På Andres Premisser: Taus, Usynlig Eller I Konfrontasjon En Analyse Av Sørsamisk Offentlig Samtale

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På Andres Premisser: Taus, Usynlig Eller I Konfrontasjon En Analyse Av Sørsamisk Offentlig Samtale På andres premisser: Taus, usynlig eller i konfrontasjon En analyse av sørsamisk offentlig samtale Inga Marja Steinfjell Master i urfolksjournalistikk, 2019 Innhold Abstrakt - Norsk ........................................................................................................................ 5 Abstract - English ..................................................................................................................... 5 Forord ..........................................................................................................................................7 1 Innledning ................................................................................................................................8 1.1 Problemstilling ............................................................................................................9 1.2 Avgrensning ...............................................................................................................10 1.3 Begrepsavklaring .......................................................................................................10 1.4 Min posisjon ..............................................................................................................11 1.5 Valg av tema .............................................................................................................13 2 Åarjelsaepmie ........................................................................................................................15 2.1 Innledning ..................................................................................................................15 2.2 Tap av land .................................................................................................................16 2.3 Tidlig samisk offentlig samtale .................................................................................20 2.4 Nyere sørsamisk pressehistorie .................................................................................23 2.5 Samisk språk tar plass i mediene ...............................................................................24 2.6 Samisk demokrati og tillit .........................................................................................28 2.7 Sijth og maadtoe ........................................................................................................30 2.8 Sørsamiske Institusjoner ............................................................................................34 2.9 Samiske forvaltningskommuner og ny offentlighet .................................................35 3 Tidligere forskning .................................................................................................................37 3 Forskningsdesign og metodologi ...........................................................................................41 3.1 Metode og utvalg .......................................................................................................41 3.2 Språklige valg ............................................................................................................43 3.3 Anonymisering ..........................................................................................................44 3.4 Å være en del av data ................................................................................................46 4 Teoretisk ramme .....................................................................................................................47 4.1 Rettigheter og friheter ...............................................................................................47 4.2 Ledelse og makt .........................................................................................................48 4.3 Journalistikk og mediene ...........................................................................................50 3 4.4 Offentlige samtale......................................................................................................53 4.5 Demokrati og kritikken av den ..................................................................................60 4.6 Samisk retorikk ..........................................................................................................61 5 Analyse ................................................................................................................................66 5.1 Innledning ..................................................................................................................66 5.2 Tre offentligheter .......................................................................................................67 5.3 Majoritetssfæren ........................................................................................................69 5.4 Riksgrensens rolle .....................................................................................................71 5.5 Den allsamiske offentligheten og dilemmaer knyttet til den .....................................72 5.6 En mediesfære på andres premisser ..........................................................................74 5.7 Den sørsamiske offentligheten ..................................................................................77 5.8 Det lukkede sørsamiske rommet ...............................................................................81 5.9 Språklige og språkpolitiske dilemmer .......................................................................87 5.10 Selvbestemmelse i mediespørsmål ..........................................................................91 5.11 Kjønn .......................................................................................................................92 5.12 Makt og avmakt .......................................................................................................93 5.13 Sosiale medier .........................................................................................................96 6 Diskusjon og avslutning .........................................................................................................98 Anbefalinger ...........................................................................................................................103 7 Referanser ............................................................................................................................106 7.1 Litteratur ..................................................................................................................106 7.2 Andre kilder: ............................................................................................................112 7.2.1 FORELESNINGER ....................................................................................112 7.2.2 NETTSIDER ...............................................................................................112 8 Vedlegg ..............................................................................................................................113 8.1 Intervjuguide på norsk .............................................................................................113 4 Abstrakt - Norsk Denne masteroppgaven ser på sørsamisk offentlig samtale. Finnes en slik offentlighet? Om det gjør det, hvordan er den og hvilken rolle har mediene i den? Ved hjelp av kvalitative intervjuer av ledere i det sørsamiske samfunnet analyseres den sørsamiske virkeligheten i forhold til teor- ier om offentlig samtale og urfolksmedier. Analysen viser at en offentlig samtale finnes, men den er språklig fragmentert og er først og fremst intern i det sørsamiske samfunnet. Sørsamene opptrer også i forhold til to andre offent- ligheter – majoritetssfæren og den allsamiske sfæren - men disse to er på mange måter adskilt fra den sørsamiske virkeligheten. I mangel på medier og offentlige rom for å diskutere, antar fysiske møteplasser, både offentlige og private, en viktig rolle i det sørsamiske samfunnet. Sør- samiske ledere blir ikke utsatt for kritisk journalistisk gransking, og får heller ikke hjelp i deres informasjonsrolle. Språklig fragmentering. Arbeidet avsluttes med refleksjon om hva som bør undersøkes mer, samt anbefalinger om hvordan den sørsamiske offentlige debatten kan løftes. Nøkkelord: Offentlighet, offentlig samtale, sterk og svak offentlighet, medias rolle, urfolk, mi- noritet, journalistikk, demokrati, språklig fragmentering. Abstract - English This thesis sets out to investigate the presence of a public discourse within the South Saami community, by asking if such a conversation indeed exists publicly, and if so, in what way the media has a role to play within said discussion. Drawing upon qualitative interviews with South Saami leaders, the thesis scrutinises the reality of everyday life within the community through the lens of public sphere and indigenous media theories. This thesis shows that a public sphere can indeed be found within the South Saami community, but it`s linguistically fractionalised and most discussions remain internal, and thus not public. In addition, the South Saami have to correlate to two additional public spheres, i.e. that of the 5 majority, as well as a pan-Saami public arena, but overall, these arenas are kept parallel, and thus in many ways entirely separate from the South Saami reality of life. In the absence of me- dia involvement, as well as a public arena to discuss internal and external issues, physical pri- vate and public meeting places play an important role within the South Saami community. Furthermore, this thesis argues
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