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New Europe College ûWHIDQ2GREOHMD Program Yearbook 2016-2017 Program Yearbook 2016-2017 Program Yearbook ûWHIDQ2GREOHMD 1>4B551389B9 ADRIAN GOR 41>1<5H1>4BE9<95 NEW EUROPE COLLEGE NEW EUROPE MARIA IROD CLAUDIU OANCEA MIRCEA-LUCIAN SCROB TUDOR GHERASIM SMIRNA ADELA TOPLEAN ISSN 1584-0298 RADU TUDORANCEA CRIS New Europe College Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2016-2017 Editor: Irina Vainovski-Mihai This volume was published within the Human Resources Program – PN II, implemented with the support of the Ministry of National Education - The Executive Agency for Higher Education and Research Funding (MEN – UEFISCDI), project code PN–II– RU–BSO-2016 EDITORIAL BOARD Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Andrei PLEŞU, President of the New Europe Foundation, Professor of Philosophy of Religion, Bucharest; former Minister of Culture and former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania Dr. Valentina SANDU-DEDIU, Rector, Professor of Musicology, National University of Music, Bucharest Dr. Anca OROVEANU, Academic Coordinator, Professor of Art History, National University of Arts, Bucharest Dr. Irina VAINOVSKI-MIHAI, Publications Coordinator, Professor of Arab Studies, “Dimitrie Cantemir” Christian University, Bucharest Copyright – New Europe College ISSN 1584-0298 New Europe College Str. Plantelor 21 023971 Bucharest Romania www.nec.ro; e-mail: [email protected] Tel. (+4) 021.307.99.10, Fax (+4) 021. 327.07.74 New Europe College Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2016-2017 ANDREEA CHIRIŢĂ ADRIAN GOR DAN-ALEXANDRU ILIEŞ MARIA IROD CLAUDIU OANCEA MIRCEA-LUCIAN SCROB TUDOR GHERASIM SMIRNA ADELA TOPLEAN RADU TUDORANCEA CONTENTS NEW EUROPE FOUNDATION NEW EUROPE COLLEGE 7 ANDREEA CHIRIŢĂ STAGING LU XUN IN CONTEMPORAY CHINESE THEATRE THE AESTHETICS OF MORALITY IN RETHINKING VERSIONS OF REALITY ON THE EXPERIMENTAL STAGE 21 ADRIAN GOR RETHINKING THE ICONIC IN THE AGE OF SCREEN TECHNOLOGIES A BYZANTINE HIEROTOPIC PERSPECTIVE ON SEEING IMAGES AS PRESENCE 49 DAN-ALEXANDRU ILIEŞ ACCÉDER À LA FELICITÉ QUELQUES REMARQUES PRÉLIMINAIRES SUR LES PENSÉES POLITIQUES DE FARABI ET DE MAÏMONIDE 75 MARIA IROD KIRCHENKRITIK IN ZEITEN DER RHETORIK DES POPULISMUS EINE DISKURSANALYTISCHE ANNÄHERUNG AN HANS KÜNG 129 CLAUDIU OANCEA POPULAR MUSIC AND OFFICIAL CULTURE IN 1980s SOCIALIST ROMANIA 163 MIRCEA-LUCIAN SCROB DEVELOPMENTS IN FOOD CONSUMPTION IN SOCIALIST ROMANIA DURING THE 1960s AND 1970s: IMPLICATIONS FOR A REEVALUATION OF CONSUMERS’ EXPERIENCES UNDER SOCIALISM 197 TUDOR GHERASIM SMIRNA ROMANIAN ECHOES OF THE CURRENCY VERSUS BANKING DEBATE – FROM UNIFICATION TO THE CREATION OF THE NATIONAL BANK 235 ADELA TOPLEAN THE IMPACT OF SECULARIZATION AND SPIRITUALIZATION ON DEATH MEANINGS AND PRACTICES, AMONG CONTEMPORARY ROMANIANS 273 RADU TUDORANCEA POPULATION MOVEMENTS, DISPLACEMENT AND REFUGE DURING WORLD WAR I IN ROMANIA (1916-1918) 307 NEW EUROPE FOUNDATION NEW EUROPE COLLEGE Institute for Advanced Study New Europe College (NEC) is an independent Romanian institute for advanced study in the humanities and social sciences founded in 1994 by Professor Andrei Pleşu (philosopher, art historian, writer, Romanian Minister of Culture, 1990–1991, Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1997-1999) within the framework of the New Europe Foundation, established in 1994 as a private foundation subject to Romanian law. Its impetus was the New Europe Prize for Higher Education and Research, awarded in 1993 to Professor Pleşu by a group of six institutes for advanced study (the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, the National Humanities Center, Research Triangle Park, the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in Humanities and Social Sciences, Wassenaar, the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences, Uppsala, and the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin). Since 1994, the NEC community of fellows and alumni has enlarged to over 600 members. In 1998 New Europe College was awarded the prestigious Hannah Arendt Prize for its achievements in setting new standards in research and higher education. New Europe College is officially recognized by the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research as an institutional structure for postgraduate studies in the humanities and social sciences, at the level of advanced studies. Focused primarily on individual research at an advanced level, NEC offers to young Romanian scholars and academics in the fields of humanities and social sciences, and to the foreign scholars invited as fellows appropriate working conditions, and provides an institutional framework with strong international links, acting as a stimulating environment for interdisciplinary 7 N.E.C. Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2016-2017 dialogue and critical debates. The academic programs NEC coordinates, and the events it organizes aim at strengthening research in the humanities and social sciences and at promoting contacts between Romanian scholars and their peers worldwide. Academic programs currently organized and coordinated by NEC: • NEC Fellowships (since 1994) Each year, up to ten NEC Fellowships open both to Romanian and international outstanding young scholars in the humanities and social sciences are publicly announced. The Fellows are chosen by the NEC international Academic Advisory Board for the duration of one academic year, or one term. They gather for weekly seminars to discuss the progress of their research, and participate in all the scientific events organized by NEC. The Fellows receive a monthly stipend, and are given the opportunity of a research trip abroad, at a university or research institute of their choice. At the end of their stay, the Fellows submit papers representing the results of their research, to be published in the New Europe College Yearbooks. • Ştefan Odobleja Fellowships (since October 2008) The fellowships given in this program are supported by the National Council of Scientific Research, and are meant to complement and enlarge the core fellowship program. The definition of these fellowships, targeting young Romanian researchers, is identical with those in the NEC Program, in which the Odobleja Fellowships are integrated. • The Europe next to Europe Fellowship Program (since October 2013) This program, sponsored by the Riksbankens Jubileumsfond (Sweden), invites young researchers from European countries that are not yet members of the European Union, or which have a less consolidated position within it, targeting in particular the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Macedonia, Serbia), Turkey, Cyprus, for a stay of one or two terms at the New Europe College, during which they will have the opportunity to work on projects of their choice. 8 NEW EUROPE COLLEGE • The Pontica Magna Fellowship Program (since October 2015) This Fellowship Program, sponsored by the VolkswagenStiftung (Germany), invites young researchers, media professionals, writers and artists from the countries around the Black Sea, but also beyond it (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine), for a stay of one or two terms at the New Europe College, during which they will have the opportunity to work on projects of their choice. The program welcomes a wide variety of disciplines in the fields of humanities and social sciences. Besides hosting a number of Fellows, the College will organize within this program workshops and symposia on topics relevant to the history, present, and prospects of this region. • The GERDA HENKEL Fellowships Program (starting March 2016) This Fellowship Program, developed with the support of Gerda Henkel Stiftung (Germany), invites young researchers / academics working in the fields of humanities and social sciences from following countries: Afghanistan, Belarus, China (only Tibet and Xinjiang Autonomous Regions), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan, for a stay of one or two terms at the New Europe College, during which they will have the opportunity to work on projects of their choice. Other fellowship programs organized since the founding of New Europe College: • RELINK Fellowships (1996–2002) The RELINK Program targeted highly qualified young Romanian scholars returning from studies or research stays abroad. Ten RELINK Fellows were selected each year through an open competition; in order to facilitate their reintegration in the local scholarly milieu and to improve their working conditions, a support lasting three years was offered, consisting of: funds for acquiring scholarly literature, an annual allowance enabling the recipients to make a one–month research trip to a foreign institute of their choice in order to sustain existing scholarly contacts and forge new ones, and the use of a laptop computer and printer. Besides their individual research projects, the RELINK fellows of the last series were also required to organize outreach actives involving their universities, for which they received a monthly stipend. NEC 9 N.E.C. Ştefan Odobleja Program Yearbook 2016-2017 published several volumes comprising individual or group research works of the RELINK Fellows. • The NEC–LINK Program (2003 - 2009) Drawing on the experience of its NEC and RELINK Programs in connecting with the Romanian academic milieu, NEC initiated in 2003, with support from HESP, a program that aimed to contribute more consistently to the advancement of higher education in major Romanian academic centers (Bucharest, Cluj–Napoca, Iaşi, Timişoara). Teams consisting of two academics from different
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    Şcoala Diplomatică Romană

    ALEXANDRU N. LAHOVARI. DIPLOMATUL ŞI OMUL POLITIC LIVIU BRĂTESCU Provenit dintr-o familie cu o situaţie materială deosebită, Alexandru N. Lahovari avea să beneficieze încă din primii ani de viaţă de o educaţie aparte. El se încadra în felul acesta în tiparul generaţiei sale, pentru care educaţia era, până la intrarea efectivă în arena politică, pe primul loc. Viziunea pe care Lahovari o avea asupra societăţii româneşti contribuia la integrarea lui încă de la primele acţiuni politice la care a luat parte, în familia ideologică conservatoare. Agitaţia, care a cuprins viaţa politică românească după 1866 şi dorinţa multor lideri politici de a recurge la reforme radicale pentru reducerea diferenţei dintre noul stat de la Nordul Dunării şi statele apusene, nu au contribuit la pierderea „cumpătului” celui care avea să se remarce în întreaga sa activitate în primul rând prin diplomaţie. Bun observator al scenei politice româneşti şi jucând nu de puţine ori rolul de arbitru în cadrul grupărilor conservatoare, Lahovari a reuşit, prin luările sale de poziţie, să devină apreciat de oameni politici din tot spectrul politic românesc. Abordările atente, dar şi tranşante, pe care le-a avut cu privire la subiecte ce ţineau de politica externă l-au transformat, treptat, într-o adevărată autoritate a acestui domeniu. Toate aceste elemente au contribuit la conturarea unui portret de om politic conectat la problemele societăţii româneşti, pentru care cuvântul de ordine a fost mai degrabă echilibrul decât partizanatul politic. Pentru el, politica externă a presupus o anumită dăruire în favoarea intereselor reale ale statului român şi din acest motiv nu a ezitat, în condiţiile unui climat internaţional agitat, să facă apel la adversarii săi politici, pentru a nu duce nemulţumirile politice interne în plan extern.
  • Politics and Education During Charles I

    Politics and Education During Charles I

    Annals of the „Constantin Brâncuși” University of Târgu Jiu, Letter and Social Science Series, Supplement 2/2016 POLITICS AND EDUCATION DURING CHARLES I Iulian PÎNIŞOARĂ ABSTRACT: This study does not aim to analize the evolution of educational system in Romania late XIX-th century and early XX-th century, instead the study aims to examine the way in which the political elite was formed intellectually speaking. My personal point of view, puts it that the period I mentioned above is the only when the colocation ”political elite” can be properly used. KEYWORDS: prime minister, Catargiu, politics, government, king, Charles, university, law school. În urmă cu peste o sută de ani, membrii elitei intelectuale erau participanţi activi în viaţa politică, aceştia considerând prezenţa lor în spaţiul public drept o datorie faţă de restul populaţiei ţării. Titu Maiorescu, Nicolae Ionescu, Spiru Haret, Constantin Dissescu, Vasile Alecsandri, Nicolae Iorga, Duiliu Zamfirescu, Barbu Ştefănescu-Delavrancea, sunt doar câteva dintre personalităţile care au deţinut unele dintre cele mai importante funcţii în politica românească1. În afara acestor, să zicem, intelectuali de carieră, majoritatea oamenilor politici de la noi aveau studii universitare atestate de diplome emise de cele mai prestigioase universităţi ale Europei. Chiar dacă, aparent, studiile superioare erau o condiţie sine-qua-nonă pentru accederea la cele mai înalte demnităţi ale ţării, legislaţia electorală din acea vreme nu impunea decât condiţii minimale pentru dobândirea şi exercitarea drepturilor politice (erau excluşi doar cei care nu plăteau nici un fel de impozit precum şi analfabeţii), aproape toţi oamenii politici de mai mare sau mai mica anvergură aveau studii universitare.