DOCSLIB.ORG

Volume 11 JNCOLCTL Final Online.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Journal of the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages Vol. 11 Spring, 2012 Danko Šipka, Editor Antonia Schleicher, Managing Editor Charles Schleicher, Copy Editor Nyasha Gwaza, Production Editor Kevin Barry, Production Assistant The development of the Journal of the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages is made possible in part through a grant from the U.S. Department of Education Please address enquiries concerning advertising, subscriptions and issues to the NCOLCTL Secretariat at the following address: National African Language Resource Center 4231 Humanities Building, 455 N. Park St., Madison, WI 53706 Copyright © 2012, National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages (NCOLCTL) iii The Journal of the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages, published annually by the Council, is dedicated to the issues and concerns related to the teaching and learning of Less Commonly Taught Languages. The Journal primarily seeks to address the interests of language teachers, administrators, and researchers. Arti- cles that describe innovative and successful teaching methods that are relevant to the concerns or problems of the profession, or that report educational research or experimentation in Less Commonly Taught Languages are welcome. Papers presented at the Council’s annual con- ference will be considered for publication, but additional manuscripts from members of the profession are also welcome. Besides the Journal Editor, the process of selecting material for publication is overseen by the Advisory Editorial Board, which con- sists of the foremost scholars, advocates, and practitioners of LCTL pedagogy. The members of the Board represent diverse linguistic and geographical categories, as well as the academic, government, and business sectors. JNCOLCTL Advisory Editorial Board Elizabeth M. Bergman Miami University of Ohio, Arabic Richard Brecht University of Maryland and NFCL, Russian and Language Advocacy Stephane Charitos Columbia University, Language Technology, Greek Victor Friedman University of Chicago, Balkans and Caucasus Languages Michael Hillmann University of Texas-Austin, Farsi, Tajik Scott McGinnis Defense Language Institute, Washington DC, Chinese Rajandra Singh University de Montreal, South Asian languages, Theoretical Approaches iv The Journal of the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Lan- guages is a refereed publication. The editors invite submissions of ar- ticles, book reviews, and advertisements for future volumes. To be considered for publication, manuscripts should be typed, double spaced, with margins of at least one and one-half inches. Articles should include a 150-word abstract and should be about 20 typewrit- ten pages. All references and notes should follow the style of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 4th ed. (1994). Manuscripts should be: • A maximum of 20 pages (excluding references, charts, notes, etc.) and submitted electronically via word (1997- 2003)-document e-mail attachment. • Double-line spaced throughout, including notes, references, and tables, using 12-point Times New Roman font with a 1.5 inch left margin. (Please ensure that this specified formatting is followed). • Accompanied by a 150 word (or less) abstract and a cover sheet containing the manuscript title, name, address, office and home telephone numbers, fax number, email address, and full names and institutions of each author. (Because the ma- nuscript will be blind reviewed, identifying information should be on the cover sheet only, and not appear in the manuscript). All Manuscripts should be electronically submitted via email to The Editor at: [email protected] and copied to the Secretariat at: se- [email protected]. Subscriptions and address changes to the journal should be sent to Dr. Antonia Schleicher, National African Language Resource Center, 4231 Humanities Building, 455 N. Park Street, Madison, WI 53706. Subscription Rates: 1 Year Individual U.S. $30 1 Year Institutional U.S. $60 Journal of the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages Volume 11 Spring 2012 Table of Contents Editor’s Introduction ix Danko Šipka, Arizona State University Prioritizing African Languages: Challenges to macro-level 1 planning for resourcing and capacity building Tristan M. Purvis, Christopher R. Green, & Gregory K. Iverson Independence, Interaction, Interdependence and Interrela- 31 tion: Learner Autonomy in a Web-based Less Commonly Taught Language Classroom Marina V. Kostina Second Language Writing System Word Recognition (with a 53 focus on Lao) Christine Elliott Revisiting songs in Language Pedagogy 75 Rajaa Aquil Arabic Heritage Language Learners: motivation, expecta- 97 tions, competence, and engagement in learning Arabic Ghassan Husseinali The Impact of Standard Spoken Tamil in Singapore Tamil 111 Classrooms Seetha Lakshmi vi National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages (NCOLCTL) NCOLCTL is an organization dedicated to the teaching and learning of Less Commonly Taught Languages. Membership is open to individuals and organizations that share this interest. NCOLCTL Homepage http://www.ncolctl.org NCOLCTL Officers President: Catherine Ingold, University of Maryland Vice-President: Alwiya S. Omar, Indiana University Immediate Past President: Hong Gang Jin, Hamilton College Secretary Treasurer: Susan Schmidt, University of Colorado Executive Director: Antonia Schleicher, University of Wisconsin-Madison At Large Board Members: Jacques du Plessis, UW - Milwau- kee, Muhammad S. Eissa, University of Chicago, and Audrey Mbeje, University of Pennsylvania NCOLCTL Mission Statement NCOLCTL’s mission is to increase the number of Americans who choose to learn one or more of the less commonly taught lan- guages (LCTLs) as a means of enhancing cross-cultural communica- tion among citizens of the United States. NCOLCTL’s work focuses on the less commonly taught languages which are becoming increa- singly vital to the economic, social and political welfare of the United States. Furthermore, NCOLCTL seeks to improve the teaching and learning of these languages and to make them more generally availa- ble. We are the national voice for organizations and individuals who represent the teaching of these less commonly taught languages at both the collegiate and precollegiate level. NCOLCTL also promotes vii the use of technology, especially computers and the Internet, to ena- ble a new era in cross-cultural understanding, communication, and language education. NCOLCTL constitutes a national mechanism devoted to strengthening the less commonly taught language professions through enabling NCOLCTL members to work toward “shared solu- tions to common problems.” NCOLCTL principally directs its ef- forts toward building a national architecture for the LCTL field and in making the field’s resources easily accessible to language programs and individual learners around the United States. Activities of NCOLCTL Since its establishment in 1990, NCOLCTL has carried out a variety of activities to raise awareness about the importance of less commonly taught languages. NCOLCTL achieves its goals through the following activities: Annual Conference in conjunction with Delegate Assembly Conducting research to promote and facilitate the learning and teaching of the LCTLs Planning for and establishing a national policy for building the national capacity for the study of the LCTLs Enhancing the capacity of existing LCTL national associa- tions, and organizing new ones Establishing a system for networking and communication among member organizations, and facilitating their collective efforts to solve problems in the LCTL field Developing language learning frameworks to guide teacher training, curriculum design, materials development, and seek ways to address problems of articulation among different le- vels of the American educational system Working, on behalf of the members, with government agen- cies, foundations, and the general foreign language commun- ity on policy issues and to seek funding to establish effective standards for the less commonly taught language field Fostering national and international linkages within and across the various language areas viii Online Teaching Courses designed primarily for new instruc- tors of LCTLs at postsecondary level and a useful resource for experienced instructors. Becoming a member of NCOLCTL Both individual and organizational Membership Application forms for the National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languag- es are available online at: http://www.ncolctl.org/be-a-member Editor’s Introduction Danko Šipka Arizona State University The present volume features six papers from various linguistic and geographical areas. The opening paper discusses challenges to macro- level planning for African languages and initiates broader issues of language planning and policy for LCTLs. The remaining five papers discuss concrete classroom-driven problems. The second paper ad- dresses the issue of learner’s autonomy in a web-based LCTL class- room. The third contribution to this volume investigates the problem of second language writing system word recognition pertinent to nu- merous LCTLs. The next two papers come from Arabic language classrooms but they analyze two different problems. The role of songs is discussed in the fourth paper of this volume while the fifth contribution addresses the role of heritage speakers. Last but not least, the sixth and final paper in this volume gives this volume a broader global perspective by discussing the
Recommended publications
  • Prioritizing African Languages: Challenges to Macro-Level Planning for Resourcing and Capacity Building

    Prioritizing African Languages: Challenges to Macro-Level Planning for Resourcing and Capacity Building

    Prioritizing African Languages: Challenges to macro-level planning for resourcing and capacity building Tristan M. Purvis Christopher R. Green Gregory K. Iverson University of Maryland Center for Advanced Study of Language Abstract This paper addresses key considerations and challenges involved in the process of prioritizing languages in an area of high linguistic di- versity like Africa alongside other world regions. The paper identifies general considerations that must be taken into account in this process and reviews the placement of African languages on priority lists over the years and across different agencies and organizations. An outline of factors is presented that is used when organizing resources and planning research on African languages that categorizes major or crit- ical languages within a framework that allows for broad coverage of the full linguistic diversity of the continent. Keywords: language prioritization, African languages, capacity building, language diversity, language documentation When building language capacity on an individual or localized level, the question of which languages matter most is relatively less complicated than it is for those planning and providing for language capabilities at the macro level. An American anthropology student working with Sierra Leonean refugees in Forecariah, Guinea, for ex- ample, will likely know how to address and balance needs for lan- guage skills in French, Susu, Krio, and a set of other languages such as Temne and Mandinka. An education official or activist in Mwanza, Tanzania, will be concerned primarily with English, Swahili, and Su- kuma. An administrator of a grant program for Less Commonly Taught Languages, or LCTLs, or a newly appointed language authori- ty for the United States Department of Education, Department of Commerce, or U.S.
  • Assessment of Arterial Structure and Function in South Asian Ischaemic Stroke Survivors in the United Kingdom

    Assessment of Arterial Structure and Function in South Asian Ischaemic Stroke Survivors in the United Kingdom

    Original Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine (University of Birmingham) ASSESSMENT OF ARTERIAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN SOUTH ASIAN ISCHAEMIC STROKE SURVIVORS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM Dr. Herath Mudiyanselage Ashan Indika Gunarathne M.B.B.S, M.R.C.P (U.K ) Specialist Registrar in Cardiology, East Midlands Deanery & Honorary Lecturer in Medicine, University of Birmingham March 2012 ii University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. 2 of 625 Copyright statement Copyright in text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies (by any process) either in full, or in extracts, may be made only in accordance with the instructions given by the author and the University of Birmingham. This page must form part of any such copies made. Further copies (by any process) of copies made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the permission (in writing) of the author. The ownership of any intellectual property rights which may be described in this thesis is vested in the University of Birmingham, subject to any prior agreement to the contrary, and may not be made for use by third parties without the written permission of the University, which will prescribe the terms and conditions of any such agreement.
  • From Colonial Segregation to Postcolonial ‘Integration’ – Constructing Ethnic Difference Through Singapore’S Little India and the Singapore ‘Indian’

    From Colonial Segregation to Postcolonial ‘Integration’ – Constructing Ethnic Difference Through Singapore’S Little India and the Singapore ‘Indian’

    FROM COLONIAL SEGREGATION TO POSTCOLONIAL ‘INTEGRATION’ – CONSTRUCTING ETHNIC DIFFERENCE THROUGH SINGAPORE’S LITTLE INDIA AND THE SINGAPORE ‘INDIAN’ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY BY SUBRAMANIAM AIYER UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY 2006 ---------- Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 3 Thesis Argument 3 Research Methodology and Fieldwork Experiences 6 Theoretical Perspectives 16 Social Production of Space and Social Construction of Space 16 Hegemony 18 Thesis Structure 30 PART I - SEGREGATION, ‘RACE’ AND THE COLONIAL CITY Chapter 1 COLONIAL ORIGINS TO NATION STATE – A PREVIEW 34 1.1 Singapore – The Colonial City 34 1.1.1 History and Politics 34 1.1.2 Society 38 1.1.3 Urban Political Economy 39 1.2 Singapore – The Nation State 44 1.3 Conclusion 47 2 INDIAN MIGRATION 49 2.1 Indian migration to the British colonies, including Southeast Asia 49 2.2 Indian Migration to Singapore 51 2.3 Gathering Grounds of Early Indian Migrants in Singapore 59 2.4 The Ethnic Signification of Little India 63 2.5 Conclusion 65 3 THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE COLONIAL NARRATIVE IN SINGAPORE – AN IDEOLOGY OF RACIAL ZONING AND SEGREGATION 67 3.1 The Construction of the Colonial Narrative in Singapore 67 3.2 Racial Zoning and Segregation 71 3.3 Street Naming 79 3.4 Urban built forms 84 3.5 Conclusion 85 PART II - ‘INTEGRATION’, ‘RACE’ AND ETHNICITY IN THE NATION STATE Chapter
  • Languages of Southeast Asia

    Languages of Southeast Asia

    Jiarong Horpa Zhaba Amdo Tibetan Guiqiong Queyu Horpa Wu Chinese Central Tibetan Khams Tibetan Muya Huizhou Chinese Eastern Xiangxi Miao Yidu LuobaLanguages of Southeast Asia Northern Tujia Bogaer Luoba Ersu Yidu Luoba Tibetan Mandarin Chinese Digaro-Mishmi Northern Pumi Yidu LuobaDarang Deng Namuyi Bogaer Luoba Geman Deng Shixing Hmong Njua Eastern Xiangxi Miao Tibetan Idu-Mishmi Idu-Mishmi Nuosu Tibetan Tshangla Hmong Njua Miju-Mishmi Drung Tawan Monba Wunai Bunu Adi Khamti Southern Pumi Large Flowery Miao Dzongkha Kurtokha Dzalakha Phake Wunai Bunu Ta w an g M o np a Gelao Wunai Bunu Gan Chinese Bumthangkha Lama Nung Wusa Nasu Wunai Bunu Norra Wusa Nasu Xiang Chinese Chug Nung Wunai Bunu Chocangacakha Dakpakha Khamti Min Bei Chinese Nupbikha Lish Kachari Ta se N a ga Naxi Hmong Njua Brokpake Nisi Khamti Nung Large Flowery Miao Nyenkha Chalikha Sartang Lisu Nung Lisu Southern Pumi Kalaktang Monpa Apatani Khamti Ta se N a ga Wusa Nasu Adap Tshangla Nocte Naga Ayi Nung Khengkha Rawang Gongduk Tshangla Sherdukpen Nocte Naga Lisu Large Flowery Miao Northern Dong Khamti Lipo Wusa NasuWhite Miao Nepali Nepali Lhao Vo Deori Luopohe Miao Ge Southern Pumi White Miao Nepali Konyak Naga Nusu Gelao GelaoNorthern Guiyang MiaoLuopohe Miao Bodo Kachari White Miao Khamti Lipo Lipo Northern Qiandong Miao White Miao Gelao Hmong Njua Eastern Qiandong Miao Phom Naga Khamti Zauzou Lipo Large Flowery Miao Ge Northern Rengma Naga Chang Naga Wusa Nasu Wunai Bunu Assamese Southern Guiyang Miao Southern Rengma Naga Khamti Ta i N u a Wusa Nasu Northern Huishui
  • THE MEDIA's INFLUENCE on SUCCESS and FAILURE of DIALECTS: the CASE of CANTONESE and SHAAN'xi DIALECTS Yuhan Mao a Thesis Su

    THE MEDIA's INFLUENCE on SUCCESS and FAILURE of DIALECTS: the CASE of CANTONESE and SHAAN'xi DIALECTS Yuhan Mao a Thesis Su

    THE MEDIA’S INFLUENCE ON SUCCESS AND FAILURE OF DIALECTS: THE CASE OF CANTONESE AND SHAAN’XI DIALECTS Yuhan Mao A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Language and Communication) School of Language and Communication National Institute of Development Administration 2013 ABSTRACT Title of Thesis The Media’s Influence on Success and Failure of Dialects: The Case of Cantonese and Shaan’xi Dialects Author Miss Yuhan Mao Degree Master of Arts in Language and Communication Year 2013 In this thesis the researcher addresses an important set of issues - how language maintenance (LM) between dominant and vernacular varieties of speech (also known as dialects) - are conditioned by increasingly globalized mass media industries. In particular, how the television and film industries (as an outgrowth of the mass media) related to social dialectology help maintain and promote one regional variety of speech over others is examined. These issues and data addressed in the current study have the potential to make a contribution to the current understanding of social dialectology literature - a sub-branch of sociolinguistics - particularly with respect to LM literature. The researcher adopts a multi-method approach (literature review, interviews and observations) to collect and analyze data. The researcher found support to confirm two positive correlations: the correlative relationship between the number of productions of dialectal television series (and films) and the distribution of the dialect in question, as well as the number of dialectal speakers and the maintenance of the dialect under investigation. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author would like to express sincere thanks to my advisors and all the people who gave me invaluable suggestions and help.
  • Singaporean First: Challenging the Concept of Transnational Malay Masculinity

    Singaporean First: Challenging the Concept of Transnational Malay Masculinity

    This is an Accepted Manuscript of a book chapter published by Amsterdam University Press as: Lyons, L., Ford, M. (2009). Singaporean First: Challenging the Concept of Transnational Malay Masculinity. In Derek Heng, Syed Muhd Khairudin Aljunied (Eds.), Reframing Singapore: Memory - Identity - Trans-Regionalism, (pp. 175-193). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Singaporean First: Challenging the Concept of Transnational Malay Masculinity Lenore Lyons and Michele Ford Since Singapore's independence in 1965, the People's Action Party's (henceforth the PAP) management of ethnicity and potential ethnic conflict has depended on a strategy that emphasizes selected 'race' identities.1 Under a policy of multiracialism, all Singaporeans fall into one of four official race categories - Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Others. This policy, known as 'CMIO multiracialism', goes much further than simply providing an environment in which cultural and religious practices are observed and upheld. It downplays diversity within racial categories and emphasizes shared cultural and linguistic heritages within racial groups. In the process, race becomes an important way of labelling the population and individuals are encouraged to think about themselves using these racial categories. CMIO multiracialism relies for its legitimacy upon the imagery of an ever-present threat to national stability from inter-ethnic conflict. It is thus promoted as a pragmatic solution to the realities of nation building. The policy was developed in a context of concern about the promotion of Malay privilege under the leadership of the United Malays National Organization (UMNO), in the short-lived Federation of Malaysia of which Singapore was a part from 1963 to 1965. During this period, the PAP promoted the concept of a 'Malaysian Malaysia' in which all races were given equal rights, against a 'Malay Malaysia' in which Malays (as bumiputera, literally 'sons of the soil') would be privileged above other ethnic groups (Lian and Rajah 2002).
  • Racialisation in Singapore, Philippa Poole, 2016

    Racialisation in Singapore, Philippa Poole, 2016

    CERS Working Paper 2016 Philippa Poole Racialisation in Singapore Introduction This essay will seek to establish an account of racialisation in Singapore since it became an independent sovereign state in 1965 until the present day. The working definition of racialisation adhered to in this process is racialisation as "the dynamic process by which racial concepts, categories and divisions come to structure and embed themselves in arenas of social life" (Law, 2010, p. 59). This will be achieved by critically assessing four key dimensions which demonstrate how the State privileges the Chinese-Singaporean majority, comprising 74.2% of the population (Muigai, 2010), and both directly and indirectly discriminates against the minority ethnic groups. These are primarily the Malay-Singaporeans, the Indigenous people of Singapore making up 13.4% of the population, but also Indian-Singaporeans (9.2%) and other ethnic groups including Eurasians (3.2 %) (Mugai, 2010). This essay relates to Barr's (2008) thesis, and will argue that since the 1980s Singapore has faced a period of Racial Sinicisation, whereby there is a growing hegemony celebrating Chineseness above all other groups. This is producing an assimilationist logic, but also involves racial marking by the State, the People's Action Party (PAP). This is despite the fact that Singapore is globally recognised as multicultural and a site of ethnic social and cultural harmony, having a diverse ethnic mix all crammed into an area of 682.7km² and not having faced communal riots since 1964 between the Chinese and Malay (Mugai, 2010). The first dimension explored will discuss how external influences have interacted with ongoing stereotypes about the different ethnic groups in Singapore (CMIO - Chinese, Malay, Indian and Other) and influenced State indirect and direct discriminatory policies.
  • 36 Rising India Index.Indd 687 8/28/08 12:37:01 PM 688 Index

    36 Rising India Index.Indd 687 8/28/08 12:37:01 PM 688 Index

    INDEX A Alien Control Officers Abe, Shinzo, 146 Philippines, 527 Abdul Kalam (President), 86, 313, 314 All-Malaya Hindu Conference, 461 Abdullah Badawi, 342, 441 Amanah Saham Nasional, 342, 343 academics Amar Emporium, 533 Malaysia, 43 Ambani, Mukesh, 136 accounting and audit areas Amco, 533 under-representation, 327 American Civil War, 30 Acharya, Amitav, 158 American colonialism Adi Dravidar caste, 457–59 Philippines, 500 adivasi labour, 18 Amedeo Corporation, 180 Aditha Birla Group, 136, 240 Amul ice cream, 183 Africa slave trade Anand Pur Durbar, 245 involvement of banians, 23 Andamans, 14 Agamic, 458, 459 Andhra Pradesh, 241 Agamic gods, 467 Angkor Wat, 88, 288, 294 Agamic temples, 459 Anholt, Simon, 130 Agencia Bocolod, 533 annual earnings Agencia Zee, 533 Indian males in Malaysia, 340 Agreement on Confidence Building anti-Chinese opposition Measures (CBM), 196 trade unions, from, 10 agriculture anti-Pol Pot forces, 94 Malaysia, 348 APTECH, 198, 201 Ahmad Fairuz Sheikh Abdul Halim Aptech India-Ascent Network (Chief Justice), 390 Solutions, 517 Air Services Agreement Arakan, 14 Brunei and India, 172 Bangladeshi migrants, 53 Aiyar, Pallavi, 202 Arasaratnam, 13 alibata arc of advantage, 105 Filipino alphabet, 500 Archaelogical Survey of India, 294 687 36 Rising India Index.indd 687 8/28/08 12:37:01 PM 688 Index Armani, 131 Asian Relations Conference (ARC), 92 Arumugam, M., 247 Asiatic foreigners Arthasastra, 158, 195 Cambodia, 289 Arya Samaj, 679 Association of Southeast Asian ASEAN Nations, see ASEAN economic ties with India, 76 A.T.
  • ISO 639-3 Code Split Request Template

    ISO 639-3 Code Split Request Template

    ISO 639-3 Registration Authority Request for Change to ISO 639-3 Language Code Change Request Number: 2019-061 (completed by Registration authority) Date: 2019 Aug 31 Primary Person submitting request: Kirk Miller E-mail address: kirkmillerat gmail dot com Names, affiliations and email addresses of additional supporters of this request: PLEASE NOTE: This completed form will become part of the public record of this change request and the history of the ISO 639-3 code set and will be posted on the ISO 639-3 website. Types of change requests Type of change proposed (check one): 1. Modify reference information for an existing language code element 2. Propose a new macrolanguage or modify a macrolanguage group 3. Retire a language code element from use (duplicate or non-existent) 4. Expand the denotation of a code element through the merging one or more language code elements into it (retiring the latter group of code elements) 5. Split a language code element into two or more new code elements 6. Create a code element for a previously unidentified language For proposing a change to an existing code element, please identify: Affected ISO 639-3 identifier: czh Associated reference name: Huizhou Chinese 5. Split a language code element into two or more code elements (a) List the languages into which this code element should be split: Jishe Hui Chinese Xiuyi Hui Chinese Qide Hui Chinese (Qiwu Hui Chinese) Jingzhan Hui Chinese Yanzhou Hui Chinese ���� (b) Referring to the criteria given above, give the rationale for splitting the existing code element into two or more languages: Despite their relatively small geographic area, there is a very low degree of intelligibility among the Huizhou lects.
  • Map by Steve Huffman Data from World Language Mapping System 16

    Map by Steve Huffman Data from World Language Mapping System 16

    Mandarin Chinese Evenki Oroqen Tuva China Buriat Russian Southern Altai Oroqen Mongolia Buriat Oroqen Russian Evenki Russian Evenki Mongolia Buriat Kalmyk-Oirat Oroqen Kazakh China Buriat Kazakh Evenki Daur Oroqen Tuva Nanai Khakas Evenki Tuva Tuva Nanai Languages of China Mongolia Buriat Tuva Manchu Tuva Daur Nanai Russian Kazakh Kalmyk-Oirat Russian Kalmyk-Oirat Halh Mongolian Manchu Salar Korean Ta tar Kazakh Kalmyk-Oirat Northern UzbekTuva Russian Ta tar Uyghur SalarNorthern Uzbek Ta tar Northern Uzbek Northern Uzbek RussianTa tar Korean Manchu Xibe Northern Uzbek Uyghur Xibe Uyghur Uyghur Peripheral Mongolian Manchu Dungan Dungan Dungan Dungan Peripheral Mongolian Dungan Kalmyk-Oirat Manchu Russian Manchu Manchu Kyrgyz Manchu Manchu Manchu Northern Uzbek Manchu Manchu Manchu Manchu Manchu Korean Kyrgyz Northern Uzbek West Yugur Peripheral Mongolian Ainu Sarikoli West Yugur Manchu Ainu Jinyu Chinese East Yugur Ainu Kyrgyz Ta jik i Sarikoli East Yugur Sarikoli Sarikoli Northern Uzbek Wakhi Wakhi Kalmyk-Oirat Wakhi Kyrgyz Kalmyk-Oirat Wakhi Kyrgyz Ainu Tu Wakhi Wakhi Khowar Tu Wakhi Uyghur Korean Khowar Domaaki Khowar Tu Bonan Bonan Salar Dongxiang Shina Chilisso Kohistani Shina Balti Ladakhi Japanese Northern Pashto Shina Purik Shina Brokskat Amdo Tibetan Northern Hindko Kashmiri Purik Choni Ladakhi Changthang Gujari Kashmiri Pahari-Potwari Gujari Japanese Bhadrawahi Zangskari Kashmiri Baima Ladakhi Pangwali Mandarin Chinese Churahi Dogri Pattani Gahri Japanese Chambeali Tinani Bhattiyali Gaddi Kanashi Tinani Ladakhi Northern Qiang
  • India and Singapore: Fifty Years of Diplomatic Relations

    India and Singapore: Fifty Years of Diplomatic Relations

    Contents ARITCLES 1-61 SOMEN BANERJEE 1-15 The United Nation’s Agenda of Sustainable Peace: Implications for SAGAR SURANJAN DAS AND SUBHADEEP BHATTACHARYA 16-32 India and Singapore: Fifty Years of Diplomatic Relations SANA HASHMI 33-47 India-Taiwan Relations: Time is Ripe to Bolster Ties N. MANOHARAN AND ASHWIN IMMANUEL DHANABALAN 48-61 Punching Above Weight? The Role of Sri Lanka in BIMSTEC BOOK REVIEWS 62-86 ARVIND GUPTA 62-69 ‘The India Way: Strategies for an Uncertain World’ by S. Jaishankar PINAK CHAKRAVARTHY 70-74 ‘Sea of Collective Destiny: Bay of Bengal and BIMSTEC’ by Vijay Sakhuja and Somen Banerjee SKAND RANJAN TAYAL 74-79 ‘The Odyssy of a Diplomat’ by L.L. Mehrotra SHREYA UPADHYAY 80-83 ‘One Mountain Two Tigers: India, China and the High Himalayas’ by Shakti Sinha (Ed.) RAJIV NARAYANAN 84-86 ‘India’s Foreign Policy: Surviving in a Turbulent World’ by Anil Wadhwa and Arvind Gupta (Eds.) COMPENDIUM OF CONTRIBUTIONS 87-89 Published in Volume 14 (2019) Indian Foreign Affairs Journal Vol. 15, No. 1, January–March 2020, 1-15 The United Nation’s Agenda of Sustainable Peace: Implications for SAGAR Somen Banerjee* Two decades into the twentieth century, traditional interstate conflicts continue to persist. However, peace and security are no longer measured only in terms of conventional wars. Under-development in many parts of the globe manifests itself in crime, terrorism, and civil wars which, invariably, have a transnational character, and affect regional stability. In 2016, the United Nations Security Council and the General Assembly adopted concurrent resolutions on Sustainable Peace, recognising that development, peace, and security are firmly interlinked.
  • Yichang to Badong Expressway Project

    Yichang to Badong Expressway Project

    IPP307 v2 World Bank Financed Highway Project Yiba Expressway in Hubei·P. R. China YBE_05 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Yichang to Badong Expressway Project Social Assessment Report Final Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Financed Project Office of HPCD Social Survey Research Center of Peking University 22 September 2008 1 Preface Entrusted by the World Bank Financed Project Execution Office (PEO) under the Hubei Provincial Communications Department (HPCD), the Social Survey Research Center of Peking University (SSRCPKU) conducted an independent assessment on the “Project of the Stretch from Yichang to Badong of the Highway from Shanghai to Chengdu”. The Yiba stretch of the highway from Shanghai to Chengdu is lying in the west of Hubei Province which is at the joint of middle reaches and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The project area administratively belongs to Yiling District Yichang City, Zigui County, Xingshang County and Badong County of Shien Tujia & Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It adjoins Jianghan Plain in the east, Chongqing City in the west, Yangtze River in the south and Shengnongjia Forest, Xiangfan City etc in the north. The highway, extending 173 km, begins in Baihe, connecting Jingyi highway, and ends up in Badong County in the joint of Hubei and Sichuan, joining Wufeng highway in Chongqing. Under the precondition of sticking to the World Bank’s policy, the social assessment is going to make a judgment of the social impact exerted by the project, advance certain measures, and in the meanwhile bring forward supervision and appraisement system. During July 1st and 9th, 2007, the assessment team conducted the social investigation in Yiling District Yichang City, Zigui County, XingshanCounty and Badong County.