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Le Pontificat Romain Dans L'époque Contemporaine the Papacy in the Contemporary

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Le Pontificat Romain Dans L'époque Contemporaine the Papacy in the Contemporary e-ISSN 2610-9107 Studi di storia 5 ISSN 2610-9883 — Le pontificat romain dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age sous la direction de | edited by Giovanni Vian Edizioni Ca’Foscari Le pontificat romain dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age Studi di storia Collana coordinata da Laura Cerasi Mario Infelise Anna Rapetti 5 Studi di storia Coordinatori Laura Cerasi (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Mario Infelise (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Anna Rapetti (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Comitato scientifico Claus Arnold (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Deutschland) Marina Caffiero (Sapienza Università di Roma, Italia) Giovanni Filoramo (Università degli Studi di Torino, Italia) Marco Fincardi (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Stefano Gasparri (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Vincenzo Lavenia (Università di Macerata, Italia) Simon Levis Sullam (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Adelisa Malena (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Alberto Masoero (Università degli Studi di Genova, Italia) Rolf Petri (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Giorgio Politi (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Silvio Pons (Università degli Studi di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’, Italia) Antonella Salomoni (Università della Calabria, Cosenza, Italia) Enzo Traverso (Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States) Giovanni Vian (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Chris Wickham (All Souls College, University of Oxford, United Kingdom) Direzione e redazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici Palazzo Malcanton Marcorà, Dorsoduro 3484/D 30123 Venezia [email protected] e-ISSN 2610-9107 ISSN 2610-9883 URL http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/collane/studi-di-storia/ Le pontificat romain dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age sous la direction de | edited by Giovanni Vian Venezia Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing 2018 Le pontificat dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age Giovanni Vian (sous la direction de | edited by) © 2018 Giovanni Vian pour le texte | for the text © 2018 Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing pour la présente édition | for the present edition cb Quest’opera è distribuita con Licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione 4.0 Internazionale This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Qualunque parte di questa pubblicazione può essere riprodotta, memorizzata in un sistema di recupero dati o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma o con qualsiasi mezzo, elettronico o meccanico, senza autorizzazione, a condizione che se ne citi la fonte. Any part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission provided that the source is fully credited. Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Dorsoduro 3859/A 30123 Venezia http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/ [email protected] 1ère édition Juin 2018 | 1st edition June 2018 ISBN 978-88-6969-239-0 [ebook] ISBN 978-88-6969-256-7 [print] Le pontificat dans l’époque contemporaine | The Papacy in the Contemporary Age / Sous la direction de | edited by Giovanni Vian — 1ère éd. | 1st ed. — Venezia: Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing, 2018. — 252 p.; 23 cm. — (Studi di storia; 5). — ISBN 978-88-6969-256-7. URL http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/libri/978-88-6969-256-7/ DOI 10.14277/978-88-6969-239-0 Le pontificat dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age sous la direction de | edited by Giovanni Vian Abstract The volume, deepening specific aspects of the popes from Pius X to Francis, offers, overall, a historical reading of the papacy from the early twentieth cen- tury to the present. In this time – between uncertainties, resistances, cautious openings – the papacy realised the transition from intransigent Catholicism to dialogue with modernity and its most characteristic cultural, political and social expressions. In this regard, the presence of swings and retractions in the popes of the last decades are also an expression of the troubles that have marked the long and difficult coexistence between papacy, Roman Catholic Church and modernity, until pope Bergoglio’s new guidelines. Keywords Papacy. Roman Catholic Church. Modernism. Pius X. Benedict XV. Pius XI. Vatican Radio. Catholic Antisemitism. Pius XII. John XXIII. Paul VI. John Paul II. Benedict XVI. Pope Francis. Canonization Policy. Globalisation. Le pontificat dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age sous la direction de | edited by Giovanni Vian Table of Contents Avant-propos Le Pontificat Romain et la Modernité dans le dernier siècle Giovanni Vian 9 Pius X, Merry del Val and the Cases of Alfred Loisy and George Tyrrell Institutional Aspects of Antimodernism Claus Arnold 17 Contre les « erreurs modernes » L’enseignement de Benoît XV sur la prédication (1914-1918) Sante Lesti 33 Documents from the Vatican Secret Archives Concerning the Pontificate of Benedict XV The Positiones of the Consistorial Congregation Alejandro M. Dieguez 49 Vatican Radio and Modern Propaganda A Case Study Raffaella Perin 67 « Perfidie judaïque » : un débat sur l’accueil de la modernité dans l’église Daniele Menozzi 87 Living the Gospel in History ‘Aggiornamento’ and ‘Rinnovamento’ in John XXIII Giovanni Vian 115 Paul VI : un pape réformateur pour une Église en phase avec son époque Giovanni Vian 145 Jean-Paul II et la compréhension moderne du politique Résistances et ajustements Philippe Portier 153 John Paul II’s Canonisation Policy Valentina Ciciliot 171 Identité, islam et catholicisme allemand Analyse du discours de Ratisbonne de Benoît XVI Pierre Baudry 193 Le pape François et la mondialisation Un pontificat pour un christianisme global ? Giovanni Vian 215 Conclusion The Papacy in the Current Age: Between Modernity and Globalization Giovanni Vian 237 Index des noms | Index of Names 243 Le pontificat romain dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age sous la direction de | edited by Giovanni Vian Avant-propos Le Pontificat Romain et la Modernité dans le dernier siècle Giovanni Vian (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Les 8 et 9 juin 2012, s’est déroulé au sein du Dipartimento di Studi Linguistici e Culturali Comparati de l’Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, grâce aussi au concours financier du Recteur de l’Université vénitienne, le workshop international Il pontificato romano in età contemporanea. Cette initiative a constitué la première réunion du réseau de recherche “Église catholique, modernisation et modernité dans l’Europe contemporaine”, promu, depuis 2011, par un certain nombre de chercheurs engagés dans l’analyse, selon les principes de la méthodologie historique, des rapports entre le catholicisme et l’Église romaine d’un côté et la société de l’autre : Claus Arnold (à ce moment-là à la J.W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, aujourd’hui à la Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz), Jan De Maeyer (KADOC-Documentatie-en Onderzoekscentrum voor Religie, Cultuur en Samenleving – Katholieke Universiteit Leuven), Daniele Menozzi (Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa), Philippe Portier (Groupe Sociétés, Religions, Laïcités CNRS/École Pratique des Hautes Études de Paris) et Giovanni Vian (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia). Ces chercheurs voulaient insérer l’échange scientifique indispensable autour des sujets de leurs recherches dans un contexte de coopération académique européenne. Dans le même temps, ils ont régulièrement invité un panel de doctorants, de post doc et de jeunes scientifiques à participer aux activités du réseau de recherche. Ces rencontres se sont traduites par l’organisation de workshops à cadence annuelle ou presque. Ensuite, en 2016 les promoteurs du réseau de recherche ont décidé de l’étendre, sous la nouvelle dénomination Chri- stian Churches, Culture and Society in Contemporary Europe (CCSCE), à toutes les branches du christianisme. Traduction révisée par Virginie Collini. Studi di storia 5 ISSN [online] 2610-9107 | ISSN [print] 2610-9883 DOI 10.14277/6969-239-0/SDS-5-0 | Submitted: 2018-04-11 ISBN [ebook] 978-88-6969-239-0 | ISBN [print] 978-88-6969-256-7 © 2018 | Creative Commons 4.0 Attribution alone 9 e-ISSN 2610-9107 Le pontificat romain dans l’époque contemporaine, 9-16 ISSN 2610-9883 Ce volume représente dans une large mesure la reprise et l’achèvement de cette première réunion à Venise.1 En effet, en raison des engagements de certains auteurs et pour des questions d’organisation qui ont retardé la publication du présent livre, il n’a pas été possible d’inclure les communications présentées à Venise par Jan De Maeyer, « Leo XIII : the Pope of an Integrated Modernity », Sabine Lauderbach, « Benedict XV and the ‘Idea of Europe’ 1914-1922 » et Ignazio Veca, « Pio IX, il suo ‘mito’ e gli errori della società moderna : un montaggio ». Il a cependant été décidé d’y ajouter deux autres contributions afin de faire apparaître l’évolution du pontificat romain depuis 2013 : l’une sur le pontificat de Benoît XVI, qui avait fait l’objet d’une table ronde au workshop du 2012,2 et l’autre sur le pape François. Au cours du siècle dernier, le rôle du pape a changé plusieurs fois et à différents degrés. Sur le plan politique d’abord, la transformation a été extraordinaire, avec la réduction de la principauté du pape à une dimension essentiellement symbolique (bien qu’avec les accords du Latran de 1929 – en particulier avec le Traité entre le Saint-Siège et
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