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Claiming Independence in 140 Characters. Uses of Metaphor in the Construction of Scottish and Catalan Political Discourses on Twitter
CLAIMING INDEPENDENCE IN 140 CHARACTERS. USES OF METAPHOR IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCOTTISH AND CATALAN POLITICAL DISCOURSES ON TWITTER Carlota Maria Moragas Fernández ADVERTIMENT. L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials d'investigació i docència en els termes establerts a l'art. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix l'autorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No s'autoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes d'explotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des d'un lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc s'autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. 32 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual (RDL 1/1996). Para otros usos se requiere la autorización previa y expresa de la persona autora. -
Catalan Independence 2018
Catalan Independence 2018 On October 1, 2017, the Catalan Government headed by Carles Puigdemont of the Junts per Catalunya parliamentary alliance held a referendum on the future independence of Catalonia. A semi-autonomous region within Spain, Catalonia enjoyed comparatively larger self-governance than many of Spain’s other regions after Francisco Franco’s rule ended in 1975. While independence has had relatively strong support in recent years, a final decision has remained elusive due to inconclusive elections, referenda, and political opposition from Madrid. The 2017 referendum recorded 92% of respondents favoring Catalan independence. However, only 43% of registered voters voted in the election marred by domestic and national opposition. The government nonetheless pushed through, declaring itself independent on October 27th. Declaring the referendum and declaration illegal, Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy dismissed the Catalan Generalitat and renewed elections. Puigdemont and his cabinet subsequently fled to Brussels, the headquarters of the European Union. This committee takes place in Catalonia, but Puigdemont remains in exile and his former vice president, Oriol Junqueras, remains in prison. This cabinet consists of fifteen members of Junts pel Sí (Together for Yes) who had not been prosecuted by the Spanish Government after the referendum, and five Spanish representatives sent from Madrid to ensure compliance. Each Catalan member will have access to powers retained after the dissolution of parliament and powers temporarily withheld by Madrid in response to the crisis. Each Spanish member starts with greater powers given by the Spanish government, but will lose some power if and when Madrid deems the situation more under control. -
Briefing #12/2019
BRIEFING #12/2019 A HUNDRED YEARS OF INJUSTICE On 14th October, Spain’s Supreme Court made public its verdict convicting nine political and civil society pro-independence leaders of sedition and sentencing them to a total of 99 years and 6 months of prison and to a similar ban from holding public office1. It is worth remembering that, as pointed out in a communiqué by Agora Judicial- a professional association of judges- “Those found guilty worked together in the calling and the organisation of a referendum on self-determination and that, in itself, is not a crime (...). Such was the decision of the [Spanish] Parliament in 2005 when it excluded from the Criminal Code the call of a referendum without legal base.” Similarly, magistrate and jurist Joaquim Bosch claims that “(…) the verdict attributes to the pro-independence public officials the authorship of sedition through a stream of behaviours linked to the call of the referendum and their calls to go to vote. That attribution of guilt also generates legal doubts, because holding illegal referendums is a conduct that was decriminalized. And encouraging citizens to vote cannot criminalize the summoners for the crimes that may occur subsequently. If it is not a crime to hold a referendum, even less so calling to participate in the consultation. For instance, those who call to take part in a peaceful demonstration cannot be responsible for the offenses that may occur in it. There is no causal link. However, the sentence considers several public officials responsible for sedition, while admitting that they did not participate in acts of passive resistance, nor did they encourage the sitting downs to hinder the actions of [police] agents”. -
The Regions of Spain
© 2017 American University Model United Nations Conference All rights reserved. No part of this background guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means whatsoever without express written permission from the American University Model United Nations Conference Secretariat. Please direct all questions to [email protected] A NOTE Julia Clark Chair Estimats Diputats del Parlament de Catalunya, Dear Diputats of the Parliament of Catalonia, My name is Julia Clark and I’ll be serving as your Chair for the Parliament of Catalonia. I cannot wait to meet all of you in February. Time is of the essence and the Catalan Republic needs creating! As for a little bit about myself: MUN is my life! Last year, I served on the AmeriMUNC Secretariat as the Charges D’Affaires and currently I am an Assistant Head Delegate of the AU Model United Nations competitive travel team. I have done MUN for seven years, competing at 24 conferences across the US and Canada, and I once chaired a conference in the Netherlands! I’m proud to say that AmeriMUNC will be my eighth time chairing. Outside of MUN, I am also the President of my sorority, Phi Mu. If you have any questions about greek life or collegiate MUN, I’d love to chat via email or at the conference. I’m personally very excited to be forming our own new nation, the Catalan Republic. I just studied abroad for four months in Madrid, Spain and was at the center of the real life action surrounding the Catalan independence movement. -
Catalonia, Spain and Europe on the Brink: Background, Facts, And
Catalonia, Spain and Europe on the brink: background, facts, and consequences of the failed independence referendum, the Declaration of Independence, the arrest and jailing of Catalan leaders, the application of art 155 of the Spanish Constitution and the calling for elections on December 21 A series of first in history. Examples of “what is news” • On Sunday, October 1, Football Club Barcelona, world-known as “Barça”, multiple champion in Spanish, European and world competitions in the last decade, played for the first time since its foundation in 1899 at its Camp Nou stadium, • Catalan independence leaders were taken into custody in “sedition and rebellion” probe • Heads of grassroots pro-secession groups ANC and Omnium were investigated over September incidents Results • Imprisonment of Catalan independence leaders gives movement new momentum: • Asamblea Nacional Catalana (Jordi Sànchez) and • Òmnium Cultural (Jordi Cuixart), • Thousands march against decision to jail them • Spain’s Constitutional Court strikes down Catalan referendum law • Key background: • The Catalan Parliament had passed two laws • One would attempt to “disengage” the Catalan political system from Spain’s constitutional order • The second would outline the bases for a “Republican Constitution” of an independent Catalonia The Catalan Parliament factions • In the Parliament of Catalonia, parties explicitly supporting independence are: • Partit Demòcrata Europeu Català (Catalan European Democratic Party; PDeCAT), formerly named Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya -
Press Release 7/2020
CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF SPAIN Office of the President Press Office PRESS RELEASE NO. 7/2020 THE PLENARY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT UNANIMOUSLY REJECTS THE APPEAL FOR AMPARO FILED BY PUIGDEMONT ET AL. AGAINST THE DECISION OF THE SUPREME COURT THAT PREVENTED TURULL FROM GOING TO THE PARLIAMENT FOR HIS INAUGURATION AS PRESIDENT BECAUSE THE JUDICIAL PROCESS HAD NOT BEEN EXHAUSTED The Plenary of the Constitutional Court has unanimously rejected the appeal for constitutional protection (amparo) filed by Carles Puigdemont, Jordi Sánchez, Jordi Turull, Josep Rull and 30 deputies from the Parliament of Catalonia because the judicial process has not been exhausted. This appeal is lodged against the Supreme Court ruling of 23 March 2018, which ordered the measure of preventive detention without bail but with visiting rights for Jordi Turull, when he had already been proposed as candidate for the Presidency of the Catalonian Government and the first debate and voting process for his inauguration had already taken place (22 March 2018). The appellants claimed that their right to political participation had been infringed. To them, they had been prevented from attending to and voting at the second session of Mr. Turull’s inauguration, as he had been put under preventive detention and, therefore, he could not be present at this parliamentary event. The judgment, whose judge rapporteur was Antonio Narváez, explains that “the appellants neither used any means for challenge, nor did they submit to the investigating judge or the Appeals Chamber of the Supreme Court any document to complain about the violation of their rights”. On the contrary, “they directly and immediately filed an appeal for amparo before this Court, without trying to lodge the corresponding appeal for second instance or adhering at least to the one filed by Jordi Turull’s representation. -
La Liga Iberoamericana
Documento de trabajo Agenda prevista completa La Liga Iberoamericana 26 de abril, 2017 Martes 2 de mayo 2017 Lugar: Centre Esplai/ El Prat de Llobregat/Barcelona. Actividad Lugar Comentarios 9.00 Visita guiada a Centre Centre Invitados/as: Esplai Esplai, Delegaciones El Prat de iberoamericanas Llobregat 10.00 Inicio de la reunión de Centre Invitados/as: Junta Directiva de La Liga Esplai, Junta Directiva de La Iberoamericana El Prat de Liga Llobregat 10.00 Actividades de la agenda El Prat de Invitados/as: social, cultural y turística Llobregat Delegaciones “Parque Agrario del Prat de iberoamericanas Llobregat” 12:00 Acreditaciones Recepción Invitados/as: Centre -Delegaciones Esplai iberoamericanas El Prat de -Jóvenes Semana Llobregat -Jóvenes Valor -Comisión Delegada Fundesplai - Comité Ejecutivo Fundesplai -Comité Director y Técnico del Foro 13.00 Recepción Ayuntamiento de Ayuntamie Invitados/as: El Prat de Llobregat. nto del -Delegaciones Bienvenida por parte del Sr. Prat de iberoamericanas Lluís Tejedor, Alcalde de El Prat Llobregat -Jóvenes Semana de Llobregat. -Jóvenes Valor Refrigerio/almuerzo -Comisión Delegada Fundesplai - Comité Ejecutivo Fundesplai -Comité Director y Técnico del Foro 100 personas 16.00 Acreditaciones en el Parlament Invitados/as: Parlament de Catalunya. de 80 personas Catalunya Barcelona 2 16.30 Recepción en el Parlament Parlament Invitados/as: de Catalunya. de Delegaciones Sra. Carme Forcadell, Catalunya iberoamericanas Presidenta del Parlament de Barcelona -Comisión Delegada Catalunya. En hemiciclo. Fundesplai -
Should Politicians Be Prosecuted for Statements Made in the Exercise of Their Mandate?
Provisional version Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights Should politicians be prosecuted for statements made in the exercise of their mandate? Report Rapporteur: Mr Boriss Cilevičs, Latvia, Socialists, Democrats and Greens Group A. Draft resolution 1. The Assembly stresses the crucial importance, in a living democracy, of politicians being able to freely exercise their mandates. This requires a particularly high level of protection of politicians’ freedom of speech and freedom of assembly, both in parliament and when speaking to their constituents in public meetings or through the media. 2. The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR, the Convention) protects everyone’s freedom of speech, including the right to make statements that “shock or disturb” those who do not share the same opinions, as established in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (the Court). 3. The Assembly also notes that freedom of speech is not unlimited. Hate speech condoning violence against certain persons or groups of persons on the grounds of race, origin, religion or political opinions, as well as calls for the violent overthrow of democratic institutions are not protected. Politicians even have a special responsibility, due to their high visibility, to refrain from such abuses. 4. Everyone, and in particular politicians, has the right to make proposals whose implementation would require changes of the constitution, provided the means advocated are peaceful and legal and the objectives do not run contrary to the fundamental principles of democracy and human rights. 5. This includes calls to change a centralist constitution into a federal or confederal one, or vice versa, or to change the legal status and powers of territorial (local and regional) entities, including to grant them a high degree of autonomy or even independence. -
Moltes Gràcies President. Senyores I Senyors Diputats, MH President Mas
Moltes gràcies president. Senyores i senyors diputats, MH president Mas, MH president Benach, MH presidenta de Gispert, Excma. senyora Conesa, representants electes al Congrés i al Senat, consellera Borràs, autoritats, senyores i senyors que ens segueixen des de l’hemicicle i des de la resta de sala habilitades, i als que ens segueixen a través dels mitjans de comunicació arreu del país, també una salutació molt afectuosa, més afectuosa que mai als familiars dels presos i dels exiliats. Tanben as aranesi que mos seguissen des dera Val. Jo avui no hauria de ser aquí. Jo no hauria d'estar fent aquest discurs d'investidura i tampoc no hauria de demanar-los la confiança per a un programa de govern. Avui, aquí, ara, hauria de ser-hi el president legítim de Catalunya, el MH Sr. Carles Puigdemont. I hauria de ser ell, adreçant-se en llibertat a aquesta cambra, qui els exposés el programa de govern per al nostre país. I a ell l'haurien d'acompanyar tots els presos polítics i exiliats que tampoc poden ser aquí. També ells, lliures i amb nosaltres i les seves famílies, haurien de poder-lo escoltar. Siguin, doncs, les meves primeres paraules per a enviar un record emocionat a tots els qui, pel simple fet de permetre votar al poble de Catalunya, són avui privats dels seus drets, privats de llibertat sense sentència, ostatges d'un Estat que ha vulnerat les regles democràtiques més elementals. No poden ser aquí ni els nostres companys diputats, el President Puigdemont, el vicepresident Junqueras, els consellers Jordi Turull i Josep Rull, ni el president del nostre Grup Parlamentari, Jordi Sánchez. -
New Perspectives on Nationalism in Spain • Carsten Jacob Humlebæk and Antonia María Ruiz Jiménez New Perspectives on Nationalism in Spain
New Perspectives on Nationalism in Spain in Nationalism on Perspectives New • Carsten Humlebæk Jacob and Antonia María Jiménez Ruiz New Perspectives on Nationalism in Spain Edited by Carsten Jacob Humlebæk and Antonia María Ruiz Jiménez Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Genealogy www.mdpi.com/journal/genealogy New Perspectives on Nationalism in Spain New Perspectives on Nationalism in Spain Editors Carsten Humlebæk Antonia Mar´ıaRuiz Jim´enez MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Editors Carsten Humlebæk Antonia Mar´ıa Ruiz Jimenez´ Copenhagen Business School Universidad Pablo de Olavide Denmark Spain Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Genealogy (ISSN 2313-5778) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/genealogy/special issues/perspective). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03943-082-6 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-03943-083-3 (PDF) c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. -
Jailed Catalan Separatist Mps Pick up Credentials Amid Tight Security
b What’s On 9-12 b Enjoying Majorca 13 b Weather 14 b Cars 16-17 b Sports 28-29 British baby in serious condition after 7 metre fall: Tuesday, May 21 2019 See Report Inside 1.20€ · Founded 1962 · N.16904 · Passeig de Mallorca 9 A, Palma 07011 Jailed Catalan separatist MPs pick up credentials amid tight security ive jailed Catalan The five are in detention tion while Raul Romeva was to a party colleague or risk be- separatists elected to while on trial for their in- elected to the Senate. ing absent from what are parliament last volvement in Catalonia’s “Today we have been able to likely to be closely contested F month picked up 2017 independence referen- leave prison ... thanks to your votes, notably in a deeply their credentials as lawmak- dum and brief declaration of votes... Your votes have made fragmented lower house. ers yesterday amid high se- secession from Spain, which us free,” Junqueras said in a It is as yet unclear if they curity after being granted judicial authorities declared tweet. would be able to participate temporary release from cus- illegal. They and seven other Cata- in any other parliamentary tody. The Supreme Court ruled lan leaders face charges of re- sessions. Flanked by plainclothes po- they could collect their pa- bellion, sedition and misuse Like all lawmakers, they lice and ushered through a pers and also attend today’s of public funds, which they were handed a briefcase tight cordon set up around opening parliamentary ses- all deny. The trial is expected marked with parliament’s the national assembly build- sions before returning to to last several months more. -
Reagrupament Continuarà Sent Guionista De La Història De Catalunya. | 17-11-2012 | 10:52
Reagrupament continuarà sent guionista de la història de Catalunya. | 17-11-2012 | 10:52 V Assemblea Nacional Amb el missatge del president Joan Carretero, que ha llegit la vicepresidenta Rut Carandell, que Reagrupament ha de treballar per continuar sent el guionista de la història, s'ha clos aquest migdia de diumenge la V assemblea Nacional de la formació independentista, que s'ha iniciat puntualment a les 10 del matí, amb la presència de més 300 associats a la sala Marià Vila d'Abadal de l'Edifici El Sucre de Vic, amb el Cant de la Senyera, la benvinguda per part de Reagrupament Osona i la intervenció de l'alcalde de la ciutat, Josep-Maria Vila d'Abadal. La vicepresidenta ha afegit que a partir de la presa de posició hem tingut contactes amb CDC i que el president Artur Mas va trucar personalment el president Joan Carretero per agrair-li el suport de Reagrupament. L'actual president de l'Associació de Municipis Independentistes (AMI) ha agraït als reagrupats que per segona vegada, en menys d'un any i mig, hagin escollit la capital d'Osona per celebrar l'assemblea nacional. Vila d'Abadal ha destacat que "la mania del catalanisme de buscar l'encaix amb Espanya ens ha distret durant 130 anys" i ha encoratjat els associats a continuar endavant amb els objectius de transversalitat i regeneració democràtica. Per a l'alcalde vigatà el moviment nascut l'11S és un moviment social. "I això no pot decaure. No donem la torxa als polítics. Els partits faran tàctica política i nosaltres hem de ser ferms per un estat lliure i independent", ha afegit Rut Carandell, que ha estat l'encarregada, en absència del president, de fer l'informe anual, ha donat especial rellevància a la decisió presa per la Junta Directiva Nacional de donar suport, en les pròximes eleccions plebiscitàries, al president Mas.