DOCSLIB.ORG

Lexical Variation in the Latin Text of the Jewish Greek Bible

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lexical Variation in the Latin Text of the Jewish Greek Bible Lexical Variation in the Latin Text of the Jewish Greek Bible by Simone Rickerby BA (Hon) MA A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) MCD University of Divinity March 2015 Ici, comme toujours, la philologie et l’histoire se donnent la main. D.S. Blondheim Lexical Variation in the Latin Text of the Jewish Greek Bible Abstract This dissertation will examine whether there is lexical variation apparent in the Latin Version of the Jewish Greek Bible, and if so, what this variation can tell us about the history of the text this corpus.1 Within scholarship dedicated to an examination of the textual tradition of the Latin Bible there has been a tacit assumption that an examination of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible may be approached using the same methods and suppositions as those used to elucidate the Latin New Testament text. While influence of the Latin New Testament on the Latin Jewish Greek Bible should be expected, and maybe even all consuming, this should not be the foundation from which we work. This thesis will examine the layers of variation apparent within the textual tradition of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible, whether within a single book or across books, and suggest a context for these variations independent of Latin New Testament textual theories. A detailed analysis of interesting vocabulary will be the basis for this study. Access to the Latin text of the books of the Jewish Greek Bible is facilitated by the Vetus Latina Database and the Beuron editions of the Old Latin Text. These resources will be key to informing our discussion of vocabulary in the Latin Jewish Greek Bible text. It is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to a more rounded understanding of the context of translation(s) and textual tradition(s) of the books of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible. It is also hoped that this study will encourage an appreciation of the wider textual context underlying and/or influencing the textual tradition of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible. 1 The phrase “Latin Jewish Greek Bible” has been introduced to indicate that this discussion is concerned with the Latin translation of the range of books used, to some extent or other, by the Greek speaking, rather than Semitic speaking, Jewish community. See Chapter One for further discussion. Preface and Acknowledgements This thesis is not what I intended to write. As have so many investigators before me I came to an examination of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible via my wish to engage more fully with the textual tradition of the Old Latin Gospels and the Western text of the New Testament. I am now a long way from that starting point and richer for it. The complexity of the textual traditions of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible and the insight these witnesses provide on an almost lost world, lost in reality but also lost to academia, has intrigued and captivated me. Given my starting position I was expecting my examination of the older Latin textual tradition of the Jewish Greek Bible to be dominated by the Latin New Testament theory of African and European text types. However, the more I engaged with the evidence the more I realised that I was making several assumptions to facilitate my study. My main assumption was the expectation that I could treat the Latin Jewish Greek Bible and the Latin New Testament text as one corpus. Without this assumption we are unable to import New Testament theories into a discussion of variation in the books of the Latin Jewish Greek Bible. Simultaneously I was becoming aware of the late 19th and early 20th century debate surrounding Latin “africanisms”. While this debate fell out of currency there was a sense that much of what I had accepted as settled was not, or at the very least, was developed in an academic environment which was tainted by prejudices foreign to the modern era (or now hidden behind closed doors). While the Latin New Testment textual theory of African and European texts may not be associated directly with this debate regarding “africanisms”, there is still much in the older literature which reflects these prejudices and is hard to escape. My final shift in perception was triggered by Blondheim’s seemingly little known and quite small volume on the relationship between the Jewish Romance languages and the Old Latin (D.S. Blondheim, Les Parlers Judéo-Romans Et La Vetus Latina; Étude Sur Les Rapports Entre Les Traductions Bibliques En Langue Romane Des Juifs Au Moyen Âge Et Les Anciennes Versions (Paris: É. Champion, 1925).). Blondheim’s volume explores the possibility of a Jewish Latin which survived into the medieval period, the existence of which may be traced back to antiquity. Whether or not one accepts Blondheim’s thesis, his book does highlight something which is not overtly referred to in general discussion of the Latin biblical text i.e. the possibility that the Latin Jewish Greek Bible is a product of, or at the very least heavily influenced by, Latin speaking Jews. This thesis is not the place to debate this possibility, but the work of Blondheim has introduced a healthy scepticism into this examination of Latin lexical equivalents in the Jewish Greek Bible. It is also possible that the Latin Jewish Greek Bible was the product of Christian (or Christian-Jewish) translators, however, and so this examination will not assume Blondheim's position. There are many people who have played a role in ensuring that this thesis has come to fruition. From the very beginning Dr Matthew Martin was supportive of my candidature. I appreciate the faith that he showed in my ability to see this journey through to the end when I wasn’t sure I would be able to. I would like to thank Donna Goldsmith, the Executive Officer of the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group, and other colleagues at ANZICS who have proffered support above and beyond what one would imagine was possible from any work place. Without their support this thesis would not have been completed. Greg Chenhall and Jamie Gardiner have supported me throughout this enterprise. They are dear friends and I appreciate everything they have done to support me in this process. This thesis would of course not have been possible without the support and input from my supervisors — Dr Keith Dyer and Dr Geoffrey Jenkins. Their stimulating conversation, willingness to engage with new ideas and their dedication in reviewing this work has been crucial to the success of this thesis. Finally I would like to thank my parents, Jennifer and Don, and my brother Christopher, who have always been enthusiastic about my interests. Their love and support is cherished always. Simone Rickerby 24th February 2014 Abbreviations^: Patristic Sources Anonymous [Abdias] Historiae apostolicae libri 10 (6th century) An. Expos. Paul. Hebr. Expositio epistole Pauli apostoli ad Hebreos Antiph. Mozarab. Antiphonale Mozarabic, Cathedral of Leon Ms. 8 Glosa Ps. Glosa psalmorum ex traditione seniorum Missale. Moz. Missale Mozarabicum Reg. mon. Regulae monasticae Res. Rom. Responsoriale Romanum Vid. Serv. De viduitate servanda Vita Elig. Vita S. Eligii episcopi Noviomagensis Vita. Emer. Liber Vitas Sanctorum Patrum Emeretensium Vita Heliae Vita S. Helia Autpert Ambrose, Provençale, († 784) Autpert Ambrose, Apoc. Expositionis in Apocalypsin libri X Ambrose of Milan († 397) Ambrose, Fid. Grat. De fide ad Gratianum Ambrose, Epist. Epistularum libri 1-10; Epistulae extra collectionem Ambrose, Paen. De paenitentia Ambrose, Explan. Ps. Explanatio XII psalmorum Pseudo-Ambrose Pseudo-Ambrose, Trin. Tractatus (immo sermo) in Phil 4:4-7 Pseudo-Athanasius (a forgery of the Luciferians) Pseudo-Athanasius, Luc. Epistulae 8 Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, North Africa († 430) Augustine, Epist. Epistulae Augustine, Faust. Contra Faustum Manichaeum Augustine, Civ. De civitate Dei Augustine, Cons. De consensu evangelistarum. Augustine, Doctr. chr. De doctrina christiana Augustine, Grat. De gratia et libero arbitrio Augustine, Adnot. Job. Adnotationum in Job liber I Augustine, Tract. Ev. Jo. In Evangelium Johannis tractatus Augustine, Lib. De libero arbitrio Augustine, Nat. grat. De natura et gratia Augustine, Pecc. merit. De peccatorum meritis et remissione Augustine, C. du. ep. Pelag. Contra duas epistulas Pelagianorum ad Bonifatium Augustine, C. litt. Petil. Contra litteras Petiliani Augustine, Praed. De praedestinatione sanctorum Augustine, Enarrat. Ps. Enarrationes in Psalms (Enarrations on Psalms) Sermones (F. Dolbeau, Les sermons de saint Augustin découverts à Mayence. Un premier bilan, Augustine, Serm. (Dolbeau) in Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres. Comptes rendus des séances de l’année 1993 (Paris 1993, 153-171) Augustine, Serm. (Fragments) Sermones (Fragments from the lost sermons) Sermones (G. Morin, ed., Guelferbytanus, Herzog- Augustine, Serm. (Guelf.) August-Bibliothek (Weissenburg. 12), Wolfenbüttel) Sermones (M. Denis, ed., Sancti Augustini Augustine, Serm. (Denis) Sermones post Maurinos reperti, in Miscellanea Agostiniana I, ed., G. Morin (Rome 1930), 11-164. Augustine, Serm. Sermones Augustine, Spec. De scriptura sancta speculum Augustine, Trin. De Trinitate Pseudo-Augustine Liber de divinis scripturis sive Speculum quod Pseudo-Augustine, Spec. fertur S. Augustini, Italy, 5th century Hypomnesticon Augustini contra Pelagianos sive Pseudo-Augustine, Hyp. Caelestianos haereticos Arnobius the Younger, Africa & Rome († after 455) Arnobius the Younger, Comm. Ps. Commentarii in psalmos Pseudo-Basil the Great Pseudo-Basil the Great, Isa. Expositio super Ysaye prophete Venerable Bede, Monkwearmouth/Jarrow († 735) Bede, Prov. In Proverbia Salomonis libri 3 Bede, Sam. In primam partem Samuhelis libri 4 Bede, Ps. Collectio Psalterii John Cassian Marseille (about 360-435) John Cassian, Con. Part. Conlationes Patrum 24 Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator, Italy & Constantinople († 583) Cassiodorus, Expos. Ps. Expositio Psalmorum Cassiodorus, Expos. Rom. Expositio in Epistulas S. Pauli (Romans) Chromatius, Bishop of Aquileia (388-407 or early 408) Chromatius, Serm.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • University of Birmingham the Garland of Howth (Vetus Latina
    University of Birmingham The Garland of Howth (Vetus Latina 28): A Neglected Old Latin witness in Matthew Houghton, H.A.G. License: Other (please specify with Rights Statement) Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (Harvard): Houghton, HAG 2019, The Garland of Howth (Vetus Latina 28): A Neglected Old Latin witness in Matthew. in G Allen (ed.), The Future of New Testament Textual Scholarship From H. C. Hoskier to the Editio Critica Maior and Beyond. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament, vol. 417, Mohr Siebeck, pp. 247-264. Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Checked for eligibility: 25/02/2019 Houghton , H. A. G. (2019) The Garland of Howth (Vetus Latina 28): A Neglected Old Latin witness in Matthew. In G. V. Allen (Ed. ), The future of New Testament textual scholarship (pp. 247-264). Tübingen, Germany: Mohr Siebeck. For non commercial use only. General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of Marian Doctrine As
    INTERNATIONAL MARIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON, OHIO in affiliation with the PONTIFICAL THEOLOGICAL FACULTY MARIANUM ROME, ITALY By: Elizabeth Marie Farley The Development of Marian Doctrine as Reflected in the Commentaries on the Wedding at Cana (John 2:1-5) by the Latin Fathers and Pastoral Theologians of the Church From the Fourth to the Seventeenth Century A Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate in Sacred Theology with specialization in Marian Studies Director: Rev. Bertrand Buby, S.M. Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton, OH 45469-1390 2013 i Copyright © 2013 by Elizabeth M. Farley All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Nihil obstat: François Rossier, S.M., STD Vidimus et approbamus: Bertrand A. Buby S.M., STD – Director François Rossier, S.M., STD – Examinator Johann G. Roten S.M., PhD, STD – Examinator Thomas A. Thompson S.M., PhD – Examinator Elio M. Peretto, O.S.M. – Revisor Aristide M. Serra, O.S.M. – Revisor Daytonesis (USA), ex aedibus International Marian Research Institute, et Romae, ex aedibus Pontificiae Facultatis Theologicae Marianum, die 22 Augusti 2013. ii Dedication This Dissertation is Dedicated to: Father Bertrand Buby, S.M., The Faculty and Staff at The International Marian Research Institute, Father Jerome Young, O.S.B., Father Rory Pitstick, Joseph Sprug, Jerome Farley, my beloved husband, and All my family and friends iii Table of Contents Prėcis.................................................................................. xvii Guidelines........................................................................... xxiii Abbreviations...................................................................... xxv Chapter One: Purpose, Scope, Structure and Method 1.1 Introduction...................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ebook Download the New Testament Ebook Free Download
    THE NEW TESTAMENT PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Nicholas King | 655 pages | 01 Dec 2004 | Kevin Mayhew Ltd | 9781844173242 | English | Suffolk, United Kingdom The New Testament PDF Book The first translation was made by at least the 3rd century into the Sahidic dialect cop sa. Word UK Ltd. Although a number of Christians have thought that church councils determined what books were to be included in the biblical canons, a more accurate reflection of the matter is that the councils recognized or acknowledged those books that had already obtained prominence from usage among the various early Christian communities. Introduction to the New Testament, Volume 2. Main article: Canonical gospels. They contain similar accounts of the events in Jesus's life and his teaching, due to their literary interdependence. Resources for Biblical Study. Start Publishing LLC. For full treatment, see biblical literature: Conditions aiding the formation of the canon. In many respects it was merely a revision of the Old Latin. No Codex Siniaticus. A brief summary of the acts was read at and accepted by the Council of Carthage and the Council of Carthage Jehovah's Witnesses Latter Day Saint movement. See media help. Ehrman , "These scribal additions are often found in late medieval manuscripts of the New Testament, but not in the manuscripts of the earlier centuries. A text-type referred to as the " Caesarean text-type " and thought to have included witnesses such as Codex Koridethi and minuscule , can today be described neither as "Caesarean" nor as a text-type as was previously thought. For this reason, the Bohairic translation can be helpful in the reconstruction of the early Greek text of the New Testament.
    [Show full text]
  • REVIEWS JM MARKS Der Textkritische Wert Des
    REVIEWS J. M. MARKS Der textkritische Wert des Psalterium Hieronymi Juxta Hebraeos, Winterthur, 1956, 155 S. Abbreviations: Hg = Psalterium Gallicanum, Hh = Psalterium iuxta Hebraeos, α' = Aquila, σ' = Symmachus, θ' = Theodotion, ε' = Quinta Editio, SH = Syro-Hexapla, AM = Anecdota Maredsolana, edid. G. MORIN. In Chapter I Jerome is speaking himself on his method(s?) of translating the 'hebraica veritas'. Chapter II discusses the afflnities between Hh and the other Latin Psalters (some of the evidence should weaken ALLGEIER'S thesis that Hh preceded Hg). Chapter III investigates the relations between Hh and LXX, and especially the all-pervading influence of a.', a', (0', upon Hh (this being the main part of the book: 62 out of 139 pages). Jerome's insufficient knowledge of Hebrew along with some other observations on the nature of Hh, compel M. to minimize the value of Hh for recogniz- ing the Hebrew text on which Jerome was working. It is a great pity that this book will have lost some of its importance before coming into general use, since M.'s book (preface dated June 1955) is based upon HARDEN'S 1925 edition 1) of Hh, which was based upon 9 Mss, and not upon the more recent edition (imprimatur dated June 1954) of H. de SAINTE-MARIE,which is based upon 19 Mss. The use of SAINTE- MARIE's edition invalidates a number of the examples given in HARDEN. Thus we find that on p. 113 (Ps. xc 3) convertens has become convertes= / MT and Hier. ep. 140, 7, 1 [converto(r) 6 times reflecting LXX : the change Hg averto(r) > Hh converto(r) (which therefore not necessa- rily goes back to influence of a') occurs: Ps.
    [Show full text]
  • International Marian Research Institute
    INTERNATIONAL MARIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON, OHIO in affiliation with the PONTIFICAL THEOLOGICAL FACULTY MARIANUM ROME, ITALY By: Stuart Schafer The Dwelling of God The Theology behind Marian Ark of the Covenant Typology of the First Millennium Volume 1 of 2 Chapters Figures and Tables A Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctorate of Sacred Theology with specialization in Marian Studies Director: Bertrand Buby, SM Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton OH 45469-1390 2020 Vidimus et approbamus: Bertrand Buby, S.M., S.T.D. – Director Johann Roten, S.M., S.T.D – Revisore Sebastien Abalodo, S.M., S.T.D – Revisore Daytonensis (USA), ex aedibus International Marian Research Institute, et Romae, ex aedibus Pontificiae Facultatis Theologicae Marianum, die 23 Novembri 2020. The Dwelling of God: The Theology Behind Marian Ark of the Covenant Typology of the First Millennium Table of Contents Chapter 1. Background .................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Outline ............................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Status Quaestionis .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • What Scriptures Or Bible Nearest to Original Hebrew Scriptures? Anong Biblia Ang Pinaka-Malapit Sa Kasulatang Hebreo
    WHAT BIBLE TO READ WHAT SCRIPTURES OR BIBLE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES? ANONG BIBLIA ANG PINAKA-MALAPIT SA KASULATANG HEBREO KING JAMES BIBLE OLD TESTAMENT IS THE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES BECAUSE THE OLD TESTAMENT WAS DIRECTLY TRANSLATED FROM HEBREW COLUMN OF ORIGENS’S HEXAPLA. KING JAMES BIBLE ALSO WAS COMPARED TO NEWLY FOUND DEAD SEA SCROLL WITH CLOSE AND VERY NEAR TRANSLATION TO THE TEXT FOUND ON DEAD SEA SCROLL ni Isagani Datu-Aca Tabilog WHAT SCRIPTURES OR BIBLE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES? KING JAMES BIBLE OLD TESTAMENT IS THE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES BECAUSE THE OLD TESTAMENT WAS DIRECTLY TRANSLATED FROM HEBREW COLUMN OF ORIGENS’S HEXAPLA. KING JAMES BIBLE ALSO WAS COMPARED TO NEWLY FOUND DEAD SEA SCROLL WITH CLOSE AND VERY NEAR TRANSLATION TO THE TEXT FOUND ON DEAD SEA SCROLL Original King Iames Bible 1611 See the Sacred Name YAHWEH in modern Hebrew name on top of the Front Cover 1 HEXAPLA FIND THE DIFFERENCE OF DOUAI BIBLE VS. KING JAMES BIBLE Genesis 6:1-4 Genesis 17:9-14 Isaiah 53:8 Luke 4:17-19 AND MANY MORE VERSES The King James Version (KJV), commonly known as the Authorized Version (AV) or King James Bible (KJB), is an English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England begun in 1604 and completed in 1611. First printed by the King's Printer Robert Barker, this was the third translation into English to be approved by the English Church authorities. The first was the Great Bible commissioned in the reign of King Henry VIII, and the second was the Bishops' Bible of 1568.
    [Show full text]
  • John Cassian and Early Medieval Theology Jennifer Chaloner
    Boundaries, Borders & Boats STAAR 6 Orthodoxy, Heresy, or the Grey in Between? John Cassian and Early Medieval Theology Jennifer Chaloner Our modern society has a need to define and categorize. The dawn of modernity in the sixteenth century saw scientists striving to place every living thing in its own category, creating an elaborate system of taxonomy. Everything and everyone has a label so that it may be filed properly in our minds: foods are healthy or unhealthy; countries are first, second, or third world; whole societies are labelled as primitive; people are dyslexic, homosexual, anorexic, black, religious, and so on. These labels help us to order our world, but they also allow us to dismiss whole categories of things and especially people at once. In the study of history, we must be aware of how our modern worldviews colour our interpretation of the past. Our desire to categorize does not always line up with the way earlier peoples saw their world. Early medieval heresy is a good example of this. Some beliefs, such as Pelagianism, Nestorianism, and Donatism, were considered heretical by the Catholic Church and formally condemned; others, such as the idea of apostolic poverty, were ignored or tolerated at certain times and in certain measures; and still others, such as was the case with St. John Cassian’s theology of grace, were tacitly accepted by the Church. Thus, the early Catholic Church accepted a grey area in theology, an area which fell between orthodoxy and heresy. John Cassian was an early fifth-century ascetic monk and author who had settled in southern Gaul, probably Marseille.
    [Show full text]
  • The Latin Vulgate As an “Auxiliary Tool” of Translation
    QL 97 (2016) 141-170 doi: 10.2143/QL.97.3.3197403 © 2016, all rights reserved THE LATIN VULGATE AS AN “AUXILIARY TOOL” OF TRANSLATION Historical Perspectives on Liturgiam Authenticam On March 28, 2001, the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Disci- pline of the Sacraments under the leadership of Cardinal Jorge Medina Estévez released the Fifth Instruction for the implementation of Sacrosanc- tum concilium. Entitled Liturgiam authenticam, “On the Use of Vernacular Languages in the Publication of the Books of the Roman Liturgy,” it pre- scribes the use of the Latin Vulgate as an “auxiliary tool” in the textual production of Scriptural translations for the vernacular liturgical books (no. 24). With regard to the vernacular lectionary in particular, it adds that “[i]f the biblical translation from which the Lectionary is composed exhib- its readings that differ from those set forth in the Latin liturgical text, it should be borne in mind that the Nova Vulgata Editio is the point of refer- ence as regards the delineation of the canonical text. Thus, in the transla- tion of the deuterocanonical books and wherever else there may exist var- ying manuscript traditions, the liturgical translation must be prepared in accordance with the same manuscript tradition that the Nova Vulgata has followed” (no. 37).1 This post-conciliar policy of Biblical translation soon became a matter of controversy. In a letter to the US Conference of Catholic Bishops dated August 13, 2001, the Executive Board of the Catholic Biblical Association of America aired its criticism against the curial document: Our main concerns have to do with the presentation of the Nova Vulgata as the model for Scripture translations in various ways and the provisions that translations conform to it, even to the point of requiring conformity to the Nova Vulgata in the tradition of original language manuscripts used for translation.
    [Show full text]
  • New Testament Canon Formation 2
    HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN TEXT OF THE BIBLE (NEW TESTAMENT) 1. Christianity develops its own canon of scriptures Modern Christians call the Christian scriptures “the New Testament” (NT) in which “testament” = “covenant.” By this, they distinguish the Christian scriptures from the Hebrew Bible or “Old Testament.” To Christians, the Hebrew scriptures are about God’s covenant with Israel via Abraham and Moses, and the Christian scriptures are about God’s covenant with all people via the followers of Christ. Christians read the Old Testament (OT) as a foreshadowing of the NT, picking up on passages such as Jer. 31:33-33 as evidence of God’s intentions: “The days are surely coming, says the Lord, when I shall make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah…. I shall put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts.” We believe that Jesus instituted the new covenant at the Last Supper: “Then he took a cup, and after giving thanks he gave it to them saying, ‘Drink from it, all of you; for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins’” (Matt. 26:27-28, NRSV). In its final form, the NT includes 27 canonical books: (1) the 4 Gospels, about the public career and teachings of Christ, composed 40-65 years after Jesus’s death; (2) Acts, a narrative about the birth and growth of Christian communities, composed by the author of the Gospel of Luke; (3) 13 letters to Christian communities and to followers, commonly attributed to Paul, that were written perhaps 20 years before the first Gospels; (4) a miscellany including the epistle to the Hebrews, the catholic (i.e., general) epistles, and Revelation.
    [Show full text]
  • Translations  Inspired Word of  Complete God (II Pet
    Translations Inspired word of Complete God (II Pet. 1:3) (II Tim. 3:16-17) Pure (Ps. 12:6-7) Man’s Standard (II Tim. 3:16-17) Eternal (Lk. 21:33; I Pet. 1:23ff) Septuagint (LXX) – Koine Greek [3 BC] Vetus Latina (Old Latin Bible) [LXX to 382] Latin Vulgate (382 AD) The Synod of Hippo (393 AD) Wycliffe’s English Bible (1384 AD) Luther Bible of (1522-1534 AD) Tyndale’s Bible (1526 AD) Sola Scritura The Great Bible (1539) – Myles Coverdale Council of Trent (1546) Geneva Bible (1560) The Bishop’s Bible (1568) Sistine Vulgate (1592) Sixto-Clementine Vulgate (1592) King James Version Bible (1611) Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican II 1962 Level of Teacher: Degree of certitude: Assent required: Magisterium: Religious submission 1. Bishops Ordinary Non-infallible of intellect and will Religious submission 2. Pope Ordinary Non-infallible of intellect and will 3. Bishops proposing definitively, dispersed, Ordinary and universal Full Assent of Faith but in unison, in union teaching of the Church Infallible with Pope 4. Bishops, in union Extraordinary (and with Pope, defining universal teaching of Full Assent of Faith doctrine at General Infallible the Church) Council Extraordinary (and 5. Pope ex cathedra Full Assent of Faith universal) Infallible Source to Target Language Dynamic Equivalence Formal Equivalence Young’s Literal Translation (YLT) (1862) The Revised Version (1885) 1901 American Standard Version (ASV) New American Standard Version (1971) New King James Version Bible (NKJV) (1982) 1997 ASV (World English Bible) The English Standard Version (2001) The Living Bible (1971) Good News Bible (1976) New International Version Bible (NIV) (1978) New Living Translation (2004) The Message Bible (2002) Change agents are and always have been at work (Gal.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LATIN NEW TESTAMENT OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 1/12/2015, Spi OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 1/12/2015, Spi
    OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 1/12/2015, SPi THE LATIN NEW TESTAMENT OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 1/12/2015, SPi OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 1/12/2015, SPi The Latin New Testament A Guide to its Early History, Texts, and Manuscripts H.A.G. HOUGHTON 1 OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 14/2/2017, SPi 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © H.A.G. Houghton 2016 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted First Edition published in 2016 Impression: 1 Some rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, for commercial purposes, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. This is an open access publication, available online and unless otherwise stated distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution –Non Commercial –No Derivatives 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), a copy of which is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2015946703 ISBN 978–0–19–874473–3 Printed in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin Psalters and Gregorian Chant
    LATIN PSALTERS AND GREGORIAN CHANT • Various old versions in Latin from 2 nd century on. • Roman Psalter ( Psalterium Romanum )– formerly ascribed to St. Jerome, 4 th century. Used widely in Italy in early Middle Ages. Used in St. Peter’s Basilica until Vatican II. • Gallican Psalter ( Psalterium Gallicanum ) – translated by St. Jerome, 4 th century. Imposed on entire Gallican regions in Carolingian times (hence the name); included in the Vulgate Bible. Eventually the psalter of entire Western church (except St. Peter’s). • Hebrew Psalter ( Psalterium iuxta Hebraeos ) – translated by St. Jerome, 4 th century, directly from the Hebrew text (rather than the Greek Septuagint translation). Never became widely used, although it was probably his highest quality and most accurate translation. Note: some medieval Bibles have any of the above three psalters, or even include all three together. • 1945 Psalter issued under Pope Pius XII – hence called Pian Psalter or Psalterium Pianum . Translated directly from Hebrew. Radical rejection of ecclesiastical Latin vocabulary in favor of “classical” Latin. Made optional for recitation of Roman office by clergy. • 1969 Psalter completed at directive of Second Vatican Council. Taken into 1979 Vulgata Nova (New Vulgate) with very slight alterations. Restores ecclesiastical Latin vocabulary (and thus completely rejects the approach of the 1945 Pian Psalter ). Corrects Gallican Psalter only when called for by Hebrew text, otherwise it is quite similar with it. Published as separate volume ( Liber psalmorum , 1969). Text is found in Psalterium Monasticum (Solesmes, 1981) with accent marks for liturgical use. Gregorian Chant Mass Proper antiphons : generally from the Roman Psalter, but sometimes from various old versions.
    [Show full text]