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GURPS Age of Napoleon

GURPS Age of Napoleon

GURPS AGE OF STEVE JACKSON GAMES GURPS AGE OF NAPOLEON STEVE JACKSON GAMES d the USA Printed in RINTING ARIES: well P 2003 Thir , AY are required IRST M F , 6539 GURPS y OLUTION campaign. The and DITION UBLISHED E P illiam H. Stoddard BN 1-55634-451-1 IRST Nicholas Cald W S F 9!BMF@JA:RSSTPOoY`Z]ZgZnZ` GURPS Basic Set Edition Compendium I to use this supplement in a GURPS historical information in this book can be used with any game system. SJG02295 Written by Edited b I THE REV s , character GURPS , and about the culture is a comprehensive aterloo, Napoleon Bonaparte aterloo, Napoleon ficers in the French fleet, s foot soldiers, American blockade- history of the years leading up to Napoleon’ history of the years leading A men Ð and Biographies for dozens of leading Plus detailed maps of Europe, , and , Suggestions for campaigns in the Age of Suggestions for campaigns in Chapters about life under Napoleon, both for the Chapters about life under Napoleon, geoisie and for the nobility ¥ ¥ GURPS Age of Napoleon GURPS Age of From his beginnings as a Corsican soldier as a Corsican beginnings From his It was an age when heroes were made, an age ¥ ¥ ¥ ellington’ roleplaying game. rarest of men – one whose life defined the age in – one whose life defined the rarest of men for your Now that age comes alive which he lived. to his final defeat at W to his final defeat was that . . . and a legend. Napoleon built an empire through his rise to power as the of France, to power as the Emperor of through his rise women! Ð of the age, many with women! Ð of the age, many rule, including events in Europe, Asia, and the rule, including events in Europe, American colonies. guide to the life and times of Napoleon Bonaparte. It guide to the life and times of contains: It was the Age of Napoleon. when history was a blank book waiting to be written. during and after the ! W any of the empires. runners, or secret agents for Napoleon. Play of bour literature. of the age Ð music, art, and writeups. TM

Written by Nicholas H. M. Caldwell Additional material by Loren Wiseman Edited by William H. Stoddard Cover based on art by Sir William Quiller Orchardson Page design by Alex Fernandez Cartography by J. Scott Reeves GURPS System Design ● Steve Jackson Managing Editor ● Andrew Hackard GURPS Line Editor ● Sean Punch Project Administrator ● Monique Chapman Art Director ● Loren Wiseman Production Artists ● Alex Fernandez and Kellar Hall Print Buyer ● Monica Stephens GURPS Errata Coordinator ● Andy Vetromile Sales Manager ● Ross Jepson Lead playtester: Stephan Pennington Playtesters: Michele Armellini, James L. Cambias, Hal Carmer, Peter V. Dell’Orto, Thomas Devine, Phil Masters, Nigel McCarty-Eigenmann, Hans Rancke-Madsen, Garrett Roberts, Brian C. Smithson, William H. Stoddard, Walt Whitman

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1-55634-451-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 STEVE JACKSON GAMES CONTENTS THE ...... 24 The Emperor and Trafalgar ...... 24 From Austerlitz to Tilsit...... 25 Interlude: ...... 25 The ...... 26 Map: Europe in 1810...... 26 Interlude: India ...... 27 Interlude: ...... 27 M ap: The ...... 27 Interlude: ...... 28 The Ongoing War at Sea ...... 28 The Retreat from Moscow...... 28 Interlude: The Infant Republic . . . . . 29 Downfall of the Emperor...... 29 Interlude: Colonies in Revolt ...... 30 THE ...... 30 The Defense of Canada ...... 30 What If . . . A Close Run Thing . . . . . 31 Interlude: The . . . . . 31 The ...... 31 Map: Europe After the Congress of ...... 32 THE ...... 32 Escape from ...... 32 Waterloo...... 32 What If . . . Escape from St. Helena. . 33 AFTERMATH...... 34 The New World Order ...... 34 INTRODUCTION ...... 4 Interlude: ...... 18 Death of an Emperor ...... 34 Days ...... 18 About the Author ...... 4 THE REVOLUTIONARY WARS ...... 18 2. PEOPLE ...... 35 About GURPS ...... 4 Defending the Republic...... 18 RULERS ...... 36 Interlude: ...... 19 NAPOLEON BONAPARTE ...... 36 1. HISTORY ...... 5 Interlude: Ireland ...... 19 Catherine the Great ...... 37 The Italian Campaign ...... 19 THE STATE OF THE WORLD ...... 6 George III...... 38 Map: Empires of the World – 1769 Interlude: Austria ...... 20 . . . . . 6 George IV ...... 38 Timeline The Directory...... 21 ...... 7 Louis XVI and ...... 38 Map: The American Colonies in 1775 Interlude: ...... 21 . . 8 Tipu Sultan...... 38 The Conquest of ...... 8 Interlude: England ...... 22 STATESMEN ...... 39 THE AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE . . . 8 First Consul ...... 22 From Marengo to the . 22 Joseph Fouché ...... 39 The American Quarrel ...... 8 Interlude: The West Indies Manuel de Godoy ...... 39 First Blood ...... 9 ...... 23 The Sons of Liberty What If . . . French Victory Lord Frederick North...... 40 ...... 9 at Trafalgar William Pitt the Younger ...... 40 What If . . . A British America...... 10 ...... 23 Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord 41 The Declaration of Independence ...... 10 THE PEACE OF AMIENS ...... 24 Interlude: The Baltic George Washington ...... 42 The Surrender at Saratoga ...... 10 ...... 24 All the World Against Them...... 11 ADMIRALS ...... 43 Enter the French...... 12 Thomas Cochrane ...... 43 Divided Loyalties...... 12 Stephen Decatur...... 43 The Southern Campaigns...... 12 Horatio Nelson...... 44 France Under Louis XVI ...... 13 Sir Sidney Smith ...... 44 Pierre-André Suffren ...... 45 THE FRENCH REVOLUTION ...... 13 Countdown to Revolution ...... 13 GENERALS ...... 46 The Bourgeois Revolution...... 13 Eugène de Beauharnais ...... 46 Map: Paris in the French Revolution . 14 Louis-Nicolas Davout ...... 46 The Popular Revolution...... 14 Colquhoun Grant ...... 47 and ...... 15 Andre Masséna ...... 48 Victims of the Guillotine ...... 15 ...... 48 Let Them Eat Cake ...... 15 ...... 48 A New Constitution ...... 16 Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington . . 49 Death of a King ...... 16 ...... 50 Map: Revolutionary France . 16 Georges-Jacques Danton ...... 50 What If . . . Comte Honoré Gabriel Riqueti Ending the Revolution ...... 17 de Mirabeau ...... 50 Days of Terror ...... 17 ...... 50 2 CONTENTS Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès ...... 51 4. MILITARY LIFE...... 69 Theobald Wolfe Tone...... 51 OTHER EMINENT PERSONAGES...... 51 SAILORS ...... 70 ...... 51 Pressed Men and Volunteers ...... 70 Life at Sea ...... 72 Jacques-Louis David ...... 52 A ll the World’s Fleets Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier...... 52 ...... 73 Abstract Naval Battles...... 74 ...... 53 The Real Enemy...... 75 Jean-Jacques Rousseau ...... 53 Prisoners and Parole...... 75 Germaine de Staël ...... 54 SOLDIERS...... 76 Templates from GURPS Warriors . . 100 NAPOLEON’S SIBLINGS ...... 54 Types of Soldiers ...... 76 ...... 54 New Advantage ...... 102 Officers and Gentlemen...... 77 Women in the Era ...... 103 ...... 54 The Imperial Guard...... 78 The Blue Devils Elisa Bonaparte ...... 55 ...... 104 Daily Life...... 78 New Skill ...... 105 ...... 55 Distinctive British Forces ...... 79 LANGUAGES ...... 105 ...... 55 The Purchase System...... 79 Caroline Bonaparte ...... 55 Flogging Rules ...... 80 ECONOMICS, JOBS, AND WEALTH...... 105 Jérôme Bonaparte ...... 55 In Battle ...... 81 Money ...... 105 Napoleon’s Military Success Wealth and Social Status ...... 106 ...... 83 Job Table 3. EVERYDAY LIFE . . . . . 56 All the World’s Armies...... 83 ...... 107 QUIPMENT SPIES ...... 84 E ...... 108 FOOD AND DRINK ...... 57 Weapon Table On His Majesty’s Secret Service ...... 84 ...... 109 CLOTHING ...... 57 The Men from the Ministry...... 85 ENTERTAINMENT ...... 58 7. CAMPAIGNS...... 111 TRAVEL BY LAND ...... 59 5. ARTS AND SCIENCES . . 86 TYPES OF CAMPAIGN ...... 112 TRAVEL BY SEA ...... 59 IN THE SHADOW OF THE EAGLES ...... 112 MONEY AND TRADE...... 60 PHILOSOPHY ...... 87 Mercantilism vs. Free Trade ...... 87 Ad venture Ideas: Army Campaigns3. 11 CRIME AND PUNISHMENT...... 60 and Secret Societies. . . 88 HEARTS OF OAK ...... 114 Slaves and Slavery...... 60 Adventure Ideas: Naval Campaigns THE ARTS ...... 88 114 RELIGION...... 61 Literature ...... 88 PRIVATEERS AND PIRATES...... 115 SOCIAL CLASSES ...... 62 The Theatre ...... 89 The Barbary Pirates ...... 115 Nobility ...... 62 A Night at the Opera ...... 89 Protecting the ...... 116 Duelling ...... 62 Music ...... 90 TRADERS, SLAVERS, AND SMUGGLERS . . . 116 Gentry ...... 63 Visual Arts ...... 90 For King and Company ...... 117 Clergy...... 63 ADVANCES IN SCIENCE ...... 91 THE UNDISCOVERED COUNTRY ...... 118 Townsfolk ...... 63 Scientific Academies and the Unwilling Colonists in Australia ...... 118 A Tale of Two Cities...... 64 Pursuit of Knowledge ...... 91 PIES AND PYMASTERS Peasants ...... 65 S S ...... 118 ADVANCES IN MEDICINE ...... 92 The Affair of the Diamond Necklace 119 LIFE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES ...... 65 Practitioners and Treatments Map: Pre-Revolutionary France ...... 92 POLITICIANS, REBELS, AND . . . . . 65 Vo yages of Exploration ...... 93 Nabobs of the Indies ...... 66 REACTIONARIES ...... 119 ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY ...... 93 A Lost Dauphin LIFE IN REVOLUTIONARY FRANCE ...... 67 and the Great Dechristianization and the ...... 120 Supreme Being 6. CHARACTERS ...... 95 The Honorable Members of Parliament 121 ...... 67 Time Travelers T he Revolutionary Calendar ...... 67 ...... 122 CHARACTER TYPES ...... 96 Scarlet Pimpernels ...... 122 LIFE IN IMPERIAL FRANCE ...... 68 ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, The Grand Tour ...... 123 THE CONSERVATIVE REACTION ...... 68 AND SKILLS ...... 100 PAWNS OF THE SECRET MASTERS ...... 123 OTHER CAMPAIGNS AND CROSSOVERS . . . 124 GURPS Swashbucklers...... 124 Pioneer Campaigns and GURPS Old West ...... 124 Science: GURPS High-Tech, GURPS Steampunk, GURPS Steam-Tech, and GURPS Vehicles ...... 124 GURPS Horror, GURPS Undead, and GURPS Voodoo ...... 125 GURPS Screampunk ...... 125 GURPS Goblins ...... 125 GURPS Castle Falkenstein...... 125 GURPS Space ...... 125 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 126

INDEX ...... 128

CONTENTS 3 INTRODUCTION Welcome to the Age of Napoleon. It is an age of conflict, of revolution, and of war. In Amer- ica, a rebellion will liberate the New World from the control of GURPS the Old World. In France, the middle classes and the mob will ABOUT Steve Jackson Games is committed to full support challenge the power and privileges of the aristocracy and the GURPS monarchy, overthrowing both. And in the maelstrom of vio- of the system. Our address is SJ Games, Box lence, Napoleon Bonaparte, an obscure artillery officer from 18957, Austin, TX 78760. Please include a self- Corsica, will both save and destroy the French Revolution, addressed, stamped envelope (SASE) any time you crowning himself Emperor. write us! Resources include: Pyramid (www.sjgames.com/pyramid/). Our Napoleon’s dreams of empire – in Europe, in India, and in GURPS the Americas – will engulf the entire world in war. online magazine includes new rules and arti- cles. It also covers Dungeons and Dragons, Traveller, Into this crucible of revolution and war will be swept aris- World of Darkness, Call of Cthulhu, tocrat and commoner alike. Politicians seek high office, power, and many more and an opportunity to enrich themselves. Merchants, slavers, top games – and other Steve Jackson Games releases like In Nomine, Illuminati, Car Wars, Toon, Ogre and smugglers profit from trading ventures, legal and other- Miniatures, Pyramid wise. Explorers and scientists expand the bounds of what is and more. subscribers also have access to playtest files online! known. Rebels and revolutionaries plot to oust corrupt govern- New supplements and adventures. GURPS ments. Royalists rescue aristocrats from the guillotine and seek con- to restore the old order. Informers and spies at every level of tinues to grow, and we’ll be happy to let you know society report to their masters, while secret police agents seek what’s new. For a current catalog, send us a legal-sized to infiltrate and unmask the intriguers. Soldiers and sailors or 9”×12” SASE – please use two stamps! – or just visit www.war ehouse23.com. fight for ideals and glory in battles whose fame endures to the Errata. present day, and their generals and admirals decide the fate of Everyone makes mistakes, including us – but we do our best to fix our errors. Up-to-date errata nations and colonial empires. Behind the scenes, secret soci- GURPS eties are formed to pursue the hidden agendas of their founders. sheets for all releases, including this book, are Welcome to the high adventure of the Age of Napoleon. available on our website – see below. Gamer input. We value your comments, for new products as well as updated printings of existing titles! Internet. Visit us on the World Wide Web at www.sjgames.com for errata, updates, Q&A, and much more. GURPS has its own Usenet group, too: rec.games.frp.gurps. GURPSnet. This e-mail list hosts much of the online discussion of GURPS. To join, e-mail [email protected] with “subscribe GURPSnet-L” in the body, or point your web browser to gurpsnet.sjgames.com. The GURPS Age of Napoleon web page is at www.sjgames.com/gurps/books/napoleon/. Page References Rules and statistics in this book are specifically for the GURPS Basic Set, Third Edition. Any page refer- ence that begins with a B refers to the GURPS Basic Set – e.g., p. B102 means p. 102 of the GURPS Basic About the Author Set, Third Edition. Page references that begin with CI Born in Northern Ireland, Nicholas H. M. Caldwell now indicate GURPS Compendium I. Other references are Compendium II, Steam-Tech, lives and works in Cambridge, England. He has been roleplay- CII for STE for STM Steampunk, Warriors, Who’s ing since he was 12, and was immersed in science fiction, fan- for WAfor and WWi for Who 1. The abbreviation for this book is AON. For a tasy, and historical fiction at an equally early age. He holds a full list of abbreviations, see p. CI181 or the updated B.A. (in computer science) and a Ph.D. (in engineering) from web list at www.sjgames.com/gurps/abbrevs.html. the University of Cambridge. Along with gaming and reading, his current major hobby is editing and managing a gaming magazine (see www.guildcompanion.com). 4 INTRODUCTION In Europe, forces of the Second Coalition of Britain, Russia, Austria, the Ottoman Empire, , and Portugal (created December 1798) were threatening France on many INTERLUDE:SPAIN fronts. Archduke Charles defeated Jourdan and Masséna The reign of Charles III was distinguished by his appointment of a succession of reforming ministers influ- in the Rhineland, Suvorov’s Russians drove the French enced by various strands of Enlightenment thought. Although out of northern Italy, Neapolitan rule was reasserted all were impeded by various traditional privileges, their 0in , and a combined British-Russian army efforts improved colonial administration, increasing revenue invaded Holland. and providing a captive market for Spanish exports. The new colonial governors tripled revenues but were notoriously The French recovery began with Masséna’s triumph ruthless and self-serving. Revolts against royal decrees were over the Russians at Zurich (September 1799), followed by common during the 1780s, though fear of the American his capture of Constance in Germany, preventing Archduke natives limited the rebellions. Charles III was succeeded in 1788 by his son, the weak Charles from crossing the Rhine or assisting the British in Charles IV, who was dominated by his wife. The reforming Holland. The allies withdrew by November and Czar Paul I ministers were discredited by policy failures with regard to left the coalition in disgust. Revolutionary France and replaced in 1792 by Manuel de Godoy, the queen’s favorite and lover. War with France in 1793 led to a French invasion and republican stirrings in Cat- The Directory alonia and the north. Fearing revolution and distrusting Britain, Godoy allied Spain to France in 1796. The resulting Since October 1795, France had been ruled by the isolation from the colonies due to British hostility nearly Directory, a government possessing a weak five-man exec- bankrupted Spain. utive (the Directors) and a bicameral legislature, divided The War of the Oranges – the short joint invasion of Por- tugal with France in 1801 – gained Spain the province of into the 250-strong Council of the Elders who accepted but failed to raise Godoy’s popularity. Spanish or vetoed legislation and the Council of the Five Hundred naval losses at Trafalgar (1805) increased discontent with who proposed legislation. To ensure political continuity with pro-French policies. However, Napoleon’s continued conti- the Convention, two-thirds of the original members were nental successes dissuaded Godoy from leaving the alliance. Godoy’s plan to restore his prestige by dismantling selected from the Convention. Thereafter, partial elections Portugal in concert with France backfired when Napoleon were held annually beginning in April 1797 to replace made demands for Spanish territory and Prince Ferdinand’s one-third of the deputies. Similarly, one Director was annu- partisans staged a coup against Charles IV in 1808. ally chosen by lot and replaced. The Directors were respon- Napoleon installed his brother Joseph as King of Spain. Joseph’s rule was supported by the , who sible for appointing commissioners to oversee all levels of believed that French rule was irresistible and would mod- local government. ernize Spain, but was opposed in the provinces. The provin- Criticism of the regime began almost immediately, with cial juntas organized military resistance to the French. The French easily defeated Spanish regular troops. The libera- vitriolic attacks from “Gracchus Babeuf,” a “professional” tion of Spain was accomplished from 1809 to 1813 by revolutionary promoting communist ideals. The Babeuf British forces under the Duke of Wellington and Spanish conspiracy to overthrow the Directory was uncovered by the guerrillas. secret police in May 1796, with Babeuf being imprisoned Although the juntas issued a constitution in 1812 pro- viding for a limited monarchy and a representative parlia- and executed a year later. ment, conservatives and the army ensured that Ferdinand VII Assisted by British agents such as Wickham in Switzer- returned to Spain as an absolute monarch in 1814. land and French constitutional monarchists, the 1797 elec- tion returned many moderate deputies. A royalist plot came to nothing, but provided an excuse for the Directors’ coup of 18 Fructidor (September 4) to wrest their independence from the Councils and eliminate monarchist deputies. The royalist suppression encouraged a revival. Despite Directorial interference in the 1798 elections, including creating competing electoral assemblies, many Jacobin deputies were elected. However, the Directors, in concert with the existing Council members, selectively annulled unpalatable results in the “coup” of 22 Floréal (May 11). Repression of royalists, refractory clergy, and Jacobins continued. In 1799, more Jacobin deputies were elected, and Sieyès became a Director. Through repression, repudiation of two-thirds of the national debt (owed to prosperous citi- zens), enforcement of the Revolutionary calendar, and mass , the regime had alienated every segment of society. By June, Sieyès replaced the other Directors with his supporters and began to prepare a coup to replace the Spanish Officers (1801) unstable Directory with a more secure government.

HISTORY 21 HMS Partridge and deceiving the French brig Zéphyr as to HE UNDRED AYS his intentions. On March 1, Napoleon and his force landed T H D near Cannes. Royal troops rallied to his cause as Napoleon hastened to Escape from Elba Paris. Sent to capture him, Marshal Ney changed sides. Louis On Elba, Napoleon explored the island and drew up var- XVIII and his court decamped and fled for on March ious plans for its improvement. He was joined by his mother 19. Napoleon entered Paris the next day and the Hundred and his sister Pauline, and temporarily by his Polish mistress, Days began. Marie Waleska, and their illegitimate son, Alexandre. On March 7, the “Great Powers” meeting in Vienna Empress Josephine died in Paris in May. Marie-Louise was learned that Napoleon was free and decreed a new coalition created Duchess of Parma by her father and seduced by Count against him. The Allies placed Wellington in supreme com- Neipperg on Metternich’s orders. Despite Napoleon’s pleas, mand. Wellington left to lead a motley host of British, Dutch, Marie-Louise and his son refused to visit him. Hanoverian, and Brunswicker troops in Belgium, reaching Rumors reached Napoleon that there were plots to relo- Brussels on April 4, where a under Blücher cate him to St. Helena or the and to withdraw his pen- joined them. sion. Then a message from Maret, his former foreign minister, indicated that an uprising against the Bourbons was likely and Waterloo that if Napoleon did not return, the Duc d’Orléans would be The public enthusiasm for Napoleon quickly evaporated its leader. as it became clear that he had nothing new to offer France. Colonel Campbell, British Commissioner for Elba and The army remained supportive. Of his marshals, only Ney, Napoleon’s jailer, sailed for Italy to visit his mistress on Feb- Soult, Mortier, Suchet, and Davout were willing to follow ruary 16, 1815. Ten days later, Napoleon embarked on the Inconstant, him. The others had defected, were ill, or were dead. brig which was disguised as a British On June 12, Napoleon departed Paris to take command of man-of-war. With 1,000 , Polish lancers, the five corps making up the Armée du Nord. Soult became and volunteers, Napoleon sailed for France in a Chief of Staff, Grouchy received the Reserve , and flotilla of seven ships, evading Campbell in Ney was given two corps. 32 HISTORY Though the French Revolution and Napoleon’s empire variously employed by Talleyrand, Czar Alexander, and Eng- would alter the lives of millions, work and leisure remained land’s Prince Regent. His feasts were also noteworthy for heavily influenced by social status. Accurate portrayal of the elaborate confectionery creations that modeled classical ordinary lives of peasants, colonists, aristocrats, and others architecture of every kind. The opulence was matched only by will add verisimilitude to campaigns. the accuracy of his displays. Carême’s influence on gastrono- my during the late Empire and the Bourbon Restoration was ensured via his published cookbooks. FOOD AND DRINK The average European had three daily meals: breakfast, dinner, and supper. Breakfast, whether of bread and butter or CLOTHING tea and rolls, was eaten at 10 a.m. (in Britain), allowing the The witnessed the start of a series of changes in poor to perform morning tasks and the rich to call on friends. fashion. Silks, satins, and velvet waned in popularity against Dinner was the chief meal, eaten at 2 p.m., or as late as 5 p.m. cottons. The bourgeoisie joined the nobility in following by the rich. The poor ate their suppers around 9 p.m., while every twist in haute couture. the rich might wait until after midnight, dining in a fashion- Well-to-do men throughout Europe dressed elegantly in able club. the French style, wearing cutaway coats, embroidered waist- To a great extent, diet was determined by wealth. The coats, knee breeches, and knee-high silk stockings. The bright poor subsisted on bread. The English enjoyed more meat and decorated satins were replaced with more subdued and darker “puddings” – boiled or steamed dishes. Sweet puddings fabrics, with the embroidered patterns gradually disappearing included boiled fruit enclosed in a suet pastry crust and “plum from the clothing. Hair was worn long and tied in a “queue” at duffs” (raisins or currants in a sweetened dough); savory pud- the back, powdered in blue or red during the 1770s in England. dings contained meat, game, or poultry. The French benefited (Powdered hair virtually vanished in England following Pitt’s from fresh vegetables. In Italy, pasta was supreme and supple- 1795 powder tax, with only the most ardent antirevolutionar- mented with occasional veal, sausages, or poultry. Outside ies maintaining the habit.) Small wigs were common during Italy, many considered tomatoes poisonous. Porridges and the 1780s. Cocked hats such as bicorns or tricorns dominated gruel, infrequently mixed with cabbage, leeks, or onions, were headgear until the . Shoes (with buckles and min- staple foods in eastern Europe. The potato was gaining impor- imal heels) were the normal footwear for social occasions, tance. Gin, ale, beer, and wine were all popular in their locali- though tight-fitting boots were more practical when riding or ties, but trade outside the producing region was minimal. Tea walking outdoors. Dress swords, snuff-boxes, walking sticks, and sugar slowly percolated downward through society. and riding whips were all masculine accessories. The wealthy enjoyed more variety. A typical English Regency England, under the influence of dandies such as squire might have a meal of salt beef or cold mutton and cab- “Beau” Brummel, became the world center of masculine cou- bage or carrots followed by a heavy pudding, and washed ture. Top hats replaced cocked hats. The suit now consisted of down with ale, port, or an infrequent contraband brandy. For a dark square-cut tailcoat, a waistcoat (almost obscured by the less rustic palates, fish, oysters, game, cheeses, jellies, and coat), and lighter-colored close-fitting pantaloons buckled at fruit puddings provided a more diverse cuisine. Coffee and the ankle. Shirt collars were worn high, with a cravat wrapped chocolate (sometimes called jocalot) were popular drinks around the neck and tied in a knot at the front. As waistcoat among the well to do. pockets were now unreachable, watch fobs were hung from The truly refined and well to do followed France in mat- the belt, and greater use was made of the coat’s pockets. ters of gastronomy. Cooks proliferated in aristocratic house- For women, panier gowns dominated fashion until 1775. holds, specializing in particular areas of cuisine. Preservation These consisted of a rigid corset and an oval framework pet- of seasonal foodstuffs became common. Every aspect of food ticoat that was tied at the waist using tapes. (Some paniers preparation and presentation became an art. While individual were collapsible for greater maneuverability!) The gown dishes were masterworks, less consideration was (as yet) itself then flowed over corset and petticoat and was decorated given to their mutual compatibility. The “French service” with many ribbons and ruffles. True devotees of fashion wore placing multiple dishes for each course on the table together powdered high wigs and much make-up, frequently to con- was the norm throughout European high society. The smaller ceal smallpox marks. The English introduced a more dishes (known as “removes”) were replaced frequently during restrained gown with a high waistline and less ornamentation. the principal courses of banquets. Cookbooks differentiated Skirts reached almost to the ground. This eventually became between recipes suitable for commoners (cuisine bourgeoise) the accepted style, even in France. Graceful folding fans with and those appropriate for nobles (cuisine des grands). bone or ivory handles and painted sides were essential femi- As servants of the nobility, some cooks chose to flee nine accessories to cool the owner and enhance her abilities at France in the émigrés’ train rather than risk the guillotine. coquetry. Hats were large, made of straw or silk, and Those who remained – and survived the Terror – relocated to bedecked with ribbons and feathers. Worn at an angle, they the restaurants to pursue their vocations, and provided haute were pinned to secure them during periods when high wigs cuisine to the French middle classes. were fashionable. High-heeled shoes were slowly Order and logic in flavors, textures, and colors were replaced with flimsy slippers, made of satin for brought to French dishes by Marie-Antoine Carême, who was evening wear and leather for daywear. EVERYDAY LIFE 57 Gainsborough, 90. Pre-Revolutionary France, 65; Rights of Man, 53, 88. Galvani, Luigi, 91. Revolutionary France, 16. Rivoli, 20. George III, 38. Marengo, 22, 46. Robespierre, Maximilien, 15-18, 50, George IV, 38. Maria Theresa, Empress, 20. 67. German War of Liberation, 28. Marie Antoinette, 15, 38. Roman Republic, 20. Ghent, 31. Marie-Louise, Princess, 20. Romanticism, 89. Gibbon, Edward, 51. Marines, 71. Rosseau, Jean-Jacques, 53. INDEX Girondins, 15, 17. Marmont, 26. Rovereto, 20. Gordon Riots, 22. Masséna, General Andre 21, 22, 26, Royal Americans, 79. 95th Rifles, 79. Committee of Public Safety, 17, 18, Goya, Francisco, 90. 48. , 28, 84. Aboukir Bay, 20. 67. Gracchus Babeuf, 21. Medicine, 92. Royalist incursion into , 18. battle of Abstract naval battles, 74. Common Sense, 10, 53. Grand Port, , 28. Mercantilism, 9, 87. Russia, 27. Advantages, 100-102. Concordat, 24. Grand Tour, 123. Mesmerism, 52, 92. Sailors, 70-71, 98. Affair of the Diamond Necklace, Confederation of the Rhine, 25. Grant, General Colquhoun, 47. Methodists, 61. Salamanca, 26. Sans-culottes 119. , 34. , 15. Metternich, Count, 20, 30, 32. , 18. Alexander, Czar, 23, 25, 27. Constable, John, 90. Grouchy, 31. Ministry of Police, 85. Scarlet Pimpernels, 122. Alien Office, 84. Constituent Assembly, 16. Guillotine, 15, 61. Money, 105. Science, 91. GURPS Basic Set Castle life at Alternative outcomes, of French Constitutional Convention, 42. , 104, 108; Mont St. Jean, 33. Sea, , 72-76. Falkenstein Compendium Revolution, 17; of St. Helena, , 25, 26. , 125; Montgolfier brothers, 94. Second Coalition, 21. I Goblins High- 33; of Trafalgar, 23; of Cook, Lieutenant James, 93. , 104; , 125; Moscow, 28-29. Secret societies, 68, 88. Tech Horror -Low Waterloo, 31. Cornwallis, Lord, 10, 12, 27. , 124; , 125; Murat, General Joachim, 22, 48. Seringapatam, 39. Tech Old West American Colonies; see Colonial Corsica, conquest of, 8. , 108; , 124; Nabobs of the Indies, 66. Seven Years War, 6, 9, 20, 28. Rogues Scarlet Pimpernel birth of America. Corunna, 26. , 96; , Napoleon II, , 28. Sieges and Breaches, 81. Screampunk Space a nd Peace American War of Independence, Cotton gin, 60. 122; , 125; , Napoleon, 18, 19, 30, 33; Sieyés, Emmanuel-Joseph, 51, 123. Steampunk, Steam- of Amiens assassination 8-13. Council of the Elders, 21, 22. 125; 124; , 24; Skills, 104-105. Tech Swashbucklers plots against biography Ancien régime, 13. Council of the Five Hundred, 21. , 124; , 124; , 85; , 36; Slave trade, 22, 60. Traveller Undead birth of character sheet vaccine Arcole, 20. Crime and punishment, army, 79; in , 125; , 125; , 8; , 36; Smallpox, , 92. Vehicles Voodoo coronation of c oup against Armies, of the world, 83. Colonial America, 66; in , 124; , 125; , 25; Smith, Admiral Sir Sidney, 21, 44. Warriors using templates from Directory death of Army, campaigns, 112-113; life in, Europe, 60; naval, 72. , , , 22; , 34; Smuggling, 60. Who’s Who 1 , 25; exile 78-80; officers, 77-78; rank Cult of the Supreme Being, 67. 96, 100; , 36; Society of United Irishmen, 51. W ho’s Who 2 on Elba exile on St. table, 101. d’Estaing, Comte, 12. , 36. , 30, 32; Soldiers, 76-78, 98. Helena invasion of Russia Articles of War, 72. d’Orléans, Duc, 16, 14, 32, 123. , 23. , 34; , Soult, 26, 29, 32. marriage to Josephine Artillery, 77; table, 110; tactics, 81. Dalton, John, 91. Helvetic Republic, 20. 29; , 46; Spain, 21. m arriage to Princess Marie- Arts, 88-91. Danton, Georges-Jacques, 17, 50. Henry IX, 120. Spies, 84, 98, 118. Louise naval aims of Aspern-Essling, 28. David, Jacques-Louis, 52, 68, 90. Herschel, William, 91. , 20; , 28 Steam power, 93. Macedonian second invasion of Iberia Assassination plots, 22. Davout, General Louis-Nicolas, 32, HMS , 44. , 26; Stuart, Charles Edward, 120. siblings of Auerstädt, 25, 28. 46. Holland, 18, 21. , 54-55.. Submarine, 94, 124. Austerlitz, 25. Days of Terror, 17. Honourable East India Company, Napoleon’s Military Success, 83. Submerged mines, 94. see East India Company Austria, 20. de Beauharnais, General Eugéne, . National Assembly, 14. Suffren, Admiral Pierre-André, Badajoz, 26. 46-47. Hood, Vice-Admiral Lord, 17, 18. , 16, 18; 45-46. Robespierre’s election to Baltic, 24. de Coulomb, Charles-Augustin, 91. Hot-air balloons, 94, 124. , 50. Sultan, Tipu, 27, 38, 49. Barbary pirates, 115. de Godoy, Manuel, 39. House of Commons, 121. National Guard, 16. Suvorov, 21. Nautilus currency conversion Bastille, 61; attack on, 14. de Lafayette, Marquis, 12, 14, 16, House of Lords, 121. , 94. Tables, , 106; campaigns officers equipment job rank , 18. 123. Howe, Admiral Earl, 10, 19. Navy, , 114-115; , , 108; , 107; , rank table sailors status and cost of living Battle of the Nile, 23. de Lamarck, Chevalier, 91. Hundred Days, 32. 71; , 101; , 101; , map weapons Battle of the Pyramids, 20. de Mirabeau, Comte Honoré Iberian Peninsula, 26; , 27. 70-71. 106, , 109-110. life in see skill, Battlefield medicine, 80. Gabriel Riqueti, 50. Imperial France, , 68; Nelson, Admiral Horatio, 20, 23, Tactics, 81-82; 105. also France, Revolutionary Bavarian Illuminati, 87. de , Comte de (Louis 44. Talavera, 26. France. Beaumarchais, 123. XVIII), 17. New Constituition (French), 16. Talleyrand-Périgord, Bernadotte, Jean-Baptiste, 24. de Sainte-Germain, Comte, 123. Imperial Guard, 78. New Orleans, 31. Charles-Maurice de, 22, 24, 29, Berzelius, Jons Jacob, 91. de Staël, Germaine, 54. India, 27. Ney, Marshal Michel, 26, 31-33, 48. 34, 41, 123. Blücher, 31-33. Death of Marat, 52. Industrial Revolution, 60. North, Lord Frederick, 11, 13, 38, Technology, 93. tactics Bonaparte, Joseph, 26, 54. Decatur, Admiral Stephen, 43-44. Infantry, 76; , 82. 40. Tenerife, 44. Oath of the Horatii Bonaparte, Louis, 18, 55. Dechristianization, 67. Ireland, 19. , 52, 90. Third Coalition, 25. army naval Bonaparte, Lucien, 22, 54. Decree of Berlin, 25. Italian campaign, 20. Officers, , 77-78; , 70-71. Third Estate, 13. Bonaparte, Napoleon; see Devil’s Island, 61. Italian Republic, 25. Opera Plot, 22. Third Mysore War, 39. Napoleon. Directory, 18, 21. Italy, 19. Oporto, 26. Tilsit, 25. Bonnie Prince Charlie, 120. Disadvantages, 102-104. Jackson, General Andrew, 31. Organic Articles, 24. Time travelers, 122. Borodino, 29. Discipline, army, 79; naval, 72. Jacobins, 15, 16. Ottoman Empire, 31. Timeline, 7. Jacqueries Bourbon restoration, 34. Dissenters, 68. , 15. Paine, Thomas, 10, 53. Tone, Theobald Wolfe, 51. Bourgeoisie, 63. Duelling, 62. Jefferson, President, 24. Pakenham, General, 31. , 17-18. Brittany, 18. Dumoriez, General, 18. Jena, 25, 28. Paris Commune, 14, 16. Trachtenberg Plan, 29. life in map during Brunswick, Duke of, 18. Dutch East India Company, 60. Jourdan, Marshal, 18, 26. Paris, , 64; Trade, 60. Revolution alternative Burgos, 26. East India Company, 9, 27, 40, 51, Junot, General, 26. , 14. Trafalgar, 24, 25, 28; outcomes Nelson’s death at Burke, Edmund, 51. 59, 60, 117. Juntas, 26. Parliament, 121. , 23; , Cagliostro, 123. Egyptian Campaign, 20. King’s German Legion, 79. Parole, 75. 45. Calendar, revolutionary, 67. Elba, 30; Napoleon’s exile on, 32. L’Ouverture, Toussaint, 23. Peace of Amiens, 23, 47. Treaty of Amiens, 22. Calvinists, 61. Empires of the World, map, 6. La Haye Sainte, 33. Peace of , 39. Treaty of , 26, 29, 39. Campaigns, army, 112-113; Aus- Empress’ Dragoons, 78. Languages, 105. Peace of Paris, 12. , 6, 34, 38. tralian colonists, 118; cinematic, Enclosure, 65. Lavosier, Antoine-Laurent, 52, 91. Peninsular War, 25, 26, 49. Triangular trade, 60. Le Moniteur 112; crossover, 124-125; explor- England, 22. , 68. Philosophy, 87-88. Tricolor, 14. ers, 118; fictional, 112; histori- Entertainment, in Colonial America, League of Armed Neutrality, 22. Pitt, William, the Elder, 38. Triple Alliance, 40. Légion d’Honneur cal, 112; illuminated, 123; naval, 66; in Europe, 58. , 24. Pitt, William, the Younger, 22, 25, Troop types, 83. 114-115; pirates and privateers, Equipment, 108. Leipzig, 29. 38, 40-41. Typhus, 70. Les grognards 115; politicians, rebels, and Estates General, 13, 14. , 78. Place de la Révolution, 15. Vitoria, 26. reactionaries, 119; realistic, 112; Europe, life in, 57-65; map after the “Let them eat cake,” 15. Pontiac, 8. von Steuben, Baron, 12. army at sea in Scarlet Pimpernels, 122; spies Congress of Vienna, 32; map in Life, , 78-80; , 72-76; Portugal, 25-26. Wagram, 28, 46. Colonial America in and spymasters, 118; traders, 1810, 26. , 65-66; Potemkin, Grigory, 37. War of 1812, 30, 44. Europe in Imperial map slavers, and smugglers, 116; Exploration, 93. , 57-65; Pre-Revolutionary France, , 65. War of the Oranges, 21. France in London in time travel, 122; types, 112. Fighting at sea, 75. , 68; , 64; Press-gang, 70. War of the Third Coalition, 27. Paris in Revolutionary Camperdown, 20. First Coalition, 19. , 64; Priestly, Joseph, 91. Washington, burning of, 31. France near Canada, 30. Fleets, of the world, 73. , 67-68. Princeton, 42. Washington, George, 9, 42; deathf president Cape St. Vincent, 44. Fleurus, 19. , 31, 33. Prisoners, 75. , 10; , 29 alternative Castiglione, 20. Flogging, 80. Lost Dauphin and the Great Protestant Dissenters, 61. Waterloo, 32, 46, 49; outcomes Catherine the Great, 37. Forlorn Hope, 81. Pretenders, 120. Provisional Consulate, 22. , 31. execution Cavalry, 76-77; tactics, 81. Fouchê, Joseph, 39; and police, 85. Louis XVI, 13-16, 38-39; Prussia, 28. Wealth, 106. of artillery Characters, 96-98; female, 103. Fourth Anglo-Dutch War, 18. , 16, 50. Pugachev’s rebellion, 37. Weapons, 109; , 77; cavalry infantry Charles III, 120. France, 12; economic condition of, Louis XVII, 17, 18, 120. Purchase System, 77, 79. , 76-77; , 76. Château de Hougoumont, 31, 33. 13; map before the Revolution, Louis XVIII, 29-30, 32-34, 120. Quatre Bras, 31, 48. Weishaupt, Adam, 88, 123. see Wellington, , 20. 65; map during the Revolution, Purchase, 24, 60. , 15. Wellesley, Arthur, of Pontiac of peasants Duke of. , 26. 16; see also Imperial France, Louisiana Territory, 6, 24. Revolt, , 8; , of sans-culottes Civil Constitution of the Clergy, 16. Revolutionary France. Luddites, 94, 124. 15; , 18. Wellesley, Richard, 27. Clergy, 63, 96. Franklin, Benjamin, 91. Mack, 25. Revolutionary calendar, 67. Wellington, Duke of, 26, 29, 32, 33, life in words on Waterloo . Cochrane, Admiral Thomas, 43, 94. Free trade, vs. mercantilism, 87. , 26. Revolutionary France, , 67-68; 47, 49; , 31 map see also France, Code Napoleon, 22, 46. Freemasonry, 88. Mameluke, 20, 21, 78. , 16; Werner, Abraham, 91. American Colonies in 1775 Imperial France Colonial America, 65- Freemasons, 87. Maps, , . West Indies, 23. Empires of the World map 66; map, 8. French empire, 6. 8; , 6; Revolutionary Paris, , 14. Whisky Rebellion, 42. Europe after the Congress of as characters Committee of General French Revolution, alternative , 17. Women, , 103. Vienna Europe in 1810 armies of fleets of Safety, 18. outcomes of, 17. , 32; , 26; Revolutionary Wars, 18. World, , 83; , 73; Iberian Peninsula Paris in map of empires Fuentes de Oñoro, 26. , 27; Reynolds, 90. , 6. the French Revolution Fulton, Robert, 93. , 14; Rheims, 29. Zurich, 21. 128 INDEX STUCK FOR AN ADVENTURE? NO PROBLEM.

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