IMW HOUSE STYLE MAIN TEXT: 12 points double spacing Times New Roman. 2.5 cm margin left and right margins. CONTENTS Abbreviations and acronyms Accents (including Arabic) and foreign words Americanisms Capital letters Citations (see also References) Currencies Dates and figures Ethnic groups (as noun and adjectives) Footnotes not endnotes Geographical terms Header and Footers Hyphens Initials Italics Keywords Maps – title and scale needed; images Measures Political parties Quotations, brackets, dashes, full stops and spacing References – books (Malay, Indonesian and Dutch names; one, two, three authors), conference papers, unpublished PhDs, government/organisation reports, internet sources, journal articles, newspaper sources, Spelling War 2 IMW hous e style Abbreviations and acronyms • Acronyms should be written in full at their first mention e.g. EIC (East India Company). Exceptions are acronyms and abbreviations that are more commonly recognised than the full form, e.g. Asean, Unesco, Unicef, NGO and GDP. • Full stops are not used in abbreviations or acronyms, except for p., e.g. etc. and i.e. Avoid use of ibid. There are no full points in Ms Mrs Mr Dr PhD MSc MA BA. Ditto for AD BC CE. • Acronyms that can be pronounced are not preceded by a definite article: UNESCO, PAN, ASEAN. Acronyms that are well known and pronounceable can be spelled in upper/lower case e.g. Unesco, Asean. • No full stop after abbreviations that end with the last letter of the word e.g. Dr Mr eds [editors] but ed. [edited] • Circa abbreviation c. not ca. • Abbreviations (Maj.-Gen., Lt-Gen., Brig. Gen.) should be consistent; either both parts of the title should be abbreviated or both written in full but not a mixture e.g. Lt- General. Accents and foreign words • For words that are now accepted as English, only use accents when they make a difference to pronunciation i.e. cliché, communiqué but regime, elite, detente. If one accent is used, use all i.e., protégé. Any foreign word in italics – that is, one not generally accepted as English – should be given all its accents. Koran can be spelled as Koran or Qur’an. • French and German names should have their accents, Spanish ones their tilde. • Minimal (preferably no) Latin words ie no quo vide, quo supra, terminus ante quem particularly if there are English words fo r them . • Arabic diacritics. Please do not us e your own special fonts for the following diacritical m arks used in the ro m anisation of Arabic words: ‘ayn, hamzah, macrons (straight lines) on top of the vowels a, i, u; IMW hous e style 3 dots underneath the letters (dropped dots): d, h, s, t, z. If you use special fonts, these will not transfer electronically and will need to be inserted by hand one by one. Instead, follow these guidelines: (a) For ayn, use curly open single quotation mark; for hamzah use curly close single quotation mark. NB note that IMW uses ‘curly’ or ‘smart’ quotation marks and apostrophes, and all ‘straight’ quotations marks and apostrophes will be re- formatted as curly ones. If you use straight apostrophes or quotation marks for both ‘ayn and hamzah, these will automatically all be reformatted as ‘curly’ apostrophes, thus all resembling hamzah rather than ‘ayn. Do not use the oblique mark on keyboard for ‘ayn. (b) For macrons over the vowels a, i and u please use the symbols available in Microsoft Word under the Insert Symbol command, selected from the Latin Extended A set. (c) Diacritical dots underneath letters have to be inserted by hand by the publishers, Taylor & Francis. Therefore if you use these please mark these on the hard copy only. (d) Insertions or quotations in Arabic script need to treated as images and are scanned in by Taylor & Francis and then dropped into the text at the appropriate place. Ensure that such quotations constitute separate paragraphs, and provide digital images or (preferably) printed hard copy of the Arabic script examples. Americanisms • American words (automobile, railcar, fall etc.) and American spellings (defense [as noun], center, labor, analyze, behavior) should not be used. 4 IMW hous e style • However, when quoting an official title (US Secretary of Defense) or the name of a department or company (US Department of Defense), the original spelling should be followed. • The American style of starting a sentence with First, Second, Third should be changed to Firstly etc. Capital letters Titles, ranks and organisations The general presumption is minimum caps. However: • Defense Secretary Rumsfeld, President Megawati, Sultan of Jambi. But, thereafter, prime minister etc. Also, the six prime ministers etc. But Dutch Resident/British Resident (to distinguish from residents as in inhabitants). • Lower case is used for parliament (unless UK), cabinet, administration and government: the Indonesian government. Citations (see also References) Citations in text follow the Harvard system e.g. (Anderson 1983: 4). If more than one publication of author in same year write year then a or b or c (Smith 1999a: 39-43). Avoid ibid., loc. cit., op. cit. Page numbers for book references preceded by p. (for one page) or pp. If more than three authors for an article use et al. in citation but all authors’ names must be given in references. Currencies • Currencies are not capitalised or italicised. Use figures e.g. R$70 million, Rp500 million, S$50,000. Use comma/s when more than three digits are involved. When citing currency figures, there is no space between the currency sign and the number: R$30 billion. IMW hous e style 5 Dates and figures • Dates should be cited in the form 2 November 1960, with no comma in between. • Seasons of the year are lower case, although months, as proper names, are upper case. • Periods of time are indicated as follows: 1980-82, 1989-92, 1991-95, etc. • Use the 1990s, not the 1990’s or the nineties. • Terms like the mid 1990s, late 1880s are not hyphenated. • 12th century, 20th century etc. – no superscripts for ‘th’. When used adjectivally hyphenate: 9th-century ceramics. • The numbers one to nine are written in full, thereafter in figures. Measurements are in metric and except for the word ‘metre’ in abbreviated form (20 km and 100 kg). Imperial measure can be given in brackets after the metric measure. Figures for page numbers, percentages, and sets of figures e.g., pp. 9-55, 9-25%. • Spans of numbers are written as: 7-10, 13-29, 154-59, 220-54, 1181–89. • One billion = 1,000 million; one trillion = 1,000 billion. • Use symbol for percentage: %: 2%, not two per cent (no space between figure and symbol). • A hyphen in place of ‘to’ is only used with figures: In 1220-25; but, ‘a distance of two to three hours’ walk’. • Fractions are always hyphenated: one-third, three-tenths, one-quarter. British usage is one-quarter, not one-fourth. Ethnic groups – as noun and adjective Acehnese Balinese Batak Bisaya Bugis Dusun Dyak 6 IMW hous e style Javanese Menadonese Mentawaian Minangkabau Sundanese Torajan Footnotes not end notes Footnotes by popular demand. Set in 2 pt smaller font with short fine separator from main text. Geographical terms • Initial capitals are used for specific geographical areas or regions (and for broader political or geographical units (East Malaysia, the Middle East, Southern Africa, Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia, Eastern Europe, the West). Note style for Southeast Asia (cap S and no space or hyphen between South and east). • Countries are referred to as ‘it’ and not ‘she’. • East, west, south and north are lower case unless they form part of a proper name: North Korea, South Africa, but northeast Sumatra, west Java. • Province, county, city, peninsula, basin, sea, etc. are lower case unless they form part of a proper name: the South China Sea, the Sunda Straits, the Straits of Malacca, the Isthmus of Kra but the Malay archipelago. • The United Kingdom should be used rather than Great Britain; the possessive of United States is United States’, not US’. Use US as an adjective but spell out as noun e.g. in the United States but US initiative. Similarly, the United Kingdom (noun) but the UK (adjective). • Follow local preferences: e.g., Kolkata, Mumbai except if other name is widely used. Myanmar/Burma may be contentious but perhaps in this journal it is not going to crop up. IMW hous e style 7 Header and footer information No header. Footer for individual articles: Indonesia and the Malay World, 2013 DOI number © Editors, Indonesia and the Malay World Footer for articles part of an issue: Indonesia and the Malay World, 2013 Vol. XX, No. X, page number, DOI number © Editors, Indonesia and the Malay Worl 8 IMW hous e style Hyphens • Hyphens are used to join two or more words when used adjectivally. Hyphens are not used with adverbs ending in ‘ly’: newly industrialising. • The following titles are hyphenated: secretary-general, major-general, vice-president, lieutenant-general. These are not: director general, deputy director, deputy secretary, district attorney and general secretary. • Compound words increasingly lose their hyphens – e.g. policymakers – as they are accepted as normal usage. The following words are always hyphenated: air-based; land-based; build-up; confidence-building; counter-intelligence; counter-productive; re-entry; throw-weight; decision-maker, peace-keepers. • With most prefixes and suffixes the compound is written as a single word (e.g. coordinated), but ex-, neo-, non-, and self- usually need hyphens. Initials Initials are not spaced but with full stops: O.W. Wolters, A.F.C. Wallace. Italics • Italics should be used for foreign words and phrases e.g., glasnost, intifada etc. However, words such as Bodhisattva, coup, gam elan, im am , Koran/Qur’an, jihad, kampung, linga, m andala, m antra, pogrom, putsch, raja/rajah, sharia, sheikh, stupa, ulama, have become part of the English language and should not be italicised (see also section on Spelling) • All common Latin phrases, such as status quo, ad hoc or vice versa, are not italicised.