (>98. firm of Leopold Seligman in Man­ ber 14th, aged 77. Deeply mourned AJR Employment Agency, MAIda SMALL ORIENTAL RUGS chester and later moved with that by his wife, family and friends. Vale 4449. expertly repaired. HAM. 9806. firm to London. AJR INFORMATION October, 1969 Page 11

MARTIN MILLER IN MEMORIAM Martin Miller, who recently passed away at the age of 69 whilst on location of " The MRS. GERTRUD SCHACHNE ihr auferlegt, das sie mit bewundernswerter Last Valley" in Innsbruck, was surely the Haltung ohne Klagen getragen hat. Aber sie busiest of the refugee actors who achieved It is announced with deep regret that Mrs. war doch bei uns, denn es gab kein Problem, fame on stage, screen and T.V. Gertrud Schachne died on September 13 in das nicht in heiterer Ausspracbe mit ihr I first saw him in the '30s at " Literatur am her 78th year. geloest werden konnte. Nachmarkt", one of Vienna's little basement Her life was dedicated to the well-ibeing of Das hoechste Glueck fuer sie aber war ihre clubs, where he was appearing in cabaret as her fellow-Jews. After having served several Familie, die Toechter, die Enkeltoechter und an impersonator of his prominent contem­ Jewish causes in Germany, she soon found a der geliebte Scbwiegersohn. So war es ein poraries. Shortly after this he joined the niche for herself, when new tasks arose after Segen fuer sie, dass sie eingebettet in die sie Berlin Jewish " Kulturbund" theatre's her immigration to this country. She was umgebende unendliche liebe bei ihren Kin­ ensemble. endowed with a versatility, which enabled dern sanft von hinnen gehen durfte. Miller came to London shortly before the her to adapt herself to a variety of duties. So wird sie nie vergessen werden von alien, outbreak of the Second World War, and first After her arrival, she first cared for the die sie gekannt und vereihrt haben. Wir appeared in the " Latemdl" at the Austrian young refugees who had come over without werden zu ihrem Andenken einen (Jertrud Centre. He also worked for the Austrian their parents and to whom she became a Schachne-Wald in Israel fuer sie pflanzen. branch of the B.B.C. His first success on the mother. Later, she looked after members of Ich wuenschte, es gaebe einen Urwald, in dem English stage was his portrayal of " Dr. Ein­ the generation, then senior to her own, as wir alle die unermesslich grosse Liebe stein " in the long-running play " Arsenic and the Matron of the Home for elderly refugees pflanzen koennten fuer unsere Gertrud Old Lace ". Audiences loved him because to at Dartmouth Road. Those were the days of Schachne. them he represented all they identified with the war, of the blitz and of austerity, and we MARGARET JACOBY. a foreigner. He played in 1,000 perform­ tend to forget the difficulties whicih this ances of " The Mousetrap ", which has been entailed. RABBI DR. HAROLD REINHART running for 17 years to date. I remember Yet the climax of her career was the work him best in Williams' " Camino Real" and for the AJR Club which, together with Mrs. Rabbi Dr. Harold Reinhart died in London "The Tenth Man". Margaret Jacoby, she built up from small be­ at the age of 78. Born in Portland, Oregon Martin Miller was liked by all, both on ginnings. What her guidance and help meant (U.S.A.), he came to England in 1929 to be stage and oflf. He always found time to visit for the members of the Club is described in minister of the West London Synagogue. He old people's homes and to entertain the resi­ the tribute by Mrs. Jacoby which is published held this oflSce for 28 years, but, due to some dents. He lent his help to every charity. An differences of opinion vnth the synagogue's l>elow. honorary officers, resigned in 1958. He was admirer of Karl Kraus, he gave recitals of The circle of those who share their sense then invited to be minister of a new congre­ the writer's works, and I also particularly of loss witti her family is, however, much gation formed by his supporters at Upper remember Carl ("Papa") Roessler's SOth birth­ wider. She will be remembered with grati­ Berkeley Street, the Westminster Synagogue day party when he played all parts of " Feld­ tude and aflFection by all who knew her. in Knightsbridge. herrnhuegel ". Miller was a shy, modest and Rabbi Reinhart was a strong personality strongly religious man, who lived according "DIE SEELE DES AJR CLUB" who always had the courage of his convictions. to his principles. He will be missed by many. The earnestness and impressive delivery of his He enjoyed a happy family life with his wife, sermons and prayers were bound to make their Hanne Norbert, and their son Daniel. Es gibt Menschen, die dahin gehen, ohne impact on his congregants. At the same time, eine Spur ihres Daseins zu hinterlassen, imd he applied his religious conception to the PEM Menschen, deren Hinscheiden einen unersetz- political tasks of the day. A pacifist, he was lichen Verlust bedeutet fuer alle, die das active in the Campaign for Nuclear Disarma­ PROFESSOR OTTO STERN ment and took part in the organised marches. Glueck hatten, mit ihnen verbunden zu sein. The Nobel Prize winner for physics. Profes­ Solch eine Persoenlichkeit war Gertrud Above all, he was a most helpful personality. sor Otto Stern, died in California at the age Schachne. The plight of each individual was a personal concern for him. This attitude also resulted of 81. He was bora in Sorau (Lower Silesia) Die dreizehnjaehrige gemeinsame Arbeit in untiring eflforts for the benefit of the refu­ and studied at Breslau University. He worked wit ihr bedeutete eine Einheit des Verstaend- with Einstein in Prague and Zurich. In 1923 gees from Nazi oppression. His work in this he became professor of physical chemistry at nisses fuer den Aufbau des AJR Club. field was prompted by the recognition of the Hamburg University. He emigrated to the G^gruendet fuer die Einsamen, haben so Jewish cultural values developed on the Con­ United States in 1933. His work on the Quan­ ]^iele ihr Herz ausschuetten koennen bei tinent, and when he founded the Society for tum Theory won him international acclaim. ' Mutter Schachne ". Immer sorgend, immer Jewish Study, in 1946, he drew upon the belfend war sie die guetige Seele des Clubs. scholarship of distinguished refugee scholars and persuaded the late Dr. Leo Baeck to PROFESSOR JOSEPH GEORGE WE£5S Von innerem Frohsinn und unerschuet- become the president of the society. He also The Hebrew scholar and author, Professor terlichem Humor begleitet, gab ihr dieses was a personal friend to many former refu­ Joseph George Weiss, died at the age of 51. Werk Freude und Befriedigung. gees. He will be gratefully remembered by Born in Budapest, he was Professor in Hebrew In den letzten Jahren war schweres Leiden members of our community. Studies at University (Allege, London. 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LUGGAGE Hotel Pension HANDBAGS. UMBRELLAS AND THE DORICE 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' ALL LEATHER GOODS ARLET Continental Cuisine —Licensed TRAVEL GOODS 7, ._ MRS. L. SCHWARZ Nursery and Kindergarten ST. GABRIEL'S RD., LONDON, N.W.2 169a Finchley Road, N.W.3 H. FUCHS E«- , . •''el.: GLA. 4029 267 West End Une, N.W.S "quljltely furnished rooms for Tllltors 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.S r_* . "nd permanent guests. (MAL 6301) _2:*'t''>l heatins. TV. Radios. Garden. PARTIES CAHRED FOR Prospectus from the Principal, HAM. 1662 'Phone HAMpstead 2602 Page 12 AJR INFORMATION October, 1969

a Founder and to which he devoted much of LETTERS TO THE EDITOR his time as its Medical Officer for 21 years, have associated themselves vnth this Appeal. "DER EWIGE BRUNNEN" Sir,—Egon Larsen's article "German youth With this Fund we wish to create a living at the poisoned well" in your August issue memory of Rudolf Friedlaender. Sir,—^I read Mr. Larsen's article about the must have evoked vivid memories in many Donations should be sent to: Midland Bank German Anthology, "Der Ewige Brunnen" among us of their "Deutsch- und Literatvr- Limited, 120 Church Street, Eccles, Manches­ (your August issue) unth great interest, but stunden" long before the First World War. I ter, M 30 OLS. Account: Rudolf Fried­ also with some anxiety. Of ctnirse one is am thinking in particular of the poems and laender Memorial Fund. Forms for payments horrified at the thought of poets, with whose ballads on the themes of "Kampf" and under coveruint will be availcible in due course names one has been brought up (I am of the "Tod" which we were taught unth such and should be ordered from one of the old generation of German Jeunsh refugees) religious fervour that even today I can still trustees under the Midland Bank address. having degraded themselves so shamefully by quote. But how can educational authorities in Yours, etc., signing that infamou.s declaration of loyalty to Germany still plead naivety regarding these Hitler. As far as they wrote bad poetry they samples of "deutsches Gedankengut" in L. GOODMAN, F.Cji., should of course not have been included in a 1969 ? Surely, vigilance on these lines cannot F. H. KROCH, Dr.Phil., F.R.I.C., selection of the best. be confined to "AJR Information"—where G. M. SCHAEFER. are the other voices ? Manchester. But what dbout the great names ? Many people say that young Germans should feel Yours, etc., FLATLETS AND OLD AGE HOMES responsible for the sins of their fathers. GERTRUD SCHACHNE. London, N. W.3. During the past 18 months the prospective ShouJd they then not know the truth about tenants of the Flatlet Home in Avenue Road, their heritage—good and bad? And if the (This letter was written a few days before Eleanor Rathlbone House, have been selected, compilers of such an anthology had left out Mrs. Schachne's death which is announced and it is expected that they will move in so many poets becaxise of their atrocious on page 11.) shortly. Readers and their friends who wish behaviour—would they not have been rightly to be considered for future admission are accused of falsifying history and of sweeping RUDOLF FRIEDLAENDER MEMORIAL advised to get in touch with the A.J.R. office. the dirt under the carpet ? By the way, I FUND By having provided accommodation for those ccmnot see why Ricarda Huch and C. F. Meyer former refugees who are still aible to man­ Sir,—Friends and patients of the late Dr. age their own households, the promoting should not be represented with many poems Rudolf Friedlaender (Manchester) have set up organisations, the C.B.r. and the A.JJl., have —the latter, e.g., wrote the finest prose one a Memorial Trust which has obtained registra­ completed their building programme. The new could read in the German language. tion with the Charity Commissioners and the flatlet residents include quite a few persons But—and I think this is of the greatest Inland Revenue. who, due to their present inadequate accom­ During his exceptionally busy life Dr. Fried- modation, would otherwise have to be con­ importance—such a book should be accom­ sidered for admission to one of the Old Age panied by a preface condemning the views and laender often reflected that the time avail­ Homes. actions of the respective poets in the strongest able to a General Practitioner for keeping up The scheme has, therefore, to a certain possible terms. with the newest developments in medicine and extent also relieved the pressure of applica­ clinical techniqu.es was strictly limited. He Of all the names Mr. Larsen mentioned, I tions for the Old Age Homes. For this reason also mentioned quite frequently how valxiable it may now be possible to reconsider or con­ should, however, like to single out one par­ it would be if General Practitioners could pub­ sider applications from persons who, so far, ticular case: Boerries von Muenchhausen, not lish some of their case material for the benefit could not be regarded as eligible due to their only because he wrote some lovely poems, of other practitioners and their patients. financial resources or to their comparatively the knowledge of which it would be wrcmg to low age. Although preference will still be withhold from the younger generation. Of His friends and patients could think of no given to older people with limited means, course, readers should be told the truth about more fitting tribute to the memory of Rudolf other interested persons are now advised also his aberration, but he should not be con­ Friedlaender than trying to put his ideas into to get in touch with the A.J.R. office. It is demned as strongly as the others, because he practice. The Rudolf Friedlaender Memorial stressed that each case will be treated on its paid for his terrible mistake with his life. Fund aims at helping to achieve in some small own merits. measure these two ambitions by providing He had close friends among the Jews and CENTRAL BRITISH FUND GRANTS had gained fronn them the love and under­ annual grants to enable General Practitioners standing of Jewry and Judaism, which is (a) to travel and study new medical treat­ In the past few months the Central British Fund made grants of £17,500 towards the reflected in his book "Juda". It is true that ments and clinical techniques; maintenance and emigration of over 1,000 later he had Nazi leanings for some time. (b) to prepare for publication information refugees in transit from Iron Curtain coun­ However, he broke with them again and wrote acquired in the course of their practice tries. A number of refugees have come to to an anti-Nazi relative: " You were right." by contributing towards the expenses Britain, where they are being helped by the He committed suicide in 1945. Jewish Refugees Committee, Qie case-working arising from the appointment of a body of the C.B.F. The Jewish Refugees Com­ The question is: What can best be done to locum tenens and other incidental costs. mittee is also looking after 65 refugee students German youth so that it all can "never hap­ The Manchester Medical Society and the in the U.K., whose maintenance will have to pen again " ? Royal College of General Practitioners have be subsidised at a cost of some £10,000 in the coming year. A further 14 particularly Yours, etc., agreed to publicise the Fund in the Medical gifted students who had not been able to get Press and, in consultation with the Trustees, into university last year, but had been pro­ (Mrs.) 0. R. EBERSTADT. will make the annual awards. visionally admitted for the academic year may 15 Queens Road, The Trustees and the Management Commit­ have to be maintained at an additional cost tee of the Morris Feinmann Home for Aged of £5,000, plus fees in cases where free places Ealing, London, W.5. Refugees, of which Rudolf Friedlaender was cannot be obtained.

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