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Bits of Harvard History This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com 1 و هب dan @@ CUBBERLEY LIBRARY JUNKC COLD STANFORD UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 1 1 BITS OF HARVARD HISTORY LONDON : HUMPHREY MILFORD OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS OPENING SCENE OF “ THE REBELLIAD ” ( See page 144 ) BITS OF HARVARD HISTORY BY SAMUEL F. BATCHELDER VERI TAS CAMBRIDGE HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1924 COPYRIGHT , 1924 BY HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS Second Impression PRINTED AT THE HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS CAMBRIDGE , MABS . , 0.8 . A. TO THE CLASS OF 1893 “ THE BEST CLASS THAT EVER GRADUATED FROM HARVARD COLLEGE ” Concerning the material here collected , the two military articles first appeared in the “ Harvard Graduates ' Maga zine . ” Of the legal articles , the sketch of Professor Lang dell was written for the “ Green Bag " ; and the history of the Law School has been elaborated from a paper read be fore the Choate Club of the School , and subsequently pub lished in the “ Atlantic Monthly . ” The medical paper , an extract from an extended essay on the medical conditions of 1775 , was read before the Harvard Medical Society and afterwards printed in the “ Harvard Alumni Bulletin . " The architectural paper ( first read before the Harvard Me morial Society ) , and the remaining articles in this volume , likewise appeared in the “ Bulletin . ” Acknowledgments are due the editors of the above publications for courteous permission to reprint . 1 7 CONTENTS I. THE SINGULAR STORY OF HOLDEN CHAPEL 1 II . THE STUDENT IN ARMS OLD STYLE 35 III . THE HISTORY OF COMMONS , PART I 79 IV . THE HISTORY OF COMMONS , PART II 117 V. HARVARD HOSPITAL - SURGEONS OF 1775 155 VI . OLD TIMES AT THE LAW SCHOOL 193 VII . BARRACKS ON CAMBRIDGE COMMON , 1775–1918 241 VIII . WANTED ! COLLEGE CHARACTERS " 259 IX . C. C. LANGDELL , ICONOCLAST 301 EARLY CHRONOLOGY 325 INDEX 327 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Opening Scene of “ The Rebelliad ” Frontispiece Sketch by William H. Furness , A.B. 1820 , in a copy at the Widener Library Holden Chapel about 1774 10 Enlarged from Paul Revere's “ Westerly View of the Colledges " Thomas Hutchinson , A.B. 1727 12 Mrs. Holden's Arms 12 Drawn by Robert D. Weston , '86 Holden Chapel Alterations of 1814 24 Reduced from a plan in the Widener Library “ A Midnight Foray into the Medical Room in Holden Chapel " 26 From “ College Scenes , ” drawn by N. Hayward , A.B. 1850 Holden Chapel about 1860 28 From a photograph in the Widener Library 66 Flag of the Washington Corps , 1812 . From a photograph of a “ reconstruction , " in possession of the Massachusetts Historical Society The First Harvard Hall 86 From Quincy's " History of Harvard University " The Buttery Clock . 88 Part of a Page from the Steward's Book of 1650 . 90 Commons Hall , St. John's College , Cambridge Univer sity 92 Early View of Kitchen , Christ Church , Oxford 98 From Ackerman's “ History of Oxford ” . Second Harvard Hall before Enlargement . 100 From Quincy's “ History of Harvard University ” University Hall , when used for Commons 142 From the same xii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Plate from the Dinner Service imported by President Quincy 146 From the collection of Ezra H. Baker , '81 Handle of Tablespoon , from Silverware imported by President Quincy 146 150 “ Boarding Yourself ” . From “ College Scenes , " drawn by N. Hayward , A.B. 1850 “ Thayer Commons " about 1870 . 152 Memorial Hall in 1875 . 154 Dr. John Warren , A.B. 1771 158 From the portrait by Rembrandt Peale Dr. William Eustis , A.B. 1772 . 158 From the portrait attributed to Stuart Josiah Bartlett , M.D. ( hon . ) 1809 162 From the portrait by Stuart , in the Masonic Temple , Boston Dr. Isaac Hurd , A.B. 1776 162 From a portrait in possession of Charles E. Goodspeed , Boston Dr. William Aspinwall , A.B. 1764 168 From the portrait by Stuart in possession of Mrs. Thomas Aspinwall , Brookline Dr. Lemuel Hayward , A.B. 1768 168 From a photographic copy in possession of Henry W. Cun ningham , '82 James Thacher , M.D. ( hon . ) 1810 . 174 From his “ Medical Biographies ” Dr. Gad Hitchcock , Jr. , A.B. 1768 . 174 From the “ Hitchcock Genealogy " Dr. David Townsend , A.B. 1770 . 178 From the portrait attributed to Stuart Dr. Ebenezer Crosby , A.B. 1777 . 178 Dr. James McHenry 184 From the portrait attributed to St. Memin LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xiii John Morgan , M.D. ( Edin . ) 1763 184 From the portrait by Angelica Kauffmann Chief Justice Isaac Parker 198 From the portrait in the Harvard Law School College House No. 2 and the Court House in 1795 . 206 Reduced from a watercolor by William Boyd , A.B. 1796 , in the Widener Library Dane Hall , Original State . 210 From Quincy's “ History of Harvard University ” Dane Hall about 1855 220 The Library in Dane Hall . 236 Naval Radio - School Barracks on Cambridge Common , 1918 244 From a photograph by the Author The “ Laboratory ” on Cambridge Common in 1784 . 256 Slightly enlarged from a watercolor by Joshua Green , A.B. 1784 , in the Widener Library Broadside of “ Father Abbey's Will ” 274 From the collection in the Widener Library Idealized Portrait of Miss Morse 280 From " The Rebelliad ” Clary about 1860 . 280 From Class Album of '61 John the Orangeman , about 1890 288 From a photograph in possession of the Author “ Poco " 292 Sketch by E. R. Little , '04 , in his “ Harvard Celebrities " A Consistory of Goodies 294 From Class Album of '65 “ Mr. Jones the Bell - ringer ” 296 From the " Harvard Graduates ' Magazine , " vol . 12 ( 1904 ) xiv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Mr. Foster in Action . 298 From a photograph in possession of John W. Cummin , '92 Christopher Columbus Langdell , about 1870 306 From Class Album of '74 Christopher Columbus Langdell , in 1892 320 From the portrait by Vinton , in the Harvard Law School THE SINGULAR STORY OF HOLDEN CHAPEL I THE SINGULAR STORY OF HOLDEN CHAPEL One of the apparent incongruities of Harvard's his tory is the fact that for over a century the College had no chapel . As a frontier town promptly erects its block house , a logging camp its sawmill , or a new county seat its jail , so one might suppose an institution avowedly established as a divinity school would at once provide a special edifice dedicated to the purposes of religion . But it is characteristic of the founders of the University that they felt no such need . For them the beauty of holiness lay not in fretted vault or storied windows . Subconsciously , perhaps , they realized that the sterner , the barer , the colder , and the more cramped the quar ters , the more appropriate for the creed they so pitilessly expounded . Their failure to supply anything better is the greatest outward and visible sign of the mental viewpoint that differentiated their College from those elder institutions which they copied with such pathetic fidelity in every other detail of equipment . Library , philosophical chamber ( or laboratory ) , commons - hall , buttery , even the brew - house , they reproduced as faith fully as the poverty of their circumstances would allow ; 3 4 BITS OF HARVARD HISTORY but the meretricious forms and ceremonies of church manship were precisely what they had fled from the old world to avoid . For all that , the spiritual life of the undergraduates the only thing that really mattered in this vale of tears was pried into , dissected , and stimulated with relent less vigor . The scholars read the Scriptures twice a day , says Quincy ; they had to repeat or epitomize the ser mons preached on Sunday , and were frequently exam ined as to their own religious state . In every week of the college course , every class was practised in the Bible and in catechetical divinity . ( At first , the sole requirement for the degree of A.B. was the ability " to read the original of the Old and New Testament into the Latin tongue , and to resolve them logically . ” 2 ) Morning prayers were held at an hour that would have made an anchorite blush . Evening prayers again collected the College as the sun sank over the Watertown hills . The Sabbath was a sort of theological nightmare of services , sermons , expositions , and catechisms . Originally each class met for its daily devotions in the chamber of its special tutor . Later , all the " scholars ” assembled in the commons - hall , or the library of the first Harvard , whose quaint Dutch gables suggested the architecture of Delft i Quincy , History of Harvard University , i , 191. See also Thayer , His torical Sketch of Harvard University , 31 . No. 18 of the original “ Laws " of 1642 . HOLDEN CHAPEL 5 and Leyden , where the Calvinists had found sanctuary , and whence they had set forth on their great adventure . On Sundays the whole personnel adjourned to the First Parish meeting - house hard by , where — with an hour or two of “ nooning " the luckless boy - collegians yawned and shivered all day in the front gallery . This use of the meeting - house illustrates another trait of the early administrators of the University their canny New England economy . The ancient fane , rebuilt at intervals of sixty years or so , became by long custom almost a part of the College itself . Indeed the location of the dwelling of the Reverend Mr. Shepard , its first pastor ( about on the corner of Harvard and Quincy Streets ) , is said to have determined the site of the orig inal college building , that the students might have the benefit of close proximity to this paragon of piety . By virtue of being the largest auditorium in town , the meeting - house served for two centuries and more for the commencement exercises , and all other academic convocations , grave and gay . Its steeple was adorned with the " college clock , ” which was removed to Concord with the rest of the University paraphernalia at the outbreak of the Revolution .
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