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Foliar Anatomical Study in Some Hippocrateaceae

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Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print) 0976–1098(Online) FOLIAR ANATOMICAL STUDY IN SOME HIPPOCRATEACEAE (SENSUSTRICTO) S.B.SHISODE *, D.A.PATIL1 AND D.S.PAGAR* *DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY L.V.H.COLLEGE, NASHIK 422003.M.S. (INDIA). [email protected] 1P.G. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY S.S.V.PSANSTHA’SL.K.DR. P.R. GHOGREY SCIENCE COLLEGE, Received on: DHULE-424005. (M.S.) INDIA. th 30 April 2013 [email protected] Accepted on: ABSTRACT: 12th May 2013 The paper includes foliar anatomical information for seven species belonging Revised on: to seven genera of Hippocrateaceae (sensu stricto) is presented .The leaves th 25 July 2013 are generally dorsiventral andhypostomatic in the species studied. The Published on: pallisade is usually two layered, single layered in Prionostemma aspera and 1st Aug 2013 three layered in Cuervea kappleriana.The region of spongy tissue is broader than the pallisade region. The epidermis has thick cuticle and is followed Volume No. underneath by chlorenchymatous hypodermis. The extent of development of Online & Print 8(2013) hypodermis region is respond in various forms of vascular bundles. Page No. KEY WORD: Foliar anatomy, taxonomy, Hippocrateaceae. 29 to 33 INTRODUCTION: Life Sciences Leaflets Anatomy of plants is classic source of data used in plant taxonomy. is an international Anatomical data are often useful solving taxonomic problems. The beginning open access print & e journal, peer of history of use of anatomical data in taxonomy can be traced back to reviewed, worldwide Malpighi (1675-1679).Since then, anatomical data has been used and abstract listed, culminated in the most recent works of Metcalfe and Chalk (1950, published every month with ISSN, RNI Free- 1979).Anatomical evidence adds another string to the taxonomists bow, and membership, strengthens the summation of evidence that may be essential in the solution of downloads and access. significant problems, Bailley (1953).Leaves provide many anatomical characters (c.f.Robinson, 1969; Lackey, 1978 Keating, 1984…etc.).The http://lifesciencesleaflets.ning.com/ PEER-REVIEWED Page | 29 Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print) 0976–1098(Online) present authors provided anatomical evidence forthe Celastrales, a much loose - knit assemblage of plants (Shisode and Patil, 2000, 2005, 2008 a ,b, 2009, 2010, 2011).This paper deals with foliar anatomy of some species of Hippocrateaceae(sensu stricto) from taxonomic point of view. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The plant materialsobtainedfrom Surinam herbarium, Heidalberglaan, The Netherland. The herbarium material were first boiled in water for few minutes and few drops of acetic acid were added to soften and to help recovery of tissues to natural state .With a gap of few minutesafter boiling the materials were washed in water and kept for next stage of operation. Free hand sections of leaf lamina were taken .They were stained in safranin (1%) and light green (1%) combination and mounted in D.P.X after the customary method of dehydration (Paliwal,1974).They were studied under Olympus research microscope and sketches were drawn using camera lucida. They were inked by rotoring isograph pens. In some cases red, blue yellow filters were used for clarification. Types of stomatal ledges are after Rajagopal and Ramayya (1979). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The leaves are generally dorsiventral in the species studied; however, they are reported centric in Hippocratea and Salacia (Metcalfe and Chalk, 1950).They are always hypostomatic. The abaxial epidermal cells are larger than adaxial inAnthodon decussatum, Elachyptera floribunda, whereas the adaxial cells are smaller in Prionostemma aspera and Semialarium mexicanum.Epedermal cells on both sides are more or less equal-sized in Cuervea kappleriana and Tontelea glabra.The cuticle is thick on adaxial side than abaxial in Anthodon decussatum, Cheiloclinium cognatum, Cuervea kappleriana and Semialarium mexicanum. The epidermis is interrupted by unicellular and multicellular trichomes in Prionostemma aspera and Semialarium mexicanum. The guard cells with outer ledge (Group I, Type IV sensu Rajagopal,T, and Ramayya, 1979) is observed in Elachyptera floribunda andPrionostemma aspera, in rest others they belong to Group I ,Type I. The palisade is usually two layered, exceptionally single layered in Prionostemma aspera and three layered in Cuervea kappleriana.The region of spongy tissueis broader than the palisade region. In the midrib region, the hypodermis is generally chlorenchymatous. It is mostly two layered. It is collnchymatous and three layered on both sides Anthodon decussatum andTontelea glabra it is described one or two layered commonly beneath of the adaxial side of leaf in Campylostemon, Hippocratea and Salacia (Metcalfeand Chalk 1850). The vascular bundle is generally collateral. It is in the form of an arc in Anthodon decussatum which is capped by patches of sclerenchyma abaxially. It is generally in the form of continuous cylinder in Cheiloclinium cognatum, Cuervea kappleriana, Elachyptera floribunda, Prionostemma aspera; Semialarium mexicanum and Tontelea glabra .It is completely encircled by sclerenchyma from outside two cortical bundles are observed on http://lifesciencesleaflets.ning.com/ PEER-REVIEWED Page | 30 Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print) 0976–1098(Online) either side of vascular bundle of the midrib region inAnthodon decussatum, Cheiloclinium cognatum and Cuervea kappleriana. The pith is mostly wide and parennchymatous. It is narrow in Prionostemma aspera. In Anthodon decussatum, it is continuouswith cortical region adaxially. The sclereids are also dispersed in the cortical region only in Cheiloclinium cognatum. Lactiferous canals are described in the species of Hippocratea,Salacia, andCampylostemon (c.f.Metcalfe and Chalk, 1950) but are wanting in the species of present account .Mucilage cells in the mesophyll in case of Hippocratea Velutina and clustered crystals which are reported common by Metcalfe and Chalk (1950) are not observed inthe species presently investigated. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The first author (SBS) is thankful to Dr. Mrs. Alberta .M.W .Mennega. Head, herbarium Division University of Utrecht, Heidelberglaan TC Utrecht, the Netherland, for supplying the herbarium material of taxa studied. Thanks to Principal Dr.B.S. Jagdale. (L.V.H.College .Nasik – 3) for laboratory facilities and encouragement .Special thanks to Director BCUD, University of Pune for providing financial support for two years. REFRENCES: Bailley. I.W. (1950): The anatomical approach to the study of the genera.Chron.Bot.14:121-125. Keating R.C. (1964):Leaf histology and its contribution relationship in the Myrtales. Ann. Missouri. Bot. Gard. 71: 801-823. Lackey J.A. (1978): Leaflet anatomy of Phaseoleae(Leguminosae: Papelionoideae) and its relation to taxonomy. Bot.Gaz. 139: 436 -446. Metcalfe C.R. And Chalk, L.(1950): Anatomy of Dicotyledons Vol. I. Clarendon press Oxford. Metcalfe C R.AndChalk.L.(1979): Anatomy of Dicotyledons Vol2: Systematic anatomy of leaf and stem with a brief history of the subject, 2nd .Ed. Clarendon press Oxford, Paliwal,G.S.(1974): Plant anatomy – Laboratory manual Central book depot. Allahabad, India. Robinson, H.C. (1969): A monograph on foliar anatomy of the genera Connelia, Cottendorfia and Novia (Bromeliaceae) Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 2: 1-41. Rajagopal,T, T and N .Ramayya (1979): Study of stomatal ledges in the angiosperms. In: Histochemistry Development and Structural Anatomy of Angiosperms. (Ed.K.Periaswamy) P and B Publications, Tiruchirapalli(Tml): 176 – 183. Shisode,S.B.and. D.A.Patil (2000): Nodal anatomical studies in some Celastrales. J. Swamy. Bot.Cl.17:87- 92. Shisode, S.B. and D.A.PatiI (2005): Nodal anatomical studies in some Hippocrateaceae (sensu Stricto).J.Swamy.Bot.Cl.22:05-06. http://lifesciencesleaflets.ning.com/ PEER-REVIEWED Page | 31 Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print) 0976–1098(Online) Shisode, S.B.And D A.Patil (2008 a): Petiolar anatomy of some Celastrales. Ind.J.App.and Pure.Bio. 23(1): 185-192. Shisode, S.B. And D.A.Patil (2008 b): The foliar epidermal study in some Hippocrateaceae, with a discussion on its taxonomic position. Flora and Fauna.14 (1):33-40. Shisode, S.B. and D.A.Patil (2010): Study of foliar trichomes, in some species of H (sensu Stricto).Ind.Res.Comm.Vol.4 (2):1-159-161. Shisode, S.B. and D.A.Patil (2011): Taxonomic and phylogenetic census of the Celastrales: A synthetic review. Curr.Bot.2 (4):36-43. Shisode, S.B. AndD.A.Patil (2010): Remark on taxonomy and phylogeny of some disputed Celastraleantaxa. Ind.J, App, and Pure Bio.25(2):207-218. Abbreviations Used: Cb-cortical bundle; Chl-chlorenchyma; Col- collenchyma; Il-inner ledge; Ol- outer ledge; Scl- sclerenchyma; Tc-tannin cells .The observations are tabulated in table. http://lifesciencesleaflets.ning.com/ PEER-REVIEWED Page | 32 Life Sciences Leaflets FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print) 0976–1098(Online) Table No. 1: Foriar Anatomical Characters of Hippocrateaceae http://lifesciencesleaflets.ning.com/ PEER-REVIEWED Page | 33 .
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    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2007 Ecological factors affecting the diversity of tropical tree seedlings C. E. Timothy Paine Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Recommended Citation Paine, C. E. Timothy, "Ecological factors affecting the diversity of tropical tree seedlings" (2007). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2452. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2452 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. ECOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE DIVERSITY OF TROPICAL TREE SEEDLINGS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Biological Sciences by C. E. Timothy Paine B. A. Dartmouth College 1999 August, 2007 i DEDICATION In memory of my grandfather Hugh R. (Farf) Gibson 1920 – 1999 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I first want to thank Kyle Harms. My advisor has been consistently kind, considerate, and supportive of my goals. In his gentle way, he has shepherded me away from dozens of unpro- ductive dark alleys, and encouraged me to head out independently toward the edge of scientific knowledge. He is one of a kind. I thank my graduate committee. Discussions with Richard Stevens, Jim Cronin, Jay Geaghan, and Thomas Dean sharpened the arguments forwarded in this dissertation.
  • Unanimously with the Celastraceae, Because of Its Arboreous Habit, Capsular Fruit, and Isomerous St Amens

    Unanimously with the Celastraceae, Because of Its Arboreous Habit, Capsular Fruit, and Isomerous St Amens

    Celastraceae—II Ding HouLeyden) The family Hippocrateaceae was established by A. L. DE JUSSIEU (Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 18, later R. BROWN 1811, 486, as Hippocraticeae) and three years created the family Celastraceae (in Flinders, Voy. Terra Austr. 2, 1814, 554, as Celastrineae). BROWN was well aware that his new ‘order’ (family in our sense) closely approached Hippocrateaceae and hinted at the Possibility that they might be fused later. This indeed effected P1. who was by HOOKER f. (in B. & H. Gen. 1, 1862, 358), reduced to Hippocrateaceae a tribe of the Celastraceae. Still up till the present there has been no un- animity of opinion on this question. Disagreement with HOOKER’S vision started with MIERS (Trans. Linn. Soc. 38, 1873,319-330) in his elaborationof the South American Hippocrateaceae; reviewed the history of the two families and ably summarized their general characters, Basing himself on literature and new observations he put forward eleven points of difference f or their distinction. However, many new genera and species have been described since 1873 Which have obliterated many of MIERS'S arguments, and recent specialists agree that, if any, only few characters do hold. Loesener, who kept the two families apart (in E. & P. Pfl. Earn. 3, 5, 1892, 189-230; ibid. E D. 2, 20b, 1942, 87-231), in discussing the African genus Campylostemon WELW. (Notizbl. & e rl.-Dahl. 13, 1937, 563-577) remarked that the chief difference between the families would e : isomerous flowers in Celastraceae and anisomerous flowers in Hippocrateaceae. In passing 11 may be noted here that, in absence of fruit, he referred Campylostemon, which possesses 5 stamens, to the Celastraceae.