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The Indian War of Independence”: the First
FOR DISCUSSION ONLY. V.D.SAVARKAR’S “ THE INDIAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE”: THE FIRST NATIONALIST RECONSTRUCTION OF REVOLT OF 1857. Bhagwan Josh Centre for Historical Studies J.N.U. New Delhi. In India, History invariably evokes political passions in the public domain. One of the reasons for this is that the popular conception of history in the mass imagination continues to be an act of recognition and celebration of the spirit of selfless service, bravery and sacrifice on the part of individuals, families, castes, communities and political parties. History writing is considered as an important mode of appropriating, accumulating and constantly renewing “the cultural capital”, the durable stuff that goes into the making of contemporary political discourses in India. Savarkar’s “The Indian War of Independence” was an important book written in this tradition. In March, 2003, when a portrait of the Hindutva Hero Veer Savarkar in Parliament’s Central Hall was unveiled, the public opinion was sharply polarised between those who sang his praises and others who denounced him for his role in the Indian national movement and Gandhi murder. For his followers, Veer Savarkar(1883-1966) continues to be a figure of great reverence despite the fact that he was included as a co-conspirator in the assassination of Gandhi.: a patriot, prolific writer, historian, motivator, and above all an individual with a revolutionary faith in the motherland. The book was written originally in Marathi, in 1908, when Savarkar was about twenty-five years of age and was living in London. The English translation of the book was printed in Holland and a large number of copies were smuggled into India. -
Chap 2 PF.Indd
Credit: Shankar I ts chptr… The challenge of nation-building, covered in the last chapter, was This famous sketch accompanied by the challenge of instituting democratic politics. Thus, by Shankar appeared electoral competition among political parties began immediately after on the cover of his collection Don’t Spare Independence. In this chapter, we look at the first decade of electoral Me, Shankar. The politics in order to understand original sketch was • the establishment of a system of free and fair elections; drawn in the context of India’s China policy. But • the domination of the Congress party in the years immediately this cartoon captures after Independence; and the dual role of the Congress during the era • the emergence of opposition parties and their policies. of one-party dominance. 2021–22 chapter 2 era of one-party dominance Challenge of building democracy You now have an idea of the difficult circumstances in which independent India was born. You have read about the serious challenge of nation-building that confronted the country right in the beginning. Faced with such serious challenges, leaders in many other countries of the world decided that their country could not afford to have democracy. They said that national unity was their first priority and that democracy will introduce differences and conflicts. In India,…. Therefore many of the countries that gained freedom from colonialism …hero-worship, plays a part “ experienced non-democratic rule. It took various forms: nominal in its politics unequalled democracy but effective control by one leader, one party rule or direct in magnitude by the part army rule. -
Uhm Phd 9519439 R.Pdf
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality or the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely. event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. MI48106·1346 USA 313!761-47oo 800:521-0600 Order Number 9519439 Discourses ofcultural identity in divided Bengal Dhar, Subrata Shankar, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, 1994 U·M·I 300N. ZeebRd. AnnArbor,MI48106 DISCOURSES OF CULTURAL IDENTITY IN DIVIDED BENGAL A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE DECEMBER 1994 By Subrata S. -
Top 200 Questions of History
Top 200 Questions of History Top 200 Questions of History 1. Twenty Point Programme was launched in 1975 by – Indira Gandhi 2. The famous Quit India Resolution was passed on? August 8, 1942 3. Which university can be considered as an epitome of education in the Gupta Dynasty? Nalanda University 4. During the Mughal period, which trader was the first to come to India? Portuguese 5. Akbar’s guardian teacher was – Bairam Khan 6. International boundary between India and Pakistan is demarcated by – Radcliffe Line 7. The Dal Khalsa was founded by? Kapur Singh 8. The Governor-General was given the power to issue ordinances by the act of? Indian Councils Act ,1861 9. The High Commissioner for India in the United Kingdom must be appointed by __________? The Government of India 10. As per Act of 1919 the lower house of the Central Legislature was known as __________? Legislative Assembly 11. Who had become the first Governor-General of India after independence? Lord Mountbatten 12. What was the type of marriage in the Vedic period in which, in place of the dowry, there was a token bride price of a cow and a bull? Arsa Top 200 Questions of History 13. Who was the Greek ambassador in the court of Chandragupta Maurya? Megasthanes 14. Who constructed the 84 thousands Stupa? Ashoka 15. Jahangir (1605–1627 AD) was the ruler of which dynasty? Mughal 16. Who pioneered the guerrilla warfare methods? Shivaji 17. UNESCO Cultural World Heritage site Humayun Tomb’s construction completed in – 1572 AD 18. In Akbar's regime, _____ was the military head. -
Download Social Science Our Pasts
There was a time when historians were fascinated with dates. There were heated debates about the dates on which rulers were crowned or battles were fought. In the common-sense notion, history was synonymous with dates. You may have heard people say, “I find history boring because it is all about memorising dates.” Is such a conception true? History is certainly about changes that occur over time. It is about finding out how things were in the past and how things have changed. As soon as we compare the past with the present we refer to time, we talk of “before” and “after”. Living in the world we do not always ask historical questions about what we see around us. We take things for granted, as if what we see has always been in the world we inhabit. But most of us have our moments of wonder, when we are curious, and we ask questions that actually are historical. Watching Fig. 1 – Brahmans offering the someone sip a cup of tea at a roadside tea stall you Shastras to Britannia, frontispiece to the first map produced by may wonder – when did people begin to drink tea or James Rennel, 1782 coffee? Looking out of the window of a train you may Rennel was asked by Robert ask yourself – when were railways built and how did Clive to produce maps of people travel long distances before the age of railways? Hindustan. An enthusiastic Reading the newspaper in the morning you may be supporter of British conquest of curious to know how people got to hear about things India, Rennel saw preparation of maps as essential to the before newspapers began to be printed. -
CC-12:HISTORY of INDIA(1750S-1857) II.EXPANSION and CONSOLIDATION of COLONIAL POWER
CC-12:HISTORY OF INDIA(1750s-1857) II.EXPANSION AND CONSOLIDATION OF COLONIAL POWER: (A) MERCANTILISM,FOREIGN TRADE AND EARLY FORMS OF EXTRACTION FROM BENGAL The coming of the Europeans to the Indian subcontinent was an event of great significance as it ultimately led to revolutionary changes in its destiny in the future. Europe’s interest in India goes back to the ancient times when lucrative trade was carried on between India and Europe. India was rich in terms of spices, textile and other oriental products which had huge demand in the large consumer markets in the west. Since the ancient time till the medieval period, spices formed an important part of European trade with India. Pepper, ginger, chillies, cinnamon and cloves were carried to Europe where they fetched high prices. Indian silk, fine Muslin and Indian cotton too were much in demand among rich European families. Pearls and other precious stone also found high demand among the European elites. Trade was conducted both by sea and by land. While the sea routes opened from the ports of the western coast of India and went westward through the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea to Alexandria and Constantinople, Indian trade goods found their way across the Mediterranean to the commercials hubs of Venice and Genoa, from where they were then dispersed throughout the main cities of Europe. The old trading routes between the east and the west came under Turkish control after the Ottoman conquest of Asia Minor and the capture of Constantinople in1453.The merchants of Venice and Genoa monopolised the trade between Europe and Asia and refused to let the new nation states of Western Europe, particularly Spain and Portugal, have any share in the trade through these old routes. -
CDT. Kewal Vinod Rathod REGIMENT NO.:- MH/20/SD
NAME:- CDT. Kewal vinod rathod REGIMENT NO.:- MH/20/SD/A616064 3 MAH BN MUMBAI A GROUP KES SHROFF COLLEGE QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT The quit India movement Was a movement launched at Bombay session of the All India committee by mahatma gandhi on 8th August 1942. The movement is also known as August movement / Bharat chodo andolan . This movement was started during world war 2 to end the British rule in India . The movement was begun on August 9, 1942, and from that point forward the day is commended as August Kranti Day/Diwas. Mumbai’s gowalia tank maidan also called as August kantri maidan where mhatma gandhi conveyed his speech denoting the start of the Quit India Movement. Mahatma alongside different pioneers accumulated here on August 8 and 9, 1942. The maidan also houses a landmark as a tribute to the recorded occasion. In the speech mhatma gandhi said that it’s time for do or die for the country. After the speech all the Indian National Congress memebers were arrested by British army without any trial to slow down the movement. The main pioneer of the movement like mhatma gandhi , Abdul kalam azad ,Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel were also arrested Thee people attacked the railway station, police stations and law courts as they were the symbols of the British Government. People even started their independent government in some places such as Ballia, Tamluk, Dharwar, Satara, Talcher, Balasore. These places were freed from British rules. The movement was most widespread in Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Bombay, Andhra Pradesh. -
Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power
Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Subject: History Unit: Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Lesson: Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Lesson Developer : Prof. Lakshmi Subramanian College/Department : Professor, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Kolkata Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Table of contents Chapter 2: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power • 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power • Summary • Exercises • Glossary • Further readings Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Introduction The second half of the 18th century saw the formal induction of the English East India Company as a power in the Indian political system. The battle of Plassey (1757) followed by that of Buxar (1764) gave the Company access to the revenues of the subas of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and a subsequent edge in the contest for paramountcy in Hindustan. Control over revenues resulted in a gradual shift in the orientation of the Company’s agenda – from commerce to land revenue – with important consequences. This chapter will trace the development of the Company’s rise to power in Bengal, the articulation of commercial policies in the context of Mercantilism that developed as an informing ideology in Europe and that found limited application in India by some of the Company’s officials. This found expression until the 1750’s in the form of trade privileges, differential customs payments and fortifications of Company settlements all of which combined to produce an alternative nucleus of power within the late Mughal set up. -
Early Revolts Against British Rule in Tamil Nadu Unit
Unit - 6 Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu Learning Objectives To acquaint ourselves with Palayakkarar system and the revolts of Palayakkarars against the British Velunachiyar, Puli Thevar, Kattabomman and Marudhu Brothers in the anti-British uprisings Vellore Revolt as a response to British pacification of south India Introduction Palayakkarars (Poligar is how the British After defeating the French and their referred to them) Indian allies in the three Carnatic Wars, the in Tamil refers to East India Company began to consolidate the holder of a little and extend its power and influence. However, kingdom as a feudatory local kings and feudal chieftains resisted this. to a greater sovereign. The first resistance to East India Company’s Under this system, territorial aggrandisement was from Puli palayam was given Thevar of Nerkattumseval in the Tirunelveli for valuable military Viswanatha Nayaka region. This was followed by other chieftains services rendered by any individual. in the Tamil country such as Velunachiyar, This type of Palayakkarars system was in Veerapandiya Kattabomman, the Marudhu practice during the rule of Prataba Rudhra brothers, and Dheeran Chinnamalai. Known of Warangal in the Kakatiya kingdom. as the Palayakkarars Wars, the culmination The system was put in place in Tamilnadu of which was Vellore Revolt of 1806, this by Viswanatha Nayaka, when he became early resistance to British rule in Tamilnadu the Nayak ruler of Madurai in 1529, with is dealt with in this lesson. the support of his minister Ariyanathar. Resistance of Traditionally there were supposed to be 72 Palayakkarars. 6.1 Regional Powers The Palayakkarars were free to collect against the British revenue, administer the territory, settle disputes and maintain law and order. -
The Black Hole of Empire
Th e Black Hole of Empire Th e Black Hole of Empire History of a Global Practice of Power Partha Chatterjee Princeton University Press Princeton and Oxford Copyright © 2012 by Princeton University Press Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be sent to Permissions, Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chatterjee, Partha, 1947- Th e black hole of empire : history of a global practice of power / Partha Chatterjee. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-15200-4 (hardcover : alk. paper)— ISBN 978-0-691-15201-1 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Bengal (India)—Colonization—History—18th century. 2. Black Hole Incident, Calcutta, India, 1756. 3. East India Company—History—18th century. 4. Imperialism—History. 5. Europe—Colonies—History. I. Title. DS465.C53 2011 954'.14029—dc23 2011028355 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available Th is book has been composed in Adobe Caslon Pro Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the amazing surgeons and physicians who have kept me alive and working This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Illustrations ix Preface xi Chapter One Outrage in Calcutta 1 Th e Travels of a Monument—Old Fort William—A New Nawab—Th e Fall -
Books by Socialist Leaders
BBBooksBooks By andandand About Prominent Indian Socialist Leaders (Compiled by Qurban Ali) Contents ACHARYA NARENDRA DEVA............................................................................................................... 3 JAYPRAKASH NARAYAN ..................................................................................................................... 7 PURSHOTTAM TRICUMDAS ............................................................................................................. 11 Dr. Sampurnanand .......................................................................................................................... 12 RAMMANOHAR LOHIA .................................................................................................................... 15 NARAYAN GANESH (N G) GORAY ..................................................................................................... 18 KAMALADEVI CHATTOPADHYAY ...................................................................................................... 19 SHRIDHAR MAHADEV JOSHI (SM) .................................................................................................... 22 ACHYUT PATWARDHAN ................................................................................................................... 23 YUSUF JAFFAR MEHARALLY ............................................................................................................. 24 ASOKA (ASHOK) MEHTA ................................................................................................................. -
L[Ndlian National Congress 1936· 31
l[ndlian National Congress 1936· 31 I BEING THE RESOLUTIONS PASSED BY THE CONGRESS, THE ALL INDIA CONGRESS COMMITTEE AND THE WORKING COMMITTEE DURING THE PERIOD BETWEE..~ APRIL, 1936 TO JANUARY, 1938 Pl!bli~hed by J. B. Kripalani, General Secretary, All India Congress Committee, Su·.uaj Bhau·an, Allahabad CONTENTS PAGES All India Congress Committee· Meetings .. 1-2.0 \\'orking Committee Meetings •. u-84 Annual Sessions 85-98 Index .. 99-105 / (ALL INDIA CONGRESS COMMITIEE MEETING Bomba)', August 22 tma 23, 1936 \ _I SuMMARY OF Pllocnorncs FIRST DAY'S PROCEEDINGS The following two condolence resolutions were moved from the Chair and passed, all standing. 1. DR. M. A. ANSAIU This Committee records its sense of irreparable loss to ' the national cause by the sudden and premature death of Dr. M. A. Ansari, a dear and nlued comrade, and tenders to the bereaved family its sincere sympathy and condolence. 2. SHRI ABBAS TYABJI The Committee records its heartfelt sorrow over the pssing away of Shri Abbu Tyabji, the Grand Old Man of Gujrat, l:hose services and brave sacrifices endeared him to the nation, and tenders its sincere condolence to Mrs. Tyabji and other members of the family. N. W.F.P. The following resolutions were also moved from the Chair and passed: 1. KH.o\N ABDt:L GHAFF All KHAN "The Committee expresses its indignation at the orden of the Government concerned prohibitin"g Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khln from entering into or remaining in the N. ~7 • F. P. and the Punjab and notes "''ith regret the continuation cf their policy of surrression of civil liberty of individuals eng2ged in national acti\'ities.