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Home , History of Scotland

SCHOOL OF DIVINITY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY

ACADEMIC SESSION 2014-2015

HI1522: AN INTRODUCTION TO SCOTTISH HISTORY

15 CREDITS; 11 WEEKS

22TPLEASE NOTE CAREFULLY22T:

The full set of school regulations and procedures is contained in the Undergraduate Student Handbook which is available online at your MyAberdeen Organisation page. Students are expected to familiarise themselves not only with the contents of this leaflet but also with the contents of the Handbook. Therefore, ignorance of the contents of the Handbook will not excuse the breach of any School regulation or procedure.

You must familiarise yourself with this important information at the earliest opportunity.

COURSE CO-ORDINATOR/COURSE TEAM Alastair Macdonald Office hours: Monday 11-12; Thursday 11-12 Tel: 01224 273927

Email: [email protected] For details of other members of the course team see

31TUhttp://www.abdn.ac.uk/sdhp/history/U31T .

Discipline Administration: Mrs Barbara McGillivray/Mrs Gillian Brown 2015 - 50-52 College Bounds

2014 Room CBLG01 |

- 01224 272199/272454

[email protected]

TIMETABLE Lectures: three one-hour lectures per week throughout the half session. Course Document

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Tutorials: one-hour session in weeks 3-11 (with the exception of week 7 which is a reading week)

See your portal or 31TUMyAberdeenU31T for times and venues. Students can view the University Calendar at

31TUhttp://www.abdn.ac.uk/students/13891.phpU31T

COURSE DESCRIPTION is one of the oldest political units in Western Europe, arguably th emerging as a discernible entity by no later than the middle-to-late 10P P century. The overall objective of this course is to chart the underlying continuities and radical changes that mark the nation’s historical development th since the early 12P P century up to the present day. In doing so it aims to assess and question the value of, and the problems inherent in, studying societies through the prism of national history. The course will seek to strike a balance between identifying the unique and distinctive aspects of the country’s experience and those factors and influences shared in common with other societies. A further objective is to familiarise students with the different historical issues and problems that arise when studying a dramatic ‘event’, such as the 1707 Union, or more evolutionary ‘processes’ like the ‘Europeanization’ of th th 12P P- and early 13th-century Scotland or de-industrialisation in the later 20P P century. These central objectives will be explored through the tutorials, which th focus on particular ‘events’ such as the Wars of Independence in the late 13 P P th and early 14P P centuries or the of the 1560s, and gradual ‘developments’ such as Urbanisation. Underpinning these individual tutorials is a number of key themes that will provide a sense of continuity and contrast between the different historic periods. These include (but are not restricted to):

• Government • Foreign Relations • Religions • Emigration and Immigration

• Regionalism

2015 • Social Structures - • Urban Life 2014 |

• Cultural Forces -

All these themes (and many others) will be found in the tutorials and primary sources to varying degrees. When reading for the course there should be a constant awareness of these topics and how they vary in their impact and Course Document

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significance over time. This will help structure individual and group learning while facilitating a broader and integrated understanding of Scottish history.

INTENDED AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

AIMS: THE COURSE AIMS TO INTRODUCE STUDENTS TO THE COMPLEXITIES AND DISTINCTIVE HISTORY OF SCOTLAND BETWEEN C.1100 AND 2000.

Learning outcomes: By the end of the course students should be able to: • demonstrate a knowledge of the major events and processes that have shaped Scottish history • appreciate different historiographical approaches • understand interactions between social, economic, political and cultural historical developments • distinguish and appreciate the role of continuities and sharp disjuncture in shaping societies • analyse historical primary and secondary sources • reach informed judgements and coherent conclusions in written and oral work • practise basic IT skills • reflect upon, and make informed choices about, level two and honours History courses that deal in whole or in part with Scottish History

Transferable Skills: This course aims to develop transferable skills of two main kinds. Firstly, the skills noted above and relating to the format of the course are skills that are indispensable in many different kinds of work, both within academia and in the world at large. In addition, you are expected to develop your IT skills by submitting your essays in word-processed format. Other transferable skills arise from the content of the course.

LECTURE/SEMINAR PROGRAMME

LECTURE PROGRAMME Week 1: Introduction L1 Introduction: Themes, Aims and Objectives Alastair Macdonald

L2 Library Session Janet MacKay 2015

- L3 Scotland: Landscape, Identity and History Marjory Harper

2014 |

- Week 2: Chronologies & Controversies L4 Medieval Scotland Andrew Mackillop L5 Early Modern Scotland Andrew Mackillop L6 Modern Scotland Andrew Mackillop

Course Document

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Week 3: Government L7 Medieval Government Andrew Mackillop L8 Early Modern Government Andrew Mackillop L9 Modern Government: British Democracy to Scottish Andrew Mackillop

Week 4: War L10 Medieval War A L11 Early Modern War Alastair Macdonald L12 Modern War Alastair Macdonald

Week 5: Religion L13 Scotland and Medieval Christendom Marjory Harper L14 Scotland’s Marjory Harper L15 Secular Scotland? Marjory Harper

Week 6: The Highlands L16 The Highlands to the Fall of the Lords of the Isles Marjory Harper L17 Clanship to Clearance Marjory Harper L18 The Modern Highlands Marjory Harper

Week 7: Anglo-Scottish Relations L19 Overlordship and Independence, c.1100-1500 Alastair Macdonald L20 Unions, c.1500-1707 Alastair Macdonald L21 Anxiety and Assimilation, c.1707-2014 Alastair Macdonald

Week 8: Urban Life L22 The Medieval Andrew Mackillop L23 The Urbanisation of Scotland Andrew Mackillop L24 Decline and Renewal Andrew Mackillop

Week 9: Social Hierarchy L25 Kings, Nobles and Peasants Jackson Armstrong L26 The Rise of the ‘Middling Sort’ Jackson Armstrong L27 Classless Scotland? Jackson Armstrong

Week 10: The Mobile Scot 2015

- L28 Pilgrimage, Crusade, Conflict and Commerce Marjory Harper L29 Scotland and the ‘New World’ in the Eighteenth Century Marjory Harper 2014 |

- L30 The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries Marjory Harper

Week 11: Popular Culture L31 Medieval Popular Culture Alastair Macdonald L32 Early Modern Popular Culture Alastair Macdonald

Course Document L33 Modern Popular Culture Alastair Macdonald

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TUTORIALS Tutorials give you the opportunity to look at specific areas in more depth than can be achieved by lectures. You will be guided by your tutor to look at specific areas of the topic, so the participation of everyone is vital in ensuring a complete picture is gained of the period/question. There will also be an original primary source for you to read in advance of each tutorial – it is vital that you read the document/s each week as we will discuss them in class. The tutorial documents are available on MyAberdeen. In addition, you will be expected to give a presentation to your tutorial group that should last no longer than 10 minutes. Further details will be given in the tutorial groups.

The role of tutors is not only to teach, but also to advise and help. Please do contact your tutor about any aspect of your studies that you feel he or she might be able to help you with. Their contact details are on the Department’s Staff Pages and they maintain office hours. Alternatively, messages can be left in the Departmental Office (College Bounds, Ground 01).

Week 1: No Tutorials Week 2: No Tutorials Week 3: Tutorial 1: Introduction: Aims and Objectives: What is Scottish History? Week 4: Tutorial 2: Scotland: A Hybrid Kingdom? Week 5: Tutorial 3: Independence and the Wars of Scotland Week 6: Tutorial 4: The Week 7: No Tutorials Week 8: Tutorial 5: The Birth of Britain? The 1603 and 1707 Unions Week 9: Tutorial 6: Urbanisation and Industrialisation Week 10: Tutorial 7: World Wars Week 11: Tutorial 8: De-industrialisation and Devolution

TUTORIAL THEMES & READINGS

Tutorial 1: Introduction: What is Scottish History? This tutorial will lay out the class work requirements, including reading and tutorial presentations. The introductory tutorial will also begin exploring some

of the themes in Scottish history. Initial questions might focus upon the 2015

- following: In what ways is Scottish history distinctive? 2014 |

- What is the value of studying Scotland across the ‘medieval’, ‘early modern’ and ‘modern’ periods?

N. Ascherson, Stone Voices: the search for Scotland (2002) M. Ash, The Strange Death of Scottish History (1980)

Course Document E.J. Cowan & R. Findlay (eds), Scottish History: The Power of the Past (2002)

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G. Donaldson, Scotland: the shaping of the nation (1993 edition) G. Donaldson, Scotland’s History: Approaches and Reflections (1995), especially ch. 4 T.M. Devine, ‘Whither Scottish History: Preface’, Scottish Historical Review, 73 (1994) M. Lynch, Scotland: a New History (1991) A. Mackillop, ‘The State of Early Modern and Modern Scottish Histories’, Scottish Historical Review, 92 (2013) R. Mitchison, A History of Scotland (1981) R. Mitchison (ed.), Why Scottish History Matters (1997) J. Wormald, Scotland: A History (2005)

Tutorial 2: Scotland: A Hybrid Kingdom? In what ways was Scotland ‘Europeanized’ (changed by external influences), and by what means? How did the local inhabitants of different regions respond? To what extent did Scotland emerge as a hybrid ‘Scoto-Norman’ kingdom by th the 13P P century? How important were ties with in this period?

G.W.S. Barrow, Kingship and Unity: Scotland, 1000-1306 (1981) G.W.S. Barrow, The Anglo-Norman Era in Scottish History (1980) G.W.S. Barrow, (1124-53): the Balance of the New and Old (1985); also in G.W.S. Barrow, Scotland and its Neighbours in the (1992) G.W.S. Barrow, ‘The lost Gàidhealtachd of medieval Scotland’, in W. Gillies (ed.), Gaelic and Scotland: agus a’ Ghàidlig (1989) D. Broun, ‘Defining Scotland and the Scots before the wars of independence’, in D. Broun et al. (eds), Image and Identity: the Making and Re-making of Scotland through the Ages (1998) D. Broun, ‘Anglo-French acculturation and the Irish element in Scottish identity’, in B. Smith (ed.), Britain and , 900-1300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change (1999) D. Broun, and the Idea of Britain (2007) R.R. Davies, Domination and Conquest: the Experience of Ireland, Scotland and

Wales, 1100-1300 (1990) 2015

- R.R. Davies, The First English Empire: Power and Identities in the , 1093-1343 (2000) 2014 |

- A.A.M. Duncan, Scotland: the Making of the Kingdom (1975), chs 6–8 M.D. Hammond, ‘Ethnicity and the Writing of Medieval Scottish History’, Scottish Historical Review, 85 (2006) R.A. McDonald, ‘Matrimonial politics and core-periphery interactions in twelfth- and early thirteenth-century Scotland’, Journal of Medieval History,

Course Document 21 (1995)

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R. Oram, David I: the King Who Made Scotland (2004) A. Woolf, From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070 (2007), chs 7–8

Tutorial 3: Independence and the Wars of Scotland What were Edward I’s aims in Scotland between 1286 and 1307? What were the problems faced by Robert I in 1306, and on what basis did he claim to rule? What were the reasons for Scotland’s military success under Robert I? Can we speak of a Scottish ‘national’ identity by the decades around 1300?

A.D.M. Barrell, Medieval Scotland (2000), chs 4-5 G.W.S. Barrow, Kingship and Unity: Scotland, 1000-1306 (1981), chs 7, 8 G.W.S. Barrow, ‘The idea of freedom in late medieval Scotland’, Innes Review, 30 (1979) G.W.S. Barrow, Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland (4th ed., 2005), chs 1-8 D. Broun, ‘The Birth of Scottish History’, Scottish Historical Review, 76 (1997) D. Broun, ‘The : pedigree of a nation’, and G.G. Simpson, ‘The Declaration of Arbroath: what significance when?’, both in G.W.S. Barrow (ed.), The Declaration of Arbroath: History, Significance, Setting (2003) M.H. Brown, The Wars of Scotland 1214-1371 (2004), chs 2-9, 14 M. Brown, Disunited Kingdoms: Peoples and Politics in the British Isles: 1280- 1460 (2013) E.J. Cowan, ‘Identity, Freedom and the Declaration of Arbroath’, in D. Broun et al. (eds), Image and Identity: the Making and Re-making of Scotland through the Ages (1998) R.R. Davies, ‘The English state and the Celtic peoples, 1100-1400’, Journal of Historical Sociology 6 (1993) A.A.M. Duncan, Scotland: the Making of the Kingdom (1975), chs 12, 20, 21 A. Grant, Independence and Nationhood: Scotland, 1306-1469 (1984) M. Lynch, Scotland: A New History (1991), ch 8 R.G. Nicholson, Scotland: The Later Middle Ages (1974) M. Prestwich, Edward I (1988, 1997), chs 14, 18 N. Reid, ‘The Kingless Kingdom: The Scottish Guardianships of 1286-1306’,

Scottish Historical Review, 61 (1982) 2015

- G.G. Simpson, ‘The Declaration of Arbroath Revitalised’, Scottish Historical Review, 56 (1977) 2014 |

- E.M. Spiers, et al. (eds), A Military History of Scotland (2012)

Tutorial 4: The Scottish Reformation What do the actions of the Lords of the Congregation and the 1560 Parliament tell us about the balance of politics and religion within the process of

Course Document reformation?

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To what extent was the Reformation in Scotland driven by the kingdom’s relations with England and France? How did the imposition of the Presbyterian Kirk affect the public and private practice of piety in Scotland? By what point, and why, did the Reformation become secure and irreversible?

A.D.M. Barell, ‘Royal presentations to ecclesiastical benefices in late medieval Scotland’, Innes Review, 55 (2004) J.K. Cameron (ed.), The First Book of Discipline (1972) I.B. Cowan, The Scottish Reformation (1982) I.B. Cowan & D. Shaw (eds), The and Reformation in Scotland (1983)

16TJ. Dawson, The Politics of Religion in the age of Mary, Queen of Scots: The Earl

of Argyll and the struggle for Britain and Ireland 16T(2002) J. Dawson, Scotland Re-formed (2007) G. Donaldson, The Scottish Reformation (1960) J.P. Foggie, Renaissance Religion in Urban Scotland: The Dominican Order, 1450-1560 (2003) J. Guy, My Heart in My Own: The Life of Mary Queen of Scots (2004) R. Keith, History of the Affairs of Church and State in Scotland, from the beginning of the Reformation to the year 1568, ed. J.P. Lawson and C.J. Lyon, 3 vols (1844-50) J. Kirk, Patterns of Reform: Continuity and Change in the Reformation Kirk (1989) J. Knox, History of the Reformation in Scotland, ed. W.C. Dickinson (1949) M. Lynch, & the Reformation (1981) M. Lynch (ed.), Mary Stewart: Queen in Three Kingdoms (1988) M. Lynch, The Early Modern Town in Scotland (1987) D. MacCulloch, Reformation: Europe’s House Divided, 1490-1700 (2003), ch 8 F.A. Macdonald, Missions to the : Reformation and Counter Reformation in and the Highlands and Islands of Scotland (2006)

R. Mason, 16TJohn Knox and the British Reformations16T (1998) M. Sanderson, Cardinal of Scotland: , c. 1494-1546 (1986) M. Todd, The Culture of in Early Modern Scotland (2002) J. Wormald, Court, Kirk and Community: Scotland, 1442-1603 (1985)

J. Wormald, Mary Queen of Scots: a study in failure (1988) 2015

- Tutorial 5: The Birth of Britain? The 1603 and 1707 Unions 2014 |

16T

- Evaluate the pros and cons of the Regal Union for Scottish society. Why did Union happen in 1707 and what does its ‘limited’ character say about the nature of Scottish society and identity? To what extent was the Union a ‘good deal’ for Scotland?

16TConsider the contention that ‘the failure of the 1603 Regal Union was

Course Document inevitable, which in turn made the 1707 union inevitable.’

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The 1603 K.M. Brown, Noble Society in Scotland: Wealth, Family and Culture from the Reformation to the Revolution (2000) N. Canny, ‘The Origins of Empire: An Introduction’, in idem (ed.), The Oxford History of the , vol. I: The Origins of Empire (1998) G. Donaldson, ‘James VI and vanishing frontiers’, in G. Menzies (ed.), The Scottish Nation (1972) B. Galloway, The Union of England and Scotland, 1606-1608 (1986) J. Goodare, ‘The nobility and the absolutist state in Scotland, 1584-1638’, History, 78 (1993) J. Goodare, State and Society in Early Modern Scotland (1999), ch. 3 J. Goodare, The Government of Scotland, 1560-1625 (2004), ch. 12 J. Goodare and M. Lynch (eds), The Reign of James VI (2000), esp. ch. 2

16TJ. Goodare & A.A. Macdonald (eds), Sixteenth-Century Scotland: Essays in

Honour of Michael Lynch16T (2008) M. Lee, 's Solomon: James VI and I in his three kingdoms (1990), chs 3, 6, 7 M. Lee, Government by Pen: Scotland under James VI and I (1980) M. Lee, ‘James VI'’ government of Scotland after 1603’, Scottish Historical Review, 55 (1976) M. Lee, The ‘Inevitable’ Union, and Other Essays on Early Modern Scotland (2003), chs 1, 9 B.P. Levack, The Formation of the British State (1987) A.A. Macdonald, The Jacobean Kirk, 1567-1625: sovereignty, polity and liturgy (1998)

16TR. Mason, Scots and Britons: Scottish Political Thought and the Union of 160316T (1994)

16TR. Mason, Kingship and the Commonweal: Political Thought in Renaissance

and Reformation Scotland16T (1998) R. Mason, ‘Scotland, Elizabethan England and the Idea of Britain’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 14 (2004) J. Wormald, ‘James VI and I: two kings or one?’, History, 68 (1983) J. Wormald, ‘O Brave New World? The Union of England and Scotland in

1603’, in T.C. Smout (ed.), Anglo-Scottish Relations from 1603-1900 (2005) 2015

- The 1707 Parliamentary Union 2014 | S.J. Brown & C. Whatley (eds), The Union of 1707: New Dimensions (2008) – - also available as Scottish Historical Review, 87 (2008) E. Cruickshanks and J. Black, The Jacobite Challenge (1988) E. Cruickshanks, Ideology and Conspiracy. Aspects of , 1689-1759 (1982) Course Document

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W. Ferguson, ‘The Making of the of 1707’, Scottish Historical Review, 43 (1964) W. Ferguson, Scotland’s Relations with England (1977) A.I. Macinnes, Union and Empire: The Making of the in 1707 (2007) M.G.H. Pittock, Jacobitism (1998) T.I. Rae (ed.), The Union of 1707: its impact on Scotland (1974) A. Raffe, ‘Episcopalian Polemic, the London printing press and Anglo-Scottish divergence in the 1690s’, Journal of Scottish Historical Studies, 26 (2006) P.W.J. Riley, The Union of England & Scotland: a study in Anglo-Scottish politics of the 18th century (1979) J. Robertson (ed.), A Union for Empire: Political Thought and the Union of 1707 (1995) T.C. Smout, ‘Union of the Parliaments’ in Gordon Menzies (ed.), Who are the Scots? (1971) T.C. Smout, Scottish Trade on the Eve of Union, 1660-1707 (1963) J. Stephen, Scottish Presbyterians and the Act of Union, 1707 (2007) D. Szechi, The Jacobites: Britain and Europe, 1688-1788 (1994) D. Watt, The Price of Scotland: Darien, Union and (2007) C. Whatley, ‘Economic Causes and Consequences of the Union of 1707: A Survey’, Scottish Historical Review, 68 (1989) C. Whatley with D. Patrick, The Scots and the Union (2006) C. Whatley, ‘Taking Stock: Scotland at the end of the Seventeenth Century’, in T.C. Smout (ed.), Anglo-Scottish Relations from 1603-1900 (2005) C. Whatley, Bought and Sold for English Gold? Explaining the Union of 1707 (1994) J.R. Young, ‘The Parliamentary Incorporating Union of 1707: Political Management, Anti-Unionism and Foreign Policy’, in T.M. Devine & J.R. Young (eds), Eighteenth Century Scotland: New Perspectives (1999)

Tutorial 6: Urbanisation and Industrialisation This session features an exercise based on analysis of the Old & New Statistical

Accounts, available on the Library Website at: 31TUhttp://edina.ac.uk/stat-acc-

scot/U31T

This exercise involves identifying a parish in Scotland within a large town or 2015 - city and comparing and contrasting its development between the 1790s and the 1830s using the Old and New Statistical Accounts. Some of the following 2014 |

- ideas should inform the exercise:

When was the first phase of Scotland’s , and what were its major industries? Which parts of Scotland experienced the most rapid and extensive

Course Document urbanisation, when and why?

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Analyse the role of human mobility, both emigration and migration, in the process of Scottish industrialisation. In what ways did industrialisation generate new forms of Scottish national, regional social and gender identities? Did industrialisation have a beneficial or detrimental effect on Scottish society?

R.D. Anderson, Education and Opportunity in Victorian Scotland (1983) J. Butt, ‘The Scottish industry during the Industrial Revolution’ in L. Cullen and T.C. Smout (eds), Comparative Aspects of Scottish and Irish Economic and Social History (1977) J. Butt, ‘Housing’ in R.A. Cage (ed.), The Working Class in , 1750-1914 (1987) R.A. Cage, The Scottish Poor Law, 1745-1845 (1981) R.H. Campbell, The Rise and Fall of Scottish Industry (1980) E. Chadwick, A Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Classes (1842) S. & O. Checkland, Industry and Ethos. Scotland, 1832-1914 (1989) M.A. Crowther, ‘Poverty, Health and Welfare’ in W.H. Fraser and R.J. Morris (eds), People and Society in Scotland, vol. 2, 1830-1914 (1990) A.L. Drummond & J. Bulloch The Church in Late Victorian Scotland, 1874-1900 (1978) M. Fry, Patronage and Principle: a political history of Modern Scotland (1987) T.M. Devine, ‘Urbanisation’ in T.M. Devine and R. Mitchison (eds), People and Society in Scotland, vol. 2, 1760-1820 (1988) T.M. Devine, Irish Immigrants and Scottish Society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (1991) W.H. Fraser and C.H. Lee (eds), Aberdeen 1800-2000: A New History (2000) E. Gordon, ‘Women’s Spheres’ in W.H. Fraser and R.J. Morris (eds), People and Society in Scotland vol. 2, 1830-1914 (1990) E. Gordon and E. Breitenbach (eds), The World is ill divided: women’s work in Scotland in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (1990)

16TW. Knox, The Lives of Scottish Women: Women and Scottish Society 1800-

1980 16T(2006) C.H. Lee, ‘Economic Progress: Wealth and Poverty’, in T.M. Devine, C.H. Lee

and G.C. Peden (eds), The Transformation of Scotland: the economy since 2015

- 1700 (2005) I. Levitt and T.C. Smout, The State of the Scottish Working Class in 1843 (1979) 2014 |

- J. McCaffrey, Scotland in the Nineteenth Century (1998) J.M. Mackenzie, ‘“The Second City of the Empire”: Glasgow - Imperial Municipality’ in F. Driver & D. Gilbert (eds), Imperial Cities: Landscape, Display and Identity (2003) I. Maver, Glasgow (2000) Course Document

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R.J. Morris, ‘Urbanisation and Scotland’ in W.H. Fraser & R.J. Morris (eds), People and Society in Scotland, vol. 2, 1830-1914 (1990) G. Morton, Unionist-Nationalism: governing urban Scotland, 1830-1860 (1999) A. Slaven, The development of the west of Scotland, 1750-1960 (1975) J.H. Treble, Urban Poverty in Britain (1979) C. Whatley, The Industrial Revolution in Scotland (1977)

Tutorial 7: The World Wars How did the Great War impact upon industrial relations, gender, social hierarchies and the population’s understanding of the role of government and the state? To what extent did Scotland win the Great War but lose the peace and, if so, how did this paradox affect the country’s politics, society, regions and culture? Compare and contrast the political, economic, social and cultural impacts of the Second World War on Scotland with that of the earlier conflict.

R. Anthony, Herds and Hinds: Farm Labour in Scotland, 1900-1939 (1996) J. Butt, ‘Working-class housing in Scottish cities 1900-1950’, in G. Gordon & B. Dicks (eds), Scottish Urban History (1983) N. Buxton, ‘Economic growth in Scotland between the wars: the role of production structure and rationalisation’, Economic History Review, 2nd series, 33 (1980) R.H. Campbell, The rise and fall of Scottish industry (1980) R. Dargie, Scotland in World War II (1997) T.M. Devine & R.J. Finlay (eds), Scotland in the Twentieth Century (Edinburgh, 1996) various chapters A. Dickson & J.H. Treble (eds), People and Society in Scotland, vol. 3: 1914- 1990 (1992) R.J. Finlay, Independent and Free: and the origins of the , 1918-1945 (1994) R. Finlay, Modern Scotland, 1914-2000 (2004) J. Foster, ‘Strike action and working class politics on Clydeside 1916-1919’, International Review of Social History, 35 (1990) J. Foster, ‘Red Clyde, Red Scotland’, in I. Donnachie and C. Whatley, (eds), The Manufacture of Scottish History (1992).

D. Glen, Hugh Macdiarmid (Christopher Murray Grieve) and the Scottish 2015

- Renaissance (1964) M. Harper, Emigration from Scotland between the wars (1998) 2014 |

- C. Harvie, No Gods and Precious few Heroes: Twentieth Century Scotland (1998)

16TW. Knox, Scottish Labour Leaders, 1918-193916T (Edinburgh, 1984) L. Leneman, Fit For Heroes? Land settlement in Scotland after (1989) Course Document

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I. Levitt (ed.), The Scottish Office: Depression and Reconstruction, 1919-59 (1996) C.M.M. Macdonald & E.W. McFarland (eds), Scotland the Great War (1999) M. McCulloch (ed.), and Nationalism: literature and society in Scotland, 1918-1939 (2004) N. Macdougall (ed.), Scotland and War, AD79-1918 (1991) I. McLean, The Legend of Red Clydeside (1982) J. Melling, Rent Strikes (1983) M. Moss and J.R. Hume, Workshop of the British Empire: engineering and shipbuilding in the west of Scotland (1997) P.L. Payne, Growth and Contraction: Scottish Industry, c. 1860-1990 (1992) R. Rodger (ed.), Scottish Housing in the Twentieth Century (1988) T. Royle, The : Scotland and the First World War (2006) J.J. Smyth, Labour in Glasgow 1896-1936 (2000) E. M. Spiers, et al. (eds), A Military History of Scotland (2012) G Walker & T Gallagher (eds), Sermons and Battle Hymns: protestant popular culture in modern Scotland (1990) T. Wilson, The Downfall of the Liberal Party, 1914-1935 (1968) S. Wood, Scotland and the Second World War (1997) Scottish Film Council, The Home Front in Scotland during the Second World War [video recording] (1986)

Tutorial 8: De-industrialisation and Devolution Account for the rapid nature of Scotland’s de-industrialisation from the 1960s to 1990s, and explain how the process affected the nation’s political, economic, social and regional make-up. Assess the impact upon Scottish society, culture and identities of the Conservative governments from 1979-97. Compare and contrast the outcomes of the 1979 and 1997 referenda. How can Scotland’s relationship with the British Union and the EU between the 1970s and 1990s be best summarised?

C. Beveridge & R. Turnball, The Eclipse of Scottish Culture (1989) J.M. Bochel, D.T. Denver & A. Macartney (eds), The Referendum Experience (1989)

S. Bruce, No Pope of Rome: militant Protestantism in Modern Scotland (1986) 2015

- C. Craig, The Scots’ crisis of confidence (2003) T.M. Devine, (ed.), Scotland's Shame?: Bigotry and Sectarianism in Modern 2014 |

- Scotland (2000) H Drucker & G. Brown, The Politics of Nationalism and Devolution (1980) C. Brown, The Death of Christian Britain: understanding secularisation 1800– 2000 (2001) P. Catterall, W. Kaiser and U. Walton-Jordan, Reforming the Constitution: th

P P Course Document debates in 20 -Century Britain (2000)

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P. Clarke, Hope and Glory: Britain 1900-1990 (1996) D. Denver, J. Mitchelll, C. Pattie & H Bochel, Scotland Decides: the Devolution Issue and the Scottish Referendum (2000) O.D. Edwards (ed.), A Claim of Right for Scotland (1989) M. Glendinning, Rebuilding Scotland: The Post-War Vision, 1945-1975 (1997) H.T. Dickinson & M. Lynch (eds) The Challenge to Westminster: sovereignty, devolution and independence (2000) R. English & M. Kenny (eds), Rethinking British Decline (2000) R Finlay, A Partnership for Good? Scottish Politics and the Union since 1880 (1995) H.J. Hanham, ‘The Creation of the Scottish Office, 1881-7’, The Juridical Review, 10 (1965) C. Harvie & S. Maxwell, ‘Scottish Nationalism and Oil’ in T.C. Smout (ed.), Scotland and the Sea (1992) C. Harvie, Fool’s Gold: the Story of (1994) I.C.G. Hutchison, Scottish Politics in the Twentieth Century (2000) C.H. Lee, ‘Modern economic growth and structural change in Scotland: the service sector reconsidered’, Scottish Economic and Social History, 3 (1983) C. Lythe & M. Majmudor, The Renaissance of the Scottish Economy (1982) J. Kellas, The Scottish Political System (1989 edition)

W. Knox, 16T Industrial Nation: Work, Culture and Society in Scotland, 1800-

Present16T (1995) D. McCrone, Understanding Scotland: the sociology of a Stateless Nation (2001) N.G. MacKenzie, “Chucking buns across the fence?’ Government-sponsored

industry development in the , 1945-1982’, 16TBusiness and

Economic History Online16T, 4 (2006) A. Marr, A History of Modern Britain (2007) T. Nairn, The Break-Up of Britain: crisis and neo-nationalism (1977) L. Paterson, Scottish Education in the Twentieth Century (2003) L. Paterson, A Diverse Assembly: the debate on a (1998)

J. Phillips, 16T‘Oceanspan16T: Deindustrialisation and Devolution in Scotland, c.

1960-1974’, 16TScottish Historical Review16T, 84, (2005) T.C. Smout, Exploring Environmental History: Selected Essays (2011)

GENERAL READING 2015 - There is no set text for this course. However, there are several single-volume 2014 |

- histories of Scotland that offer scholarly coverage of the time period, the issues and historical debates covered in this class. See:

R.A. Houston & W. Knox. (eds), New Penguin History of Scotland (2002) M. Lynch, Scotland: A New History (1992)

Course Document J. Wormald (ed.), Scotland: A History (2005)

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For the medieval period, the following works provide a good introduction:

G.W.S. Barrow, Kingship and Unity: Scotland 1000-1306 (1981) A. Grant, Independence and Nationhood: Scotland 1306-1469 (1985)

For the later medieval period and the early modern centuries, the following works offer important ideas and debates:

K.M. Brown, Kingdom or Province? Scotland and the Regal Union, 1603-1715 (1992) E.P. Dennison, D. Ditchburn and M. Lynch (eds), Aberdeen before 1800: a new history (2002) J. Wormald,, Court, Kirk and Community: Scotland 1469-1625 (1981) C.A. Whatley, Scottish Society, 1707-1830 (2000)

For the modern era see:

E.A. Cameron, Impaled Upon a Thistle: Scotland since 1880 (2010) T.M. Devine, The Scottish Nation, 1700-2000 (1999) R.J. Finlay, Modern Scotland 1914-2000 (2004) W. Fraser and C.H. Lee (eds), Aberdeen 1800-2000: a new history (2000) C.M.M. Macdonald, Whaur Extremes Meet: Scotland’s Twentieth Century (2009) T.C. Smout, A Century of the , 1830-1950 (1986)

ASSESSMENT Assessment is based on one: • two-hour examination at 50% of the final assessment; • assessed essay at 40% of the final assessment; • meaningful tutorial participation at 10% of the final assessment (‘meaningful participation’ requires the delivery of a presentation AND the production of one brief source report)

Resit: 1 two-hour written examination (100%) 2015 - NB: Failure to complete the presentation and/or the source report will result 2014 |

- in a mark of no greater than F1 for tutorial participation.

Tutorial Participation & Presentations (10%): It is assumed that students will attend and participate in all tutorials. Tutorial assessment will be based on such participation. Students will be awarded a Course Document

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Common Grading Scale (CGS) mark for the number of tutorials in which they make a useful contribution and the quality of their presentations, as laid out in the following table:

Useful participation Letter Number Quality of presentation (number of tutorials) 1 Excellent 8 A 3 Good 5 Weak 1 Excellent 7 B 2 Good 3 Weak 1 Excellent 6 C 2 Good 3 Weak 1 Excellent 5 D 2 Good 3 Weak 1 Excellent 4 E 2 Good 3 Weak 1 Excellent 2 or 3 F 2 Good 3 Weak 1 Excellent 0 or 1 G 2 Good 3 Weak

If students are prevented from attending a tutorial, but have a good cause, lack of contribution for the relevant week will not be penalised. So, if useful participation is made in seven tutorials but one is missed through illness a grade of ‘A’ will still be awarded. Failure to attend tutorials without good cause, however, may lead to loss of the class certificate for the course.

Class Presentation. Details of the required presentation will be arranged in the

2015 tutorials, but generally the hallmarks of a good presentation are similar to - those of a good essay. Each presentation should last no more than 10 minutes, 2014 |

and should be accompanied by visual support in the form of a handout and/or a - powerpoint presentation.

Non-Assessed Report. In addition, all students will undertake a non-assessed source report. This should take the form of a critical discussion of the historical value of either of the two different types of source noted below. Course Document

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This exercise is intended to develop students’ skills in assessing and utilisaing primary source materials. The report should discuss ONE of the following:

• St Machar Cathedral: students can attend a visit to St Machar Cathedral, probably in week 6 (the precise date to be confirmed in due course) and write a 500-word report based on analysis of the building’s heraldic roof, the report to be submitted by 12 noon on the Thursday of week 8 (12 March) OR: • Statistical Account of Scotland in order to familiarise students with primary documents, a 500-word report on a parish from the Old or New Statistical Account can be submitted by 12 noon on the Thursday of week 8 (12 March). [NB: this report should not relate to the parish used in Tutorial 6: Urbanisation and Industrialisation.]

31TUClick to view the University Level Descriptors (ANNEX A).U31T

31TUClick to view the University Assessment Scale Band Descriptors (ANNEX B).U31T

ESSAYS (40%) The essays should be approximately 2,500 words in length, including quotations and foot- or endnotes. Students should note that they will be penalised for work which is either too long or too short. NB: Essay questions will be available online from the end of Week 1.

Formal written and oral requirements: It is expected that essays will be submitted in word-processed format. They must be accompanied by a bibliography and foot- or endnotes conforming to established academic conventions (see below). Essays will be returned with a mark taken from the Common Assessment Scale, with written comments. All essays will be returned individually, providing you with the opportunity to discuss your essay, techniques of essay writing, and other aspects of the course with your tutor. See Departmental Guidelines (and below) for information on extensions and the late submission of work.

Due to pressure on reading material, each essay question will be capped, a

limited number of students being allowed to tackle each question. Topics will be assigned on a ‘first come’, ‘first served’ basis. The main criteria for 2015 - assessing the quality of your work are:

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- • a critical, questioning approach. Did this really happen as the source states? Are interpretations given by historians acceptable? • degree of own contribution (composition and thinking) as opposed to reproduction; Course Document

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• clarity of argument, use of historical evidence, and appropriate organisation; • degree and clarity of how question is addressed and answered, and put into general context; • choice of literature; • appropriate use of specialist historical vocabulary, concepts etc.; • language and style

Essays have to have appropriate references (footnotes or endnotes) and a separate bibliography. Up to three marks will be deducted for failure to include references and/or bibliography (also see ‘plagiarism’). Submission date: by 12 NOON ON MONDAY 30 MARCH (Week 11). Essays will be returned to you individually, with comments, at a private meeting with your tutor.

GUIDE FOR REFERENCING Please refer to the History Department’s coursework referencing guide, available on MyAberdeen, for guidelines on how to present references and bibliography correctly in your essay, as well as other useful essay-writing tips.

ASSESSMENT DEADLINES Non-assessed report: 12 noon on Thursday, 12 March (week 8) Assessed essay: 12 noon on Monday, 30 March (week 11)

SUBMISSION ARRANGEMENTS

The Department requires UTWOU hard and UONEU electronic copy of all assignments, as follows:

UHard CopiesU: Two hard copies together with an Assessment cover sheet, typed and double spaced – this copy should have your ID number CLEARLY written on the cover sheet, with NO name and NO signature but EVERYTHING ELSE filled

in – and should be delivered to the History Department 2015 -

[UDrop-off boxes located in CB008, 50-52 College 2014 |

U - Bounds].

UElectronic CopyU: One copy submitted through Turnitin via 31TUMyAberdeenU31T. Course Document

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EXAMINATION (50%) The examination will take place in the April/May diet and will last for TWO hours. Three questions out of a choice of twelve have to be answered, and the examination will cover all areas of the course. In particular, the general themes and ideas discussed in the lectures and in the tutorials will be covered. You will have the opportunity not only to demonstrate knowledge about a range of historical topics, but also the fundamental skills of a historian, viz. critical analytical assessment. Examinations will be marked accordingly: although we cannot as historians argue without knowledge, it is the argument, backed up by evidence that counts.

Past exam papers can be viewed at 31TUhttp://www.abdn.ac.uk/library/learning-

and-teaching/for-students/exam-papers/U31T.

2015 - 2014 |

- Course Document

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