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Foods of the Future 3/3/2017 Foods of the Future Mary Lee Chin Nutrition Edge Communications Minnesota Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics Minneapolis Marriott Northwest Brooklyn Park, MN April 27, 2017 Photo credit: pixabay.com Mary Lee Chin MS RDN Foods of the Future @maryleechin Disclosure Sponsor FCP • Family • A bowl of rice Background: • Purdue Ag & Food security • Food industry- Monsanto Academy - RD Farmer • Organic co-op • CSA Refugees 1 3/3/2017 Session Objectives 1. Identify at least one new food production technique on the horizon and discern its safety. 2. Describe the benefits of advancements in foods of the future. 3. Respond to the latest foods of the future with confidence to colleagues and consumers, appropriately address their concerns, and explain pros and cons in a clear and understandable way. Future of Food Initiative Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation Future of Food Resources for Members • Toolkits www.eatrightfoundation.org/toolkits-webinars • Hunger in Our Community. What We Can Do. • Smart Choices. For a Healthy Planet. (English/Spanish!) • Tossed Treasures. How We All Can Waste Less Food. (English/Spanish!) • Supervised Practice Concentrations: • Food Insecurity and Food Banking—available now! www.healthyfoodbankhub.org • Food Systems—under development! • Webinars and Infographics www.eatrightfoundation.org • Affiliate Presentations: • “Changing the Way We Look at Agriculture” 32 affiliates/DPGs (2015) • Food waste, food additives, and GMO presentations 10 affiliates (2016) • Foods of future, farming tools, and food preservation presentations 10 affiliates (2017) 2 3/3/2017 Last year our donors’ generosity helped us award: $446,900 in student scholarships to 194 students $14,000 in student stipends to help 140 students attend FNCE. $40,000 through Home Food Safety Challenge grants to dietetics students. www.eatrightfoundation.org A Brief History of Agriculture1,2 Photo credit: Illinois State Museum. http://exhibits.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/athome/1920/sideby/work.htm http://agriculture.papemachinery.com/images/uploads/new_equipment/6982/DSC0115_9560R_642x462__full.jpg Brief overview of food production3 1825 - world population reaches one billion people 1850 - 1900—Per capita calorie consumption increased Consumption of animal proteins increased, cereal consumption decreased 1927 - world population reached 2 billion Land available for cropping became a limiting factor, increased crop yields prioritized, nitrogen fertilizers, first use of synthetic pesticides in the early 1900s 1960 - world population reached 3 billion Inputs for agriculture greatly increased, mechanized methods of farming and food production became the norm, animal agriculture industry raises large numbers of animals confined in facilities, agriculture intensification produces more food on less land and with increased environmental impact 2000+ - population has reached over 7 billion Overweight and obese (1.4 billion) have now outnumbered malnourished (790 million), increased focus on feeding growing population sustainably. 3 3/3/2017 The Challenges Ahead 4-7 Decrease of Arable Land8,9 1 hectare=2.47105 acres Photo credit: FAO - World Agriculture Towards 2030/2050 4 3/3/2017 Decrease of Arable Land-Illustration10 Apple-Earth1 Cut an apple into quarters. Put aside three of the quarters Slice remaining quarter in half. Put aside one of the slices Slice your eighth into four sections. Put aside three sections Take the 1/32nd piece that is left. Carefully peel it Photo Credit: Creative Commons: Pubic Domain https://www.farmland.org/initiatives/saving-farms-in-your-community World Wildlife Fund’s 2012 “Living Planet" Report” 11 The expansion and impact of world fishing fleets Photo credit: World Wildlife Fund 2012 Changing Dietary Patterns 12-14 Source: CGIAR Big Facts 5 3/3/2017 The average American tosses 300 lbs of food annually 15,16 http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-09-30/features/os-school-food-waste-20120930_1_food-audits-count-calories-baked-chips Food Waste 17-20 • 30-40% of all food produced ends up in the landfill • 1 in 6 Americans are Food Insecure • Average American throws out 23 lbs of food a month costing a family of four around $190 • Rotting food in landfills creates Methane gas – 28x more potent than CO2 Consumer-facing businesses lose 25 M tons and $2 billion annually 21-23 6 3/3/2017 Future of Food Production EATING FOR THE FUTURE “optimizing health through food and nutrition” - Vision Statement The Academy Of Nutrition and Dietetics From Plant to Crop: The past, present, and future of plant breeding24-28 Photo Credit: Biofortified 7 3/3/2017 Transgenic or GMOs29-37 Photo credit: Golden Rice Project Photo credit: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Number of Genes Affected Photo credit: ars.usda.gov Photo credit: Pixabay CC0 Public Domain Photo credit: Amy Myrdal Miller Infographic by Xiao Zhi Lim. Genetic Literacy Project Gene Editing (GE) 38-44 RNAi and CRISPR Arctic® Golden & Arctic® Granny Apples Okanagan Specialty Fruits CRISPR mushroom resists browning Innate® Russet Burbank (left) Photo credits next to conventional Russet Burbank Arctic Apple: Okanagan Specialty Fruits Innate Potato: J. R. Simplot 30 minutes after peeling CRISPR Mushroom: Genetic Literacy Project Precision Agriculture 45-46 Photo credit: CEMA 8 3/3/2017 Thinking outside the soil http://i.bnet.com/blogs/800px- leafy_greens_hydroponics.jpg http://www.aerogarden.com/aerogardens.html http://photos.cleveland.com/plain-dealer/2013/02/26lgreen10jpg.html http://www.basicknowledge101. ? http://www.arch2o.com/the- com/subjects/verticalfarming.ht incubatrix-mais-abuali-winnie-habash- ml youssar-ahmad/ In Vitro Protein 47,48 Churchill 1931 – “Fifty years hence, we shall escape the absurdity of growing a whole chicken in order to eat the breast or wing by growing these parts separately under a suitable medium.” Photo credit: Churchill. http://www.publicdomainpictures Petri dish grown meat: David Parry / PA Wire 3-D Printed Food 49-54 Photo credit: Frey T. Futurist Speaker Website. Photo credit: Edible Growth: Food Printing’s Next Big Thing? 9 3/3/2017 Light Spectrometry http://www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/pocket-sized-molecular- spectrometer-tells-chemical-makeup-foods/ http://food.ndtv.com/opinions/when-we-can- read-our-food-the-whole-dynamic-will-change- 1292111 Follow us: @digitaltrends on Twitter | digitaltrendsftw on Facebook Opportunities & Challenges-GMO 55-58 Enhanced nutrition quality Ethical or religious issues Increased pest & disease resistance Resistant weeds and bugs2 Not unique to GMO Greater insect biodiversity Herbicide tolerant weeds Decreased crop losses Corporate seed consolidation Conservation tillage Regulatory challenges Reduced pesticides Labeling issues Tolerance climate change Public Skepticism 1 Improved farmer income Increase yield debate Opportunities & Challenges-CRISPR59-61 Remove allergens, make food Regulatory uncertainty more nutritious Labeling confusion if products Use genes occurring naturally in made through various GE plant-No transgenic genes techniques categorized as GMO added Potential for unintended changes Ability to target & study precise DNA sequences Easy & rapid genome editing Photo credit: https://pixabay.com/en/dna-double-helix-science-rna-296744/ Potential treat human diseases 10 3/3/2017 Opportunities & Challenges-In Vitro62-63 Reduce livestock production High cost environmental impact Potential lack of essential nutrients Address animal welfare issues for good health Decrease food waste Sterile environment w/specific equipment & technical skills Control nutrient content Not panacea for world hunger Address hunger issues Intellectual property rights of original researchers Opportunities & Challenges- 3-D 64 New & innovative food shapes and Needs to be more reliable, fast & textures cost effective Print food on demand Good taste but different texture NASA menus for future long-term Cannot deploy to remote, space voyages underdeveloped areas •Lack replacement parts Food w/personalized nutrition •Lack people w/advanced profile, portion control computer-assisted drafting skills Opportunities & Challenges-Insect 65 Affordable protein Need change perception of what we see as food Requires less agricultural inputs Possible allergens Food inputs from agricultural waste Pesticide accumulation Less greenhouse gasses than meat Natural toxins in insects Water savings Animal Welfare 11 3/3/2017 Opportunities & Challenges-Soil-less 66 No dirt needed May be more expensive Requires less space Clean water issues Can grow year round Energy costs from grow-lights Adaptable to a variety of High upfront costs environments Specific skillsets and knowledge Does not require sunlight needed Heavy work is reduced Not all varieties of plants can be grown What RDNs Can Do: The Application of Turning Science Into Action Photo Source: http://www.organicfarmthailand.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/barley-872000_1920.jpg The Future of Food By 2050, the world will need to produce 70 percent more food in order to nourish a global population of 9.6 billion, according to the United Nations. Meeting this unprecedented challenge will require coordinated efforts across the agro-food chain. Innovation and disruptive technologies—such as big data, robotics, and the Internet of Things— can transform and reinvent our food system. -Chicago Council on Global Affairs With the premise that the science of food is an essential ingredient for feeding the world sustainably, innovation will lead the way toward a healthier, safer and better nourished planet.
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