§ 1918.54 29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–00 Edition)
be locked at the winch or the operating (g) Trimming and deckloads. When controls. deck loads extend above the rail and there is less than 12 inches (30.48 cm) § 1918.54 Rigging gear. horizontal clearance between the edge (a) Guy and preventer placement. Each of the deck load and the inside of the guy or preventer shall be placed to pre- bulwark or rail, a pendant or other al- vent it from making contact with any ternate device shall be provided to other guy, preventer, or stay. allow trimming of the gear and to pre- vent employees from going over the (b) Guys. When alternate positions side. for securing guys are provided, the guys shall be so placed as to produce a [62 FR 40202, July 25, 1997, as amended at 65 minimum stress and not permit the FR 40945, June 30, 2000] boom to jackknife. § 1918.55 Cranes (See also § 1918.11). (c) Boom placement. The head of the midship boom shall be spotted no far- The following requirements shall ther outboard of the coaming than is apply to the use of cranes forming part necessary for control of the load. of a vessel’s permanent equipment. (d) Preventers. (1) Preventers shall be (a) Defects. Cranes with a visible or properly secured to suitable fittings known defect that affects safe oper- other than those to which the guys are ation shall not be used. Defects shall be secured, and shall be as nearly parallel reported immediately to the officer in to the guys as the fittings will permit. charge of the vessel. (b) Operator’s station. (1) Cranes with (2) Unless the cleat is also a chock missing, broken, cracked, scratched, or and the hauling part is led through the dirty glass (or equivalent) that impairs chock opening, the leads of preventers operator visibility shall not be used. to cleats shall be such that the direc- (2) Clothing, tools and equipment tion of the line pull of the preventer is shall be stored so as not to interfere as parallel as possible to the plane of with access, operation or the operator’s the surface on which the cleat is view. mounted. (c) Cargo operations. (1) Accessible (3) Guys and associated preventers areas within the swing radius of the shall be adjusted to share the load as body of a revolving crane or within the equally as possible where cargo oper- travel of a shipboard gantry crane shall ations are being conducted by be physically guarded or other equally burtoning. Exception: Where guys are effective means shall be taken during designed and intended for trimming operations to prevent an employee purposes only, and the preventer is in- from being caught between the body of tended to do the function of the guy, the crane and any fixed structure, or the guy may be left slack. between parts of the crane. Verbal (e) Cargo falls. Cargo falls under load warnings to employees to avoid the shall not be permitted to chafe on any dangerous area do not meet this re- standing or other running rigging. Ex- quirement. ception: Rigging shall not be construed (2) Limit switch bypass systems shall to mean hatch coamings or other simi- be secured during all cargo operations. lar structural parts of the vessel. Such bypass systems shall not be used (f) Bull wire. (1) Where a bull wire is except in an emergency or during non- taken to a winch head for lowering or cargo handling operations such as topping a boom, the bull wire shall be stowing cranes or derricks or per- secured to the winch head by shackle forming repairs. Any time a bypass or other equally strong method. Secur- system is used, it shall be done only ing by fiber rope fastening does not under the direction of an officer of the meet this requirement. vessel. (2) When, in lowering or topping a (3) Under all operating conditions, at boom, it is not possible to secure the least three full turns of rope shall re- bull wire to the winch head, or when main on ungrooved drums, and two full the topping lift itself is taken to the turns on grooved drums. winch head, at least five turns of wire (4) Crane brakes shall be monitored shall be used. during use. If crane brakes are unable
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to hold the load, the crane shall not be be performed in accordance with part used. 1919 of this chapter, by a person then (5) Cranes shall not be used if control currently accredited by OSHA as pro- levers operate with excessive friction vided in that part. or excessive play. (f) Special gear. (1) Special steve- (6) When cranes are equipped with doring gear provided by the employer, power down capability, there shall be the strength of which depends upon no free fall of the gear when a load is components other than commonly used attached. stock items such as shackles, ropes, or (7) When two or more cranes hoist a load in unison, a designated person chains, and that has a Safe Working shall direct the operation and instruct Load (SWL) greater than five short personnel in positioning, rigging of the tons (10,000 lbs or 4.54 metric tons) gear and movements to be made. shall be inspected and tested as a unit (d) Unattended cranes. When cranes before initial use (see Table A in para- are left unattended between work peri- graph (f)(2) of this section). In addition, ods, § 1918.66(b) (4)(i) through (v) shall any special stevedoring gear that suf- apply. fers damage necessitating structural repair shall be inspected and retested Subpart G—Cargo Handling Gear after repair and before being returned and Equipment Other Than to service. Ship’s Gear (2) Special stevedoring gear provided by the employer that has a SWL of five § 1918.61 General (See also appendix short tons (10,000 lbs. or 4.54 metric IV of this part). tons) or less shall be inspected and (a) Employer provided gear inspection. tested as a unit before initial use ac- All gear and equipment provided by the cording to paragraphs (d) and (e) of this employer shall be inspected by the em- section or by a designated person (see ployer or designated person before each Table A in this paragraph (f)(2)). use and, when appropriate, at intervals during its use, to ensure that it is safe. Safe working load Proof load Any gear that is found upon such in- Up to 20 short tons (18.1 metric tons) .. 25 percent in ex- spection to be unsafe shall not be used cess. until it is made safe. From 20 through 50 short tons (18.1 to 5 short tons in ex- (b) Safe working load. (1) The safe 45.4 metric tons). cess working load of gear as specified in Over 50 short tons (45.4 metric tons) ... 10 percent in ex- §§ 1918.61 through 1918.66 shall not be cess exceeded. (2) All cargo handling gear provided (g) Every spreader that is not a part by the employer with a safe working of ship’s gear and is used for handling load greater than five short tons (10,000 intermodal containers shall be in- lbs. or 4.54 metric tons) shall have its spected and tested before initial use to safe working load plainly marked on it. a proof load equal to 25 percent greater (c) Gear weight markings. The weight than its rated capacity. In addition, shall be plainly marked on any article any spreader that suffers damage ne- of stevedoring gear hoisted by ship’s cessitating structural repair shall be gear and weighing more than 2,000 lbs. inspected and retested after repair and (.91 metric tons). before being returned to service. (d) Certification. The employer shall (h) All cargo handling gear covered not use any material handling device by this section with a SWL greater listed in paragraphs (f) and (g) of this than five short tons (10,000 lbs. or 4.54 section until the device has been cer- metric tons) shall be proof load tested tificated, as evidenced by current and according to Table A in paragraph (f) valid documents attesting to compli- ance with the requirements of para- or paragraph (g), as applicable, of this graph (e) of this section. section every four years and in accord- (e) Certification procedures. Each cer- ance with paragraphs (d) and (e) of this tification required by this section shall section or by a designated person.
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