Top 200 Questions of History
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Uhm Phd 9519439 R.Pdf
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality or the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely. event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. MI48106·1346 USA 313!761-47oo 800:521-0600 Order Number 9519439 Discourses ofcultural identity in divided Bengal Dhar, Subrata Shankar, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, 1994 U·M·I 300N. ZeebRd. AnnArbor,MI48106 DISCOURSES OF CULTURAL IDENTITY IN DIVIDED BENGAL A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE DECEMBER 1994 By Subrata S. -
Chronicles of Rajputana: the Valour, Sacrifices and Uprightness of Rajputs
Quest Journals Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science Volume 9 ~ Issue 8 (2021)pp: 15-39 ISSN(Online):2321-9467 www.questjournals.org Research Paper Chronicles of Rajputana: the Valour, Sacrifices and uprightness of Rajputs Suman Lakhani ABSTRACT Many famous kings and emperors have ruled over Rajasthan. Rajasthan has seen the grandeur of the Rajputs, the gallantry of the Mughals, and the extravagance of Jat monarchs. None the less history of Rajasthan has been shaped and molded to fit one typical school of thought but it holds deep secrets and amazing stories of splendors of the past wrapped in various shades of mysteries stories. This paper is an attempt to try and unearth the mysteries of the land of princes. KEYWORDS: Rajput, Sesodias,Rajputana, Clans, Rana, Arabs, Akbar, Maratha Received 18 July, 2021; Revised: 01 August, 2021; Accepted 03 August, 2021 © The author(s) 2021. Published with open access at www.questjournals.org Chronicles of Rajputana: The Valour, Sacrifices and uprightness of Rajputs We are at a fork in the road in India that we have traveled for the past 150 years; and if we are to make true divination of the goal, whether on the right hand or the left, where our searching arrows are winged, nothing could be more useful to us than a close study of the character and history of those who have held supreme power over the country before us, - the waifs.(Sarkar: 1960) Only the Rajputs are discussed in this paper, which is based on Miss Gabrielle Festing's "From the Land of the Princes" and Colonel James Tod's "Annals of Rajasthan." Miss Festing's book does for Rajasthan's impassioned national traditions and dynastic records what Charles Kingsley and the Rev. -
Download Social Science Our Pasts
There was a time when historians were fascinated with dates. There were heated debates about the dates on which rulers were crowned or battles were fought. In the common-sense notion, history was synonymous with dates. You may have heard people say, “I find history boring because it is all about memorising dates.” Is such a conception true? History is certainly about changes that occur over time. It is about finding out how things were in the past and how things have changed. As soon as we compare the past with the present we refer to time, we talk of “before” and “after”. Living in the world we do not always ask historical questions about what we see around us. We take things for granted, as if what we see has always been in the world we inhabit. But most of us have our moments of wonder, when we are curious, and we ask questions that actually are historical. Watching Fig. 1 – Brahmans offering the someone sip a cup of tea at a roadside tea stall you Shastras to Britannia, frontispiece to the first map produced by may wonder – when did people begin to drink tea or James Rennel, 1782 coffee? Looking out of the window of a train you may Rennel was asked by Robert ask yourself – when were railways built and how did Clive to produce maps of people travel long distances before the age of railways? Hindustan. An enthusiastic Reading the newspaper in the morning you may be supporter of British conquest of curious to know how people got to hear about things India, Rennel saw preparation of maps as essential to the before newspapers began to be printed. -
The East India Company HIST 0369 Ian Barrow Middlebury
The East India Company HIST 0369 Ian Barrow Middlebury Spring Term 2012 SDL 203, MW 8:40-9:55 Ian Barrow Axinn 339; ibarrow; x2554 Office Hours: M: 10:00-1:00; W: 10:00-11:00 The East India Company In this seminar you will be introduced to the English East India Company, from the 17th-century until its dissolution in 1858. Much of our focus will be on the Company’s presence in India, and we will pay particular attention to its transformation from a maritime trading company into a territorial colonial state. We will read a number of controversial texts from the period, immerse ourselves in the worlds of Company and Indian politics, and do guided research using holdings in Middlebury’s Special Collections. Topics will include the rise of the Company as a trading concern, its aggressive competition with other European trading monopolies and South Asian kingdoms, and the importance of opium in its dealings with China. We will end with a discussion of the Indian rebellion of 1857. Books for Purchase Douglas M. Peers, India under Colonial Rule, 1700-1885, Pearson Longman, 2006, 058231738X William Dalrymple, White Mughals: Love and betrayal in eighteenth century India, Penguin, 0-14-200412-X Other readings on e-reserve: password is 1399ib http://eres.middlebury.edu/eres/coursepage.aspx?cid=1972 Assessment Four essays, each 25% of grade: Essay 1, due Wednesday 29th February. Essay 2, due Wednesday 14th March. Essay 3, due Wednesday 11th April. Essay 4, due Wednesday 9th May. Essays must be 3 single-spaced pages, except the 4th which must be 4 single-spaced pages. -
CC-12:HISTORY of INDIA(1750S-1857) II.EXPANSION and CONSOLIDATION of COLONIAL POWER
CC-12:HISTORY OF INDIA(1750s-1857) II.EXPANSION AND CONSOLIDATION OF COLONIAL POWER: (A) MERCANTILISM,FOREIGN TRADE AND EARLY FORMS OF EXTRACTION FROM BENGAL The coming of the Europeans to the Indian subcontinent was an event of great significance as it ultimately led to revolutionary changes in its destiny in the future. Europe’s interest in India goes back to the ancient times when lucrative trade was carried on between India and Europe. India was rich in terms of spices, textile and other oriental products which had huge demand in the large consumer markets in the west. Since the ancient time till the medieval period, spices formed an important part of European trade with India. Pepper, ginger, chillies, cinnamon and cloves were carried to Europe where they fetched high prices. Indian silk, fine Muslin and Indian cotton too were much in demand among rich European families. Pearls and other precious stone also found high demand among the European elites. Trade was conducted both by sea and by land. While the sea routes opened from the ports of the western coast of India and went westward through the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea to Alexandria and Constantinople, Indian trade goods found their way across the Mediterranean to the commercials hubs of Venice and Genoa, from where they were then dispersed throughout the main cities of Europe. The old trading routes between the east and the west came under Turkish control after the Ottoman conquest of Asia Minor and the capture of Constantinople in1453.The merchants of Venice and Genoa monopolised the trade between Europe and Asia and refused to let the new nation states of Western Europe, particularly Spain and Portugal, have any share in the trade through these old routes. -
DU MA Social Work
DU MA Social Work Topic:‐ SW MA S2 1) Who among the following wrote 'Social Contract'? [Question ID = 7528] 1. Voltaire [Option ID = 30106] 2. Gorky [Option ID = 30107] 3. Adam Smith [Option ID = 30108] 4. Rousseau [Option ID = 30109] Correct Answer :‐ Rousseau [Option ID = 30109] 2) A place where there is constant intermingling of salt water and fresh water is called [Question ID = 7529] 1. Estuary [Option ID = 30110] 2. Delta [Option ID = 30111] 3. Lagoon [Option ID = 30112] 4. Gulf [Option ID = 30113] Correct Answer :‐ Estuary [Option ID = 30110] 3) Identify the correct chronological order of the following epidemics: [Question ID = 7530] 1. Corona‐‐ Asian flu‐‐ Spanish flu‐‐ Swine flu [Option ID = 30114] 2. Spanish flu ‐‐ Swine flu‐‐ Asian flu‐‐ Corona [Option ID = 30115] 3. Spanish flu‐‐ Asian flu ‐‐ Swine flu ‐‐ Corona [Option ID = 30116] 4. Swine flu‐‐ Asian flu‐‐ Spanish flu‐‐ Corona [Option ID = 30117] Correct Answer :‐ Spanish flu‐‐ Asian flu ‐‐ Swine flu ‐‐ Corona [Option ID = 30116] 4) Which of the following is India’s highest sports award given for spectacular and most outstanding performance in the field of sports? [Question ID = 7531] 1. Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award [Option ID = 30118] 2. Arjuna Award [Option ID = 30119] 3. Dronacharya Award [Option ID = 30120] 4. Dhyan Chand Award [Option ID = 30121] Correct Answer :‐ Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award [Option ID = 30118] 5) When Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated, who said, "None will believe that a man like this body and soul ever walked on this earth" [Question ID = 7532] 1. Leo Tolstoy [Option ID = 30122] 2. Martin Luther King [Option ID = 30123] 3. -
Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power
Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Subject: History Unit: Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Lesson: Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Lesson Developer : Prof. Lakshmi Subramanian College/Department : Professor, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Kolkata Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Table of contents Chapter 2: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power • 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power • Summary • Exercises • Glossary • Further readings Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Introduction The second half of the 18th century saw the formal induction of the English East India Company as a power in the Indian political system. The battle of Plassey (1757) followed by that of Buxar (1764) gave the Company access to the revenues of the subas of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and a subsequent edge in the contest for paramountcy in Hindustan. Control over revenues resulted in a gradual shift in the orientation of the Company’s agenda – from commerce to land revenue – with important consequences. This chapter will trace the development of the Company’s rise to power in Bengal, the articulation of commercial policies in the context of Mercantilism that developed as an informing ideology in Europe and that found limited application in India by some of the Company’s officials. This found expression until the 1750’s in the form of trade privileges, differential customs payments and fortifications of Company settlements all of which combined to produce an alternative nucleus of power within the late Mughal set up. -
Mughal Period: Akbar
MUGHAL PERIOD: AKBAR (1556 -1605 CE) Mughal Shield This magnificent shield belongs to Emperor Akbar. It bears the inscription ‘Buland Ikbal Shahanshah Akbar Year A.H. 1002’. The decorations on the shield run in three circular bands around the sun in the centre .The outer band around the centre has a bold meandering pattern. The next band has representations of the twelve Zodiac signs. The name of each sign is mentioned in the oval panel next to it. This shield is only one of its kind and displayed in Chhatrapati Shivaji Vastu Sanghralaya, Mumbai. Jalal – ud- din Akbar, also known as Akbar ‘The Great’ was the third Mughal emperor after Babur and Humayun. Akbar was 13 years old when he ascended the throne. At that time Delhi was the capital which he later shifted to Fatehpur Sikri. Akbar proclaimed the throne in the midst of a war against Sikander Shah of the Sur dynasty. Akbar was a commander of the stature who built the largest army in the history of the Mughal Empire. The Mughal army resembled a city on the move. TWO FAMOUS BATTLES FOUGHT BY AKBAR 1. Second Battle of Panipat 2. Battle of Haldighati Battle of Panipat During his early reign Akbar fought the battle of Panipat to reclaim his capital when he had been away to subdue the forces of Sher Shah‟s dynasty who were the biggest threats at that time. Akbar defeated Sikander Shah Suri easily but when he was away, Hemu defeated the Mughal forces in Delhi. Akbar‟s army met Hemu‟s forces in Panipat and hence started the second battle of Panipat between Akbar and Hemu. -
Lord William Bentinck Period – July 1828 to March 1835
NOTES BY VAIJAYANT BANERJEE Lord William Bentinck period – July 1828 to March 1835 The governor generalship of Lord William Bentinck, from July 1828 to March 1835 was an important period in Indian Legal History. He introduced a number of innovations and initiated new policies in the sphere of judicature. In a minute dated 2nd October 1815 Lord Hastings had suggested the establishment of a separate Sadar Adalat for the Western Territory. There were two reasons for this – To get justice people have to travel 1000 miles many times to reach the Sadar Adalat. Because of this Poor people did not get opportunity to file appeals or get justice. 2nd Reason was Delay in getting justice. Although no changes could be made under Hastings, Lord Bentinck decided to work on this idea and establish another Sadar Adalat. So Lord Bentinck again forcefully argued for this cause. This time Lord Bentinck succeeded. Governor General Bentinck’s government established through Regulation VI of 1831, Sadar Diwani Adalat and Sadar Nizamat Adalat at Allahabad from January 1, 1832. The Jurisdiction of the Adalat was to extend over Banaras Province, Districts of Meerut, Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar and Bulandshahar. Bentinck Brought Changes in Criminal Judicature of 1793 which Lord Cornwallis established. Bentinck realized that people were not getting speedy justice. He realised that the Criminal Judicature of 1793 needed a total reorganisation. Bentinck said that “these courts had become the resting place for those members of the service who were deemed unfit for higher responsibilities.” JUDICIAL REFORMS OF LORD BENTINCK . Abolition of circuit courts. Power of sadr ameens, district and city judges increased. -
The Black Hole of Empire
Th e Black Hole of Empire Th e Black Hole of Empire History of a Global Practice of Power Partha Chatterjee Princeton University Press Princeton and Oxford Copyright © 2012 by Princeton University Press Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be sent to Permissions, Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chatterjee, Partha, 1947- Th e black hole of empire : history of a global practice of power / Partha Chatterjee. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-15200-4 (hardcover : alk. paper)— ISBN 978-0-691-15201-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Bengal (India)—Colonization—History—18th century. 2. Black Hole Incident, Calcutta, India, 1756. 3. East India Company—History—18th century. 4. Imperialism—History. 5. Europe—Colonies—History. I. Title. DS465.C53 2011 954'.14029—dc23 2011028355 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available Th is book has been composed in Adobe Caslon Pro Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the amazing surgeons and physicians who have kept me alive and working This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Illustrations ix Preface xi Chapter One Outrage in Calcutta 1 Th e Travels of a Monument—Old Fort William—A New Nawab—Th e Fall -
Chapter Vi the Occupants of Government House
CHAPTER VI THE OCCUPANTS OF GOVERNMENT HOUSE Before giving a list of the occupants of Government House since it was first erected it would be desirable to set out briefly the various changes there have been in the ruler ship of Bengal and India since the beginning of British power. The oldest British Settlement in India is that of Fort St. George, Madras, the next being Bombay. The first British factories in Bengal were established in 1633 and from that date to 1700 the Bengal establishment was subordinate to Madras except for a period of two years between 1682 and 1684 when William Hodges was appointed independent Governor of Bengal. Bengal was made a Presidency in 1699 and the period of permanent independent Governors of Bengal started in 1700, the first being Job Charnock’s son-in-law. Sir Charles Eyre and the title that was held till 1774 was President in the Bay and Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Fort William in Bengal for the United East India Company. From 1699 therefore there were three Presidencies Madras, Bombay and Bengal, each of which, governed by a President or Governor with a Council, was entirely independent of the others and subordinate only to the Directors in London. The Trend of events happened to make Bengal, though the most junior in creation, the most important of the three politically, and by Lord North’s Regulating Act of 1773 the Governor of Fort William was given control over the other two Presidencies, his supremacy being indicated by a change of title to Governor General of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal. -
Life Story of Maharana Pratap August 2017 Savior of Liberty and Self-Respect
Life Story of Maharana Pratap August 2017 Savior of Liberty and self-respect, ‘Hindua Suraj’ - Maharana Pratap ‘Shesha naag sir sehas paye, dhar rakhi khud aap, Ik bhala ri nok pai, thay dhabi partap!’ – Ram Singh Solanki Meaning: Shesh –the remainder, that which remains when all else cease to exist. Naag - Serpent. Shesha Naag is said to hold the planets of the universe on his hoods. He has to use his thousand hoods to protect and stabilize the unstable earth. But, Oh Pratap! You stabilized and protected the entire motherland, solely on the tip of your spear. Where the Snake God held the Earth on its thousands of heads; there, Oh! Brave Maharana Pratap, you have not only held your land on the tip of your spear but also used the strength of your spears to protect it. Maharana Pratap was the hundred and fourth heir of the great Sun dynasty ‘Suryavansh’. The Kings of erstwhile India were divided into two dynastic categories namely ‘Suryavanshi’ and ‘Chandravanshi’ based on the Sun and Moon Gods respectively. Mythological texts and manuscripts also refer to these two dynasties in which the ‘Suryavanshi’ Kings hold greater significance. This ‘Suryavansh’ dynasty was later known as ‘Rughavansh’ dynasty tracing its ancestry to ‘Surya’ the Sun God. The incarnation of Lord Rama, destroyer of the malevolent demon Ravana also occurred in the ‘Suryavanshi’ dynasty and it is believed that the Kingdom of Mewar originated from Luv, the elder son of Rama. This dynastic tradition continued with the birth of the popular King Guhaditya/Guhil in 568 CE and the dynasty was thus referred to as ‘Guhilvansh’/’Guhilot’ with ‘Rawal’ as its title.