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Social Science CHRIST KING HR. SECONDARY SCHOOL CLASS 4 SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE CHAPTER 2 THE BRITISH RULE A. Fill in the blanks 1. 1757 2. Hyder Ali 3. Subsidiary 4. The Marathas 5. Bengal B. Answer the following in sentence: 1. Which were the dominating powers in the Deccan? =The dominating powers in the Deccan were the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad and Hyder Ali of Mysore. 2. Who was the Governor-General during the second Mysore war? =Warren Hastings. 3. Who was the Governor-General during the third Mysore war? =Lord Cornwallis. 4. Which European power was helping Tipu Sultan? =French. 5. Name the capital city of Mysore? =Seringapatnam. 6. Who was the Governor-General during the fourth Maratha War? =Lord Hastings. 7. Name the Indian states in which Plassey and Buxar are situated? =Plassey in West Bengal and Buxar in Uttar Pradesh. 8. What is the historical importance of the battle of Plassey? =It laid the foundation of the English rule in India. 9. What is the historical importance of the battle of Buxar? =Battle of Buxar in the year 1764 marked the advent of British rule of Bengal. 10. Who was appointed Nawab of Bengal after Mir Jaffar? =Mir Qasim. C. Answer the following questions briefly: 1. When was the battle of Plassey fought? =The battle of Plassey was fought in 1757. 2. Name the parties involved in the battle of Plassey? =The parties involved in the battle of Plassey was the east India company under Robert Clive and Siraj-ud- Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal. 3. Who was made the Nawab of Bengal after the battle of Plassey? =Mir Jaffar was made the Nawab of Bengal after the battle of Plassey. 4. Name the parties involved in the battle of Buxar? =The battle was fought between Mir Qasim Shah Alam and Siraj-ud-Daulah on the one side and the British on the other. 5. Name the treaty which was signed by Shah Alam and Siraj-ud-Daulah after the battle of Buxar? =The treaty which was signed by Shah Alam and Siraj-ud-Daulah after the battle of Buxar was the treaty of Allahabad. 6. What was the dual system of the government? =The dual government system was the English had the power, but no responsibility, while the Nawab had the responsibility, but no power of resource. 7. Name the Governor-General who introduces the dual system in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa? =The Governor-General who introduces the dual system in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was Robert Clive. 8. Name the three independent powers of Deccan. =The three independent powers of Deccan were the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad and Hyder Ali of Mysore. 9. Who was Hyder Ali? =Hyder Ali was the commander-in-chief of Raja Krishna of Mysore. 10. Who was Tipu Sultan? =Tipu Sultan was the son of Hyder Ali. 11. Name any two Maratha powers. =Two Maratha powers are – Peshwas and the Scindias. 12. Name the parties involved in the treaty of Salbai. =The parties involved in the treaty of Salbai are Madhavji Scindias and the English. 13. Name the treaty which was signed between Governor-General Warren Hastings and Tipu Sultan, after the end of the second Mysore war. =The treaty which was signed between Governor-General Warren Hastings and Tipu Sultan, after the end of the second Mysore war is the treaty of Mangalore. 14. What was the basic cause of the third Anglo-Mysore war? =Both the English and the Tipu Sultan were hostiles to each other and wanted to get rid of each other. Tipu Sultan wanted to expel the English out of India. This was the basic cause of the third Anglo-Mysore war. D. Answer the following questions in detail 1. Why was Siraj-ud-Daula so easily defeated by the company in the battle of Plassey? =Siraj-ud-Daula was so easily defeated by the company in the battle of plassey for the following reasons: A. The presence of black sheep and traitors in the Nawab’s households, whom the English exploited for their gain. B. No efforts were made by the Nawab to strengthen the French against the English. C. Mir Jaffer, the commander-in-chief of Siraj-ud-Daula was not dismissed, even though conspiracy by him against the Nawab was proved. D. Jagat Seth who was the banker of the Nawab, did not support him during the war. 2. What were the causes of the battle of Plassey? Write any two. =The causes of the battle of plassey were:- a. The English feared an attack from the French, so they began to fortify Calcutta. Therefore Siraj-ud- Daulah ordered them to stop fortification. The English refuse to comply with it. b. On 20th June 1756, the Nawab of Bengal captured Fort William. When the news of the English defeat at Calcutta reached Madras, Clive, Supported by a fleet, was sent to recapture Calcutta. 3. Write a note comparing the battle of Plassey and Buxar. = The Battle of Plassey was fought between the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah and the English in A.D. 1757. The English fortified Calcutta, the Nawab thought that it was an attack on his sovereignty. On 20th June 1756, the Nawab of Bengal captured Fort William. When this news reached Madras, Clive, supported by a fleet was sent to recapture Calcutta. Consequently the war started between them on 23rd June 1757 on the fields of Plassey. The battle of Buxar was a significant event in the rise of British rule in India. The battle was fought between Mir Qasim, Shah Alam and Shuja-ud-Daulah on one side and the British on the other. 4. Write a note on the dual system of Government. =Lord Clive established a dual system of Government. Under it, the same person acted as the Deputy Diwan on behalf of the company, and the Deputy Subedar on behalf of the Nawab. Here the English had the power, but no responsibility, while the Nawab had the responsibility, but no power or resources. CHAPTER 3 LIFE IN THE RURAL AREAS A. Write true or false 1. True 2. False 3. True 4. False B. Give short answers for the following question 1. What was the situation in the villages before the advent of the British? =Before the advent of the British the villages were self-sufficient units. Most of the things that the villages needed were produced in the village itself. 2. Why did the English east India Company need money? Why did the system of giving the revenue collection rights to the highest bidder fail? =the company needed money to purchase goods in India and export them to run the administration to maintain an army, and to fund the numerous war that they fought, both in India and abroad. 3. Why did the peasants borrow money from the moneylenders? =To pay the revenue, the peasants were often forced to borrow money from the moneylenders. 4. Why did Britain need indigo? What caused Britain to encourage its cultivation in India? =Britain needed indigo to dye cloth. Britain encourages its cultivation in India because the climate of England was not suitable for growing indigo. C. Give long answer for the following questions 1. What were the main features of the permanent settlement? =The main features of the permanent settlement are:- a. The revenue to be collected from n area was fixed permanently with no scope of a revision later. b. The local Zamindar was asked to collect the revenue from the peasants. Every year, he had to pay the fixed amount by a certain date. But if he could not pay the stipulated amount, he could lose his Zamindari rights. 2. How was the Mahalwari system different from the Ryotwari system? =The Mahalwari system was different from the Ryotwari system for the following reasons:- The Mahalwari system a. Mahalwari system was introduced in 1883 by Warren Hastings. b. It was introduced in the western Uttar Pradesh, parts of Madhya Pradesh and Punjab. c. The task of collecting the revenue and paying it to the company was given to the headman of each Mahal. The Ryotwari system a. On the other hand, the Ryotwari was devised by Thomas Munro. b. It was introduced in the parts of the Madras and Bombay presidencies. c. The company made a revenue settlement directly with the ‘reyot’ or peasants. 3. Discuss the impact of land revenue settlements on the peasants. =The impact of land revenue settlement on the peasants are the following: a. Impoverished the peasants. b. Land now became a saleable commodity which could be bought, sold on mortgaged. c. This had a deep impact on rural life and economy. d. The new revenue collection system created class of Zamindars, who were completely indifferent to the welfare of the farmers. 5. Excess production of cash crops actually led to a situation where the formers had money with them and yet they could not buy food grains. Why did such a situation arise? =The nineteenth century saw an increase in the cultivation of commercial or cash crops such as indigo, jute, oil seeds, sugarcane, tea, coffee and cotton. The officials of the company forced the peasants to sow cash crops in their fields. In course of time, however, this practise resulted in a decline in the production of food supply. So even though the farmers had money with them, yet they could not buy food grains. CHAPTER 4 THE GREAT UPRISING A. Give short answer for the following questions 1. What were the social causes of the revolt in 1857? =The social causes of the revolt of 1857 were the banning of ‘sati’ and legalizing widow remarriage and women were encouraged for western education.
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