DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study of Ulrich Zwingli's Sacramental Theology Carl M

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study of Ulrich Zwingli's Sacramental Theology Carl M Olivet Nazarene University Digital Commons @ Olivet Faculty Scholarship – Theology Theology 1-20-1992 Signs and Providence: A Study of Ulrich Zwingli's Sacramental Theology Carl M. Leth Olivet Nazarene University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.olivet.edu/theo_facp Part of the Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Leth, Carl M., "Signs and Providence: A Study of Ulrich Zwingli's Sacramental Theology" (1992). Faculty Scholarship – Theology. 24. https://digitalcommons.olivet.edu/theo_facp/24 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theology at Digital Commons @ Olivet. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship – Theology by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Olivet. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SIGNS AND PROVIDENCE A STUDY OF ULRICH ZWINGLI'S SACRAMENTAL THEOLOGY by Carl M. Leth Department of Religion Duke University Date: Approved: David C. Steinmetz, Supervisor Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Religion in the Graduate School of Duke University 1992 ABSTRACT This dissertation considers the role of the doctrine of divine providence in the sacramental theology of Ulrich Zwingli. This is done by treating Zwingli in the context of his personal history, his broader sacramental thought, including his treatment of the Word and preaching, and his historical development in his writings on the Lord's Supper. The attempt is made to understand the personal importance of this doctrine for Zwingli and the way it functions within his theology of the sacraments. Each subject area and document is considered in the light of three questions. What is the relationship between human action and divine action? What is the relationship between Christ’s presence and the sacrament? What is the role and function of the sacrament? This study concludes that Zwingli’s affirmation of absolute providence consistently functions as a determinative principle in his sacramental theology, defining his foundational understanding of the sacraments and establishing the parameters of his sacramental thought. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. David Steinmetz for his significant contribution to this dissertation and the course of study that led to it. His personal combination of scholarly excellence and personal kindness has been an encouraging example to me. I would also like to thank my congregation at the North Raleigh Church of the Nazarene for their persistent encouragement and support. This work would not have been realized without the ongoing personal support of my wife, Nancy, and the {sometimes reluctant) support of our children, Carl and Stephanie. I want to express my special appreciation to them. Finally, a large measure of thanks and appreciation are due to Clayton and Dorothy Barto who made this dissertation possible and to whom it is dedicated. TABLE OF CONTEiNTS CHAPTER A cknow ledgm ents...................................................................................................... j 1. In tro d u ctio n ........................................................................................................ 1 2. Z w ingli's Early D evelopm ent ..................................................................... 14 3. Early W ritin g s.................................................................................................... 3 3 4. The W ord.............................................................................................................. 5 4 5 . B ap tism .................................................................................................................. 7 7 6 . Zwingli in Mid-Career ................................................................................... 102 7. Sacram ental C ontroversy.............................................................................. 127 8 . M a rb u rg ................................................................................................................ 154 9. M arburg to K ap p el............................................................................................ 1 8 0 10. C on clu sio n ........................................................................................................ 202 Bibliography............................................................................................................... 210 if CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION The thesis of this dissertation is that Zwingli's understanding of providence plays a determinative role in the development of Zwingli's sacramental theology. His emphatic affirmation of the absolute character of divine providence is the central issue at stake in the sacramental controversies with Luther, the Anabaptists and the Catholic teaching on the sacraments. Considered in the context of this ongoing debate On Providence is revealed as an essentially sacramental work presenting the theological and philosophical foundations which underlie Zwingli’s sacramental understanding. Consideration of other influences (i.e. humanism) and issues (i.e. development or change in his thought) are not made irrelevant by this central affirmation, but they take place within the unchanging parameters established by it. Zwingli's foundational understanding of the role of divine providence sets the non-negotiable outline within which he works. Understanding this central ordering principle in Zwingli’s sacramental thought wili serve to clarify other issues in it and makes easily understandable the unreconcilable breach with Luther, Despite a significant body of scholarship and renewred attention in recent years, Ulrich Zwingh remains an enigma, A consensus has not yet been reached regarding the essential character of Zwingli's theology or theological system. Significant debate is ongoing with respect to many areas of his life and thought. 1 The degree of his dependence upon Luther, Erasmus, humanism, medieval scholasticism, patristic and ancient secular sources remain areas of disagreement. Characterizations of the core, or determinative center, of his thought range widely and are not only significantly different, but even contradictory. "Zwingli is in turn reformer or rationalist, humanist or spiritualist, politician or preacher."1 This is also true in consideration of Zwingli's sacramental, and specifically eucharistic, theology. Since this dissertation proposes to reconsider Zwir.gii's sacramental thought it will be helpful to review the range of scholarship regarding our subject. We want to briefly consider three aspects of scholarly opinion. First, we will consider the major interpretations of the essential, or determinative, elements of Zwingli”s thought. Second, we want to review interpretations of the presence of Christ in the Supper in Zwingli’s thought. This will include the issue of development or change in Zwingli's sacramental views. Thirdly, we propose to consider the treatment of the issue of providence in the context of Zwingli's sacramental thought and, specifically, how On Providence is treated. Any treatment of this subject area would have to begin with Walther Kohler. His magisterial two volume Zwingli und Luther remains the standard work on the Sacramental Controversy.2 For Kohler, Zwingli ir. a humanist reformer whose >W.P. Stephens, The Theology ofHuldreich Zwingli, (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 19S6), 2. 2Walther Kohler, Zwingli untl Luther, 2 vol. Vol. I. Die religiose und politische Enrwicklung bis zum Marburger Religionsgesprach 1529. (Leipzig, 1924), Vol.II. Vom Beginn der Marburger Verkandhmgen 1529 bis zum Abschiufi der W'utemberger Konkordie von 1536, (Gutersioh: Bertelsmann Verlag, 1953). See also Die Ceistewelr Ulrich Zwinglis: Christentum und Antike, (Go.he: Verlag Friedrich Andreas Perthes, 1920), and Huidrych Zwingli (Stuttgart: K.F.Kcehler Verlag, 1952). theology remains shaped by Zwingli's foundational understanding from the perspective of an Erasmian humanism. The key to understanding Zwingli and the core of the controversy with Luther is bound up in the humanist perspective, which includes the scholastic foundations from which it develops, and the more essentially biblical Lutheran view rooted in the late medieval nominalist foundations from which Luther works.3 While the influence of Erasmus and humanism continues to be acknowledged as an important element of Zwingli's development and thought, it is not generally regarded as the interpretive key to understanding Zwingli. However, notable proponents continue to advocate this view. Stefan Bosshard presents an important wrork, Zwingli - Erasmus - Cajetan, in which he argues for the enduring influence of Erasmus on Zwingli's understanding of the Eucharist.1 Christof Gestrich also argues for the determinative influence of humanism (following Fritz Blanke) understanding that influence in terms cf a severe dualism of spirit and matter,5 This leads to the characterization of Zwingli in terms of a pronounced 3Alister McGrath provides a helpful study into the reformation traditions and their medieval roots in The Intellectual Origins o f the European Reformation, (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987). 4Stefan Niklaus Bosshard, Zwingli - Erasmus - Cajetan: Die Eucharistie als Zeichen der Einheit, (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1978). sChristof Gestrich, Zwingli als Theologe - Glaube und Geist beim Ziircher Refonnator, (Zurich: Zwingli Veriag,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter 1: the Life and Times of John Owen 9
    Christ Exhibited and the Covenant Confirmed: The Eucharistic Theology of John Owen John C. Bellingham, MDiv Faculty of Religious Studies McGill University, Montreal February 27, 2014 Submitted to the Faculty of Religious Studies at McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts There is a reception of Christ as tendered in the promise of the gospel; but here [in the Lord’s Supper] is a peculiar way of his exhibition under outward signs, and a mysterious reception of him in them, really, so as to come to a real substantial incorporation in our souls. This is that which believers ought to labour after an experience of in themselves; …. they submit to the authority of Jesus Christ in a peculiar manner, giving him the glory of his kingly office; mixing faith with him as dying and making atonement by his blood, so giving him the glory and honour of his priestly office; much considering the sacramental union that is, by his institution, between the outward signs and the thing signified, thus glorifying him in his prophetical office; and raising up their souls to a mysterious reception and incorporation of him, receiving him to dwell in them, warming, cherishing, comforting, and strengthening their hearts. – John Owen, DD, Sacramental Discourses XXV.4 ii Table of Contents Acknowledgments iv Abstract v Résumé vi Introduction: John Owen and the Lord’s Supper 1 Chapter 1: The Life and Times of John Owen 9 Chapter 2: John Owen’s Sixteenth Century Inheritance 35 Chapter 3: The Lord’s Supper in Reformed Orthodoxy 80 Chapter 4: John Owen’s Eucharistic Theology 96 Conclusion 133 Bibliography 137 iii Acknowledgments I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the following people without whom this project would not have been possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Ulrich Zwingli & the Swiss Reformation
    Ulrich Zwingli & the Swiss Reformation 1. Ulrich Zwingli: Texts & Translations 2. Ulrich Zwingli: Biographies & Studies 3. Menno Simons & the Anabaptists: Studies & Texts 4. Special Topics 1. ZWINGLI: BIOGRAPHY & THEOLOGY W.P. Stephens, Zwingli: An Introduction to His Thought (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994) paperback. A fine study of the Swiss reformer and patriot. Zwingli battled fiercely with Luther over the eucharist and with the Anabaptists over infant baptism. An intriguing and controversial figure who gave the Swiss reformation its unique stamp. Ulrich Gabler, Huldrych Zwingli: His Life and Work, trans. Ruth C.L. Gritsch (1986; reprint: London: T&T Clark, 1999). Charles Garside, Zwingli and the Arts (reprint of Yale Press edition: DaCapo Press, 1981). G.R. Potter, Zwingli (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976). Bart Jan Spruyt, ed., Cornelius Henrici Hoen (Honius) and His Epistle on the Eucharist (1525): Medieval Heresy, Erasmian Humanism, and the Reform of Early Sixteenth-Century Low Countries (Leiden: Brill, 2006). W.P. Stephen, The Theology of Huldrych Zwingli (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986). Lee Palmer Wandel, Always Among Us: Images of the Poor in Zwingli’s Zurich (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). 2. ZWINGLI: TEXTS G.W. Bromiley, ed., Zwingli and Bullinger, Library of Christian Classics (reprint of 1953 edition: Nashville: Westminster John Knox, 1973). Ulrich Zwingli, On Providence and Other Writings, ed. Samuel M. Jackson (Durham: Labyrinth Press, 1983; reprint of 1922 edition). 1 Bibliographies for Theology, compiled by William Harmless, S.J. Ulrich Zwingli, Commentary on True and False Religion, ed. Samuel M. Jackson & Clarence N. Heller (Durham: Labyrinth Press, 1981; reprint of 1929 edition).
    [Show full text]
  • VILNIAUS UNIVERSITETAS INGA LEONAVIČIŪT ŠV. BRUNONAS KVERFURTIETIS IR 1009 M. MISIJA: ŠALTINOTYRINIS ASPEKTAS Daktaro Disert
    VILNIAUS UNIVERSITETAS INGA LEONAVI ČIŪTĖ ŠV. BRUNONAS KVERFURTIETIS IR 1009 M. MISIJA: ŠALTINOTYRINIS ASPEKTAS Daktaro disertacija Humanitariniai mokslai, istorija (05 H) Vilnius, 2014 Disertacija rengta 2001–2014 metais Vilniaus universitete Mokslinis vadovas: prof. habil. dr. Edvardas Gudavi čius (Vilniaus universitetas, humanitariniai mokslai, istorija – 05 H) 2 TURINYS ĮVADAS / 5 I DALIS. ŠV. BRUNONO IR 1009-ŲJŲ MISIJOS PAŽINIMO BYLA / 24 1. ŠV. BRUNONO BONIFACO PAŽINIMO TRADICIJOS / 24 1.1. Kamalduliškoji pažinimo tradicija: šv. Bonifacas – Romualdo mokinys, Bosnijos (arki)vyskupas, slav ų / rus ų kankinys / 25 1.1.1. Šv. Romualdo mokinio šv. Bonifaco atradimas arba kaip su juo susipažino Europa / 25 1.1.2. Paskutin ės šv. Bonifaco misijos geografin ės interpretacijos / 45 1.1.3. Šv. Bonifaco švent ės klausimas, arba romualdiškosios datos įsitvirtinimas / 55 1.2. Benediktiniškoji tradicija: Šv. Brunonas – 1008 m. Pr ūsijoje nužudytas rut ėnų (arki)vyskupas / 58 1.2.1. Žini ų apie šv. Brunono kankinyst ę sklaida Viduramžiais / 58 1.2.2. Ekehardiškosios žinios su rut ėnų (arki)vyskupu įsitvirtinimas / 66 1.3. Lokalin ė (Kverfurto) tradicija: Šv. Brunonas – Kverfurto graf ų gimin ės atstovas, dukart misionieriav ęs Pr ūsijoje ir ten 1008/1009 m. nužudytas / 79 1.4. Šv. Brunonas Bonifacas – sudvejintas šventasis / 88 1.4.1. Dviej ų švent ųjų koegzistavimas ir Lietuvos atsiradimas misijiniame itinerare / 88 1.4.2. „Brunono Bonifaco“ šaltini ų publikavimas ir sudvejinimo rebuso išsprendimas / 99 2. ŠV. BRUNONO BONIFACO PAŽINIMAS 1009-ŲJŲ MISIJOS GEOGRAFIN ĖJE ERDV ĖJE / 105 2.1. Sudvejintas šventasis Lenkijos-Lietuvos valstyb ėje / 105 2.2. Šv. Bonifacas – Regni Poloniae Patronus arba liturginis švent ųjų Brunono ir Bonifaco aspektas / 122 2.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Jubiläumsdekade 500 Jahre Reformation
    ... da ist Freiheit 2. KOR. 3,17 500 JAHRE REFORMATION Informationen zur Gestaltung der Reformationsdekade in Baden zusammengestellt vom landeskirchlichen Beauftragten für das Reformationsjubiläum Wolfgang Brjanzew Stand: November 2016 1 Evangelischer Oberkirchenrat Wolfgang Brjanzew Beauftragter der Evang. Landeskirche in Baden für die Reformationsdekade Blumenstraße 1-7 76133 Karlsruhe Telefon: 0721 9175-316 Telefax: 0721 9175-25-316 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.reformation-baden.de Assistenz: Gisela Kirchberg-Krüger Telefon: 0721 9175-313 E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Inhalt Grundlagen für die Gestaltung des Reformationsgedenkens in der Evang. Landeskirche in Baden (4) A. Vorbemerkungen zur grundsätzlichen Bedeutung des Gedenkens "500 Jahre Reformation" B. Die Basis unserer Dekadearbeit C. Die Zielgruppen D. Die Angebotsebenen E. Die ökumenische Perspektive F. Die Losung des Jubiläumsjahres Die aktuelle Situation und Planung in Baden (6) I. Ausgewählte Serviceangebote der Evang. Landeskirche in Baden (6) Badische Website zur Reformationsdekade Badisches Referententeam zum Themenbereich "Reformation" Reformation auf Youtube - Ein Katalog aus Baden Wanderausstellungen als flexibel einsetzbare Basismodule für unterschiedliche Angebotsformate Religionspädagogische Tipps Veranstaltungs- & Projektberatung durch den landeskirchl. Beauftragten für die Reformationsdekade II. Projekte, Aktionen und Initiativen der Evang. Landeskirche in Baden (8) III. Landeskirchlich geförderte Projekte in den Kirchenbezirken
    [Show full text]
  • Letter-Writing in the Early Swiss Reformation: Zwingli's Neglected Correspondence
    Letter-Writing in the Early Swiss Reformation: Zwingli's Neglected Correspondence (Nigel Harris, Zürich, 7th May 2019) Is a letter a private document? Well, yes; or so I and probably all of us were brought up to believe. Certainly to this day, if a letter arrives at home addressed to my wife or to one of our children, I will on principle never open it – even if I know who it’s from and what it’s likely to contain. It just seems wrong. It seems, literally, none of my business. And so my instinct always tells me just not to do it. With some other kinds of communication, of course, the public/private divide is less clear cut. When I send an e-mail, for example, I can address a great many people at once. Some of them I probably will not know personally. And sometimes, of course, I might end up sending an e-mail by mistake to someone I am very keen actually shouldn’t read it. Mistaking the ‘reply’ button for the ‘reply to all’ button can, as we all know, get you into a lot of trouble. We’ve probably all been there. And with still more modern forms of ‘social’ media, such as Facebook and Twitter, this public/private divide can be still more problematic – so much so, indeed, that I at least shy away from them entirely. The idea of details about my private thoughts or my social and family life being shared, in principle, with absolutely anybody fills me with horror. What on earth has it got to do with anyone else? And, anyway, what gives me the right to imagine that other people are interested in what I’m doing or thinking? Isn’t that just arrogant? Well, I suppose that kind of attitude is a generational thing, and I’m showing my age in adopting it.
    [Show full text]
  • Huldrych Zwingli the Implementation of the Lord’S Supper
    Huldrych Zwingli The Implementation of the Lord’s Supper Translation and Introduction by Jim West Occasional Publications of the Pitts Theology Library Published by the generous support of Dr. and Mrs. Walker L. Ray in honor of Susan Snow Hope Publisher’s Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Zwingli, Ulrich, 1484-1531, author. | West, Jim, 1960- translator. Title: The Implementation of the Lord’s Supper / Huldrych Zwingli ; translation and Introduction by Jim West. Other Tites: Action oder Brauch des Nachtmals. English Description: Atlanta: Pitts Theology Library, [2016] | Series: Occasional Publications of the Pitts Theology Library Subjects: Lord’s Supper -- Early works to 1800 | Reformed Church -- Doctrines. | Reformation -- Switzerland -- Zurich. Classifcation: LCC BR346.A2813 2016 | DDC 230.4--dc23 1 cult project himself. His translation translation His himself. project cult f dif this undertook then and translation for scholarly engagement with Zwingli’s work, helped us identify a Zwingli pamphlet pamphlet Zwingli a identify us helped work, Zwingli’s with engagement scholarly . We are delighted that Dr. Jim West, widely known for his his for known widely West, Jim Dr. that delighted are We . century sixteenth the Supper, one of the most divisive issues among Protestants in the third decade of of decade third the in Protestants among issues divisive most the of one Supper, to document the vigorous debate between Luther and Zwingli about the Lord’s Lord’s the about Zwingli and Luther between debate vigorous the document to lecture at the 2011 Reformation Day at Emory. This rare volume was acquired acquired was volume rare This Emory. at Day Reformation 2011 the at lecture Valerie Hotchkiss for her her for Hotchkiss Valerie Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of the Lost Luther Reference
    1 CONCORDIA 1 THEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY I Volume 43 Number 4 OCTOBER I979 .4nnouncement: -1 hird Annual Sq.mposium on the Lutheran Confessions ........................................... 271 Rabbinical LVritings of the Earl! Christian Centuries and Keu. Testament interpretation ....... Ravmond F. Surbi~rg273 I God's h,linisters. Their Calls. and Their Relationship to Each Other ................ Vetnon H. Harley 286 qar-ne W. Teigen 295 i The Case of the Lost Luther Reference ... The State of Evangelibrn in the i l,ut heran Church-Missouri SJ nod ............ E~Rin J. Kolb 3 10 I An .Application of Case Grammar to Two I New Testament Passages ..................... Theodore Mueller 330 A Reformation Hymn ............................... Douglas Judisch 326 > 3 Opinion of the Department of' Systematic Theolog~............ >2I Homiletical Studies .............................................................. 338 Book Reviews ........................................................................ 773 The Case of the Lost Luther Reference Bjarne W. Teigen The authors of the Formula of Concord appeal especially to Luther to cast further light on what they are expounding. They speak of him as "This highly enlightened man" (SD VII, 28), and call him the "chief teacher of the Augsburg Confession" (SD VII, 34). They particularly appeal to his writings on the Sacrament of the Altar in connection with Article VII and VIII of the Solid Declaration. A careful reading of the Formula of Concord shows that the confessors wanted to confess compIetely the doctrine
    [Show full text]
  • Die Zürcher Täufer 1525-1700. Edited by Urs B. Leu and Christian Scheidegger
    BOOK REVIEWS Die Zürcher Täufer 1525-1700. Edited by Urs B. Leu and Christian Scheidegger. Zürich: Theologischer Verlag Zürich. 2007. Pp. 428. CHF56; €36. As someone who has been working directly in this area of Swiss Anabaptist studies, I find this book a welcome addition. No book-length treatment of this topic has appeared since that of Cornelius Bergmann in 1916. Jacobus ten Doornkaat Koolman wrote a fresh, long article on the topic of Zurich for volume IV (1967) of the Mennonitisches Lexikon. He planned to write a full book on this subject, but it did not appear before his death. Hence this well-documented work fills a void. Urs Leu’s chapter 1, “Huldrich Zwingli und die Täufer,” begins with a statement in January 1523 by the Zurich government, assuming responsibility for the course of the Reformation against the Catholic bishops, and likewise Zwingli as church leader makes it plain that he would proceed with such governmental help so as to avoid any “great uproar.” Zwingli said in 1525 that he was in agreement with the Anabaptists concerning the inward spiritual life, but complained that they insisted on rejecting infant baptism and Christian participation in government. Nevertheless the previous year Zwingli had said that the chief cause of “uproar” among the people were the representatives of the old church, the Roman Catholics (33). Zwingli’s further ambiguity is revealed on another occasion when he thought Hercules, Theseus, Socrates and other good men of the ancients would inherit heaven, but that the Anabaptists would go to hell (78). Leu traces the rise of the first Anabaptist congregation, its further spread, and official opposition down through the Battle of Kappel in 1531, where Zwingli was killed.
    [Show full text]
  • Defending Faith
    Spätmittelalter, Humanismus, Reformation Studies in the Late Middle Ages, Humanism and the Reformation herausgegeben von Volker Leppin (Tübingen) in Verbindung mit Amy Nelson Burnett (Lincoln, NE), Berndt Hamm (Erlangen) Johannes Helmrath (Berlin), Matthias Pohlig (Münster) Eva Schlotheuber (Düsseldorf) 65 Timothy J. Wengert Defending Faith Lutheran Responses to Andreas Osiander’s Doctrine of Justification, 1551– 1559 Mohr Siebeck Timothy J. Wengert, born 1950; studied at the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor), Luther Seminary (St. Paul, MN), Duke University; 1984 received Ph. D. in Religion; since 1989 professor of Church History at The Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. ISBN 978-3-16-151798-3 ISSN 1865-2840 (Spätmittelalter, Humanismus, Reformation) Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2012 by Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, Germany. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher’s written permission. This applies particularly to reproduc- tions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was typeset by Martin Fischer in Tübingen using Minion typeface, printed by Gulde- Druck in Tübingen on non-aging paper and bound Buchbinderei Spinner in Ottersweier. Printed in Germany. Acknowledgements Thanks is due especially to Bernd Hamm for accepting this manuscript into the series, “Spätmittelalter, Humanismus und Reformation.” A special debt of grati- tude is also owed to Robert Kolb, my dear friend and colleague, whose advice and corrections to the manuscript have made every aspect of it better and also to my doctoral student and Flacius expert, Luka Ilic, for help in tracking down every last publication by Matthias Flacius.
    [Show full text]
  • Baptismal Controversy Between Anabaptists and City Reformers In
    KOREA PRESBYTERIAN JOURNAL OF THEOLOGY Vol. 49 No. 3 Baptismal Controversy Between Anabaptists and City Reformers in the 16th Century Reformation, and Its Significance in the Development of the Reformed Tradition in Theology: Focused on Zwingli’s and Hubmaier’s Writings LEE Seung-Gap, Ph.D. Professor, Historical theology Hanil University and Theological Seminary, South Korea I. Preface Ii. Baptismal Controversies between Radicals and City Reformers Iii. Significance of Baptismal Controversies in the Development of the Reformed Tradition in Theology Iv. Conclusion Korea Presbyterian Journal of Theology Vol. 49 No. 3 (2017. 9), 165-197 DOI: 10.15757/kpjt.2017.49.3.007 166 KOREA PRESBYTERIAN JOURNAL OF THEOLOGY Vol. 49 No. 3 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the baptismal controversies between the first Anabaptists and the major city reformers such as Ulrich Zwingli in the early phase of the 16th century Reformation and to explicate the significance that those conflicts implied in the development of the tradition of Reformed Theology. The Reformation opened an era of the most remarkable liturgical revolution in the history of Christianity. As a radical movement, including all the aspects of spiritual, moral, and social renewal, the Anabaptism group contributed to the development of social, economic, and political thoughts, challenging the age of modern Europe, and, especially, as a religious movement, to the development of certain characteristic thoughts of Protestantism, in the sense that they challenged other mainline/magisterial reformers to concentrate their energies on articulating their own views and interpretations in the process of defending their developing positions against the radical voices.
    [Show full text]
  • Schemes for Students' Mobility in Protestant Switzerland
    Karine Crousaz: « Schemes for Students’ Mobility in Protestant Switzerland during the Sixteenth Century » Preprint version, may be quoted. CROUSAZ, Karine, « Schemes for Students’ Mobility in Protestant Switzerland during the Sixteenth Century », preprint version, 2017, 19 p. (Open Acess : CC-BY-NC-ND). Revised version of the paper delivered on 10 October 2015, Northumbria University, (Newcastle), to be published in : Early Modern Universities : Networks of Higher Learning, Anja-Silvia Goeing, Mordechai Feingold and Glyn Parry (eds), 2020/2021 Swiss educational structures experienced major transformations during the sixteenth century, transformations which were driven by the cultural movement of humanism and by the Protestant and Catholic Reformations.1 At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Swiss Confederacy counted only one institution of higher learning: the University of Basel. In 1560, if we take into account the allied territory of Geneva, Switzerland benefited also from four newly created Protestant academies in Zurich, Bern, Lausanne and Geneva. 2 These academies offered instruction in arts and theology, comparable in level and nature to that in the universities of their time. However, the academies did not have the right to grant academic titles. At that time, this ability was restricted to institutions that had received a privilege from the pope or the emperor, and these Catholic authorities would not give it to institutions in Reformed (Calvinist or Zwinglian) territories. In this chapter, we are going to look at how students were helped financially by the Swiss political and religious authorities in order to travel and study abroad. We will see that the policy regarding student scholarships varied considerably among the different Swiss Protestant cities.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Imagining Ecclesiology: a New Missional Paradigm for Community Transformation
    Digital Commons @ George Fox University Doctor of Ministry Theses and Dissertations 4-2021 Re-Imagining Ecclesiology: A New Missional Paradigm For Community Transformation Michael J. Berry Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/dmin Part of the Christianity Commons GEORGE FOX UNIVERSITY RE-IMAGINING ECCLESIOLOGY: A NEW MISSIONAL PARADIGM FOR COMMUNITY TRANSFORMATION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF PORTLAND SEMINARY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY MICHAEL J. BERRY PORTLAND, OREGON APRIL 2021 Portland Seminary George Fox University Portland, Oregon CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ________________________________ DMin Dissertation ________________________________ This is to certify that the DMin Dissertation of Michael J. Berry has been approved by the Dissertation Committee on April 29, 2021 for the degree of Doctor of Ministry in Leadership in the Emerging Culture Dissertation Committee: Primary Advisor: W. David Phillips, DMin Secondary Advisor: Karen Claassen, DMin Lead Mentor: Leonard I. Sweet, PhD Copyright © 2021 by Michael J. Berry All rights reserved ii DEDICATION To my wife, Andra and to our daughters, Ariel and Olivia. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special thanks for everyone’s support and assistance to get me through this process: Dr. Len Sweet, Donna Wallace, Dr. David Phillips, Dr. Loren Kerns, Dr. Clifford Berger, Dr. Jason Sampler, Rochelle Deans, Dr. David Anderson, Dr. Tom Hancock, Patrick Mulvaney, Ray Crew, and especially Tracey Wagner. iv EPIGRAPH The baptism and spiritual
    [Show full text]