Extensions of Remarks E2157 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS
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Troubled Geography Imagining Lebanon in 1960S Tourist Promotion
CHAPTER 7 Troubled Geography Imagining Lebanon in 1960s Tourist Promotion Zeina Maasri At the turn of 1969, a peculiar advertisement appeared in The Economist issue of 27 Dec.–2 Jan. (Fig. 7.1). The ad featured two attractive young women posing fashionably in a prototypical Mediterranean beach setting on a per- fectly sunny day. Their shimmering golden bikinis further intensify the sun- shine while evoking the futuristic glamour of the day. Here’s an image that would get anyone in the northern hemisphere dreaming of escape – at least from the December freeze. The country advertised is one where you can enjoy the much-desired sun, beach and associated fun, in utmost modernity. This is Lebanon as represented in the 1960s and early 1970s by the Lebanese Council for Tourism, a then newly established state agency. Shortly after the appearance of the ad in The Economist, a Mr and Mrs Robertson wrote a letter of complaint in the English periodical the New Statesman questioning: ‘Why is a colour ad for the Lebanon running in last week’s Economist posed against the Fraglioni of Capri?’1 Their public inquisition illustrates how this ad might have stirred some confusion in the tourism imaginary of a Euro-American public to whom it was addressed, assertively expressed here at least by the distrusting couple. The Economist ad and ensuing response provoke a series of questions con- cerning Lebanon’s tourism publicity at the time. To begin with, why would the Lebanese state, by way of its Tourism Council and its agents – graphic design- ers included – choose to promote the country as a modern European-styled Mediterranean tourist destination? And second, what does this image mean in a context of conflicting politics of nationhood and belonging to the Arab world? Notes for this section begin on page 139. -
Impacts of Wars and Terrorism on Tourism in Lebanon
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Iranian Women's Quest for Self-Liberation Through
IRANIAN WOMEN’S QUEST FOR SELF-LIBERATION THROUGH THE INTERNET AND SOCIAL MEDIA: AN EMANCIPATORY PEDAGOGY TANNAZ ZARGARIAN A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN EDUCATION YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO December 2019 © [Tannaz Zargarian, 2019] i Abstract This dissertation examines the discourse of body autonomy among Iranian women. It approaches the discourse of body autonomy by deconstructing veiling, public mobility, and sexuality, while considering the impact of society, history, religion, and culture. Although there are many important scholarly works on Iranian women and human rights that explore women’s civil rights and freedom of individuality in relation to the hijab, family law, and sexuality, the absence of work on the discourse of body autonomy—the most fundamental human right—has created a deficiency in the field. My research examines the discourse of body autonomy in the context of liberation among Iranian women while also assessing the role of the internet as informal emancipatory educational tools. To explore the discourse of body autonomy, I draw upon critical and transnational feminist theory and the theoretical frameworks of Derayeh, Foucault, Shahidian, Bayat, Mauss, and Freire. Additionally, in-depth semi-structured interviews with Iranian women aged 26 to 42 in Iran support my analysis of the practice and understanding of body autonomy personally, on the internet, and social media. The results identify and explicate some of the major factors affecting the practice and awareness of body autonomy, particularly in relation to the goal of liberation for Iranian women. -
Working Papers
No. 6, November 2017 WORKING PAPERS MILITARY FACTORS IN THE MENA REGION: CHALLENGING TRENDS Sven Biscop and Julien Sassel This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No 693244 Middle East and North Africa Regional Architecture: Mapping Geopolitical Shifts, Regional Order and Domestic Transformations WORKING PAPERS No. 6, November 2017 MILITARY FACTORS IN THE MENA REGION: CHALLENGING TRENDS Sven Biscop and Julien Sassel1 ABSTRACT Although the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has witnessed a long series of conflicts since the end of the Second World War, it is now in the unprecedented situation where nearly all MENA states are involved to a certain extent in ongoing conflict (e.g. in the Iraq–Syria area; Libya; Yemen). MENA states are involved to different degrees in these conflicts, ranging from direct involvement on the ground or in the air, to the arming and training of armed non-state actors. This report assesses the evolution of the armed forces, procurement and the defence industry in the countries of the MENA region, starting with the major regional powers, whose leverage extends across the region. Second, it looks at the middle regional powers, those who have some capacity for power projection but mostly at the sub-regional level. This is followed by analysis of the remaining states, those with little or no capacity for power projection. Finally, the report looks at those states on whose territory war is currently being waged, where governments and non-state actors are vying for control of the national territory. -
Factors Affecting the Advancement of the Lebanese Tourism Industry
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Lebanese American University Repository Journal of Transnational Management Development ISSN: 1068-6061 (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/wzmd20 Factors Affecting the Advancement of the Lebanese Tourism Industry Said M. Ladki & Mira W. Sadik To cite this article: Said M. Ladki & Mira W. Sadik (2004) Factors Affecting the Advancement of the Lebanese Tourism Industry, Journal of Transnational Management Development, 9:2-3, 171-185, DOI: 10.1300/J130v09n02_09 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J130v09n02_09 Published online: 22 Oct 2008. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 126 View related articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=wzmd20 Download by: [Lebanese American University Libraries] Date: 16 May 2016, At: 02:24 Factors Affecting the Advancement of the Lebanese Tourism Industry Said M. Ladki Mira W. Sadik SUMMARY. Lebanon’s tourism industry has suffered severe blows re- sulting from the civil war and political unrest that took place in the country. Despite the increase in the number of arrivals to Lebanon, the industry is ex- periencing several weaknesses that are directly affecting its advancement. The study identified factors that are hindering tourism advancement in Leb- anon. Identified factors serve as a tool to develop future strategies leading to tourism advancement and improved satisfaction. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail ad- dress: <[email protected]> Website: <http://www.HaworthPress.com> © 2004 by The Haworth Press, Inc. -
A/64/742–S/2010/181 General Assembly Security Council
United Nations A/64/742–S/2010/181 General Assembly Distr.: General 13 April 2010 Security Council Original: English General Assembly Security Council Sixty-fourth session Sixty-fifth year Agenda item 65 (a) Promotion and protection of the rights of children Children and armed conflict Report of the Secretary-General I. Introduction 1. The present report, which covers the period from January to December 2009, is submitted pursuant to paragraph 19 of Security Council resolution 1882 (2009), by which the Council requested me to submit a report on the implementation of that resolution, resolutions 1261 (1999), 1314 (2000), 1379 (2001), 1460 (2003), 1539 (2004) and 1612 (2005), as well as its presidential statements on children and armed conflict. 2. The first part of the report (section II) includes information on measures undertaken by parties listed in the annexes to end all violations and abuses committed against children in armed conflict that serve as indicators of progress made in follow-up to the recommendations of the Security Council Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict. The second part (section III) contains an update on the implementation of the monitoring and reporting mechanism established by the Council in its resolution 1612 (2005). The third part (section IV) of the report focuses on information on grave violations committed against children, in particular recruitment and use of children, killing and maiming of children, rape and other sexual violence against children, abductions of children, attacks on schools and -
Business Guide
TOURISM AGRIFOOD RENEWABLE TRANSPORT ENERGY AND LOGISTICS CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRIES BUSINESS GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN GUIDE RENEWABLERENEWABLERENEWABLERENEWABLERENEWABLE CULTURALCULTURALCULTURALCULTURALCULTURAL TRANSPORTTRANSPORTTRANSPORTTRANSPORTTRANSPORT AGRIFOODAGRIFOODAGRIFOODAGRIFOODAGRIFOOD ANDANDAND ANDCREATIVE ANDCREATIVE CREATIVE CREATIVE CREATIVE ENERGYENERGYENERGYENERGYENERGY TOURISMTOURISMTOURISMTOURISMTOURISM ANDANDAND ANDLOGISTICS ANDLOGISTICS LOGISTICS LOGISTICS LOGISTICS INDUSTRIESINDUSTRIESINDUSTRIESINDUSTRIESINDUSTRIES GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES IN OPPORTUNITIES IN OPPORTUNITIES IN OPPORTUNITIES IN OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN THE MEDITERRANEAN THE MEDITERRANEAN THE MEDITERRANEAN THE MEDITERRANEAN ALGERIA ALGERIA ALGERIA ALGERIA ALGERIA BUILDING AN INDUSTRY PREPARING FOR THE POST-OIL PROMOTING HERITAGE, EVERYTHING IS TO BE DONE! A MARKET OF 40 MILLION THAT MEETS THE NEEDS PERIOD KNOW-HOW… AND YOUTH! INHABITANTS TO BE OF THE COUNTRY! DEVELOPED! EGYPT EGYPT EGYPT REBUILD TRUST AND MOVE EGYPT SOLAR AND WIND ARE BETTING ON THE ARAB UPMARKET EGYPT PHARAONIC PROJECTS BOOMING WORLD’S CULTURAL THE GATEWAY TO AFRICA ON THE AGENDA CHAMPION AND THE MIDDLE EAST IN ISRAEL SEARCH FOR INVESTORS ISRAEL ACCELERATE THE EMERGENCE ISRAEL TAKE-OFF INITIATED! ISRAEL OF A CHEAPER HOLIDAY COLLABORATING WITH THE THE START-UP NATION AT THE OFFER ISRAEL WORLD CENTRE OF AGRITECH JORDAN FOREFRONT OF CREATIVITY LARGE PROJECTS… AND START-UPS! GREEN ELECTRICITY EXPORTS JORDAN JORDAN IN SIGHT JORDAN -
6. Tourism and Recreation
Lebanon State of the Environment Report Ministry of Environment/LEDO 6. TOURISM AND RECREATION Tourism in Lebanon has traditionally been urban based, i.e., most tourists head for other urban areas and poles such as beach resorts, country clubs, casinos, and restaurants. In recent years, however, tourism and recreation are increasingly practiced in natural settings such as forests, protected areas, valleys, and mountain areas. Traditional tourism is generally more destructive, as more land is used for accommodation (chalets, mountain resorts, hotels, furnished apartments). Moreover, new accommodation facilities in remote areas require access roads and other infrastructure (e.g., water supply, wastewater network, electricity). While nature tourism is less resource demanding, it could generate added sources of pressure on the environment if poorly managed. How the country will manage its natural heritage will set the pace for nature tourism in the future. 6.1 Targeted Description Figure 6. 1 Tourism in the National Economy Tourism represents an important (US$ million) and growing economic sector, generating 1400 US$1,300 million in net revenues in 1998, 1200 up from US$673 million in 1994 (see 1000 Figure 6. 1). In 1995, services including 800 600 tourism accounted for 16.4 percent of 400 GDP (up from 14.3 percent in 1973). 200 0 1994 1995 1997 1998 Source: MoT, Central Bank, CAS (LEDO Indicator #43) 6.1.1 Evolution of tourism Developing accurate estimates of the number of tourists in Lebanon is difficult due to the ambiguity about “who is a tourist”. Many Lebanese return home to see their relatives and declare “tourism” to be the purpose of their visit. -
US Military Policy in the Middle East an Appraisal US Military Policy in the Middle East: an Appraisal
Research Paper Micah Zenko US and Americas Programme | October 2018 US Military Policy in the Middle East An Appraisal US Military Policy in the Middle East: An Appraisal Contents Summary 2 1 Introduction 3 2 Domestic Academic and Political Debates 7 3 Enduring and Current Presence 11 4 Security Cooperation: Training, Advice and Weapons Sales 21 5 Military Policy Objectives in the Middle East 27 Conclusion 31 About the Author 33 Acknowledgments 34 1 | Chatham House US Military Policy in the Middle East: An Appraisal Summary • Despite significant financial expenditure and thousands of lives lost, the American military presence in the Middle East retains bipartisan US support and incurs remarkably little oversight or public debate. Key US activities in the region consist of weapons sales to allied governments, military-to-military training programmes, counterterrorism operations and long-term troop deployments. • The US military presence in the Middle East is the culmination of a common bargain with Middle Eastern governments: security cooperation and military assistance in exchange for US access to military bases in the region. As a result, the US has substantial influence in the Middle East and can project military power quickly. However, working with partners whose interests sometimes conflict with one another has occasionally harmed long-term US objectives. • Since 1980, when President Carter remarked that outside intervention in the interests of the US in the Middle East would be ‘repelled by any means necessary’, the US has maintained a permanent and significant military presence in the region. • Two main schools of thought – ‘offshore balancing’ and ‘forward engagement’ – characterize the debate over the US presence in the Middle East. -
List of International Relations Offices at the Lebanese Higher Education
National Erasmus+ Office, Lebanon International Relations Institutions Acronym Contact Name e-mail address Office/Office of Student Affairs 1 Lebanese University LU International Relations Office Zeinab Saad [email protected] Tel-Fax: +961 1 612815 2 American University of Beirut AUB Office of International Programs Hala Dimechkie [email protected] +961-1-350000 Ext. 3176 3 Saint Joseph University USJ International Relations Office Carla Eddé [email protected] +961 1 421 000 ext : 1117 4 Beirut Arab University BAU International Relations Office Amani Bsat [email protected] +961 1 300 110 Ex: 2303 5 Holy Spirit University of Kaslik USEK International Affairs Office Dr. Rima Mattar [email protected] +961 9 600 321 [email protected] 6 Lebanese American University LAU Office of International Services Dina Abdul Rahman +961 1 786456 +961 9 547254 ext. 1349 [email protected] 7 Haigazian University HU Public Relations Office Mira Yardemian +961-1-353010/1/2 +961-1-349230/1 ext: 365 [email protected] University of Balamand +Académie UOB International and National 8 Dr. Rami Abboud [email protected] Libanaise des Beaux Arts ALBA Educational Relations +961 6 930250 ext. 5804/5 [email protected] 9 University La Sagesse ULS Relations Internationales Antoine Gedeon +961-1-291 091 ext. 110 [email protected] 10 Middle East University MEU International Student Office - [email protected] Acting Director: Talal [email protected] Office of International Relations- Salem 11 Notre Dame University NDU Office of Grants [email protected] Rania Najem +961-9-208 000 ext. -
Working Paper No
Working Paper No. 621 Women’s Voices: The Journey towards Cyberfeminism in Iran Mansoureh Shojaee October 2016 CIRI working paper no. 6 The Civic Innovation Research Initiative (CIRI) is a research program that explores how organizations and individuals mobilize to change their societies. CIRI focuses on how actors co-shape political, economic and cultural trends in pursuing the common interest whilst respecting differences. CIRI is one of the research programs of The International Institute of Social Studies (ISS). The CIRI Working Paper series provides a forum for work in progress that seeks to elicit comments and generate discussion. The series includes academic research by staff, PhD participants, visiting fellows, and research papers by graduate students. CIRI Working Papers are available in electronic format at: www.iss.nl/ciri ISSN 0921-0210 The Institute of Social Studies is Europe’s longest-established centre of higher education and research in development studies. On 1 July 2009, it became a University Institute of the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR). Post-graduate teaching programmes range from six-week diploma courses to the PhD programme. Research at ISS is fundamental in the sense of laying a scientific basis for the formulation of appropriate development policies. The academic work of ISS is disseminated in the form of books, journal articles, teaching texts, monographs and working papers. The ISS Working Paper Series provides a forum for work in progress which seeks to elicit comments and generate discussion. The series includes academic research by staff, PhD participants and visiting fellows, and award-winning research papers by graduate students. Working Papers are available in electronic format at www.iss.nl Please address comments and/or queries for information to: Institute of Social Studies P.O. -
Black Hawk Down
Black Hawk Down A Story of Modern War by Mark Bowden, 1951- Published: 1999 J J J J J I I I I I Table of Contents Dedication & The Assault Black Hawk Down Overrun The Alamo N.S.D.Q. Epilogue Sources Acknowledgements J J J J J I I I I I For my mother, Rita Lois Bowden, and in memory of my father, Richard H. Bowden It makes no difference what men think of war, said the judge. War endures. As well ask men what they think of stone. War was always here. Before man was, war waited for him. The ultimate trade awaiting the ultimate practitioner. Cormac McCarthy, Blood Meridian The Assault 1 At liftoff, Matt Eversmann said a Hail Mary. He was curled into a seat between two helicopter crew chiefs, the knees of his long legs up to his shoulders. Before him, jammed on both sides of the Black Hawk helicopter, was his „chalk,“ twelve young men in flak vests over tan desert camouflage fatigues. He knew their faces so well they were like brothers. The older guys on this crew, like Eversmann, a staff sergeant with five years in at age twenty-six, had lived and trained together for years. Some had come up together through basic training, jump school, and Ranger school. They had traveled the world, to Korea, Thailand, Central America … they knew each other better than most brothers did. They‘d been drunk together, gotten into fights, slept on forest floors, jumped out of airplanes, climbed mountains, shot down foaming rivers with their hearts in their throats, baked and frozen and starved together, passed countless bored hours, teased one another endlessly about girlfriends or lack of same, driven out in the middle of the night from Fort Benning to retrieve each other from some diner or strip club out on Victory Drive after getting drunk and falling asleep or pissing off some barkeep.